building a safer battery - haas school of businessc2m symposium 2014. the battery value chain is...

Building a Safer Battery Preventing Lithium-Ion Battery Overcharge

Presenter

Presentation Notes

“Take out your smartphones!”

Building a Safer Battery C2M Symposium 2014

Tesla Fires in 2013…


…Eroded Market Cap, Lawsuits Followed

0

50

100

150

200

250

18 23 28 03 08 13 18 23 28 02 07 12 17 22 27Source: Yahoo Finance

Oct 02 Fire 1

Oct 28 Fire 2

Nov 07 Fire 3

Tesla Stock Price

Day

Pric

e


In Transportation, Safety Makes Headlines

WSJ

Toyota’s Recall Costs Could Top $5 Billion

WSJ

Toyota in $1.1 Billion Gas-Pedal Settlement

Bloomberg

GM Sued for $10 Billion Over Losses on 27 Million Cars

Presenter

Presentation Notes

fonts?


Safety Matters Our overcharge

protection solution

= Safety

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Fonts?


Three Key Takeaways

Innovative battery safety technology

Large, growing market

Demand for safety = customers willing to pay


Part 1:





Anatomy of a Battery

Presenter

Presentation Notes

(So as Noah mentioned)…you’ve all seen batteries, but you don’t all necessarily stop to think about what’s inside them most of the time.


Anatomy of a Battery

cathode anode

current collectors

separator

electrolyte

Presenter

Presentation Notes

All batteries contain the same basic components – two electrodes, the anode and the cathode, two current collectors, and a separator between the two electrodes. The separator is very important, because it keeps the electrodes from touching each other and causing a short circuit. Electricity is forced to take the long way around, which is how we are able to power our devices.


Charging a Battery Should Be Safe…

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Obviously, we need to be able to recharge our batteries and our devices – can you imagine a smartphone that you had to throw away after a few days? But if batteries aren’t properly protected, they can overcharge – this means that the battery exceeds a safe voltage for a period of time.


…But Batteries Can Also Overcharge

Uh oh.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

But they can also lead to lots of less-catastrophic damage that reduce the overall health of the battery.


…But Batteries Can Also Overcharge

Uh oh.

BIG uh oh.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

These overcharge events can lead to really big catastrophes, such as fires and explosions.


Our Technology Can Prevent Battery Overcharging

10 µm

Presenter

Presentation Notes

When a cell is charging normally, the separator acts as an insulator. However, when the voltage exceeds a safe level and the cell begins to overcharge, our separator reversibly oxidizes, becoming conductive. This provides a place for the excess current to go and allows other nearby cells to keep charging. Another feature is that this is reversible, and it works on a very fast time scale, meaning it can prevent damage from even very short overcharging events


charging

overcharging


Presenter

Presentation Notes

When a cell is charging normally, the separator acts as an insulator. However, when the voltage exceeds a safe level and the cell begins to overcharge, our separator reversibly oxidizes, becoming conductive. This provides a place for the excess current to go and allows other nearby cells to keep charging. Another feature is that this is reversible, and it works on a very fast time scale, meaning it can prevent damage from even very short overcharging events


charging

overcharging


Presenter

Presentation Notes

Another feature is that this is reversible, and it works on a very fast time scale, meaning it can prevent damage from even very short overcharging events, leading batteries made with this technology to be safer and last longer.


current technology our innovation

Reversible

Response time

Tied to electrical system


Cost

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Our technology is a new kind of battery separator – one that not only insulates the anode and the cathode from each other, but that also protects against overcharge. It works by using an electroactive polymer that oxidizes at exactly the “overcharge” voltage.


Part 2:





$ 7 6 . 4 B n .

Consumer 24%

Grid & Industrial

46%

Automotive 30%

$17.6 Bn.

Consumer 60%

Grid & Industrial

15%

Automotive 18%

Lithium-ion Batteries: Market Evolution

2013 Consumer applications driven by High capacity-Low size batteries

2020 Industrial & Automotive applications driven by Durable and Efficient batteries

CAGR = 23.3%

Separator Market = 12% of Battery Market


Consumer Acceptance

BATTERY COST

Life

= 2

to 5

Yrs

.

Battery Cost – $ 20-200

Consumer Applications

Grid & Industrial Applications

Battery Cost – More Than $20 K

Life

= M

ore

Than

10 Y

rs.

Willingness To Pay Increases when Battery is Costly and Life is High

Automobile Applications

Life

= 5

to 10

Yrs

.

Battery Cost – $ 5-20 K


Part 3:





The Battery Value Chain Is Complex

RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS

BATTERY COMPONENT

MANU-FACTURERS

CELL MANU-FACTURERS

BATTERY PACK ASSEMBLERS

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

DESIGNERS END USERS

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Companies that are manufacturing separators are chemical companies. Our best fit here would be a company that is willing to invest to develop a new product it could sell to cell manufacturers This would most likely imply licensing our technology


Separator & Cell Manufacturers Will Be Our Customers


BATTERY COMPONENT

MANU-FACTURERS


ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

DESIGNERS END USERS CELL MANU-

FACTURERS

Presenter

Presentation Notes



End Users Will Be Our Marketing Target

We influence

here

Impose safety specification in Requests for Proposal


BATTERY COMPONENT

MANU-FACTURERS


ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

DESIGNERS END USERS CELL MANU-

FACTURERS

Presenter

Presentation Notes



Battery Cell Cost

Current Cost

Cost Analysis

Approx. $500/kWh

Other Cell Costs

(61%)

Processing Cost (22%)

Material Cost (17%)


Other Cell Costs

(61%)

Battery Cell Cost

Current Cost

Processing Cost (22%)

Cost Analysis

Battery Mgmt

System Cost

Material Cost (17%)

- Overcharge Protection Unit - Current/Voltage Sensing - Module Control - Thermal Mgmt


Material Cost

Other Cell Costs

Other Cell Costs

Processing Cost

New Cost Current Cost

Cost Analysis

Battery Mgmt

System Cost

Battery Cell Cost

Potentially Replace

Part of BMS

Overcharge Protection Unit

Material Cost

Other Cell Costs

Processing Cost

BMS Cost Other

BMS Costs


Path to Market

Lab-scale Technology

Growing Market

How to Deliver?

Speed to Market Cost to Market

Start-up

Licensing


Next Steps

Enhance sales position: More cost / performance data

Non-dilutive capital: Government:

Non-recurring engineering projects:


In Conclusion…





Thank You!

Cleantech to Market Team

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Louis Raynaud MBA 2015

Takahiro Tanaka (Team Lead) MBA 2015

Noah Deich MBA 2015

Rohit Abraham MBA 2015

Leah Rubin PhD Chemistry

Latisha Paw U PhD Chemistry

Dr. Guoying Chen Staff Scientist


Appendix


Electrospinning Set-up


Dipping method


Additional Materials

Product Function Process Price Company Source

poly(3-butylthiophene)

electroactive polymer

both $90/g Rieke Metals Rieke

polyethylene oxide inert polymer electrospinning $290-330/kg Sigma Alrich,

Acros Organics Website,

Sci Finder

polyvinylidene difluoride inert polymer electrospinning $70-80/kg Alfa Aesar Sci Finder

chloroform solvent both $10-30/L

Alfa Aesar, Aggregated,

Cresent Chemical, Spectrum Chemical

Website, Sci Finder

dimethyl-formamide solvent both $10-20/L AAPPTec Chemical,

Acros Organics, Spectrum Chemical

Sci Finder


BMS Cost Information

MicroHEV HEV-HP PHEV & EV

Current and Voltage Sensing ($) 40 70 100

Module Controls ($/module) 10 10 20

Disconnect Units

Auto Disconnect ($) 50 70 200

Manual Disconnect ($) 15 15 15

Thermal Management System

Baseline Thermal System ($) 30 80 120

Additions to AC System ($/kW) 40 40 40

Heating System ($/kW) 20 20 20

Source: P.A. Nelson, K.G. Gallagher, I. Bloom, and D.W. Dees, “Modeling the Performance and Cost of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric-Drive Vehicles,” Argonne National Laboratory


-7.00%

-6.00%

-5.00%

-4.00%

-3.00%

-2.00%

-1.00%

0.00%

1.00%

2.00%

-10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Pric

e C

hang

e 20

13-2

0

CAGR 2013 -20 Automotive

Industrial

Intensity of Competition

Lithium-ion Batteries: Market Landscape

Highly Price Sensitive

Highly Competitive

High Customer Loyalty

Very Sensitive To Technical Changes

Consumer

Grid

Source: Analysis of the Global Lithium-ion Battery Market: Growth Opportunities and Market Outlook, Vishal Sapru, Frost & Sullivan, 10 Jun 2014


Automobile Industry

Eroded 45% of Market Cap + $1.1Bn. In Settlements

Toyota’s Faulty Gas Pedal


Automobile Lithium-ion Battery Separator Market Size & Outlook

Market Size CAGR = 53% $ 87 M $ 782 M

9X Growth

2014

2020

Source: Global analysis of Electric Vehicle Lithium-ion battery chemicals and materials market, Camilo Castaneda, Frost & Sullivan, 19 May 2014

Price Outlook Stable

Competition Moderate – 8 Players

Customer Loyalty High

Technical Change Moderate


Pain point

Automobile Applications Miles Per Charge Price Per KWH Life

Grid Based Applications

Life Price Per KWH

Consumer Applications Hours Per Charge Price Per KWH Size

Industrial Applications Life Price Per KWH

building a safer battery - haas school of businessc2m symposium 2014. the battery value chain is...

Documents