building technologies program...apr 19, 2012 · high efficiency troffer specification webinar...

High Efficiency Troffer Specification Webinar commercialbuildings.energy.gov

BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM

Commercial Building Energy Alliance

High Efficiency Troffer Specification Webinar

April 19, 2012

Jeff McCullough, LC (PNNL)

Michael Myer, LC (PNNL)

Kevin Powell (GSA)


• What is the Commercial Building Energy Alliance?

• Why Troffers?

• General Services Administration (GSA) Green

Proving Ground

• What’s the specification?

• Specification Approach

• Specification Details

• Q & A

Order of the day


The Commercial Building Energy Alliances

(CBEAs) work with the U.S. Department of Energy

(DOE) and its national laboratories to help guide

research and encourage industry to move toward

energy-efficient design and strategies.

What are CEBAs?

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.thecotilliononline.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/home-depot-logo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.thecotilliononline.com/2010/04/08/the-home-depot-offers-150000-in-grants-to-improve-campuses-vote-now/&h=448&w=450&sz=53&tbnid=4ZVlRPycUMMpjM:&tbnh=126&tbnw=127&prev=/search?q=home+depot+logo&tbm=isch&tbo=u&zoom=1&q=home+depot+logo&usg=__tJcCwMdJ-FSdaxzlkmFDtwEOFnY=&sa=X&ei=6TjRTYShOKXh0QGQ-omYDg&ved=0CCMQ9QEwAAhttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.thecotilliononline.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/home-depot-logo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.thecotilliononline.com/2010/04/08/the-home-depot-offers-150000-in-grants-to-improve-campuses-vote-now/&h=448&w=450&sz=53&tbnid=4ZVlRPycUMMpjM:&tbnh=126&tbnw=127&prev=/search?q=home+depot+logo&tbm=isch&tbo=u&zoom=1&q=home+depot+logo&usg=__tJcCwMdJ-FSdaxzlkmFDtwEOFnY=&sa=X&ei=6TjRTYShOKXh0QGQ-omYDg&ved=0CCMQ9QEwAA


Informal associations among building owners and operators who want to reduce energy consumption

CBEA GOALs

• Share best practices, energy-use measurement, and

benchmarking

• Advance the business case for energy-efficient buildings

• Deploy advanced technologies through specifications

and information-sharing

• Drive down costs by working with manufacturers and

suppliers on the collective need for energy-efficient

products and technologies

Goals


• Requested by CBEA members

– Retail/Commercial Real Estate and

Hospital Alliances

– Cross-cutting project

• Timeline

– November 2010 a High Performance 2′x2′

Troffer Committee was created

– Specification developed May 2011

– August 2011 DOE/CBEA decide to expand

the 2′x2′ spec. to envelop 1′x4′, 2′x2′ and

2′x4′ troffers

– Final specification issued Feb. 15, 2012

History Troffer Specification


Lots of New Products


Why Troffers?


Size of Market

Type Description Percent

1 Recessed (air and non-air-handling (troffers)) 51

2 Strip Lights 16

3 Plastic Wraparounds 9

4 Industrial 10

5 All Others 14

Fluorescent Market - Percentage By Types Shipped

Total 100

Fluorescent Market† - Percentage By Types Shipped

Breakdown of “Type 1” Recessed

†1998 data reported in NEMA LE-5-2001

Size Percent of “Type 1”

Recessed Percent of

Fluorescent Market

2'x4' 74% 38%

2'x2' 16% 8%

1'x4' 8% 4%

Others 2% 1%

Total 100% 51%


Size of Market (cont.)

Breakdown of Lamp Quantity for 2x4 Recessed Luminaire

Data is outdated!

• Energy Codes have steadily decreased lighting power

densities (LPDs)

• IES illuminance recommendations have decreased

• New troffer designs have entered the market

• New lamps and ballasts are available (± BF, ± Lamps,

T5s, etc.)

†1998 data reported in NEMA LE-5-2001

Lamps Percent

4 46

3 35

2 18

Other (1-lamp, 5, 6, etc.) 1

Total 100


Size of Market

Configuration Mixture Approx. # of

Installations Hours

Input

Power

(W)

Estimated

Energy

(TWh)

2′x4′ 74% 245,587,500 10.5 74 71.3

2′x2′ 16% 53,100,000 10.5 59 12.0

1′x4′ 8% 26,550,000 10.5 44 4.5

Total 100% 331,875,000 87.8

Notes: - 2008 entire energy usage of Ukraine was 90 TWh

- Quantities extrapolated from 2011 DOE SSL Niche Report & NEMA LE5-2001

- Power values assume a mixture of lamps, ballast factors, and ballast efficiencies

- TWh = 1,000,000,000,000 watt-hours


Energy Savings Potential

# of

lamps

Input

Power (W)

Average Savings with

CBEA Spec

Potential Savings from

Controls

LED Fluorescent Maximum Minimum

4 114 52.6% 57.3% 82.9% 52.6%

3 95 43.1% 48.8% 79.5% 43.1%

2 62 12.8% 21.5% 68.6% 12.8%

Notes: - T8 lamps

- Generic Electronic Ballasts (GEB)


GSA

GSA’s

Green Proving

Grounds

9,624 Owned and Leased Assets

30% Metered Energy Reduction, by 2015

NET ZERO In New Construction and Major Remodels, by 2030

EISA 2007

GSA’s Green Proving Ground

Use GSA’s real estate portfolio as a

“proving ground”

Drive innovation in environmental

performance in GSA Federal buildings

Help lead market transformation

through adoption of

“proven” technologies

How Does It Work?

Green Proving Ground

Evaluate effectiveness of technologies and practices in a building operations environment

Metering Occupant satisfaction Building operations Economic return Broader application potential

GSA/Green Proving Ground

LED Pilot Projects

Aberdeen, SD: • T8 Replacement Tube • Evaluate acceptability and performance of LED office lighting retrofit application • Lighting quality met standards, occupant acceptance was good, 50% energy reduction • Payback exceeded life of lamp

San Francisco, CA: • 2 x 2 Troffers and Control • Evaluate the effectiveness of two LED general office lighting troffers and one advanced

lighting controls system through monitoring technology performance and user/installer feedback

• Project results December, 2012


What are the requirements

of the specification?


CBEA Specification Light Output Characteristics

Configuration Minimum Light

Output

Luminaire

Efficacy

(lumens/W)

Spacing Criteria (SC)

LED Fluorescent 0°-180° 90°-270°

2′x4′ 4,000 3,600 74 1.05-1.40 1.15-1.80

2′x2′ 3,000 2,700 69 1.05-1.40 1.10-1.70

1′x4′ 2,000 1,800 74 1.05-1.40 1.15-1.80

• Chromaticity – CCTs: 2700, 3000, 3500, 4000/4100, 4500 (LED only) and

5000K

– CRI: Ra ≥ 80, R9 > 0

– Must use LM-79 for LED


Design Considerations

• SC

– Indicator about

distribution

– 0° – 180°

– 90° – 270°

– Diagonal Courtesy: Acuity Lighting Technical Considerations


Design Considerations (cont.)

Example 2′x4′

• 0 – 180 – 1.24

• 90 – 270 – 1.60

• Horizontal distribution oblong/

asymmetrical

• Vertical distribution batwing distribution

Example 2′x2 ′

• 0 – 180 – 1.26

• 90 – 270 – 1.26

• Horizontal distribution is a circle/

symmetrical

• Vertical distribution cosine distribution


• Fluorescent

– Minimum rated lamp life of 30,000 hours

(12-hour cycle, programmed rapid start

ballast)

• LEDs

– Lumen depreciation of ≥ 77.4% @ 36,000

hours equals ≥ 70% @ 50,000 hours

– Uses LM-80 / TM-21 / ISTMT protocols

• In-situ Temperature Measurement Test

– UL 1598 thermal environment

– LM-80 drive current

– LM-80 case temperature

CBEA Specification Rated Life vs. Lumen Maintenance


Lumen Maintenance Comparison


Lumen Maintenance Comparison (cont.)


• Electrical Characteristics

– Power Factor: ≥ 0.90

– THD: ≤ 20%

• Continuous dimming from 100% to

10%

– Manufacturer must specify compatible

dimming controls

• Driver Efficiency ≥ 85%

• Accessibility

– Replaceable Power Supply Ballast/Driver

– No soldering required for light engine

removal/replacement

CBEA Specification Electrical Characteristics

Courtesy: CREE CR22™ Cree


• Emergency lighting

– Emergency battery pack available factory or field installed

• Dimming Options

– Analog 0-10v dimming

– Step dimming from 100% to at least one preset between 70% and

10%

– Continuous, flicker-free dimming from 100% to 20%



– Open digital dimming protocols, both wires (e.g. DALI or DMX/RDM)

and wireless (e.g. ZigBee)

• Daylight sensing

• Load shedding/demand response

• Centralized Power Conversion/Controls

High Efficiency Troffer Specification (cont.) “Options”


• Controls

– Daylight sensing

– Occupant/motion sensing

– Constant lumen management

– Load shedding/demand response

• Centralized power conversion/controls/metering

– Power conversion

• Centralized AC to DC

• Minimum of four (4) luminaires

– Controls/metering

• < 10W standby

• Temperature, motion detection, voltage and current sensing

• Field-upgradeable for future fixtures/sensors

High Efficiency Troffer Specification (cont.) “Options”


When should I upgrade?


May, 2012

• Lightfair – more products expected to be announced

July 1, 2012

• Most F40T12 and F34T12s will no longer be manufactured

• Virtually no FB40 and FB34T12 U-lamps will be manufactured;

November 14, 2014

• Fluorescent ballasts must be more efficient (6 – 27% more than current)

• Uses new metric “ballast luminous efficiency”

If your space is overlighted by 30% now, and has very high

electrical rates (>$0.15/kwh) and very high relamping costs

(>$50 per lamp), and >5000 hrs operation per year

Upcoming dates


Philadelphia International Airport

• 4 lamps

• Long operating hours

2′ x 4′ Scenario

• High ceiling

• Maintenance affected by security


Retail

• 2 u-bent lamps

• Long operating hours

2′ x 2′ Scenario

• High ceiling

• Appearance matters


Department of Labor Headquarters

• 2-lamp 1′x4′s

• 90 fc average 30" AFF

1′ x 4′ Scenarios

• 230 square feet

• High power density


Question

How can I find products?


DesignLights™ Consortium


– www.designlights.org

http://www.designlights.org/



• Provides data of listed products

• Can search by category:

– Manufacturer

– Product type (linear pendants)

– Efficacy

– Lumen output


Photometry Review

• LED Troffers

– Measured via absolute photometry

– Whole fixture measured at once

• Fluorescent Troffers

– Measured via relative photometry

– Fixture measured (distribution and efficiency)

– Lamp+ballast measured separately

– Allows for different lamp+ballasts to be used in the same fixture


Fluorescent Systems

• Fluorescent Lamps

– CEE “Super T8” lamps

– Lamp requirements going into effect this summer

– Focus on high initial and mean efficacy

• Fluorescent Ballasts

– NEMA/CEE Premium Ballasts

– Lamp ballast requirements go into effect in 2 years

– Focus on ballast efficacy factor (old metric)

• Varies by lamp numbers

• Shifting to Ballast Luminous Efficiency


Fluorescent Troffers and Efficiency

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Inp

ut

Po

wer

(W)

Fixture Efficiency

2x4 Fixture Efficiency vs. Power

2-Lamp

3-Lamp


Question

How does the specification

address glare?


Glare

• What is glare?

– Essentially foreground brightness disproportionately greater than

background brightness

– Hard to determine, dependent on multiple variables

• Source size

• Background luminance

• Viewing position

– CBEA specifications do not have requirements like RP-1-04

• CBEA specification troffer could be used in retail, office, other

places where VDT is not an issue.


Glare

• LED troffer example

– Does the 4,000 lumens requirement prevent troffers from

meeting RP-1-04?

– Table below shows two 2′ x4′ troffers of varying lumen output

– VDT affected by optical design/secondary optics

Angle

from

Vertical

VDT

Int.

VDT

Norm.

0° 45° 90° 0° 45° 90°

4000 lumens 2200 lumens

55° 300 cd --- 678 757 778 366 410 422

65° 220 cd 300 cd 429 522 520 237 287 286

75° 135 cd 185 cd 195 254 189 107 140 104

85° 45 cd 50 cd 24 5 4 13 3 2


Glare

Angle

from

Vertical

VDT

Int.

VDT

Norm.

0° 45° 90° 0° 45° 90°

5272 lumens 3307 lumens

55° 300 cd --- 839 1071 1284 482 859 512

65° 220 cd 300 cd 524 634 439 109 85 57

75° 135 cd 185 cd 229 211 183 19 21 15

85° 45 cd 50 cd 59 48 31 0 2 0

• Fluorescent troffer example

– Does the 4,000 lumens requirement prevent troffers from

meeting RP-1-04?

– Table below shows two 2’x4’ troffers of varying lumen output

– VDT affected by optical design & glare control


More Information & Resources

• Commercial Building Energy Alliance

– http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/alliances/index.html

• High Efficiency Troffer Specification

– http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/alliances/technologies.html

• DOE Solid-State Lighting Program

– www.ssl.energy.gov

• DesignLights™ Consortium

– www.designlights.org

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/alliances/index.htmlhttp://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/alliances/index.htmlhttp://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/alliances/technologies.htmlhttp://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/alliances/technologies.htmlhttp://www.ssl.energy.gov/http://www.designlights.org/


Questions, Answers, Contacts

Jeff McCullough

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Richland, WA

[email protected]

(509) 375-6317

Michael Myer

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Lexington, MA

[email protected]

(781) 862-2321

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


Questions and answers

Title SlideOrder of the dayWhat are CEBAs?CBEA GOALsHistory Troffer SpecificationLots of New ProductsWhy Troffers?Size of MarketEnergy Savings PotentialGSA’sGreen Proving GroundsLED Pilot ProjectsWhat are the requirements of the specification?Light Output CharacteristicsDesign ConsiderationsRated Life vs. Lumen MaintenanceLumen Maintenance ComparisonElectrical Characteristics“Options”When should I upgrade?Upcoming dates2′ x 4′ Scenario2′ x 2′ Scenario1′ x 4′ ScenariosHow can I find products?DesignLights™ ConsortiumPhotometry ReviewFluorescent SystemsHow does the specification address glare?GlareMore Information & ResourcesQuestions, Answers, Contacts

building technologies program...apr 19, 2012 · high efficiency troffer specification webinar...

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