business analysis - introductionxa.yimg.com/kq/groups/19564168/250242664/name/lecture+#+1... ·...

AUC Technologies

Business Analysis - Introduction

Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company

Business Analysis - Introduction

Presented By :

Abubakar Munawar

Project Manager / Lead Business Analyst

[email protected]

AUC Technologies

Agenda

� About The Course

� What is Business Analysis ?

� Some Important Concepts


� Some Important Concepts

� What is Business Analyst and Why That Role Is Important?

� Getting Started As a Business Analyst

� What’s In Next Lecture ?

AUC Technologies

Business Analysis ? Any Idea ?


Any Idea ?

AUC Technologies

About The Course


KnowlTasksInputsTools

&Techniques

Outputs

Task

Knowledge Area [KA]

Task

AUC Technologies

What is Business Analysis ?

Business analysis is the set of tasks and techniques used to work as a

liaison among stakeholders in order to understand the structure, policies,

and operations of an organization, and recommend solutions that enable

the organization to achieve its goals.

International Institute of Business Analysis [IIBA] - BABOK v2.0


Business analysis is the set of tasks, knowledge, and techniques required to

identify business needs and determine solutions to business problems.

Solutions often include a systems development component, but may also

consist of process improvement or organizational change. The person

who carries out this task is called a Business Analyst or BA.

Those BAs who work solely on developing software systems may be called

IT Business Analysts or Technical Business Analysts.

Wikipedia

AUC Technologies

Some Important Concepts


Some Important Concepts

AUC Technologies

Definition - Solutions

Solution

� A solution meets a business need, by solving problems or allowing the organizationto take advantage of an opportunity.


� A solution can be subdivided into components, including the information systemsthat support it, the processes that manage it, and the people who operate it.

� Business analysis helps organizations to define the optimal solution for their needs,given the set of constraints (including time, budget, regulations, and others) underwhich that organization operates.

AUC Technologies

Definition - Scope

Scope

In Project Management, the scope of a project is the sum total of all of itsproducts and their requirements or features.

In Business Analysis we use 2 predominate definitions for Scope:


In Business Analysis we use 2 predominate definitions for Scope:

� Solution Scope is the set of capabilities a solution must support tomeet the business need.

� Project Scope is the work necessary to construct and implement aparticular solution.

AUC Technologies

What is Requirement ?


What is Requirement ?

AUC Technologies

Definition - RequirementA Requirement is:

1. A condition or capability needed by a stakeholder to solve a problem orachieve an objective.

2. A condition or capability that must be met or possessed by a solution orsolution component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other


solution component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or otherformally imposed documents.

3. A documented representation of a condition or capability as in (1) or (2).

� Requirement may be unstated, implied by other requirements, or directlystated and managed.

� Requirement must be clearly communicated to & understood byStakeholders

AUC Technologies

Types of Requirements ?


Types of Requirements ?

AUC Technologies

Types / Level of Requirement� Business Requirements are higher-level statements of the goals, objectives, or needs of the

enterprise. They describe such things the reasons why a project is initiated, the things that the project will achieve, and the metrics which will be used to measure its success.

� Stakeholder Requirements are statements of the needs of a particular stakeholder or class of stakeholders. They describe the needs that a given stakeholder has and how that stakeholder will interact with a solution. Stakeholder Requirements serve as a bridge between Business Requirements and the various classes of solution requirements.


� Solution Requirements describe the characteristics of a solution that meets the business requirements and stakeholder requirements. They are frequently divided, particularly when the requirements describe a software solution, into:

� Functional Requirements describe the behavior and information that the solution will manage. They describe capabilities the system will be able to perform in terms of behaviors or operations – a specific system action or response.

� Non-functional Requirements capture conditions that do not directly relate to the behavior or functionality of the solution, but rather describe environmental conditions under which the solution must remain effective or qualities that the systems must have. They are also known as quality or supplementary requirements.

AUC Technologies

Types / Level of Requirement Continue…..

� Implementation Requirements describe capabilities that the solution must have in order to facilitate transition from the current state of the enterprise to the desired future state, but that will not be needed once that transition is complete. They are further described in the Solution Assessment and Validation.


AUC Technologies

Business Analyst ?


Business Analyst ?

AUC Technologies

“Business analyst is one who manages the entireSystems Requirements Life Cycle fromunderstanding the business need to ensuring thatthe delivered solution meets the need and adds

Business Analyst ?


the delivered solution meets the need and addsvalue to the bottom line”

Whitepaper published by HP “The business analyst : The pivotal I.T. role of the future”

AUC Technologies

Why Business Analyst ?


Why Business Analyst ?

AUC Technologies

Why Business Analyst ?If an organization want :

1. to shorten delivery schedules of your project teamsthrough the reduction of requirements defects


2. to reduce the development effort that is expended onrework due to miscommunication

3. To reduce user-reported defects which originate in therequirements phase of a project

AUC Technologies

Business Analyst &


& Project Success

AUC Technologies

Business Analyst & Project Success

“The projects encounter difficulties not from lack oftechnical expertise but from an inability to gather,understand, analyze and manage businessrequirements and convert them into useable


requirements and convert them into useablesystem specifications”

Whitepaper published by HP “The business analyst : The pivotal I.T. role of the future”

AUC Technologies


Chaos Factors For Project Success

User Involvement 20%

Executive Management Support 15%

Clear Business Objectives 15%

Agile Optimization 10%


Agile Optimization 10%

Emotional Maturity 10%

Project Management Expertise 10%

Financial Management 5%

Skilled Resources 5%

Formal Methodology 5%

Tools & Infrastructure 5%

AUC Technologies

Business Analyst & Project SuccessKey findings from the report, The Impact of Business Requirements on the Success of Technology Projects from IAG Consulting, include (emphasis added):

1. Companies with poor business analysis capability have three times as many project failures as successes.

2. 68% of companies are more likely to have a marginal project or outright failure than a success due to the way they approach business analysis. In fact, 50% of this group’s projects were “runaways” which had any 2 of: taking over 180% of target time to deliver; consuming in excess of


“runaways” which had any 2 of: taking over 180% of target time to deliver; consuming in excess of 160% of estimated budget; or delivering under 70% of the target required functionality.

3. Companies pay a premium of as much as 60% on time and budget when they use poor requirements practices on their projects.

4. Over 41% of the IT development budget for software, staff and external professional services will be consumed by poor requirements at the average company using average analysts versus the optimal organization.

5. The vast majority of projects surveyed did not utilize sufficient business analysis skill to consistently bring projects in on time and budget. The level of competency required is higher than that employed within projects for 70% of the companies surveyed.

AUC Technologies


This chart illustrates the requirements skills gap most companies face:


AUC Technologies

Business Analyst & Project SuccessThe impact of this skills gap is substantial, directly increasing project time, cost, and risk of failure. The “skills gap premium” is reflected in this graph:


AUC Technologies


According to survey respondents, the top three risks threatening the success of projects are :

Unstable, constantly changing requirements (66%)Poor requirement specification (55%)


Poor requirement specification (55%)Client behavior, such as approval delays, requirements

changes and poor communication (42%)

AUC Technologies


Good requirement reduce errors :

60% of software errors are requirement errors

If errors are found during the


If errors are found during the requirement phase, the cost is

$1.00

If found during testing, the cost is $100

AUC Technologies

Why Project Manager Unable to Handle These


Unable to Handle These Failure ?

AUC Technologies

Why Project Manager Unable to Handle These Failure ?

PM Role : A project manager is accountable for developing & delivering a Solution within budget & timelines will limited

resources using Project as a vehicle


Solution

Cost(Resources)

Time(Schedule)

Project Scope

AUC Technologies

Why Project Manager Unable to Handle These Failure ?

BA Role : A business analyst is accountable for defining & ensuring the right Solution is delivered using their Skills as a

vehicle


Solution

People Process

Technology

AUC Technologies

Therefore, Project Manager Need a partner ?


Need a partner ?

AUC Technologies

Lets Collaborate with Your Requirement Lead -The Business Analyst

Requirements

Design


Built & Test

Implementation / Transition

Post Implementation

AUC Technologies

Project Manager & Business Analyst


Business Analyst Collaboration Model

AUC Technologies

During Project Initiation1. Communicates the Stakeholder Vision & Objectives to PM2. Communicates the solutions scope & requirements efforts to allow PM to

start planning process

Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model

Assess Risk of Requirements


Assess Risk of Requirements1. The biggest issue raise the requirement error & delay is lack of SME &

Stakeholder Participation, therefore BA helps PM in identification of stakeholder by using requirements planning techniques

2. The BA also identify business roles & responsibilities of SME, Stakeholders & Project TEAM to ease the communication throughout the project

AUC Technologies

BA Plans the Requirement Efforts1. The BA add value by providing time inputs to PM for :• Gather, Analyze, Review & Document Information• Coordinate with team & clients

Project Planning



Project Planning1. Requirement Planning2. Ensures Availability of SMEs3. Effective Elicitation Techniques & detail analysis results in Complete

Requirements4. Verification & Validation of requirements ensure SME involvement,

ownership & manage expectations of Stakeholders5. Prioritized requirements for better planning & execution

AUC Technologies

BA Role During Design Phase

1. Business TEAM• Ensure business changes are incorporated• Usable Interface

2. Design TEAM



2. Design TEAM• Assist design team in identification of best implementation strategy• Assist in making trade-off decisions• Review designs & specification to ensure business feasibility

3. Management• Update the requirements as necessary• Identify Conflicting & Orphan Requirements• Communicates the Impactss

AUC Technologies

BA Role During Built & Testing1. Built / Unit Testing• Ensure built addresses the required business need

2. System / Integration Testing• Confirm all requirements (overall) addressed in the system• Non-functional requirements are clearly defined & met



• Non-functional requirements are clearly defined & met• Participate in identification & resolution of defects

3. Management• Update the requirements as necessary• Identify Conflicting & Orphan Requirements• Communicates the Impacts• Update the quality & status of built so that corrective actions can be taken

AUC Technologies

BA Role During Scope Management• The BA manage solution scope through Requirement Traceability Matrix.

This help project manager in identification of what’s in scope and what’s not ? along with impact of any change in requirement.

BA Role During Implementation & Transition



BA Role During Implementation & Transition• Ensure users are prepared to receive the product• Manage the resistance to change• Observe Product / Solution in Business Environment• Describe the current & future states • Identify Transition Requirements, facilitate transition & validate transition

succeeding

AUC Technologies

Standardized Approach to software developmentlifecycle keeping in mind the business needs

Better Business ProcessGood RequirementsTransparent Communications

What Results BA Will Bring To Your Organization ?


Transparent CommunicationsEnhance Risk ManagementEfficiencyCustomer SatisfactionCost Reduction

AUC Technologies

Working together PM & BA are Element of Success For Project and


Solution

AUC Technologies

Get Started As A Business Analyst

1. www.theIIBA.org

2. www.ModernAnalyst.com

3. www.BusinessAnalystMentor.com

4. www.LinkedIn.com

1. BA Forum


1. BA Forum

2. Business Analysis Professionals

3. Modern Analyst

4. IIBA

5. www.RequirementsNetwork.com

6. www.PracticalAnalyst.com

7. www.Bridging-The-Gap.com

8. www.BetterProjects.net

AUC Technologies

Get Started As A Business Analyst [Books]

1. Seven Steps to Mastering Business Analysis by Barbara A. Carkenord

2. The Business Analyst's Handbook by Howard Podeswa

3. Business Analysis by Debra Paul and Donald Yeates

4. CBAP Certification Study Guide (2nd Edition) by Richard Larson and Elizabeth Larson

5. Sample Exam Questions: IIBA Certified Business Analysis Professional (CBAP) by


5. Sample Exam Questions: IIBA Certified Business Analysis Professional (CBAP) by

Larry T. Barnard

AUC Technologies

Questions


business analysis - introductionxa.yimg.com/kq/groups/19564168/250242664/name/lecture+#+1... ·...

Documents