building regs document j

7/29/2019 Building Regs Document J

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The Building Regulations 2010

J1 Airsupply

J2 DischargeofproductsofcombustionJ3 Warningofreleaseofcarbonmonoxide

J4 Protectionofbuilding

J5 Provisionofinformation

J6 Protectionofliquidfuelstoragesystems

J7 Protectionagainstpollution

JAPPROVED DOCUMENTCombustion appliances andfuel storage systems

2010

ed

ition

inco

rporating

furthe

r

2010

amen

dments

O N L I N E V E R S I O N

O N L I N E V E R S I NN


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MAIN CHANGES IN THE

2004 EDITION

Section 1

New guidance has been included for access forvisual inspection of concealed flues. This shouldensure that flues can be properly inspected both

when an appliance is first commissioned andsubsequently serviced.

Section 2

Guidance has been included in support of a newrequirement J3 Warning of release of carbonmonoxide on the provision of carbon monoxidealarms where solid fuel appliances are installed.

The provisions for flue outlet clearances relativeto adjacent pitched roofs have been clarified inDiagram 17.

The guidance on the provision of hearths and

wall clearances for solid fuel appliances havebeen made more flexible to take account of theavailability of modern appliances.

Section 2, 3 & 4

The guidance for permanent ventilation openingsfor open flued appliances in very airtight houses(those with a design air permeability less than orequal to 5.0 m3/(h.m2)) have been increased tocounteract the decrease in adventitious ventilationrelative to older houses. Appendix F gives adviceon assessing the air permeability of older housesin relation to this guidance.

Section 4

This section now explicitly includes liquid biofueland blends on mineral oil and liquid biofuelwithin the scope of combustion installationsdesigned to burn oil.

Section 5

The guidance on identifying where secondarycontainment for oil tanks is necessary has beenexpanded to include locations in inner protectionzone as shown on the Environment Agencysgroundwater sources map.

Appendix G

This informative appendix provides andexplanationof the European designation system for certain flueand chimney products.

Main changes made by the

2010 amendmentsThis 2010 edition, incorporating the further 2010amendments reects the changes made as a resultof the Building Regulations 2010 and Building(Approved inspector etc) Regulations 2010. Thechanges mainly reect regulation number changes

as a result of re-ordering. There have been noamendments to the substantive requirementsin Schedule 1 (i.e. Parts A to P) of the BuildingRegulations.

Please note the simplication of the denition ofroom for residential purposes in regulation 2 ofthe Building Regulations 2010. Please also notethat L1(c) has now become regulation 40.




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ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems

Contents

PAGE

What is an Approved Document? 3

HowtousethisApprovedDocument 3

Whereyoucangetfurtherhelp 3Responsibilityforcompliance 4

The requirements 5

Limitationonrequirements 5

TypesofbuildingworkcoveredbythisApprovedDocument 5

Noticationofwork 6

Exemptions 6

Materialsandworkmanship 7

Supplementaryguidance 7TechnicalSpecications 7

Independentschemesofcerticationandaccreditation 7

Interactionwithotherlegislation 8

Maintenance 8

The Requirements J1, J2, J3, J4, J5,J6 and J7 9

Section 0: General guidance 10

Introductiontotheprovisions 10Explanationoftermsused 10

Measuringthesizeofuesandducts 16

Section 1: Provisions which applygenerally to combustion installations 17

Performance 17

Airsupplyforcombustionappliances 17

Permanentlyopenventilationofrooms 17

Permanentventilationofappliancecompartments 17

Ventilationofotherroomsorspaces 17

Permanentlyopenairvents 19

ProvisionscomplyingwithbothPartFandPartJ 20

Interactionofmechanicalextractventilationandopen-uedcombustionappliances 21

Provisionofues 22

Condensatesinues 22

Constructionofmasonrychimneys 22

Constructionofueblockchimneys 22

Materialchangeofuse 23

PAGE

Connectinguepipes 23

Repairofues 23

Re-Useofexistingues 24

Useofexiblemetaluelinersforthereliningofchimneys 24

Useofplasticuepipesystems 24

Factory-mademetalchimneys 24

Concealedues 25

Congurationofnaturaldraughtuesservingopen-uedappliances 26

Inspectionandcleaningopeningsinues 27

Fluesdischargingatlowlevelnearboundaries 27

Dryliningaroundreplaceopenings 27

Conditionofcombustioninstallationsatcompletion 27

NoticePlatesforhearthsandues 28

Accesstocombustionappliancesformaintenance 28

Section 2: Additional provisions forappliances burning solid fuel (includingsolid biofuel) with a rated output upto 50kW 29

Airsupplytoappliances 29

Sizeofues 29

Heightofues 30

Outletsfromues 30

Connectinguepipes 32

Locationandshieldingofconnectinguepipes 32

Debriscollectingspace 33

Masonryandueblockchimneys 33

Separationofcombustiblematerialfromreplacesandues 34


Liningandreliningofuesinchimneys 34

Formationofgathers 35

Hearths 37

Fireplacerecessesandprefabricatedappliancechambers 38

Fireplaceliningcomponents 40

Wallsadjacenttohearths 40

Alternativeapproach 40

Carbonmonoxidealarms 41

JO N L I N E V E R S I O N



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Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems ApprovedDocumentJ

PAGE

Section 3: Additional provisions, for gasburning appliances 43

Gassafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations 43

Gasres(otherthanuelessgasres) 45

Fluelessgasappliances 45

Airsupplytogasresandotherappliances 45

Flueddecorativefueleffect(DFE)res 45

Fluedappliancesotherthandecorativefueleffectres 45

Airsupplytouelessappliances 45

Sizeofnaturaldraughtuesforopenuedappliances 47

Heightofnaturaldraughtuesforopen

uedappliances 48Outletsfromues 48

Provisionofues 51

Connectinguepipecomponents 52

Masonrychimneys 52

Flueblockchimneys 52


Locationandshieldingofues 52

Reliningofuesinchimneys 52

Debriscollectionspaceforchimneys 53Basesforbackboilers 53

Hearths 54

Shieldingofappliances 54


Section 4: Additional provisions for oilburning appliances 56

Scope 56

Appliancesttedinbathroomsandshowerrooms 56

Airsupplytoappliances 56

Sizeofues(otherthanbalanceduesanduesdesignedtodischargethroughoradjacenttowalls) 56

Outletsfromuesandueheights 56

Fluesforoil-redappliances:uegastemperature 59

Provisionsforuegastemperaturesinexcessof250C 59

Provisionsforuegastemperaturesnot

exceeding250C 59Connectinguepipecomponents 59

PAGE

Masonrychimneys 60

Flueblockchimneys 60


Locationandshieldingofues 60

Reliningofuesinchimneys 60FluesforappliancesburningClassDoil 61

Hearthsforoil-redappliances 61

Shieldingofoil-redappliances 61


Section 5: Provisions for liquid fuelstorage and supply 63

Performance 63

Heatingoilstorageinstallations 63

Protectivemeasuresagainstre 63Oilsupplypipesystems:meansofautomaticisolation 64

Provisionswherethereisariskofoilpollution 64

LPGstorageinstallations 64

Tanklocationandprotectivemeasures 65

Locationandsupportofcylinders 65

LPGpipework(Informative) 67

APPENDICES

Appendix A:Checklistforcheckingandtestingofhearths,replaces,uesandchimneys 68

Appendix B:Openingareasoflargeorunusualreplaces 70

Appendix C:Examplecalculationoftheventilationrequirementsofagasredappliance 71

Appendix D:Examplecalculationoftheventilationrequirementsofanoilred

appliance 72

Appendix E:MethodsofcheckingcompliancewithrequirementJ2 73

Appendix F:Assessingairpermeabilityofolderdwellingsinrelationtopermanentventilationrequirements 76

Appendix G:Europeanchimneydesignations 77

Appendix H:Addressees 79

Standards referred to 80

Other publications referred to 82

Index 83

J CONTENTS O N L I N E V E R S I O N



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ThisdocumenthasbeenapprovedandissuedbytheSecretaryofStatetoprovidepracticalguidanceonwaysofcomplyingwithRequirementsJ1toJ7andregulations7oftheBuildingRegulations2010(SI2010/2214)forEnglandandWales.TheBuildingRegulations2010arereferredtothroughouttheremainderofthisDocumentastheBuildingRegulations.WhereappropriatetheApprovedDocumentalsogivesguidanceonrelevantrequirementsintheBuilding(ApprovedInspectorsetc)Regulations2010(SI2010/2215).

TheintentionofissuingApprovedDocumentsistoprovideguidanceaboutcompliancewithspecicaspectsofbuildingregulationsinsomeofthemorecommonbuildingsituations.Theysetoutwhat,inordinarycircumstances,maybereasonableprovisionforcompliancewiththerelevantrequirement(s)ofbuildingregulationstowhichtheyrefer.

IfguidanceinanApprovedDocumentisfollowedtherewillbeapresumptionofcompliancewiththerequirement(s)coveredbytheguidance.However,thispresumptioncanbeoverturned,sosimplyfollowingguidancedoesnotguaranteecompliance.Forexample,ifoneparticularcaseisunusualinsomeway,thennormalguidancemaynotbeapplicable.Itisalsoimportanttonotethattheremaywellbeotherwaysofachievingcompliancewiththerequirements.There istherefore no obligation to adopt any particularsolution contained in this Approved Documentif you would prefer to meet the relevantrequirement in some other way. However,persons intending to carry out building workshould always check with their BuildingControl Body, either the local authority oran approved inspector, that their proposalscomply with building regulations.

TheguidancecontainedinthisApprovedDocumentrelatesonlytotheparticularrequirementsofbuildingregulationsthatthedocumentaddresses(seeRequirementsbelow).However,buildingworkmaybesubjecttomorethanonerequirementofbuildingregulations.Insuchcasestheworkwillalsohavetocomplywithanyotherapplicablerequirementsofbuildingregulations.

ThisdocumentisoneofaseriesthathasbeenapprovedandissuedbytheSecretaryofStateforthepurposeofprovidingpracticalguidancewithrespecttotherequirementsofSchedule1andRegulation7oftheBuildingRegulations2010(SI2010/2215)forEnglandandWales.

AtthebackofthisdocumentisalistofallthedocumentsthathavebeenapprovedandissuedbytheSecretaryofStateforthispurpose.

How to use this Approved

Document

Inthisdocumentthefollowingconventionshavebeenadoptedtoassistunderstandingand

interpretation:a. Textshownagainst agreenbackground are

extractsfromtheBuildingRegulationsorBuilding(ApprovedInspectorsetc)Regulations,andsetoutthelegalrequirementsthatrelatetocompliancewiththesanitation,hotwatersafetyandwaterefciencyrequirementsofbuildingregulations.Itshouldberememberedhoweverthat,asnotedabove,buildingworksmustcomplywithalltheotherapplicableprovisionsofbuildingregulations.

b. KeytermsaredenedinSection0andareprintedinitalic text.

c. DetailsoftechnicalpublicationsreferredtointhetextofthisDocumentwillbegiveninfootnotesandrepeatedasendnotes.Areferencetoapublicationislikelytobemadeforoneoftwomainreasons.Thepublicationmaycontainadditionalormorecomprehensivetechnicaldetail,whichitwouldbeimpracticaltoincludeinfullintheDocumentbutwhichisneededtofullyexplainwaysofmeetingtherequirements;oritisasourceofmoregeneralinformation.Thereasonforthereferencewillbeindicatedineachcase.Thereferencewillbetoaspeciededitionofthedocument.

TheApprovedDocumentmaybeamendedfromtimetotimetoincludenewreferencesortorefertorevisededitionswherethisaidscompliance.

Where you can get further help

IfyoudonotunderstandthetechnicalguidanceorotherinformationsetoutinthisApprovedDocumentandtheadditionaldetailedtechnicalreferencestowhichitdirectsyou,thereareanumberofroutesthroughwhichyoucanseekfurtherassistance:

TheCommunitiesandLocalGovernmentwebsite:www.communities.gov.uk

ThePlanningPortalwebsite:www.planningportal.gov.uk

Ifyouarethepersonundertakingthebuildingworkyoucanseekassistanceeitherfromyourlocalauthoritybuildingcontrolserviceorfromyourapprovedinspector(dependingonwhichbuildingcontrolserviceyouareusing,orintendtouse,tocertifycomplianceofyourworkwiththerequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations).

What is an Approved Document? JO N L I N E V E R S I O N



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J WHATISANAPPROVEDDOCUMENT?

Personsregisteredwithacompetentpersonself-certicationschememaybeabletogettechnicaladvicefromtheirschemeoperator.

Ifyourqueryisofahighlytechnicalnatureyoumaywishtoseektheadviceofaspecialist,orindustrytechnicalbody,fortherelevantsubject.

Responsibility for compliance

Itisimportanttorememberthatifyouaretheperson(e.g.designer,builder,installer)carryingoutbuildingworktowhichanyrequirementofbuildingregulationsappliesyouhavearesponsibilitytoensurethattheworkcomplieswithanysuchrequirement.Thebuildingownermayalsohavearesponsibilityforensuringcompliancewithbuildingregulationrequirementsandcouldbeservedwithanenforcementnoticeincasesofnon-compliance.

S I O N



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ThisApprovedDocument,whichtakeseffecton1October2010,dealswithcombustionappliancesandfuelstoragesystemsintheBuildingRegulations2010(asamended).

Limitation on requirementsInaccordancewithregulation8oftheBuildingRegulations,therequirementsinPartsAtoD,FtoKandNandP(exceptforparagraphsG2,H2andJ6)ofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulationsdonotrequireanythingtobedoneexceptforthepurposeofsecuringreasonablestandardsofhealthandsafetyforpersonsinoraboutbuildings(andanyotherswhomaybeaffectedbybuildingsormattersconnectedwithbuildings).

ParagraphG2isexcludedfromregulation8asitdealswiththeconservationofwater.ParagraphsH2andJ6areexcludedfromregulation8

becausetheydealdirectlywithpreventionofthecontaminationofwaterandofoilpollution.PartsEandM(whichdeal,respectively,withresistancetothepassageofsoundandaccesstoanduseofbuildings)areexcludedfromregulation8becausetheyaddressthewelfareandconvenienceofbuildingusers.PartLisexcludedfromregulation8becauseitaddressestheconservationoffuelandpower.Allthesemattersareamongstthepurposes,otherthanhealthandsafetythatmaybeaddressedbyBuildingRegulations.

Types of work covered by thisApproved Document

Building work

Buildingwork,asdefinedinregulation3oftheBuildingRegulations2010,includestheerectionandextensionofabuilding,theprovisionorextensionofacontrolledserviceorfitting,andthematerialalterationofabuildingoracontrolledserviceorfitting.Inaddition,BuildingRegulationsmayapplyincaseswherethepurposesforwhichorthemannerorcircumstancesinwhichabuildingorpartofabuildingisusedchangein

thewaythatconstitutesamaterialchangeofuse.Underregulation4oftheBuildingRegulations2010(asamended),buildingworkshouldbecarriedoutinsuchawaythat,oncompletionofwork,

i. thebuildingcomplieswiththeapplicablePartsofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulations,

ii. inthecaseofanextensionormaterialalterationofabuilding,ortheprovision,extensionormaterialalterationofacontrolledserviceorfitting,whereitdidnotcomplywithanysuchrequirement,itisnomoreunsatisfactoryinrelationtothatrequirementthanbeforetheworkwascarriedout.

WorkdescribedinPartJconcernstheprovisionorextensionofcontrolledservicesorfittings.WorkassociatedwithinstallationscoveredinthesesectionsmaybesubjecttootherrelevantPartsoftheBuildingRegulations.

Material change of use

Amaterialchangeofuseoccursinspecifiedcircumstancesinwhichabuildingorpartofabuildingthatwaspreviouslyusedforonepurposewillbeusedinfutureforanother.WherethereisamaterialchangeofusetheBuildingRegulationssetrequirementsthatmustbemetbeforethebuildingcanbeusedforitsnewpurpose.

Regulation5oftheBuildingRegulationsspecifiesthefollowingcircumstancesasmaterialchangesofuse:

abuildingisusedasadwellingwherepreviouslyitwasnot.

abuildingcontainsaflatwherepreviouslyitdidnot.

abuildingisusedasanhotelorboardinghousewherepreviouslyitwasnot.

abuildingisusedasaninstitutionwherepreviouslyitwasnot.

abuildingisusedasapublicbuildingwherepreviouslyitwasnot.

abuildingnolongercomeswithinthe

exemptionsinSchedule2totheBuildingRegulationswherepreviouslyitdid.

abuildingwhichcontainsatleastonedwellingcontainsagreaterorlessernumberofdwellingsthanitdidpreviously.

abuildingcontainsaroomforresidentialpurposeswherepreviouslyitdidnot.

abuildingwhichcontainsatleastoneroomforresidentialpuposescontainsagreaterorlessernumberofsuchroomsthanitdidpreviously.

abuildingisusedasashopwherepreviously

itwasnot.PartsJ1toJ4willapplytoallthematerialchangesofusementionedabovewhichmeansthatwheneversuchchangesoccurthebuildingmustbebroughtuptothestandardsrequiredbyPartsJ1toJ4.

Historic buildings

Buildingsincludedinthescheduleofmonumentsmaintainedundersection1oftheAncientMonumentsandArchaeologicalAreasAct1979areexemptfromcompliancewiththerequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.

The requirements




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J THEREUIREMENTS

ThereareotherclassesofbuildingswherespecialconsiderationmaybeneededindecidingwhatisadequateprovisionforcompliancewithPartJ:

a. listedbuildings;

b. buildingssituatedindesignatedconservationareas;

c. buildingswhichareofarchitecturalorhistoricinterestandwhicharereferredtoasamaterialconsiderationinalocalauthoritysdevelopmentplan;and

d. buildingsofarchitecturalandhistoricalinterestwithinnationalparks,areasofoutstandingornaturalbeautyandworldheritagesites.

ItwouldnotnormallybeconsideredappropriatetorelaxtherequirementsofPartJsincetheyrelatetohealthandsafety.However,itmaybenecessarytoseekalternativetechnicalsolutionstothosesetoutinthisapproveddocumentin

ordertoachievereasonablestandardsofsafetywithoutprejudicingthecharacterofthehostbuildingorincreasingtheriskoflong-termdeteriorationofthebuildingsfabricorfittings.

Indeterminingwhatisappropriateinthecircumstances,theadviceofthelocalauthoritysconservationofficershouldbesought.Theviewsoftheconservationofficerareparticularlyimportantwherebuildingworkrequiresplanningpermissionand/orlistedbuildingconsent.

Notification of work

InalmostallcasesofnewbuildingworkitwillbenecessarytonotifyaBuildingControlBody(BCB)inadvanceofanyworkstarting.Therearetwoexceptionstothis:whereworkiscarriedoutunderaself-certicationschemelistedinSchedule3,andwhereworkislistedinSchedule4totheBuildingRegulationsasbeingnotnotiable.

Competent person self-certification schemesunder Schedule 3

Underregulation12(6)oftheBuildingRegulationsitisnotnecessarytonotifyaBCBinadvanceofworkwhichiscoveredbythis

ApprovedDocumentifthatworkisofatypesetoutincolumn1ofSchedule3totheRegulationsandiscarriedoutbyapersonregisteredwitharelevantself-certication(competentpersons)schemeassetoutincolumn2ofthatSchedule.Inordertojoinsuchaschemeapersonmustdemonstratecompetencetocarryoutthetypeofworktheschemecovers,andalsotheabilitytocomplywithallrelevantrequirementsintheBuildingRegulations.

Thereareanumberofschemesauthorisedfortheinstallationofcombustionappliances.

Detailsofcurrentschemesincludingthose

relatingtocombustionappliancescanbefoundfromwww.communities.gov.uk/planningandbuildingregulations/competentpersonsschemes.Fulldetailsoftheschemescanbefoundontheindividualschemewebsites.

Whereworkiscarriedoutbyapersonregisteredwithacompetentpersonscheme,regulation20oftheBuildingRegulationsandregulation20(1)oftheBuilding(ApprovedInspectorsetc.)Regulations2010requirethattheoccupierofthebuildingbegiven,within30daysofthecompletionofthework,acerticateconrmingthattheworkcomplieswithallapplicableBuildingRegulationrequirements.ThereisaalsorequirementthattheBCBbegivenanoticethatthishasbeendone,oracopyofthecerticate,againwithin30daysofthecompletionofthework.Thesecerticatesandnoticesareusuallymadeavailablethroughtheschemeoperator.

BCBsareauthorisedtoacceptthesecerticatesasevidenceofcompliancewiththerequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.However,localauthorityinspectionandenforcementpowersremainunaffected,althoughtheyarenormallyusedonlyinresponsetoacomplaintthatworkdoesnotcomply.

Work which is not notifiable underSchedule 4

Schedule4totheBuildingRegulationssetsouttypesofworkwherethereisnorequirementtonotifyaBCBthatworkistobecarriedout.Thesetypesofworkaremainlyofaminornature

wherethereisnosignicantrisktohealth,safety,waterefciencyorenergyefciency.Health,safety,andenergyefciencyrequirementscontinuetoapplytothesetypesofwork;onlytheneedtonotifyaBCBhasbeenremoved.

Whereonlynon-notiableworkassetoutinSchedule4iscarriedout,thereisnorequirementforacerticateconrmingthattheworkcomplieswithBuildingRegulationrequirementstobegiventotheoccupierortheBCB.

Ingeneral,allworkonacombustionappliancewhichisnotarepairormaintenancewillbe

notiableworkandSchedule4willnotapply.However,itmightbepossibletoaddacontroldevicetotheapplianceortoalteritselectricalconnectionundertheallowanceinthisschedule.Localauthoritybuildingcontroldepartmentscangiveadviceincasesofdoubt.

Exemptions

Schedule2totheBuildingRegulationssetsoutanumberofclassesofbuildingswhichareexemptfromallBuildingRegulationsrequirements,includingthoseinPartJ.

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PleasenotethattheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)RegulationsapplytobuildingsexemptundertheBuildingRegulations.

Materials and workmanship

AnybuildingworkwithinthemeaningoftheBuildingRegulationsshould,inaccordancewithregulation7,becarriedoutwithpropermaterialsandinaworkmanlikemanner.

Youmayshowthatyouhavecompliedwithregulation7inanumberofways.TheseincludetheappropriateuseofaproductbearingCEmarkinginaccordancewiththeConstructionProductsDirective(89/106/EEC)asamendedbytheCEMarkingDirective(93/68/EEC)1oraproductcomplyingwithanappropriatetechnicalspecication(asdenedinthoseDirectives),aBritishStandardoranalternativenationaltechnicalspecicationofanystatewhichisacontractingpartytotheEuropeanEconomic

Areawhichinuseisequivalent,oraproductcoveredbyanationalorEuropeancerticateissuedbyaEuropeanTechnicalApprovalissuingbody,andtheconditionsofuseareinaccordancewiththetermsofthecerticate.

YouwillndfurtherguidanceintheApprovedDocumentsupportingregulation7onmaterialsandworkmanship.

Supplementary guidance

TheDepartmentofCommunitiesandLocalGovernmentoccasionallyissuesadditionalmaterialtoaidinterpretationoftheguidance

inApprovedDocuments.ThismaterialmaybeconveyedinofcialletterstochiefexecutivesoflocalauthoritiesandApprovedInspectorsand/orpostedonthewebsitesaccessedthrough:www.communities.gov.uk/planningandbuilding/buildingregulations/.

Technical Specifications

Standardsandtechnicalapprovalsarerelevantguidancetotheextentthattheyrelatetohealth,safetyorwaterefciencyconsiderationsintheBuildingRegulations.Theymayalsoaddressotheraspectsofperformancesuchasservice

ability,oraspectsthat,althoughtheyrelatetohealthandsafety,arenotcoveredbytheBuildingRegulations.

WhenanApprovedDocumentmakesreferencetoanamedstandard,therelevantversionofthestandardistheonelistedattheendofthepublication.However,ifthisversionofthestandardhasbeenrevisedorupdatedbytheissuingstandardsbody,thenewversionmaybeusedasasourceofguidanceprovidedthatitcontinuestoaddresstherelevantrequirementsRegulations.Whereitisproposedtoworktothe

1 ImplementedbytheConstructionProductsRegulations1991

(SI/1991/1620),bytheConstructionProducts(Amendment)Regulations

1991(SI1991/1620).

newversioninsteadoftheversionlistedattheendofpublication,thisshouldbediscussedwithBCBinadvanceofanyworkstarting.

Theappropriateuseofaproduct,whichcomplieswithaEuropeanTechnicalApprovalasdenedintheConstructionProductsDirective,(89/106/EEC)shouldmeettherelevantrequirements.

Independent schemes of

certification and accreditation

Muchoftheguidancethroughoutthisdocumentisgivenintermsofperformance.

Sincetheperformanceofasystem,product,componentorstructureisdependentuponsatisfactorysiteinstallation,testingandmaintenance,independentschemesofcertificationandaccreditationofinstallersandmaintenancefirmswillprovideconfidenceintheappropriatestandardofworkmanshipbeingprovided.

Confidencethattherequiredlevelofperformancecanbeachievedwillbedemonstratedbytheuseofasystem,material,productorstructurewhichisprovidedunderthearrangementsofaproductconformitycertificationschemeandanaccreditationofinstallerscheme.

Thirdpartyaccreditedproductconformitycertificationschemesnotonlyprovideameansofidentifyingmaterialsanddesignsofsystems,productsandstructureswhichhavedemonstratedthattheyreachtherequisiteperformance,but

additionallyprovideconfidencethatthesystems,materials,productsandstructuresactuallyprovidedarethesamespecificationordesignasthattestedorassessed.

Thirdpartyaccreditationofinstallersofsystems,materials,productsandstructuresprovidesameansofensuringthatinstallationshavebeenconductedbyknowledgeablecontractorstoappropriatestandards,therebyincreasingthereliabilityoftheanticipatedperformance.

ManycertificationbodiesthatapprovesuchschemesareaccreditedbytheUnitedKingdom

AccreditationService(UKAS).

BuildingControlBodiesmayacceptcertificationofproducts,components,materials,orstructuresundersuchschemesasevidenceofcompliancewiththerelevantstandard.SimilarlyBuildingControlBodiesmayacceptthecertificationofinstallationormaintenanceofproducts,components,materialsandstructuresundersuchschemesasevidenceofcompliancewiththerelevantstandard.NonethelessaBuildingControlBodywillwishtoestablishinadvanceofthework,thatanysuchschemeisadequateforthepurposeoftheBuildingRegulations.

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Interaction with other legislation

The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)Regulations 1992

TheWorkplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992containsomerequirementswhichaffectbuildingdesign.ThemainrequirementsarenowcoveredbytheBuildingRegulations,butforfurtherinformationsee:Workplacehealth,safetyandwelfare.Workplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992.

ApprovedCodeofPracticeL24.PublishedbyHSEBooks1992(ISBN0717604136).

TheWorkplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992applytothecommonpartsofflatsandsimilarbuildingsifpeoplesuchascleanersandcaretakersareemployedtoworkinthesecommonparts.WheretherequirementsoftheBuildingRegulationsthatarecoveredbythisPartdonotapplytodwellings,theprovisionsmaystillberequiredinthesituationsdescribedaboveinordertosatisfytheWorkplaceRegulations.

The Clean Air Act 1993

UndertheCleanAirAct1993localauthoritiesmaydeclarethewholeorpartofthedistrictoftheauthoritytobeasmokecontrolarea.Itisanoffencetoemitsmokefromachimneyofabuilding,fromafurnaceorfromanyfixedboileriflocatedinadesignatedsmokecontrolareaunlessanauthorisedfuelwasused.Itisalsoanoffencetoacquireanunauthorisedfuelforusewithinasmokecontrolareaunlessitisusedinan

exemptappliance(exemptedfromthecontrolswhichgenerallyapplyinthesmokecontrolarea).

AuthorisedfuelsarefuelswhichareauthorisedbyStatutoryInstruments(Regulations)madeundertheCleanAirAct1993.Theseincludeinherentlysmokelessfuelssuchasgas,electricityandanthracitetogetherwithspecifiedbrandsofmanufacturedsolidsmokelessfuels.Thesefuelshavepassedteststoconfirmthattheyarecapableofburninginanopenfireplacewithoutproducingsmoke.

Exemptappliancesareappliances(ovens,wood

burners,boilersandstoves)whichhavebeenexemptedbyStatutoryInstruments(Orders)undertheCleanAirAct1993.Thesehavepassedteststoconfirmthattheyarecapableofburninganunauthorisedorinherentlysmokysolidfuelwithoutemittingsmoke.

Moreinformationanddetailsofauthorisedfuelsandexemptappliancescanbefoundontheinternetathttp://smokecontrol.defra.gov.uk/

Maintenance

TheguidanceinthisApprovedDocumentprovidesawayofensuringthatcombustionappliancescanfunctionsafely.Forcombustionappliancestocontinuetoworksafelyandeffectivelyitisessentialthattheyareadequatelyandregularlyservicedandmaintained.



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ThisApprovedDocument,whichtakeseffecton1October2010,dealswiththefollowingRequirementswhicharecontainedintheBuildingRegulations2010(asamendedbySI2001/2214).

Requirement Limitsonapplication

Part J Combustion Appliances and Fuel Storage Systems

Air supply

J1. Combustion appliances shall be so installed that there is an

adequate supply of air to them for combustion, to prevent

overheating and for the efficient working of any flue.

Discharge of products of combustion

J2. Combustion appliances shall have adequate provision for

the discharge of products of combustion to the outside air.

Warning of release of carbon monoxide

J3. Where a fixed combustion appliance is provided, appropriate

provision shall be made to detect and give warning of the

release of carbon monoxide.

Protection of building

J4. Combustion appliances and fluepipes shall be so installed,

and fireplaces and chimneys shall be so constructed and installed,

as to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of people suffering

burns or the building catching fire in consequence of their use.

Provision of information

J5. Where a hearth, fireplace, flue or chimney is provided

or extended, a durable notice containing information on the

performance capabilities of the hearth, fireplace, flue or chimneyshall be affixed in a suitable place in the building for the

purpose of enabling combustion appliances to be safely installed.

Protection of liquid fuel storage systems

J6. Liquid fuel storage systems and the pipes connecting them

to combustion appliances shall be so constructed and separated

from buildings and the boundary of the premises as to reduce

to a reasonable level the risk of the fuel igniting in the event of

fire in adjacent buildings or premises.

Protection against pollution

J7. Oil storage tanks and the pipes connecting them to

combustion appliances shall:(a) be so constructed and protected as to reduce to a reasonable

level the risk of the oil escaping and causing pollution; and

(b) have affixed in a prominent position a durable notice

containing information on how to respond to an oil escape so as

to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of pollution.

Requirements J1 and J2 apply only to fixed combustion

appliances (including incinerators).

Requirement J3 applies only to fixed combustion appliances

located in dwellings.

Requirement J6 applies only to:

(a) fixed oil storage tanks with capacities greater than 90 litres

and connecting pipes; and

(b) fixed liquefied petroleum gas storage installations with

capacities greater than 150 litres and connecting pipes, which

are located outside the building and which serve fixed

combustion appliances (including incinerators) in the building.

Requirement J7 applies only to fixed oil storage tanks with

capacities of 3500 litres or less, and connecting pipes, which:

(a) are located outside the building; and

(b) serve fixed combustion appliances (including incinerators)

in a building used wholly or mainly as a private dwelling, but

does not apply to buried systems.

Particularreferenceshouldbemadeto:

Approved Document Bforguidanceoncompartmentationofbuildingsforresafetypurposesandforappropriatedegreesofreresistanceforcompartmentboundaries.

Approved Document Fforguidanceonventilationforhealth,andprovisionofextractventilationusingopenuedcombustionappliances.

The Requirements J1/J2/J3/J4/J5/J6COMBUSTIONAPPLIANCESANDFUELSTORAGESYSTEMS J



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Introduction to the provisions

0.1 ThisApprovedDocumentgivesguidanceonhowtosatisfytherequirementsofPartJ.

AlthoughPartJappliestotheaccommodationofanycombustioninstallationandliquidfuel

storagesystemwithintheLimitsonApplication,theguidanceinthisApprovedDocumenthasbeenpreparedmainlywithdomesticinstallationsinmind,suchasthosecomprisingspaceandwaterheatingsystemsandcookersandtheirues,andtheirattendantoilandliqueedpetroleumgas(LPG)fuelstoragesystems.PartJdoesnotincludespecicprovisionsrelatingtothestorageofsolidfuel(includingsolidbiofuel)buttherelevantguidanceinApprovedDocumentBshouldbefollowed.

0.2 Theguidanceappliestocombustioninstallationshavingpowerratingsandfuel

storagecapacitiesuptothelimitsshownina)toc)below.GuidancewhichappliesgenerallyisgiveninthissectionandSection1.Morespecicguidanceisthengivenin:

a. Section2forsolidfuelinstallationsofupto45kWrated output;

b. Section3forgasinstallationsofupto70kWnet(77.7kWgross)rated input;

c. Section4foroilinstallationsofupto45kWrated heat output.

Section5givesguidanceonrequirementJ5for

heatingoilstorageinstallationswithcapacitiesupto3500litresandLPGstorageinstallationswithcapacitiesupto1.1tonne,althoughthereisnosizelimitontheapplicationofrequirementJ5.Section5alsogivesguidanceonrequirementJ6,whichislimitedtoinstallationswherethecapacityoftheoilstoragetankis3500litresorless,servingbuildingsusedwhollyormainlyasprivatedwellings.

0.3 ForinstallationssubjecttotherequirementsofpartJbutoutsidethescopeofthisApprovedDocument,suchasincineratorsorinstallationswithhigherratingsthanthosementionedabove,specialistguidancemaybenecessary.However,

somelargerinstallationsmaybeshowntocomplybyadoptingtherelevantrecommendationstobefoundintheCIBSE Guide BandpracticestandardsproducedbyBSIandIGEM.

Explanation of terms used

0.4 ThefollowingdenitionshavebeenadoptedsolelyforthepurposesofprovidingclarityinthisApprovedDocument.

1. Anappliance compartmentisanenclosurespecicallyconstructedoradaptedtoaccommodateoneormorecombustionappliances.

2. Abalanced compartmentisamethodofinstallinganopen-uedapplianceintoacompartmentwhichissealedfromtheremainderofthebuildingandwhoseventilationissoarrangedinconjunctionwiththeapplianceueastoachieveabalancedueeffect.

3. Abalanced flueapplianceisatypeofroom-sealedappliancewhichdrawsitscombustionairfromapointoutsidethebuildingadjacenttothepointatwhichthecombustionproductsaredischarged,theinletandoutletbeingsodisposedthatwindeffectsaresubstantiallybalanced.Balanceduesmayrunvertically,butinthemostcommoncongurationtheydischargehorizontallythroughtheexternalwallagainstwhichtheapplianceissituated.

4. Theboundaryistheboundaryofthelandorbuildingsbelongingtoandunderthecontrol

ofthebuildingowner.DependingupontheparagraphsofthisApprovedDocumenttowhichitapplies,itmaybedrawnonlyaroundtheperimeterofthelandinquestionorextendedtothecentrelineofadjacentroutesorwaterwaysasshowninDiagram1.

5. ABuilding Control BodyisabodythatcarriesoutchecksforcompliancewiththeBuildingRegulationsonplansofbuildingworkandonthebuildingworkitself.TheBuildingControlBodymaybeeitherthelocalauthorityoranApprovedInspector.Forfurtherdetails,seethemanualtotheBuildingRegulations.

6. Thecapacityofanoiltankisitsnominalcapacityasstatedbythemanufacturer.Itisusually95percentofthevolumeofliquidrequiredtollittothebrim.

Section 0: General guidance

Diagram1 Boundaries in thisApproved Document




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7. Achimneyisastructureconsistingofawallorwallsenclosingoneormoreues(seeDiagram2).Inthegasindustry,thechimneyforagasapplianceiscommonlycalledtheue.

8. Acombustion appliance(orappliance)isanapparatuswherefuelisburnedtogenerateheatforspaceheating,waterheating,cookingorothersimilarpurpose.Theappliancedoesnotincludesystemstodeliverfueltoitorforthedistributionofheat.Typicalcombustionappliancesareboilers,warmairheaters,waterheaters,res,stovesandcookers.

9. ThedesignationsysteminBSEN1443:2003expressestheperformancecharacteristicsofachimneyoritscomponents,asassessedinaccordancewithanappropriateEuropeanproductstandard,bymeansofacodesuchasEN1234T400N1D1Gxx.FurtherinformationisgiveninAppendixG.

Sleeve

Diagram2 Chimneys and flues

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10.Adraught breakisanopeningformedbyafactory-madecomponentintoanypartoftheueservinganopen-uedappliance.Suchopeningsmaybeprovidedtoallowdilutionairtobedrawnintoaueortolessentheeffectsofdown-draughtoncombustionintheappliance.

11.Adraught diverterisaformofdraughtbreakintendedtopreventconditionsinthemainlengthofuefrominterferingwiththecombustionperformanceofanopen-uedappliance(seeDiagram3(a)).Itallowstheappliancetooperatewithoutinterferencefromdown-draughtsthatmayoccurinadversewindconditionsandexcessivedraught.

12.Adraught stabiliserisafactory-madecounter-balancedapdeviceadmittingairtotheue,fromthesamespaceasthecombustionair,topreventexcessivevariationsinthedraught(seeDiagram3(b)).Itisusual

forthesetobeintheuepipeorchimney,buttheymaybelocatedontheappliance.

13.Equivalent areaisdenedinBSEN13141-1:2004astheareaofasharp-edgedcircularoricewhichwouldpassthesameairowrateatthesameappliedpressuredifferenceastheproductordevicebeingtested.Theequivalentareaofasimpleventilatorwillbelessthanthegeometricalfreeareaandforcomplexproductsmaybesignicantlyless.

14.Factory-made metal chimneys(alsoknownassystemchimneys)areprefabricated

chimneysthatarecommonlymanufacturedassetsofcomponentsforassemblyonsite(althoughtheycanbesuppliedasoneunit),havingtheperformanceappropriateforthe

intendedappliance.Theyareavailableinvariousmaterialsandtypesrangingfromsingle-walledmetalchimneyssuitableforsomegasappliancestotwin-walledchimneyswithinsulationsandwichedbetweenaninnerlinerandanoutermetalwallwhicharedesignedforoilorsolidfueluse.

15.Inafanned draughtinstallation,theproperdischargeoftheuegasesdependsupontheoperationofafan,whichmaybeseparatelyinstalledintheueormaybeanintegralpartofthecombustionappliance.Fansincombustionapplianceseithermayextractuegasesfromthecombustionchamberormaycausetheuegasestobedisplacedfromthecombustionchamberifthefanissupplyingitwithairforcombustion.

Applianceswithfansprovidingthecombustionair(includingmostoil-redandmanygas-redboilers)arealsocommonlyreferredtoasforceddraughtappliances(seeDiagram

4).Fluesinfanneddraughtinstallationsrunhorizontallyorverticallyandcanbeathigherorlowerpressuresthantheirsurroundings,dependentuponthelocationofthefan.

16.Afire compartmentisabuildingorpartofabuildingcomprisingoneormorerooms,spacesorstoreysconstructedtopreventthespreadofretoorfromanotherpartofthesamebuildingoranadjoiningbuilding.(Aroof-spaceabovethetopstoreyofarecompartmentisincludedinthatrecompartment.)Aseparated partofabuildingisaformofcompartmentationinwhichpart

ofabuildingisseparatedfromanotherpartofthesamebuildingbyacompartmentwall.Suchwallsrunthefullheightofthepartandareinoneverticalplane.FurtherinformationonthisisgiveninApprovedDocumentBVol2(seeSection8Compartmentationand

AppendixCMethodsofMeasurement).

17.Afireplace recessisastructuralopening(sometimescalledabuildersopening)formedinawallorinachimneybreast,fromwhichachimneyleadsandwhichhasahearthatitsbase.Simplestructuralopenings(Diagram5(a))aresuitableforclosedappliancessuch

asstoves,cookersorboilers,butgathers(Diagram5(b))arenecessaryforaccommodatingopenres.Fireplacerecessesareoftenlinedwithrebackstoaccommodateinsetopenres(Diagram5(c)).Liningcomponentsanddecorativetreatmentsttedaroundopeningsreducetheopeningarea.Itisthenishedreplaceopeningareawhichdeterminesthesizeofuerequiredforanopenreinsucharecess.

18.Thefire resistanceofacomponentorconstructionisameasureofitsabilitytowithstandtheeffectsofreinoneormore

waysforastatedperiodoftime.GuidanceondeterminationofperformanceintermsofreresistanceisgiveninApprovedDocumentB(FireSafety).

J GENERALGUIDANCE

Diagram3 Draught diverter anddraught stabiliser

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19.Afire wallisameansofshieldingafueltankfromthethermalradiationfromare.ForLPGtanks,italsoensuresthatgasaccidentallyleakingfromthetankorttingsmusttravelbyalongerpathandthereforedispersesafely,beforereachingahazardsuchasanopeninginabuilding,aboundaryorotherpotentialignitionsource.

20.Aflue isapassagethatconveystheproductsofcombustionfromanappliancetotheoutsideair(seeDiagram2).

21.Flueblock chimneysystemsconsistofasetoffactory-madecomponents,madefromprecastconcrete,clayorothermasonryunits,thataredesignedforassemblyonsitetoprovideacompletechimneyhavingtheperformanceappropriatefortheintendedappliance.Therearetwotypesofcommonsystems,onebeingsolelyforusewithgas-

burningappliancesandtheother,oftencalledchimneyblocksystems,beingprimarilydesignedforsolidfuel-burningappliances.

GENERALGUIDANCE J

Diagram4 Types of installation

L I N E V E R S I O N



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22.Aflue box isafactorymadeunit,usuallymadeofmetal,whichissimilartoaprefabricatedappliancechamberexceptthatitisdesignedtoaccommodateagasburningapplianceinconjunctionwithafactory-madechimney.

23.Aflueless applianceisonewhichisdesignedtobeusedwithoutconnectiontoaue.Itsproductsofcombustionmixwiththesurroundingroomairandareeventuallytransportedtotheoutsideasstaleairleavestheroom(seeDiagram4(g)).

24.Aflue lineristhewallofthechimneythatisin

contactwiththeproductsofcombustion(seeDiagram2),suchasaconcreteueliner,theinnerlinerofafactory-madechimneysystemoraexiblelinerttedintoanexistingchimney.

25.Aflue outletisthepointatwhichtheproductsofcombustionaredischargedfromtheuetotheoutsideatmosphere,suchasthetopofachimneypotorueterminal.

26.Afluepipeisapipe,eithersinglewalled(bareorinsulated)ordoublewalled,whichconnectsacombustionappliancetoaueinachimney.Forclarity,whenusedinthisway,itmaybe

calledaconnectinguepipe.(Fluepipeisalsousedtodescribethetubularcomponentsfromwhichsomefactorymadechimneysforgasandoilappliancesaremadeorfromwhichplasticuesystemsaremade).

27.Ahearthisabaseintendedtosafelyisolateacombustionappliancefrompeople,combustiblepartsofthebuildingfabricandsoftfurnishings.Theexposedsurfaceofthehearthprovidesaregionaroundtheappliancewhichcanbekeptclearofanythingatriskofre.Thebodyofthehearthmaybethininsulatingboard,asubstantialthicknessofmaterialsuchasconcreteorsomeintermediateprovisiondependentupontheweightanddownwardheatemissioncharacteristicsoftheappliance(s)uponit(seeDiagram6).

28.Theheat input rateisthemaximumrateofenergyowintoanappliance.Itiscalculatedastherateoffuelowtotheappliancemultipliedbyeitherthefuelsgrossornetcaloricvalue.

Note:Traditionally,theUKhasusedGrossvalues,mostEuropeanstandardsuseNetvalues.Thusforgasappliancesitisnowthenormtoexpressthisratingasanetvalue(kW(net)).

29.Installation instructionsarethoseinstructionsproducedbymanufacturerstoenableinstallerstocorrectlyinstallandtestappliancesanduesandtocommissionthemintoservice.

30.Inanatural draughtue,thecombustionproductsowintotheueasaresultofthedraughtproducedduetothedifferencebetweenthetemperatureofthegaseswithin

J GENERALGUIDANCE

Diagram5 Fireplace recesses

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theueandthetemperatureoftheambientair.Talleruesproduceagreaterdraughtattheirbase.Exceptforthosebalancedueapplianceswhicharedesignedtodischargedirectlythroughthewalladjacenttotheappliance,asatisfactorynaturaldraughtrequiresanessentiallyverticalrunofue(seeDiagram4(a)and(b)).

31.Non-combustible material.Thisisthehighestlevelofreactiontoreperformance.

Non-combustiblematerialsinclude:

a. anymaterialwhichwhentestedtoBS476-11:1982(2007)doesnotamenorcauseanyriseintemperatureoneitherthecentre(specimen) orfurnacethermocouples;and

b. productsclassiedasnon-combustibleintestsfollowingtheproceduresinBS476-4:1970(2007);

c. anymaterialclassiedasclassA1inaccordancewithBSEN13501-1:2002Fireclassicationofconstructionproducts

andbuildingelements.Classicationusingdatafromreactiontoretests.

Typicalexamplesofsuchmaterialstobefoundinbuildingsincludetotallyinorganicmaterialssuchasconcrete,redclay,ceramics,metals,plasterandmasonrycontainingnotmorethan1percentbyweightorvolumeoforganicmaterial.(Useinbuildingsofcombustiblemetalssuchasmagnesiumaluminiumalloysshouldbeassessedineachindividualcase.)

Moredetailedinformationisgivenin

ApprovedDocumentB(FireSafety).32.ANotified Body,forthepurposesoftheGas

Appliances(Safety)Regulations(1995),means:

a. abodywhichisapprovedbytheSecretaryofStateforTradeandIndustryasbeingcompetenttocarryouttherequiredAttestationproceduresforgasappliancesandwhosenameandidenticationnumberhasbeennotiedbyhim/hertotheCommissionoftheEuropeanCommunityandtoothermemberStatesinaccordancewiththeGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations(1995);

b. abodywhichhasbeensimilarlyapprovedfor

thepurposesoftheGasAppliancesDirectivebyanothermemberStateandwhosenameandidenticationnumberhasbeennotiedtotheCommissionandtoothermemberStatespursuanttotheGasAppliancesDirective.

33.Anopen-flued applianceisonewhichdrawsitscombustionairfromtheroomorspacewithinwhichitisinstalledandwhichrequiresauetodischargeitsproductsofcombustiontotheoutsideair(seeDiagram4(a),(c)and(e)).

34.Aprefabricated appliance chamberisasetoffactory-madeprecastconcretecomponents

designedtoprovideareplacerecesstoaccommodateanappliancesuchasastove,andincorporatesagatherwhenusedwithanopenre.Thechamberisnormallypositionedagainstawallandmaybedesignedtosupportachimney.Thechamberandchimneyareoftenenclosedtocreateafalsechimneybreast(seealsouebox).

35.Therated heat input(sometimesshortenedtoratedinput)foragasapplianceisthemaximumheatinputrateatwhichitcanbeoperated,asdeclaredontheappliancedataplate.(Seealsoheatinputrate.)

36.Therated heat outputforanoilapplianceisthemaximumdeclaredenergyoutputrate(kW)asdeclaredontheappliancedataplate.

Diagram6 The functions of hearths

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37.Therated heat outputforasolidfuelapplianceisthemanufacturersdeclarednominalenergyoutputrate(kW)fortheappliance.Thismaybedifferentfordifferentfuels.

38.Aroom-sealed appliancemeansanappliancewhosecombustionsystemissealedfromtheroominwhichtheapplianceislocatedandwhichobtainsairforcombustionfromaventilateduninhabitedspacewithinthebuildingordirectlyfromtheopenairoutsidethebuildingandwhichventstheproductsofcombustiondirectlytoopenairoutsidethebuilding(seeDiagram4(b),(d)and(f)).

39.Solid biofuel means,forthepurposeofthisApprovedDocument,asolidfuelderivedfromplantsandtrees.Itcanincludelogs,woodchips,woodpelletsandotherprocessedplantmaterial.

40.Athroatisacontractedpartoftheue

betweenareplacerecessanditschimney(seeDiagram22).ThroatsareusuallyformedfromprefabricatedcomponentsasshowninDiagram29.

Measuring the size of flues

and ducts

0.5 Thesizeaueorduct(area,diameteretc)shouldbemeasuredatrightanglestothedirectioninwhichgasesow.Whereoffsetcomponentsareused,theyshouldnotreducetheueareatolessthantheminimumrequiredforthecombustion appliance(seeDiagram7).

Diagram7 Measurement of flues and ducts

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Performance

1.1 IntheSecretaryofStatesviewrequirementsJ1toJ5willbemetifthebuildingprovisionsforthesafeaccommodationofcombustion appliances:

a. enabletheadmissionofsufcientairfor:

i. thepropercombustionoffuelandtheoperationofues;and

ii. thecoolingofapplianceswherenecessary;

b. enablenormaloperationofapplianceswithouttheproductsofcombustionbecomingahazardtohealth.

c. incorporateanappropriatemeansofwarningofareleaseofCarbonMonoxideforxedappliancesthatburnsolidfuels;

d. enablenormaloperationofapplianceswithouttheircausingdangerthroughdamagebyheatorretothefabricofthebuilding;

e. havebeeninspectedandtestedtoestablishsuitabilityforthepurposeintended;

f. havebeenlabelledtoindicateperformancecapabilities.

Note:Whilst,forthepurposesofrequirementJ2A,itisconsideredappropriatetorequire

carbonmonoxidealarmsonlywithsolidfuelappliances,suchalarmscanstillreducetheriskofpoisoningfromothertypesofappliance.

Air supply for combustion

appliances

1.2 Combustion appliancesrequireventilationtosupplythemwithairforcombustion.Ventilationisalsorequiredtoensuretheproperoperationofuesor,inthecaseofueless appliances,toensurethattheproductsofcombustionaresafelydispersedtotheoutsideair.Installationofroom-sealed appliancesorthosewithadirectlyconnectedductedexternalairsupplywillminimiseventilationenergylossesfromtheroomandtheriskofcolddraughts.Insomecases,combustionappliancesmayalsorequireairforcoolingcontrolsystemsand/ortoensurethatcasingsremainsafetotouch(seeDiagram8).Generalguidanceonwhereitmaybenecessarytoinstallairventsforthesepurposesisgivenbelow.

1.3 Airventsizes,whicharedependentuponthetypeoffuelburned,aregiveninSections2,3and4andareforonecombustion applianceonly.Theairsupplyprovisionswillusuallyneedtobeincreasedwherearoomcontainsmorethanoneappliance(suchasakitchencontaininganopen-uedboilerandanopen-uedcooker).

Permanently open ventilation

of rooms

1.4 Aroomcontaininganopen-ued appliancemayneedpermanentlyopenairvents.Anopen-uedappliancemustreceiveacertainamountofairfromoutside(combustionairinDiagram8)dependentuponitstypeandrating.Inltrationthroughthebuildingfabricmaybesufcientbutforcertainapplianceratingsandformsofconstruction,permanentopeningsarenecessary(seeDiagram8).

Permanent ventilation of appliance

compartments

1.5 Appliance compartmentsthatencloseopen-uedcombustion appliancesshouldbeprovidedwithventslargeenoughtoadmitalloftheairrequiredbytheapplianceforcombustionandproperueoperation,whetherthecompartmentdrawsitsairfromaroomordirectlyfromoutside(seeDiagram8(b)and(c)).

1.6 Whereappliancesrequirecoolingair,appliance compartmentsshouldbelargeenoughtoenableairtocirculateandhigh-andlow-levelventsshouldbeprovided(seeDiagram8(d),(e),(f)and(g)).

1.7 Whereappliancesaretobeinstalledwithin

balanced compartments(seeparagraph0.4(2)),specialprovisionswillbenecessaryandtheapplianceandventilationsystemmanufacturersinstructionsshouldbefollowed.

Ventilation of other rooms

or spaces

1.8 Ifanapplianceisroom-sealedbuttakesitscombustionairfromanotherspaceinthebuilding(suchastheroofvoid)orifauehasapermanentopeningtoanotherspaceinthebuilding(suchaswhereitfeedsasecondaryueintheroofvoid),

thatspaceshouldhaveventilationopeningsdirectlytooutside.Wheretheroof-spaceistobeusedasasourceofairforacombustioninstallationservingadwelling,thedwellingroofventilationprovisionssuggestedinApprovedDocumentCwouldnormallybesatisfactory.

1.9 Whereuedappliancesaresuppliedwithcombustionairthroughairventswhichopenintoadjoiningroomsorspaces,theadjoiningroomsorspacesshouldhaveairventopeningsofatleastthesamesizedirecttotheoutside.Airventsforueless appliances,however,shouldopendirectlytotheoutsideair.

Section 1: Provisions which apply generallyto combustion installations




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PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOJ COMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONS

Diagram8 General air supply to a combustion appliance(forsizesseeSections2,3and4)

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Permanently open air vents

1.10 Permanentlyopenairventsshouldbenon-adjustable,sizedtoadmitsufcientairforthepurposeintendedandpositionedwheretheyareunlikelytobecomeblocked.Ventilatorsshouldbeinstalledsothatbuildingoccupantsarenotprovokedintosealingthemagainstdraughtsornoise.Ventilationopeningsshouldnotbemadeinfre-resistingwallsotherthanexternalwalls(althoughtheyshouldnotpenetratethosepartsofexternalwallsshieldingLPGtanks).Airventsshouldnotbelocatedwithinafreplace recessexceptonthebasisofspecialistadvice.

1.11 Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetosizepermanentlyopenairventssothattheirequivalent areaissufcientfortheappliance(s)tobeinstalled(takingaccountwherenecessaryofobstructionssuchasgrillesandanti-verminmesh),andtositethem:

a. outsidefreplace recessesandbeyondthehearthsofopenressothatdustorashwill

notbedisturbedbydraughts;andb. inalocationunlikelytocausediscomfortfrom

colddraughts.

1.12 Whereventilationistobeprovidedviaasingleproprietaryassembly,forexamplewhenitisproposedtouseaproprietaryventilatorwithintegralgrillestobridgeacavitywall,the equivalentareaoftheventilatorshouldbetakenasthatdeclaredbythemanufacturerhavingbeenmeasuredbythemethodinBSEN13141-1:2004.

1.13 Wheretwoormorecomponentsaretobeusedtoprovideanon-proprietaryassembly,the

assemblyshouldbekeptassimpleandsmoothaspossible.Theassemblyshouldbetakentohaveanequivalent areaequaltothatofthecomponentwiththesmallestequivalent areaintheassembly.

1.14 Theequivalent areastatedintheventilatormanufacturersliteratureormarkedontheairventshouldbeusedwheneveritisavailable,asthiscandifferconsiderablyfromthefreeareameasuredatoneendoftheairvent.Whenthisisnotavailabletheequivalent areaofasimpleventilatorwithnointernalbafescanbetakenasthetotalunobstructedcross-sectionalarea,measuredintheplanewherethisareaisataminimumandat

rightanglestothedirectionofairow.Foranairbrick,grilleorlouvrewithaperturesnosmallerthan5mm,itwillbetheaggregatefreeareaoftheindividualaperturesasshownDiagram9.

PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOCOMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONS J

Equivalent

or Free area 1

(a) Ventilator assembled on site from

components

The ventilator area is the smaller of

equivalent area (1 or 2) (as declared

by manufacturer), free area (1 or 2)

(as measured in (b)) or the duct area.

Equivalent

or Free area 2

Diagram9 Ventilator free areas

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1.15 Grillesormeshesprotectingairventsfromtheentryofanimalsorbirdsshouldhaveaperturedimensionsnosmallerthan5mm.

1.16 Discomfortfromcolddraughtscanbeavoidedbysupplyingairdirectlytoappliances,locatingventsclosetoappliances(forexamplebyusingoorvents),bydrawingairfromintermediatespacessuchashallwaysorbyensuringgoodmixingofincomingcoldairbyplacingexternalairventsclosetoceilings(seeDiagrams10and11).Innoisyareasitmaybenecessarytoinstallnoise-attenuatedventilatorstolimittheentryofnoiseintothebuilding.TransferorconnectingventilationshouldbeatlowleveltoreducethetransferofsmokeintheeventofareandotherwisemeettheguidancegiveninApprovedDocumentB.

1.17 Buildingsmayhaveair-tightmembranesintheiroorstoisolatethemfromthegroundbelow.

Ventilationductsorventsinstalledtosupplyairtocombustion appliancesshouldnotpenetratethesemembranesinawaythatwillrenderthemineffective.Suchmembranes(includingradon-proofmembranes)aredescribedinBREReportBR414(2001)andBREReportBR211(2007),whichgiveguidancewhenservicepenetrationsarenecessary.

Provisions complying with both

Part F and Part J

1.18 Roomsorspacesintendedtocontainopen-uedcombustion appliancesmayneedpermanentventilationtocomplywithPartJandadjustableventilationtocomplywithPartF.Permanentlyopenairventsforcombustion

appliancescanbeacceptedinplaceofsomeoralloftheadjustablebackgroundventilationforhealth,dependentuponopeningareaandlocation.HoweveradjustableventsinstalledtomeettherequirementsofPartFcannotbeusedassubstitutesfortheventilationopeningsneededtocomplywithPartJunlesstheyarexedpermanentlyopen.

1.19 Roomsorspacesintendedtocontainueless appliancesmayneed:permanentventilationandpurgeventilation(suchasopenablewindows)tocomplywithPartJ;andadjustableventilationandrapidventilationtocomplywith

PartF.PermanentventilationprovisionstocomplywithPartJmaybeacceptableinplaceofadjustableventilationprovisionsforPartFsubjecttothelimitationsdescribedinParagraph1.18.Openableelementsinstalledfortherapidventilationofroomsandotherprovisionsmadefortherapidventilationofkitchens,inordertocomplywithPartF,maybeacceptableinplaceofopenableelementsfortherapidventilationofroomsorspacescontainingueless appliances.


Well-

Well-

Diagram10 Location of permanent air vent openings, some examples

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Interaction of mechanical extract

ventilation and open-flued

combustion appliances

1.20 Extractfanslowerthepressureinabuilding,whichcancausethespillageofcombustionproductsfromopen-ued appliances.Thiscanoccureveniftheapplianceandthefanareindifferentrooms.Ceilingfansproduceaircurrents

andhencelocaldepressurisation,whichcanalsocausethespillageofuegasesfromopen-uedappliancesorfromsolidfuelopenres.Inbuildingswhereitisintendedtoinstallopen-uedcombustionappliancesandextractfans,thecombustionappliancesshouldbeabletooperatesafelywhetherornotthefansarerunning.Awayofshowingcomplianceinthesecircumstanceswouldbetofollowtheinstallationguidancebelow,andtoshowbyteststhatcombustion appliancesoperatesafelywhetherornotfansarerunning.

a. Forgasappliances:whereakitchencontainsanopen-uedappliance,theextractrateof

thekitchenextractfanshouldnotexceed20litres/second(72m/hour).

b. Foroilappliances:wherearoomcontainsanopen-ued appliancetheextractrateshouldbelimitedto40litres/secondforanappliancewithapressurejetburnerand20litres/secondforanappliancewithavaporisingburner.

c. Forsolidfuelappliances:avoidinstallingextractventilationinthesameroom.Anopen-ued applianceinakitchenmaysatisfytherequirementsofPartFthroughpassivestackventilation.RefertoApproved

DocumentF.Ifmechanicalextractionisunavoidablethenseekspecialistadvicetoensuresafeoperationoftheappliance.

d. Forcommercialandindustrialinstallations,specialistadvicemaybenecessaryregardingthepossibleneedfortheinterlockingofgasheatersandanymechanicalventilationsystems.

e. WhenfansareusedtoextractradonfrombelowabuildingfollowtheguidanceinBREGoodBuildingGuideGBG25.

1.21 Asuitabletestwouldbetocheckforspillagewhenappliancesaresubjectedtothegreatestpossibledepressurisation.Aprerequisiteforthisconditionisthatallexternaldoors,windowsandotheradjustableventilatorstooutsideareclosed.Thedepressurisationattheappliancewilldependontheparticularcombinationoffansinoperation(fansintheroomcontainingtheapplianceandfanselsewhereinthebuilding)andthepatternofopeninternaldoors,hatchesetc.whichisestablishedatthetimeofthetest(whenfansshouldbeontheirmaximumuseablesetting),andthespeciccombinationcausingthegreatestdepressurisationattheappliance

dependsuponthecircumstancesineachcase.Severaltests(whichshouldincludeatestwiththedoorleadingintotheroomofinstallationclosedandallfansinthatroomswitchedon)maythereforebenecessarytodemonstratethesafeoperationoftheappliancewithreasonablecertainty.Theeffectofceilingfansshouldbecheckedduringthetests.

1.22 Thepresenceofsomefansmaybeobvious,suchasthoseonviewinkitchens,butothersmaybelessobvious:fansinstalledindomesticappliancessuchastumbledryersandfansttedtootheropen-ued combustion appliancescan

alsocontributetodepressurisation.Inaddition,fansmayalsobeprovidedtodrawradongasfromthegroundbelowabuilding(seeParagraph1.17).


Diagram11 Provision of permanent air vent openings in a solid floor

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1.23 TheappliancemanufacturersinstallationinstructionsmaydescribeasuitablespillagetestforgasappliancesbuttheprocedureinBS5440-1:2008canbeused.Foroil-redappliancestheeffectsoffanscanbecheckedand,wherespillageoruedraughtinterferenceisidentied,itmaybenecessarytoaddadditionalventilationtotheroomorspace.Auedraught

interferencetestforoil-redappliancesisdescribedinOFTECTechnicalBooks2,4and5.

Provision of flues

1.24 Appliancesotherthanueless appliancesshouldincorporateorbeconnectedtosuitableueswhichdischargetotheoutsideair.

1.25 ThisApprovedDocumentprovidesguidanceonhowtomeettherequirementsintermsofconstructingaueorchimney,whereeachueservesoneapplianceonly.FluesdesignedtoservemorethanoneappliancecanmeettherequirementsbyfollowingtheguidanceinBS5410-1:1997foroil-andBS5440-1:2008forgas-redsystems.However,eachsolidfuelapplianceshouldhaveitsownue.

Condensates in flues

1.26 Chimneysanduesshouldprovidesatisfactorycontrolofwatercondensation.Waysofprovidingsatisfactorycontrolinclude:

a. forchimneysthatdonotservecondensingappliances,byinsulatinguessothatuegasesdonotcondenseinnormaloperation

b. forchimneysthatdoservecondensingappliances:

i. byusingliningcomponentsthatareimpervioustocondensatesandsuitablyresistanttocorrosion(BSEN1443:2003Wdesignation)andbymakingappropriateprovisionsfordraining,avoidingledges,crevices,etc

ii. makingprovisionsforthedisposalofcondensatefromcondensingappliances.

Construction of masonry

chimneys1.27 Newmasonrychimneysshouldbeconstructedwithue linersandmasonrysuitablefortheintendedapplication.Waysofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetousebricks,medium-weightconcreteblocksorstone(withwallthicknessesasgiveninSection2,3or4accordingtotheintendedfuel)withsuitablemortarjointsforthemasonryandsuitablysupportedandcaulkedliners.Linerssuitableforsolidfuelappliances(andgenerallysuitableforotherfuels)couldbe:

a. linerswhoseperformanceisatleastequalto

thatcorrespondingtothedesignationT400N2D3G,asdescribedinBSEN1443:2003,suchas:

i. clayue linerswithrebatesorsocketsforjointingmeetingtherequirementsforClassA1N2orClassA1N1asdescribedinBSEN1457:2009;or

ii. concreteue linersmeetingtherequirementsfortheclassicationType

A1,TypeA2,TypeB1orTypeB2asdescribedinBSEN1857:2003;or

iii. otherproductsthatmeetthecriteriaina).

1.28 Linersshouldbeinstalledinaccordancewiththeirmanufacturersinstructions.Appropriatecomponentsshouldbeselectedtoformtheuewithoutcuttingandtokeepjointstoaminimum.Bendsandoffsetsshouldbeformedonlywithmatchingfactory-madecomponents.Linersneedtobeplacedwiththesocketsorrebateendsuppermosttocontainmoistureandothercondensatesintheue.Jointsshouldbesealedwithrecement,refractorymortarorinstalledinaccordancewiththeirmanufacturersinstructions.

Spacesbetweentheliningandthesurroundingmasonryshouldnotbelledwithordinarymortar.Intheabsenceoflinermanufacturersinstructions,thespacecouldbelledwithaweakinsulatingconcretesuchasmixturesof:

a. onepartordinaryPortlandcementto20partssuitablelightweightexpandedclayaggregate,minimallywetted;or

b. onepartordinaryPortlandcementto6partsVermiculite;or

c. onepartordinaryPortlandcementto10partsPerlite.

Construction of flueblock

chimneys

1.29 Flueblock chimneysshouldbeconstructedoffactory-madecomponentssuitablefortheintendedapplicationinstalledinaccordancewiththemanufacturersinstructions.Waysofmeetingtherequirementforsolidfuelappliances(andgenerallysuitableforotherfuels)includeusing:

a. ueblockswhoseperformanceisatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationT400N2D3G,asdescribed

inBSEN1443:2003,suchas:i. clayueblocksatleastmeetingthe

requirementsforClassFB1N2asdescribedinBSEN1806:2006

ii. otherproductsthatmeetthecriteriaina).

b. blockssuitableforthepurposelinedinaccordancewithParagraph1.27.

1.30 Jointsshouldbesealedinaccordancewiththeueblockmanufacturersinstructions.Bendsandoffsetsshouldbeformedonlywithmatchingfactory-madecomponents.

PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOJ COMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONS N



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Material change of use

1.31 Whereabuildingistobealteredfordifferentuse(e.g.itisbeingconvertedintoats)thefre resistanceofwallsofexistingmasonrychimneysmayneedtobeimprovedasshowninDiagram12.

Connecting fluepipes1.32 Satisfactorycomponentsforconstructingconnectinguepipesinclude:

a. castironuepipescomplyingwithBS41:1973(1998)

b. metaluepipesappropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-2:2004tosuittheapplianceandtypesoffuelstobeburntrefertodetailedguidanceinSections2,3and4.

c. vitreousenamelledsteelpipecomplyingwithBS6999:1989(1996)

d. otheruepipeshavingthenecessaryperformancedesignationforusewiththeintendedappliance.

1.33 Fluepipeswithspigotandsocketjointsshouldbettedwiththesocketfacingupwardstocontainmoistureandothercondensatesintheue.Jointsshouldbemadegas-tight.A

satisfactorywayofachievingthiswouldbetouseproprietaryjointingaccessoriesor,whereappropriate,bypackingjointswithnon-combustibleropeandrecement.

Repair of flues

1.34 Itisimportanttothehealthandsafetyofbuildingoccupantsthatrenovations,refurbishmentsorrepairstoue linersshouldresultinuesthatcomplywiththerequirementsofJ2toJ5.Thetestproceduresreferredtoinparagraph1.55andinAppendixEcanbeusedtocheckthis.

1.35 FluesarecontrolledservicesasdenedinRegulation2oftheBuildingRegulations,thatistosaytheyareservicesinrelationtowhichPartJofSchedule1imposesrequirements.Ifrenovation,refurbishmentorrepairamountstoorinvolvestheprovisionofaneworreplacementue liner,itisbuildingworkwithinthemeaningofRegulation3oftheBuildingRegulations.Buildingworkandmustnotbeundertakenwithoutpriornoticationtothelocalauthority.Examplesofworkthatwouldneedtobenotiedinclude:

a. reliningworkcomprisingthecreationofnewuewallsbytheinsertionofnewliningssuchasrigidorexibleprefabricatedcomponents

Diagram12 Material change of use: fire protection of chimneys passingthrough other dwellings

PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOCOMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONS JI O N



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b. acastinsitulinerthatsignicantlyalterstheuesinternaldimensions.

Anyoneindoubtaboutwhetherornotanyrenovation,refurbishmentorrepairworkinvolvingaueisnotiablebuildingwork,couldconsultthebuildingcontroldepartmentoftheirlocalauthority,oranapprovedinspector.

Re-use of existing flues1.36 Whereitisproposedtobringaueinanexistingchimneybackintouseortore-useauewithadifferenttypeorratingofappliance,theueandthechimneyshouldbecheckedand,ifnecessary,alteredtoensurethattheysatisfytherequirementsfortheproposeduse.Awayofcheckingbeforeand/orafterremedialworkwouldbetotesttheueusingtheproceduresinAppendixE.

1.37 Awayofrefurbishingdefectiveueswouldbetolinethemusingthematerialsand

componentsdescribedinSections2,3,and4dependentuponthetypeofcombustionapplianceproposed.Beforereliningues,theyshouldbeswepttoremovedeposits.

1.38 Auemayalsoneedtobelinedtoreducetheueareatosuittheintendedappliance.Oversizeuescanbeunsafe.

1.39 Ifachimneyhasbeenrelinedinthepastusingametalliningsystemandtheapplianceisbeingreplaced,themetallinershouldalsobereplacedunlessthemetallinercanbeproventoberecentlyinstalledandcanbeseentobeingoodcondition.

Use of flexible metal flue liners for

the relining of chimneys

1.40 Awayofreliningachimneywouldbetouseaexiblemetalue liner,appropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-2:2004tosuittheappliance,fuelanduegascharacteristics.Flexibleue linersshouldbeusedonlytorelineachimneyandshouldnotbeusedastheprimarylinerofanewchimney.Theycanbeusedtoconnectgasbackboilerstochimneyswheretheapplianceislocatedinafreplace recess.

Use of plastic fluepipe systems

1.41 Awayofusingplasticuesystemsandlinerswouldbetouseaplasticue,appropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN14471:2005tosuitetheappliance,fuelanduecharacteristics.Plasticuepipesystemscanbeacceptableinsomecases,forexamplewithcondensingboilerinstallations,wheretheuepipesaresuppliedbyorspeciedbytheappliancemanufacturerasbeingsuitableforpurpose.

Factory-made metal chimneys

1.42 Waysofmeetingtherequirementswhenproposingactory-made metal chimneysinclude:

a. usingcomponentsystemsappropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003tosuittheapplianceandtypesoffuelstobeburntandinstallingtheminaccordancewiththerelevantrecommendationsofBSEN15287-1:2007;

b. forgasandforoilapplianceswhereuetemperatureswillnotnormallyexceed250C,usingtwin-walledcomponentsystems(and,forgas,single-walledcomponentsystems)appropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003tosuittheapplianceandtypesoffuelstobeburntandinstallinggasappliancesinaccordancewithBS5440-1:2008;

c. usinganyotherchimneysystemthatissuitablefortheintendedpurposeandinstalledinaccordancewiththerelevantrecommendationsinBSEN15287-1:2007orBS5440-1:2008,asappropriatetothetypeofappliancebeinginstalled.

1.43 Whereaactory-made metal chimneypassesthroughawall,sleevesshouldbeprovidedtopreventdamagetotheueorbuildingthroughthermalexpansion.Tofacilitatethecheckingofgas-tightness,jointsbetweenchimneysectionsshouldnotbeconcealedwithinceilingjoistspacesorwithinthethicknessesofwallswithoutproperaccessbeingprovided(seeparagraph1.47).

1.44 Whenprovidingaactory-made metalchimney,provisionshouldbemadetowithdrawtheappliancewithouttheneedtodismantlethechimney.

1.45 Factory-made metal chimneysshouldbekeptasuitabledistanceawayfromcombustiblematerials.WaysofmeetingtherequirementforchimneysdesignatedtoBSEN1856-1:2003comprise:

a. locatingthechimneynotlessthandistancexxfromcombustiblematerial,wherexxisdenedinBSEN1856-1:2003asshowninDiagram13;

b. whereachimneypassesthroughacupboard,storagespaceorroofspace,providingaguardplacednoclosertotheouterwallof

thechimneythanthedistanceina)above.1.46 Whereaactory-made metal chimneypenetratesafre compartmentwalloroor,itmustnotbreachthereseparationrequirementsofPartB.SeeApprovedDocumentBformoreguidancebuttherequirementsmaybemetby:

a. usingaactory-made metal chimneyoftheappropriateleveloffre resistanceinstalledinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003AnnexNA;or

b. casingthechimneyinnon-combustiblematerialgivingatleasthalfthefre resistance

recommendedforthefre compartmentwalloroor.




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Concealed flues

1.47 Whereaueisroutedwithinavoid,appropriatemeansofaccessatstrategiclocationsshouldbeprovidedtoallowthe

followingaspectstobevisuallycheckedandconrmed.Thisisnecessarybothwhenanapplianceisrstinstalledandsubsequentlywhentheapplianceisserviced:

theueiscontinuousthroughoutitslength

alljointsappearcorrectlyassembledandareappropriatelysealed

theueisadequatelysupportedthroughoutitslength

anyrequiredgradientoffallbacktotheboiler(requiredtorecoverthecondensateproducedaspartofthecombustionprocess)andany

otherrequireddrainpointshavebeenprovided.

Meansofaccessforuesneedstobesufcientlysizedandpositionedtoallowavisualinspectiontobeundertakenoftheue,particularlyatany

jointsintheue.Itisnotintendedthatthemeansofaccessshouldbesizedtoallowfullphysical

accesstotheuesystem.Diagram14showsanacceptableapproachforaueinanceilingvoid.

Fluesshouldnotpassthroughanotherdwellingsinceaccessforinspectionmaynotalwaysbeavailabletothatdwellingandchimneysystemrunningthroughit.Fluesmaypassthroughcommunalareasincludingpurpose-designedductswhereinspectionaccessisprovided.

Anymeansofaccessshouldnotimpairanyre,thermaloracousticrequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.RefertotherelevantguidanceinApprovedDocumentsB,LandE.Wherenecessary,inspectionpanelsorhatchesshouldbettedwithresilientsealsandprovidethesimilarstandardsofre,thermalandacousticisolationtothesurroundingstructure.

Accesshatchesshouldbeatleast300mmx300mmorlargerwherenecessarytoallowsufcientaccesstothevoidtolookalongthelengthoftheue.Digram14showsanacceptableapproachtoprovidingaccesstoahorizontaluelocatedwithinaceilingvoid.


Distance xx

distance (xxmm) asdesignated to BS EN 1856-1

xx

xx

Diagram13 The separation of combustible material from a factory-made metalchimney designated to BS EN 1856-1:2003

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Configuration of natural draught

flues serving open-flued

appliances

1.48 Fluesystemsshouldofferleastresistancetothepassageofuegasesbyminimisingchangesindirectionorhorizontallength.Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetobuilduessothattheyarestraightandverticalexceptfortheconnectionstocombustion applianceswithrearoutletswherethehorizontalsectionshouldnotexceed150mm.Wherebendsareessential,theyshouldbeangledatnomorethan45tothevertical.

1.49 Provisionsshouldbemadetoenableuestobesweptandinspected.Awayofmakingreasonableprovisionwouldbetolimitthenumberofchangesofdirectionbetweenthecombustion applianceoutletandtheue outlettonotmorethanfour(eachupto45),withnotmorethantwoofthesebeingbetweenan

intendedpointofaccessforsweepingandeitheranotherpointofaccessforsweepingortheueoutlet.(90factory-madebends,elbowsorTeepiecesinuepipesmaybetreatedasbeingequaltotwo45bends(seeDiagram15)).


Flue terminal Flue terminal

External wall

Internalwall

Inspection hatch

x

x

x

Inspection hatch

Concealedflue connection

All voids containing concealed flues should have at least one inspection hatchmeasuring at least 300mm square.

No flue joint within the void should be more than 1.5m distant from the edge of

the nearest inspection hatch, i.e. dimension x in the diagram should be less than 1.5m.

Where possible inspection hatches should be located at changes of direction.Where this is not possible then bends should be viewable from both directions.

Accessibleflue connection

Boiler A

Boiler B

Any intervening jointsto be visible within1.5m of an inspectionhatch

Any intervening jointsto be visible within1.5m of an inspectionhatch

Inspection hatch

Inspection hatch

+

x

x

Diagram14 Example locations of access panels for concealed horizontal flues

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Inspection and cleaning openings

in flues

1.50 Aueshouldnothaveopeningsintomorethanoneroomorspaceexceptforthepurposesof:

a. inspectionorcleaning;or

b. ttinganexplosiondoor,draught break,draught stabiliserordraught diverter.

1.51 Openingsforinspectionandcleaningshouldbeformedusingpurposefactory-madecomponentscompatiblewiththeuesystem,havinganaccesscoverthathasthesamelevelofgas-tightnessastheuesystemandanequallevelofthermalinsulation.Openingsforcleaningtheueshouldalloweasypassageofthesweepingbrush.Coversshouldalsobenon-combustibleexceptwherettedtoacombustible

uepipe(suchasaplasticuepipe).Aftertheappliancehasbeeninstalled,itshouldbepossibletosweepthewholeue.

Flues discharging at low level

near boundaries

1.52 Fluesdischargingatlowlevelnearboundariesshoulddosoatpositionswherethebuildingownerwillalwaysbeabletoensuresafeuegasdispersal.Awayofachievingthiswhereownersofadjacentlandcouldbuilduptotheboundarywouldbetoadoptthesuggestionsin

Diagram34or41,asrelevant.

Dry lining around fireplace

openings

1.53 Whereadecorativetreatment,suchasareplacesurround,masonrycladdingordry

lining,isprovidedaroundareplaceopening,anygapsthatcouldallowuegasestoescapefromthereplaceopeningintothevoidbehindthedecorativetreatmentshouldbesealedtopreventsuchleakage.Thesealingmaterialshouldbecapableofremaininginplacedespiteanyrelativemovementbetweenthedecorativetreatmentandthefreplace recess.

Condition of combustion

installations at completion

1.54 Responsibilityforachievingcompliance

withtherequirementsofPartJrestswiththepersoncarryingoutthework.Thatpersonmaybe,e.g.,aspecialistrmdirectlyengagedbyaprivateclientoritmaybeadeveloperormaincontractorwhohascarriedoutworksubjecttoPartJorengagedasub-contractortocarryitout.Inordertodocumentthestepstakentoachievecompliancewiththerequirements,areportshouldbedrawnupshowingthatmaterialsandcomponentsappropriatetotheintendedapplicationhavebeenusedandthatueshavepassedappropriatetests.AsuggestedchecklistforsuchareportisgivenatAppendixAandguidanceontestingisgivenatAppendixE.Other

formsofreportmaybeacceptable.Specialistrmsshouldprovidethereporttotheclient,developerormaincontractor,whomaybeaskedfordocumentationbytheBuilding Control Body.


Diagram15 Bends in flues

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1.55 Fluesshouldbecheckedatcompletiontoshowthattheyarefreefromobstructions,satisfactorilygas-tightandconstructedwithmaterialsandcomponentsofsizeswhichsuittheintendedapplication.Wherethebuildingworkincludestheinstallationofacombustionappliance,testsshouldcoveruepipesand[thegas-tightnessof]jointsbetweenuepipesand

combustion applianceoutlets.AspillagetesttocheckforcompliancewithJ2shouldbecarriedoutwiththeapplianceunderre,aspartoftheprocessofcommissioningtocheckforcompliancewithPartL,and(inrelevantcases)asrequiredbytheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations.

1.56 Hearthsshouldbeconstructedwithmaterialsandcomponentsofsizestosuittheintendedapplicationandshouldshowtheareawherecombustiblematerialsshouldnotintrude.

Notice plates for hearths and flues

(Requirement J5)1.57 Whereahearth,replace(includingauebox),ueorchimneyisprovidedorextended(includingcaseswhereaueisprovidedaspartoftherefurbishmentwork),informationessentialtothecorrectapplicationanduseofthesefacilitiesshouldbepermanentlypostedinthebuilding.AwayofmeetingthisrequirementwouldbetoprovideanoticeplateasshowninDiagram16conveyingthefollowinginformation:

a. thelocationofthehearth,replace(orue box)orthelocationofthebeginningoftheue;

b. thecategoryoftheueandgenerictypesofappliancesthatcanbesafelyaccommodated;

c. thetypeandsizeoftheue(oritslinerifithasbeenrelined)andthemanufacturers

name;d. theinstallationdate.

1.58 Noticeplatesshouldberobust,indeliblymarkedandsecurelyxedinanunobtrusivebutobviouspositionwithinthebuildingsuchas:

a. nexttotheelectricityconsumerunit;or

b. nexttothechimneyorhearthdescribed;or

c. nexttothewatersupplystop-cock.

1.59 ForchimneyproductswhoseperformancecharacteristicshavebeenassessedinaccordancewithaEuropeanStandard(EN)andwhicharesuppliedormarkedwithadesignation,theinstallermayoptionallyincludethisdesignationonthelabelasshowninDiagram16.

Access to combustion appliances

for maintenance

1.60 Thereshouldbeapermanentmeansofsafeaccesstoappliancesformaintenance.Roofspaceinstallationsofgas-redappliancesshouldcomplywiththerequirementsofBS6798:2009.

Diagram16 Example notice plate for hearths and flues




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Air supply to appliances

2.1 AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoadoptthegeneralguidancegiveninSection1,beginningatParagraph1.2,inconjunctionwiththeguidancebelow.

2.2 AnyroomorspacecontaininganapplianceshouldhaveapermanentairventopeningofatleastthesizeshowninTable1.Forappliancesdesignedtoburnarangeofdifferentsolidfuelstheairsupplyshouldbedesignedtoaccommodateburningthefuelthatproducesthehighestheatingoutput.

2.3 Somemanufacturersmayspecifyeven

largerareasofpermanentlyopenairventsoromittospecifyarated output(forexampleinthecaseofacooker).Inthesecases,manufacturersinstallation instructionsshouldbefollowedsubjecttoanyminimumventilationprovisionsofthisApprovedDocument.

Table1 Air supply to solid fuel appliances

Type of appliance Type and amount of ventilation (1)

Openappliance,suchasanopenfirewithnothroat,e.g.afireunderacanopyasin

Diagram23.

Permanentlyopenairvent(s)withatotalequivalentareaofatleast50%ofthecrosssectionalareaoftheflue.

Openappliance,suchasanopenfirewithathroatasinDiagrams22and29.

Permanentlyopenairvent(s)withatotalequivalentareaofatleast50%ofthethroatopeningarea.(2)

Otherappliance,suchasastove,cookerorboiler,withafluedraughtstabiliser.

Permanentlyopenventsasbelow:

Ifdesignairpermeability>5.0m3/(h.m2)then

300mm2/kWforfirst5kWofapplianceratedoutput

850mm2/kWforbalanceofapplianceratedoutput

Ifdesignairpermeability5.0m3/(h.m2)then850mm2/kWofapplianceratedoutput(4)

Otherappliance,suchasastove,cookerorboiler,withnofluedraughtstabiliser.

Permanentlyopenventsasbelow:

Ifdesignairpermeability>5.0m3/(h.m2)then

550mm2/kWofapplianceratedoutputabove5kW

Ifdesignairpermeability5.0m3/(h.m2)then550mm2perkWofapplianceratedoutput(4)

Notes:

1. EquivalentareaisasmeasuredaccordingtothemethodinBSEN13141-1:2004orestimatedaccordingtoparagraph1.14.Dividetheareagiveninmm2by100tofindthecorrespondingareaincm2

2. ForsimpleopenfiresasdepictedinDiagram29,therequirementcanbemetwithroomventilationareasasfollows:

Nominalfiresize(fireplaceopeningsize) 500mm 450mm 400mm 350mm

Totalequivalentareaofpermanentlyopenairvents 20,500mm2 18,500mm2 16,500mm2 14,500mm2

3. Example:anappliancewithafluedraughtstabiliserandaratedoutputof7kWwouldrequireanequivalentareaof:[5x300]+[2x850]=3200mm2

4. Itisunlikelythatadwellingconstructedpriorto2008willhaveanairpermeabilityoflessthan5.0m3/(h.m2)at50Paunlessextensivemeasureshavebeentakentoimproveair-tightness.SeeAppendixF.

Size of flues

2.4 Fluepipesshouldhavethesamediameterorequivalentcross-sectionalareaasthatoftheapplianceue outletandshouldnotbesmallerthanthesizerecommendedbytheappliancemanufacturer.

2.5 FluesshouldbeatleastthesizeshowninTable2relevanttotheparticularappliance,andnotlessthanthesizeoftheapplianceue outletorthatrecommendedbytheappliancemanufacturer.

Section 2: Additional provisions forappliances burning solid fuel (including solidbiofuel) with a rated output up to 50kW




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2.6 Formulti-fuelappliances,theueshouldbesizedtoaccommodateburningthefuelthatrequiresthelargestue.

Table2 Size of flues in chimneys

Installation (1) Minimum flue size

Fireplacewithanopeningofupto500mmx550mm 200mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan175mm

Fireplacewithanopeninginexcessof500mmx550mmorafireplaceexposedontwoormoresides

Seeparagraph2.7.Ifrectangular/squarefluesareusedtheminimumdimensionshouldbenotlessthan200mm

Closedapplianceofupto20kWratedoutputwhich:a) burnssmokelessorlow-volatilesfuel(2)orb) isanappliancewhichmeetstherequirementsof

theCleanAirActwhenburninganappropriatebituminouscoal(3)

orc) isanappliancewhichmeetstherequirementsof

theCleanAirActwhenburningwood(3)

125mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan100mmforstraightfluesor125mmforflueswithbendsoroffsets

PelletburnerorpelletboilerwhichmeetstherequirementsoftheCleanAirAct(3)

125mmdiameter

Thismaybereducedtonolessthan100mmwhenpermittedbytheappliancemanufacturerandsupportedbycalculationaccordingtoBSEN13384-1:2002.Thiscalculationcanbeappliedtoanindividualinstallationormanufacturerscanprovideprecalculateddesigns.

Otherclosedapplianceofupto30kWratedoutputburninganyfuel

150mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan125mm

Closedapplianceofabove30kWandupto50kWratedoutputburninganyfuel

175mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan150mm

Notes:

1. Closedappliancesincludecookers,stoves,roomheatersandboilers.

2. Fuelssuchasbituminouscoal,untreatedwoodorcompressedpaperarenotsmokelessorlow-volatilesfuels.

3. Theseappliancesareknownasexemptedfireplaces.

ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDJ FUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW

2.7 Forreplaceswithopeningslargerthan500mmx550mmorreplacesexposedontwoormoresides(suchasareplaceunderacanopyoropenonbothsidesofacentralchimneybreast)awayofshowingcompliancewouldbetoprovideauewithacross-sectionalareaequalto15percentofthetotalfaceareaofthereplaceopening(s)(seeAppendixB).However,specialistadviceshouldbesoughtwhenproposingtoconstructueshavinganareaof:

a. morethan15percentofthetotalfaceareaofthereplaceopenings;or

b. morethan120,000mm(0.12m).

Height of flues

2.8 Fluesshouldbehighenoughtoensuresufcientdraughttocleartheproductsofcombustion.Theheightnecessaryforthiswilldependuponthetypeoftheappliance,theheightofthebuilding,thetypeofueandthenumberofbendsinit,andanassessmentoflocalwindpatterns.However,aminimumue

heightof4.5mcouldbesatisfactoryiftheguidanceinParagraphs2.10to2.12isadopted.

Asanalternativeapproach,thecalculationprocedurewithinBSEN13384-1:2005canbe

usedasthebasisfordecidingwhetherachimneydesignwillprovidesufcientdraught.

2.9 Theheightofaueservinganopenreismeasuredverticallyfromthehighestpointatwhichaircanenterthereplacetothelevelatwhichtheuedischargesintotheoutsideair.Thehighestpointofairentryintothereplacecouldbethetopofthereplaceopeningor,forareunderacanopy,thebottomofthecanopy.The

heightofaueservingaclosedapplianceismeasuredverticallyfromtheapplianceoutlet.

Outlets from flues

2.10 Theoutletfromaueshouldbeabovetheroofofthebuildinginapositionwheretheproductsofcombustioncandischargefreelyandwillnotpresentarehazard,whateverthewindcondit