Chapter 22: Network Communication And

The Internet

By: Chasity, Jamon, Clifton

Computer networks have lots of pathways that send information back and forth.

Networks can even send the information to each other through radio waves.

Transmission Control protocol(TCP)- controls the sending and receiving of information

The Common Tongue

Telephone network provided the first method for computer communication

Local telephone networks have a central connection point for local telephone lines

Fax machines- used for sending Images over telephone lines

All of the world’s different telephone systems have been linked together in the Public Switched Telephone Network.

Telephone System

There are two types of telephone:

Standard phone- Has a physical phone line that leads all the way back to the phone company.

Cellular phone- has no physical wire, but sends it’s messages in radio signals

Cell phones can communicate over a wide area because they many “cells” of transmitters that pick up and relay phone signals.

A cellular phone is a radio transmitter and receiver.

Types Of Telephones

Computer’s use digital signals- strings of 1s and 0s; to do all processing.

The world wide telephone network developed into an tool that enables you to send sound, pictures and data anywhere on the planet.

Throwing computers into the mix

Is a “super network” of smaller networks.

The central heart of the internet is called the backbone.

Routers provided the connection points between the networks and determine the route for the data.

The Internet ….

routers know the destination of packets of data, they use TCP, which is the common tongue of the internet.

The routers reads the Network ID of each data packet and sends the data packet by the shortest route they know about its destination.

The Internet!

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) leases connections to the internet from on of the backbone networks and in turn, rent a portion of those connections to you.

ISP acts as your gateway to the internet.

Making the Connection: ISP, Dail- up, Dedicated, wireless,Lan

All ISP’s enables you to connect to the internet.

Dialup internet service is a service that allows connectivity to the internet through a standard telephone line

Some offer only dial-up service, where you connect via a modem and then move slowly though the internet.

ISPs provide your on ramp to the internet

ISP Roles and Responsibilities

The network connection consists of three pieces: a modem, a working telephone line, and an ISP.

The modem enables the computer to

communicate to the phone line.

The phone line links between the modem and the computes at the ISP.

The ISP connects to all networks, the internet.

Dial- Up Connection

Dial-up connections provide the least expensive method of getting your computer onto the internet

Prices in the united states average $9.99-$14.99 per month for dial-up.

It also provides the slowest type of connection to the internet.

Benefits, Reliability, and Disadvantages

Modems send and receive data across the internet in measurements of bits per second (bps).

One Kbps is 1,000 bits per second.

One Mbps is 1,000,000 bits per second

Larger numbers meaning faster data transmission rates.

Data Transmission Rates

The fastest dial- up download speed you’ll ever get is around 53 Kbps

It would take around 25seconds at the fastest dial-up speed.

People use the internet for complex things like: international phone calls and video conferencing.

Dial-up Rates

A dedicated connection gives your computer or network access to the internet through a single high- speed connection.

Two technologies dominate the dedicated connection field : Cable & DSL

Dedicated Connections

Cable connection use regular cable TV cables to serve up fast speed.

Cable blows dial-up out the window, with upload speeds of around 384 Kbps and a 2-5 Mbps download.

Cable connects to a cable modem that then connects to a NIC in your PC via an Ethernet cable.

Cable

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) uses your telephone line as its pipeline.

DSL uses bandwidth capacity to send data over the telephone wires without disturbing their ability to carry voice conversation.

DSL requires very little setup from a users standpoint.

DSL

For your computer to send or receive a wireless signal, it needs a WiFi card, which is a piece of hardware that fits into your computer.

The wireless signal connects to a WiFi router and then goes to an ISP.

Wireless Connection

The number one benefit of WiFi technology is its increased mobility.

Interference, updating your older computer and privacy concerns are the disadvantages of WiFi.

Benefits And Disadvantage using WiFi

People use cell phones and Wifi –enabled personal digital assistants (PDAs) to access the internet.

Some phone companies offer internet access for an extra fee.

PDAs and Mobile Phones

Hardware router’s have two sections – a multiple port switch for the LAN and a single Ethernet port for a wide area network (WAN) connection the internet.

A switch, router, and wireless access point are all rolled up into one device.

LAN Connection