broadcasting for mobile receivers
DESCRIPTION
Broadcasting for mobile receivers. Highlight of Current Activities (1). to slide 8,9. Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Broadcasting for mobile receivers
DOCUMENT #: GSC14-GRSC7-009R1
FOR: Information
SOURCE: ARIB
AGENDA ITEM: 4.2 Mobile Multimedia Broadcast & Multicast
CONTACT(S): [email protected]
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Highlight of Current Activities (1)
• Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan– On December 1, 2003, Japan launched Digital Terrestrial
Television Broadcasting (DTTB) using the Integrated Service Digital Broadcasting - Terrestrial (ISDB-T) transmission system.
– ISDB-T is recommended in Rec. ITU-R BT.1306. – ISDB-T is robust transmission system because it uses OFDM
and time interleaving.• One-Seg
– One-segment services for mobile receivers (called “One-Seg”) can be provided simultaneously with one 6MHz TV channel, in addition to HDTV (or multi-channel SDTV).
– On April 1, 2006, One-Seg services began in Japan.– More than 55 million One-Seg receivers have been shipped so
far.– Various kinds of One-Seg receivers are available on the market.– One-Seg is provided free of charge.
2
to slide 8,9
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Highlight of Current Activities (2)
• BST-OFDM technology– NHK developed the Band Segmented Transmission OFDM (BST-
OFDM) technology for ISDB-T in 1996.– ISDB-T consists of 13 OFDM segments.– The system supports hierarchical transmissions of up to three
layers, and parameters can be changed in each layers.– Typically we use two layers. One is a layer for HDTV with 12
segments using 64QAM, and the other is a layer for One-Seg with 1 segment using QPSK.
– Example of Information bit rate is 16.851Mbps (for HDTV) and 416kbps (for One-Seg).
• Features of One-Seg– Not only video & audio, but data, closed caption, and Electric
Program Guide (EPG) are transmitted in One-Seg.– One-Seg is a new medium that realizes the convergence of
broadcasting & communications on the mobile terminal.
3
to slide 10,11
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Strategic Direction• Termination of Analog TV services
– Plans call for digital terrestrial broadcasting to reach all homes in Japan by July 2011.
– By July 2011, both analog terrestrial and satellite broadcasting are scheduled to be terminated.
– At this point, Japan will have completed the transition to all-digital TV broadcasting.
• Digital Radio– Digital terrestrial radio (DR) test transmission started in October
2003.– Programs are transmitted by the Digital Radio Promotion Association
(DRP), a licensed broadcasting corporation run jointly by NHK and several commercial radio stations or other companies.
– DR uses a vacant VHF TV channel (CH-7) for the test transmission.– ISDB-TSB (Sound Broadcasting) transmission system is adopted for
DR.
4
to slide 12,13
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Challenges• Recent topics in One-Seg
– Independent program serviceIt is possible to broadcast independent program (non-simultaneous program to 12 segments) service in One-Seg from April 2008 by legal changes.NTV started to broadcast independent One-Seg test service for sports programs.NHK started independent One-Seg service using educational channel in April 2009.
– Multi-channel service It is possible to send up to 3 programs in One-Seg.TOKYO MX started 2 programs One-Seg service when they broadcast multi-channel service in June 2008.
• Research & Development in One-Seg– NHK has been developing Connected One-Seg Re-transmission
System.– NHK has been developing automatic activation of One-Seg
receivers by the EWS (Emergency Warning broadcast System) . (See slide 17, 18)
5
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Next Steps/Actions• VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination
– Frequency bandwidth for terrestrial television will be reduced from 370MHz to 240MHz.
– VHF Low (18MHz) & VHF High (14.5MHz) will be allocated for non-TV broadcasting services. (e.g., Mobile Multimedia broadcasting)
• Mobile Multimedia broadcasting– There’s a chance to start new multimedia broadcasting services for mobile receivers
with VHF Low & VHF High. – VHF Low will be used for Digital Radio broadcasting for local block area and Digital
community broadcasting for small area. – ISDB-TSB is now under consideration for new services. – VHF High will be used for a new nationwide area multimedia service. And ISDB-Tmm
(Mobile Multimedia) is now under development for it’s services.– One-Seg, ISDB-TSB, and ISDB-Tmm are all ISDB-T family that introduce the BST-OFDM
technology. – It is necessary to fix the organizations that will provide new services by the middle
of 2010 to start broadcasting after July 2011.– ARIB is now preparing for the new services for multimedia broadcasting.
6
to slide 14,15
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Supplemental Slides
7
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 8
Shipments of receivers- Digital Terrestrial TV in Japan / One-Seg -
million
Digital terrestrial broadcasting12/2003
4/2006One-Seg service
*1 Digital television + Terrestrial digital tuner + Cable digital STB ( Total number of Television: about 117 million, 7/2008 )
Shipments of receivers of Digital terrestrial broadcasting & Mobile phone with One-Seg tuner
*2 Mobile phone with One-Seg tuner ( Total number of Mobile phone: 107 million, 4/2009 )
Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association, NHK
More than 50 million
One-seg receivers
4/2009 One-Seg
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
One-Seg receivers- Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan / One-Seg -
9
Mobile Phones
Portable Games
PCs with One-Seg
Car Navigators
Portable Dictionary
Portable Players
USB type One-Seg tuners(From Homepage)
to slide 3
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 10
13 Segments , Channel Bandwidth : 5.57MHz
On-air program
Data service
12 Segments
1 Segment
HDTV
64QAMFEC = 3/4
(16.851Mbps)
12 Segs 1 Seg
QPSKFEC = 2/3 (416kbps)
(6/14 MHz)
12 Segments & 1 Segment (ISDB-T) - BST-OFDM technology / Features of One-Seg -
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 11
Watching TV program and reading data on TV
Watch TV InternetTV & InternetTV & Data
BML
Broadcasting station
BML
Watching TV program on full screen
Watching TV program and reading data on the
Internet
Viewing or reading on the Internet
Broadcasting station
Broadcasting CommunicationsConvergence
to slide 4
BML, HTML
Convergence of Broadcasting & Communications
- BST-OFDM technology / Features of One-Seg -
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 12
Ter
rest
rial
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20122011
Sat
ellit
e
Analog SD
Digital12/2003
4/2006One-Seg
Analog SD
Analog HDwas over9/2007
12/2000Digital
Digital Radio 10/2003Test transmission
24/7/2011
will be over7/2011
will be over7/2011
Timeline of Digital Broadcasting services- Termination of Analog TV services / Digital Radio -
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
ISDB-TSB (Digital Radio)- Termination of Analog TV services / Digital Radio -
13
13 Segments , Channel Bandwidth : 5.57MHz
ハイビジョン Video ※
Data service
1 Segment
1 Seg
QPSKFEC = 2/3, GI = 1/16
(440kbps)
TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 TS6 TS7 TS8 TS9 TS10 TS11 TS12 TS13
3 Segments
TS1 TS2
Image
※ NHK started video services in July 2008.
ISDB-TSB
(Sound Broadcasting)
1 & 3 Segments are used in ISDB-TSB
Digital Radio test transmissionstarted in 10/2003
(8 segments, VHF 7ch)
to slide 5
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Rearrangement of VHF/UHF- VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination -
14
Analog TVBroadcasting
90-108MHz1 ~ 3ch
170-222MHz4 ~ 12ch
470-770MHz13 ~ 62ch
18MHz 52MHz 300MHz
18MHz 32.5MHz 240MHz14.5MHz 10MHz 40MHz
GB 5MHz GB 5MHz
470-710MHz13 ~ 52ch 730-770MHz715-725MHz90-108MHz 170-202.5MHz207.5-222MHz
( GB 5MHz )
Now Analog TVBroadcasting
Analog TV BroadcastingDigital TV Broadcasting
FuturePlan
Digital TV Broadcasting(1)-a (2) (1)-b (3) (4)
(1) Non TV Broadcasting (2) Private Telecommunication (Protection against disasters, etc)(3) Intelligent Transport Systems (4) Telecommunications
Schedule plan(1) (2) after July 25, 2011(3) (4) after July 25, 2012
(VHF Low) (VHF High)
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Rearrangement of VHF/UHF- VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination -
15
18MHz 14.5MHz
FuturePlan
Digital TV Broadcasting(1)-a (2) (1)-b (3) (4)
(VHF Low) (VHF High)
(1)-a Digital Radio broadcasting for Local block area & Digital community broadcasting for small area
(1)-b Multimedia broadcasting for Nationwide area⇒ ISDB-Tmm, MediaFLO
⇒ ISDB-TSB (advanced)
Digital Radio test transmission Digital Radio test transmission
Terrestrial Analog TV broadcasting Terrestrial Analog TV broadcasting
2008 20132009 2010 2011 2012
Telecommunications Council Report
License policy
Selection of corporations
Multimedia BroadcastingARIB Standard, Technical Report
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Rearrangement of VHF/UHF- VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination -
16
to slide 6
・ The Telecommunication Council is examining the technical condition of multimedia broadcasting that will use VHF Low & High.
・ VHF Low will be used for Digital Radio broadcasting for local block area and Digital community broadcasting for small area.
・ VHF High will be used for nationwide area.
・ In February, 2008, 17 companies or corporations (NHK, TOKYO FM, TBS R & C, FM OSAKA, FM802, Nippon Broadcasting System, etc) established the organization "VL-P ". (More than 110 organizations join "VL-P " now.)・ "VL-P " aims at drafting of ARIB Technical report and clarification of service image.
・ The difference of Digital Radio (which is now broadcasted as a test) and Digital Radio (which will be broadcasted) is as follows. 30fps Video (QVGA, MPEG-4 AVC/H.264) 5.1 surround Audio Multi-channel programs Contents download, etc
・ There is a subject to clear sharing condition with Analog FM Radio (76-90MHz).
・ It is necessary to fix the organizations that will provide new services by the middle of 2010 to start broadcasting after July 2011.
An image of VHF Low service
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 17
Connected One-Seg Re-transmission System- Research & Development in One-Seg -
・ NHK developed a "connected One-Seg re-transmission system" that extracts One-Seg signals from the digital terrestrial broadcast-waves received from individual broadcasters and combines them into a single signal for re-transmission over a channel that is different from any of the receiving channels. ・ A maximum of thirteen One-Seg signals can be re-transmitted. It will be possible to offer community broadcasting localized to a particular area for re-transmission, in addition to One-Seg services from every broadcaster.
ch1
Connected One-Seg re-transmission system
Combines only One-Seg signals
ch9 ch10 ch11 ch12 ch13ch8ch4 ch6ch1 ch3 ch5
6MHz
ch7
Air
Re-transmission
Frequency
aboveground
underground
ch2
ch2 ch3 ch4 ch5 ch7 ch8ISDB-T
Community One-Seg signals
ch6
ch9-13
Frequency
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 18
Automatic Activation of Receivers by EWS- Research & Development in One-Seg -
・ Among the 432 carriers used for One-Seg service, four carriers transmit the activation flag for emergency warning broadcasting. Increasing this to all four carriers, from the previously used two carriers that transmitted the activation flag signal, improved reception sensitivity without increasing power consumption. ・ NHK will work toward the actual implementation of One-Seg and radio receiver with the EWS reception function.
・ The EWS (Emergency Warning broadcast System) automatically activates receivers when a disaster happens, such as an earthquake or Tsunami.・ NHK developed EWS compatible adaptor that can be connected to a One-Seg receiver.・ The low power consumption achieved by performing intermittent reception of the One-Seg activation flag, which is transmitted approximately every 0.2 seconds, showed the prospect of continuous standby operation for about two weeks without recharging.
Prototype of EWS adaptor
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 19
12 Segments 1 segment
Mode Mode 3 Mode 3
Reception Fixed (Mobile) Mobile
Modulation 64QAM QPSK
Code ratio 3/4 2/3
Guard interval 1/8 (126 s) 1/8 (126 s)
Bit rate 16.851Mbps 416kbps 1※
Video coding MPEG-2 (30fps) H.264 (15fps)16:9(320×180), 4:3(320×240)
Audio coding MPEG-2 AAC MPEG-2 AAC+SBR 2※
Data broadcasting BML (XHTML) A Profile BML (XHTML) C Profile
Electric Program GuideOK
(Now + Next + 8days)OK
(Now + Next + 8programs)
Closed caption OK OK
Copy control Yes Yes
CAS Yes No
Example parameters for digital terrestrial television broadcasting
※2 Spectral Band Replication
※1 Example: Video (224kbps), Audio (55kbps), Data (80kbps), Closed caption (5kbps), EPG (20kbps), Control (32kbps)
12 Segments & 1 Segment (ISDB-T) - BST-OFDM technology -
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 20
Video coding
Audio coding
Data/ EPG coding
Video
Audio
Data/EPG
12 segs
Video coding
Audio coding
Data/ EPG coding
Video
Audio
Data/EPG
1 seg
Mul
tiple
Con
ditio
nal A
cces
s
Source coding
TS
Re-
Mux
Out
er c
ode
(RS
)
Hie
rarc
hica
l sep
arat
ion
Ene
rgy
disp
ers
al
Del
ay c
ompe
nsat
ion
Byt
e in
terle
ave
Inn
er c
od
e
Bit
inte
rle
ave
Ma
pp
ing
Ene
rgy
disp
ers
al
Byt
e in
terle
ave
Inn
er c
od
e
Bit
inte
rle
ave
Ma
pp
ing
Del
ay c
ompe
nsat
ion
12 segs
1 seg
Laye
r sy
nthe
sis
& r
ate
conv
ersi
on
Tim
e in
terle
ave
Fre
quen
cy in
terle
ave
IFF
T
Gua
rd in
terv
al a
dditi
on
D/A
Up
conv
erte
r
Pow
er A
mp
Ant
enna
OF
DM
fram
e co
nfig
urat
ion
Pilot
TMCC
Aux channel
Channel coding
1 seg
12 segs
Source coding
Configuration of Digital transmission - BST-OFDM technology -
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 21
Transmission Parameter Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3
No. of OFDM segments 13
Bandwidth 5.575 MHz 5.573 MHz 5.572 MHz
Carrier interval 3.968 kHz 1.984 kHz 0.992 kHz
No. of carriers 1405 2809 5617
Modulation system QPSK , 16QAM , 64QAM , DQPSK
Effective symbol length 252 s 504 s 1.008 ms
Guard-interval length 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 of effective symbol length
No. of symbols per frame 204
Time interleave Maximum 4 values: 0, about 0.13, 0.25, 0.5 sec
Frequency interleave Intra-segment or inter-segment interleaving
Inner code Convolutional coding (1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8)
Outer code RS (204, 188)
Information bit rate 3.65 Mpbs - 23.23 Mbps
Hierarchical transmission Maximum 3 levels
Basic transmission parameters for terrestrial digital television broadcasting
Basic transmission parameters
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 22
ARIB Standards and ITU-R Recommendations for ISDB-T
ARIB Standards, ITU-R Recommendations
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
Digital Radio- Digital Radio -
23
Tokyo area
DRP homepage
Osaka area
Digital Terrestrial Radio test transmission started in October 2003, using a vacant VHF TV channel (CH-7). Programs are transmitted by the Digital Radio Promotion Association (DRP), a licensed broadcasting corporation run jointly by NHK and several commercial radio stations or other companies.Digital Radio uses BST-OFDM technology (ISDB-TSB). It is possible to send up to 13 independent programs including video and data in 6MHz. ISDB-TSB is recommended in ITU-R BS.1114.
2.4kW 240W
Digital Radio receiver (KDDI)(About 1.8 million receivers, 6/2008)
Audio Video Data EPG etc
36kbps 36kbps 36kbps 36kbps
Main
Main + Sub3
144bps 180kbps 64kbps 52kbps
180kbps 64kbps 52kbps
Main Sub1 Sub2 Sub3
< Example parameters of Digital Radio >
440kbps
440kbps
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 24
Transmission Parameter Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3
OFDM segments 1 Seg 3 Segs 1 Seg 3 Segs 1 Seg 3 Segs
Bandwidth 432.5kHz 1.289MHz430.5kH
z1.287MHz 429.5kHz 1.286 MHz
Carrier interval 3.968 kHz 1.984 kHz 0.992 kHz
No. of carriers 109 325 216 649 433 1297
Modulation system QPSK , 16QAM , 64QAM , DQPSK
Effective symbol length 252 s 504 s 1.008 ms
Guard-interval length 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 of effective symbol length
No. of symbols per frame 204
Time interleave Maximum 5 values
Frequency interleave Intra-segment (or inter-segment: 3Segs) interleaving
Inner code Convolutional coding (1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8)
Outer code RS (204, 188)
Information bit rate 280.85 kpbs – 5.361 kbps
Hierarchical transmission Maximum 2 levels
Basic transmission parameters for terrestrial digital radio broadcasting
Basic transmission parameters (ISDB-TSB)
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009 25
Transmission Parameter Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3
OFDM segments 13 to 33#1 segments
Bandwidth 6000 / 14 * n +38.48 kHz
Carrier interval 3.968 kHz 1.984 kHz 0.992 kHz
No. of carriers 108 * n +1 216 * n + 1 432 * n + 1
Modulation system QPSK , 16QAM , 64QAM , DQPSK
Effective symbol length 252 s 504 s 1.008 ms
Guard-interval length 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 of effective symbol length
No. of symbols per frame 204
Time interleave Maximum 4 values
Frequency interleave Intra-segment (or inter-segment: 13Segs) interleaving
Inner code Convolution coding (1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8)
Outer code RS (204, 188)
Information bit rate 280.85* n kbps – 1475.5 * n kbps
Hierarchical transmission Maximum 3 levels for 13 segment part
Basic transmission parameters for terrestrial multimedia broadcasting
Basic transmission parameters (ISDB-Tmm)
n : number of segment#1: case of Japan
Geneva, 13-16 July 2009
ISDB-T mm (mobile multimedia) system
13 segment part
1 segment part
ISDB-Tmm transmission signal
13 to 33 segment , Channel Bandwidth : 6000 / 14 * n +38.48 kHz
Example of the ISDB-Tmm compliant receivers with ISDB-T (13 segment) and ISDB-Tsb (1 segment ) demodulator. Partial reception of 13 seg part or 1 seg part Multi-Channel real-time and non real time services such as audio / video clips, e-books, etc.