broadband overview

8/10/2019 Broadband Overview

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Last Modifed: 13/12/11 Re: BB40 Version: 0.4

Borders Broadband

BroadbandOverviewQui! overview o Broadband servies" #ow t#e$ wor!% #ow t#e$are de&ivered and so'e o t#e issues and #a&&en(es invo&ved.

Ref: BB40

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;i(ure 11 ;ibre Ba!#au& .....................................................................................13

;i(ure 12 ;668 8abinet .......................................................................................14

;i(ure 13 5,) 9etwor! .........................................................................................1

;i(ure 14 B6 2189 networ! ................................................................................1

;i(ure 1 B6 8ore 9odes .....................................................................................1

;i(ure 1 B6 2189 6oo&o($ ............................................................................... 1

;i(ure 1 One>wa$ sate&&ite ................................................................................1?

;i(ure 1? 6wo>wa$ sate&&ite .................................................................................1?

;i(ure 1A ,ate&&ite ootrint ................................................................................ 1A

;i(ure 20 3 don(&e.............................................................................................20

;i(ure 21 *+a'&e o Mobi&e 8o''s 9etwor! ....................................................20

;i(ure 22 3 overa(e ........................................................................................21

;i(ure 23 CiM-D in oeration .............................................................................22

;i(ure 24 ;66+ de&o$'ents ...............................................................................23

;i(ure 2 ia(ra' o otia& fbre ......................................................................24

;i(ure 2 Mu&ti&e>8ore Otia& ;ibre ..................................................................24

;i(ure 2 B&own fbre ..........................................................................................2

;i(ure 2? ia(ra' s#owin( Edar!E fbre ..............................................................2

;i(ure 2A -tive and )assive Otia& 9etwor!s ...................................................2

;i(ure 30 )O9 e+a'&e ...................................................................................... 2

;i(ure 31 )O9 *+a'&e ...................................................................................... 2?

Tables

6ab&e 1 -,L 6$es................................................................................................4

6ab&e 2 B6 )roduts................................................................................................

6ab&e 3 +,L ;re@uenies......................................................................................

6ab&e 4 ,#ort#and seed / siFe inor'ation...........................................................A

6ab&e Mobi&e ,tandards.....................................................................................1A

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History

Versi

on

Date Change(s !uthor Role

0.1 30/0A/

11

5nitia& rat. Ri#ard

,#e&&e$

6e#nia&

Mana(er

0.2 0/10/

11

Revised o&&owin( o''ents

ro' -.Rona&d

Ri#ard

,#e&&e$

6e#nia&

Mana(er

0.3 0?/11/

11

-dded itations to i'a(es Ri#ard

,#e&&e$

6e#nia&

Mana(er

0.4 13/12/

11

Revised or'attin( o&&owin(

review b$ 9ata&ia ,i&ver

Ri#ard

,#e&&e$

6e#nia&

Mana(er

!uthorisation for release

"n#i$i#ual Role !uthor

ity

!%%ro$

e#

Ri#ard

,#e&&e$

6e#nia&

Mana(er

-ut#or

Matt ,'it# Oerations

Mana(er

-rov

er

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Broa#ban# &$er$ie'

)e*uti$e +u,,aryBroadband is a ter' used to defne networ! data trans'ission over 'u&ti&e

disrete bands% or #anne&s. 6#ere is no seif defnition on w#at onstitutes

Gbroad7 it is si'&$ a o'arative ter' t#at diHerentiates ro' ot#er networ!

servies w#i# oHer &esser bandwidt# e.(. 5,9 w#i# oHers 2+ 4Ib #anne&s. 5n

t#e I broadband onnetions are used to rovide onsu'er7s onnetivit$ to

t#e 5nternet via an 5,)


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Te*hnology Deli$er

y

.e#iu,

"nternati

onal

+tan#ar#

+%ee# (Do'n

% .a)

.a) Range (*5

6,

$ .AA2.1

-,L2 6e&e#on

$

56

.AA2.

24Mb/s K 1. Mb/s 4I'

-,L2 -nne+ M 6e&e#on

$

56

.AA2.

-nne+ M

20Mb/s K 3 Mb/s 4I'

V,L2 6e&e#on

$

56

.AA3.2

100Mb/s K 100Mb/s 4I'

O8,5, 3.0 8oa+ia&8ab&e

O8,5,3.0

1.b/s K 10Mb/s 10I'

6#e above tab&e s#ows t#e t#eoretia& M-D seeds and distanes. 6#e 'a+i'u'

seeds redue @ui!&$ over distane or +,L roduts and are not avai&ab&e at

t#e 'a+i'u' distanes. Vir(in Media uses t#e O8,5, te#no&o($. B6 oHers

t#eir servies usin( derivatives o t#e above as Groduts7 t#at an be ur#ased

via t#eir w#o&esa&e ar'. 6#e brea!down o B6 roduts is s#own be&ow:

Table 2 BT 7ro#u*ts

8BC .a) 9.bs(!D+-1 or!D+-2

8BC .a) 24.bs(!D+-2 !nne)

!

8BC .a) .(!D+-2 !nne)

.

,L &inerate

-6Ma$&oadrate

,L &inerate

-6Ma$&oadrate

,L &inerate

-6Ma$&oadrate

Do'nstrea

, -ine+%ee#

-dative

2??>?12?!bit/s

-dative

2>320!bit/s

-dative2??>243?4!bit/s

-dative2>220?3!bit/s

-dative2??>243?4!bit/s

-dative2>220?3!bit/s

%strea,-ine +%ee#

448

-dative4>44?!bit/s

-dative>3A?!bit/s

-dative4>44?!bit/s

-dative>3A?!bit/s

9/- 9/-

%strea,-ine +%ee#uncapped

-dative4 !bit/s>unaed

-dative !bit/s>unaed


-dative !bit/s>unaed


-dative4 !bit/s >unaed

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Ho' #oes )D+- a*tually 'or usua&&$ B6.

5nstead o t#e e@ui'ent bein( in t#e *+#an(e t#e !it is t$ia&&$ &oated in astreet abinet. 6#is is (enera&&$ t#e ase or t#e #i(# seed de&o$'ents e.(.

V,L2.

#tt://www.oo'.or(.u!

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Figure 9 +- Diagra,=

"nsi#e the )*hange

6#e o&&owin( i'a(es s#ow t#e e@ui'ent 'entioned in revious setions t#at

an be ound in a t$ia& e+#an(e.

Figure @ .ain Distribution Fra,e (.DF >

6#e above i'a(e s#ows w#ere t#e oer wires are ter'inated wit#in an

e+#an(e.

#tt://www.oo'.or(.u!

#tt://www.!itF.o.u!

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Figure 10 D+-!. (Digital +ubs*riber -ine !**ess .o#ule 9

6#e above i'a(e s#ows t#e onentrated oer onnetions onneted to t#e&ine ards on a ,L-M. 6#e ,L-M ta!es 'u&ti&e oer &ines and onnets

t#e' to t#e ore networ!.

Figure 11 Fibre Ba*haul @

6#e above i'a(e s#ows t#e fbre onnetions w#i# arr$ t#e broadband data

ba! to t#eir ore networ!s


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Figure 12 FTTC Cabinet 10

6#e above i'a(e s#ows a B6 street abinet rovidin( V,L2 servies. 6#e &et

abinet ontains t#e V,L2 e@ui'ent and t#e ri(#t abinet rovides t#e ross>

onnet o t#e onsu'er oer &ines.

!n "+7s net'or

6#e 5,) is resonsib&e or de&iverin( t#e broadband servies to t#e onsu'er and

is t#eir ri'ar$ oint o ontat. 5,)s


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Figure 13 "+7 et'or 11

+o,e ,ore infor,ation on BTAs 21stCentury

et'or

B6 #as been u(radin( its ore networ! or so'e ti'e now under t#e banner o

2189. 6#is is a roess o re&ain( t#e -6M networ! wit# an *t#ernet based one

w#i# a&&ows voie and data to be #and&ed to(et#er and or 'ore servies and

roduts to be oHered b$ t#e w#o&esa&er. 6#e #i(# &eve& too&o($ is set out

be&ow.

11#tt://www.!itF.o.u!

)a(e 1=o 32


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Figure 14 BT 21C net'or 12

Figure 1; BT Core o#es 13



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Figure 1= BT 21C To%ology 14

&ther Te*hnology

+atellite

,ate&&ite based broadband oHers t#e best so&ution or t#e rea&&$ #ard to rea#areas. C#ere (eo(ra#$ resents diu&ties or &ine o si(#t or t#e nearest

a((re(ation oint is too ar or ot#er de&iver$ 'e#anis's" t#en sate&&ite

beo'es t#e best so&ution. 6#ere are severa& rob&e's wit# ,ate&&ite s$ste's

#owever:

u(e distane t#at data #as to trave& ti'e a&iations &i!e video

onerenin(% 'ovie strea'in(% (a'in(

8ost o insta&&ation P s$ste's ost 1007s to insta&&

Bandwidt# P t#e bandwidt# avai&ab&e is &i'ited t$ia&&$ around 10Mb/s

'a+ down&oad.

Ceat#er onditions an aHet t#e trans'ission o data wa$ and two>wa$" t#ese si'&$

defned w#et#er u&oad data is sent via sate&&ite or te&e#on$.


)a(e 19o 32
http://www.kitz.co.uk/adsl/images/21cn_topology.png


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Figure 1> &ne'ay satellite 1;

Figure 19 T'o'ay satellite 1=

1#tt://www.broadbandwat#do(.o.u!/sate&&ite>broadband.#

1#tt://in&ando'uterservies.o'/assets/i'a(es/toowa$>dia(ra'.(i

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Figure 1@ +atellite foot%rint 1>

.obile 7hone broa#ban#

6oda$ onsu'ers an aess t#e 5nternet usin( t#eir 'obi&e #one #andsets or a

Gdon(&e7


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Figure 20 3 #ongle

Figure 21 )a,%le of .obile Co,,s et'or 19

6#e 'ain issues wit# 'obi&e data o''uniations are:

)at#$ overa(e in rura& areas. 6#e overa(e or 2 is at#$ and t#e

situation or 3 is worse. 8overa(e issues are eseia&&$ rob&e'ati in

rura& areas. ;i(ure 22 s#ows t#e overa(e iture or 3 nationa&&$. -s an

be seen t#e overa(e aross t#e two ounties is sarse.

8aait$ P a&& a&&s in a e&& s#are t#e aait$ o t#at e&&% as 'ore ative

a&&s ta!e &ae t#e bandwidt# avai&ab&e de(rades.

1? #tt://www.sirent.o'/B&o(/Cire&ess/T/'edia/5'a(es/B&o(U20i'a(es/B&o(

U205'a(es/9etwor!>ia(ra'>40+42?.as#+w40W#42?Was1

)a(e 21o 32
http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.broadbandsuppliers.co.uk/uk-isp/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/DataJack-3G-Dongle-300x216.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.broadbandsuppliers.co.uk/uk-isp/datajack-stuns-the-broadband-world-with-an-unlimited-3g-dongle/&usg=__pGy7s8Yk0f6oR2q13ZX05erpSBU=&h=216&w=300&sz=10&hl=en&start=2&zoom=1&tbnid=aRhfbAgLDZwy4M:&tbnh=84&tbnw=116&ei=zwSLToLJFYPFtAbA852sAg&prev=/search%3Fq%3D3g%2Bdongle%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DN%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1


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6#rou(#ut P e+istin( networ!s do not oHer suient bandwidt#% 4

ro'ises t#is but t#e inrastruture is not $et in &ae or roven in t#e I.

Laten$ P t#e ti'e ta!en or t#e data to trave& via a 'obi&e networ! is

&on(er t#an t#at or f+ed &ine so&utions. 6#is an i'at on t#e abi&it$ to

oHer so'e Grea& ti'e7 servies su# as video onerenin( and on&ine(a'in(. Qua&it$ o servie (uarantees an 'iti(ate t#is to so'e de(ree

but 'obi&e o''uniations suHer 'ore ro' &aten$ t#an a f+ed &ine

e@uiva&ent.

Figure 22 3 *o$erage 1@

8iFi

Ci;i rovides data trans'ission over t#e air usin( seif re@uen$ ran(es.Most o us are a'i&iar wit# t#is in t#e #o'e via wire&ess routers oeratin( usin(

t#e ?02.11 standards% or e+a'&e ?02.11b routers rovide s#ort ran(e

onnetions at u to 11Mb/s in t#e 2.4#F ran(e% ?02.11( is an en#ane'ent

oHerin( u to 4Mb/s over t#e sa'e re@uenies.

5n t#e onte+t o broadband Ci;i an oHer onnetivit$ to 'ore re'ote users as

it is not deendent on #$sia& onnetivit$. ;or rura& broadband diHerent Ci;i

te#no&o($ an be de&o$ed su# as CiM-D. CiM-D is anot#er standardised

te#no&o($


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o si(#t wit# direted antenna= or &oa& servie rovision in non>&ine o si(#t

'ode. 6#e i&&ustration be&ow s#ows #ow CiM-D an be used or rura& broadband.

6#e 'ain issues or wire&ess are:

8onern over radio re@uen$ usa(e and #ea&t#% a&t#ou(# t#is is not

seifa&&$ re&ated to wire&ess ot#er t#an its use inside t#e #o'e ands#oo&s.

5'at o 'asts on t#e rura& &andsae P reuse o e+istin( 'asts and

re'ises an #e&

Bandwidt# is s#ared b$ a&& users in t#e 'ast overa(e area

ettin( suient bandwidt# to t#e 'ast to rovide ade@uate aait$

Bandwidt# is t$ia&&$ &ower t#an ot#er te#no&o(ies

6#ere an be issues wit# &ine>o>si(#t and si(na& de(radation / enetration

5nsta&&ation osts are #eaer t#an sate&&ite s$ste's

8overa(e is (enera&&$ (ood in ter's o area and t#ere are no wires to &a$

to t#e onsu'er

5&&ustration on&$ > not to sa&e

Figure 23 8i.! in o%eration 20

20#tt://stati.#owstuHwor!s.o'/(i/wi'a+>dia(ra'.(i

)a(e 23o 32


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FTT() Fibre to the (o#e (Cabinet

(Buil#ing (Ho,e

6#ere are a nu'ber o de&o$'ent otions t#at an be i'&e'ented t#at uti&ise

fbre oti de&iver$% o&&etive&$ !nown as ;66+. 6#ese diHer in t#e oints to

w#i# t#e$ de&iver as an be seen be&ow:

Figure 24 FTT) #e%loy,ents 21

-s t#e fbre rea#es urt#er toward t#e onsu'er t#e seed and bandwidt#

avai&ab&e inreases as t#e neessit$ or oer &in!s beo'es &ess and &ess. 6#e

!e$ beneft o fbre is t#e inreased bandwidt# and distane t#at t#e data

trans'issions an be de&ivered over to>oint uti&isesa dediated sin(&e fbre between soure and destination w#ereas oint>to>

'u&tioint uses so'e or' o s&itter to a&&ow a sin(&e fbre to de&iver to 'u&ti&e

tar(ets


26/32


Re@uires e+tensive (round wor!s P dutin(% tren#es% new abinets et.


27/32


Figure 2> Blo'n /bre 24

6#e above i'a(e


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6#e dia(ra's be&ow o 32
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PON_vs_AON.png


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Figure 30 7& e)a,%le 2>

2#tt://www.ui!ura.o.u!/i'a(es/fbreNassiveNon.(

)a(e 29o 32


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Figure 31 7& )a,%le 29

Con*lusion

5n on&usion broadband is a te#nia&&$ #a&&en(in( and o'&e+ environ'ent.

5n order to rovide t#e best ossib&e overa(e and seed% in t#e 'ost osteHetive 'anner% it is robab&e t#at a 'i+ture o t#e te#no&o(ies i&&ustrated

above 'a$ be used.

2?#tt://www.te!te&.o'.au/i'a(es/tt>(on.(

)a(e 2@o 32


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&ossar$

21CN - 21st Century Network

BT's next generation network, which is being rolled out between 2007 and 2012

2!"#!"$! % &obile Counications (tandards

!rou) o* technologies o**ering obile counications, the +! re*ers to thegeneration

.(/ - syetric .igital (ubscriber /ine

This is the ost coon way in which broadband is deliered in the

.(l23 - syetric .igital (ubscriber /ine, ersion 23

*or o* .(/ o**ering u) to 2$&b)s downloads, and u) to 24&b)s u)strea 5*or

the nnex & ersion6

- ggregation oint

The )oint at which broadband"oice tra**ic *ro ulti)le exchanges is aggregated in

to a single )oint, ready *or hand-o** to a C

C - Counications roider

BT's terinology *or an 8(.8 - .ee) acket 8ns)ection

The )rocess by which a tra**ic analyser will look beyond the )acket headers and down

in to the )acket )ayload in order to deterine the ty)e o* tra**ic or other

characteristics

.(/& - .igital (ubscriber /ine ccess &ulti)lexer

The deice installed in tele)hone exchanges that terinates co))er )airs to )roide

x.(/ connections (u)erseded in 21CN by &(Ns

9 - 9xtension ath

The link between the s and the &(8/s

9T:9;N9T % acket based network technology 8999


32/32


The BT >)enreach )roduct that allows 8(s to install their own e?ui)ent in

tele)hone exchanges and @ust use the co))er )air to )reises

&(N - &ulti (erice ccess Node

single )iece o* e?ui)ent installed into exchanges that can )roide tele)hony,

8(.N and x.(/ all in one )ackage

&(8/ - &ulti (erice 8nterconnect /ink new *or o* 9thernet backhaul *or 21CN technologies ()eeds aailable at u) to

1!b)s at )resent, with 10!b)s in the )i)eline

N!N - Next !eneration Network

The generic nae gien to a new breed to counications networks

> - oint o* resence

site in which a counications )roider hosts e?ui)ent *or terinating

connections

>T( % lain >ld Tele)hone (yste

o( - uality o* (erice

easure o* how good the serice on a broadband connection is &ost o(

i)leentations allow you to de*ine di**erent )riorities *or di**erent ty)es o* tra**ic5eg Deb, Eo8, eail6

(.(/ - (yetric .igital (ubscriber /ine

.(/ serice in which the u)strea and downstrea channels o)erate at the sae

s)eed

Eo8 - Eoice oer 8

The generic nae gien to tele)hony serices that counicate using 8 rather than

the old (TN

E - Eirtual ath

irtual link o* a )rede*ined ca)acity carrying broadband tra**ic *ro the .(/& in

the tele)hone exchange back to the BT network

DBBC - Dholesale Broadband Connect 5old nae6

crony re)laced by DBC, since DBBC led to con*usion with the BBC

DBC - Dholesale Broadband Connect

BT's new wholesale broadband )roduct, o**ering .(/23 and o( serices

nationally

DBCC - Dholesale Broadband Connect Conerged

cobined oice and broadband )roduct based u)on DBC

DB&C - Dholesale Broadband &anaged Connect

n end-to-end ersion o* DBC that si)li*ies anageent by handling tra**ic *ro

all ggregation oints

DC - Dholesale Conerged ccess 5old nae6roduct renaed and acrony subse?uently changed to DBCC

broadband overview

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