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  • BY E. B. MURRAY CO. ANDERSON, S. C.. OCTOPER MMT … · as the Southern terminus of tho road from tho Northwest to tho ocean. Al¬ ready the increased number of vessels seeking that
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BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C.. THURSDAY MORNING. OCTOPER 21 1 MMT VOLUME XVI.-NO. 1.1 THU UOYEIIXOU'S MESSAGE.^ A Review ot tho Situation In South Curo- Una. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, COLUMB.'I, 8. C., Nov. 23, 1880. Gentlemen of the Generul Assembly : At the last regular sesión of tue Geueral Assembly of tim State W. D. Simpson nus elected Chief Justice of tho Supremo Court of 'muh Carolina, and oa the 1st of September lust he resigned the office of Governor of the State of South Caro¬ lina. Tb» Chief Magistracy of tho State bavins thus, under the provisions of the Constitution, devolved upon nie aa Presideut pro tempore of tile« Senate, I immediately assumed thc duties by taking the'oath of office. It now become« my duty, under tho Constitution, to give you information Cf tho condition ol' the Stale, and recom¬ mend for your consideration such meas¬ ures as seem to me necessary or expe¬ dient. I have not had time or opportunity to become sufficiently acquainted with the departments of the State or tho wants and necessities of the peoplo to be able to give such full and satisfactory recom¬ mendations as I am sure my distinguished predecessor would Live made had he continued iu office. I congratulate you, as the representa¬ tives of the people, upon thc great im¬ provement which has been effected in the a Hai rs of South Carolina by tho admin¬ istrations which have had charge of the State Government for tho last four years. The cloud of despondency and gloom which came of prodígate, reckless and corrupt legislation is bciug gradually cleared away, and the hope of a pros¬ perous future invites us to renewed eilbrtfi. Every interest, material and educntional, is being surely and constantly improved. Agriculture, the principal occupation of our peoplo and tho chief source of all wealth, is remunerative, whilst land ia being gradually enhanced not only in price, but in real value. Commerce is extending and adding her stores to tho wealth of the country. Cotton manu¬ factories have been increased in power and number, nud whilst in many por¬ tions of the world such eutcrprises have been run on short time or closed tempo¬ rarily, in South Carolina they have been profitably run on full time. Tho sessions of thc Legislature have been reduced from a duration of several months to about one month. The credit of the State is fast rising to the high positiou it had before the war. Thc rail¬ roads have bcon improved fn condition, and ¡¡are doing an increased business, which indicates, as surely tts anything, tho growing prosperity of the country. The success of the jetties in deepening THE UAR OF CHARLESTON harbor, which is now regarded certnin, will develop a prosperous future for the city, and yet vt ri fy the wisdom of those who in former days selected Charleston as the Southern terminus of tho road from tho Northwest to tho ocean. Al¬ ready the increased number of vessels seeking that pori, and the much larger receipts of cotton than at tho same time last year, indicate the approaching wave of prosperity. Before many years tho great trude of the West will require a port on the Atlantic most accessible to the trade of the WeRt Indies and South America, and nono will be found com¬ bining the advantages of Charleston. We have just passed through ono of our EXCITING QUADRENNIAL ELECTIONS, in which so much is dono to derange the business of the country, disorganize labor and excite the worst passions of the peo¬ ple, especially the most ignorant. I be¬ lieve it would be better for all the inter¬ ests of tho State if we had State electious but once in four years, and then at a time different from thnt on which United States elections are held. If persons held office for four years they would be¬ come better qualified for their duties, and the .State is more interested in having un office well filled than in finding bertha for untried aspirants. To show what progress has been made in the way of REFORM AND ECONOMY under the Democratic administration of the State Government, which went into power four years ago, I ask your atten¬ tion to the expenses of tho State for last year as compared with similar expendi¬ tures for the State while the Legislature was in the entire control of tho Radical party. Taking thc average annual ex¬ penditures of the State Government for the six successive years beginning De¬ cember 1st, 1868: For theso e:r years there were paid and appropriated for contingent hinds $376,832.74, or an an¬ nual amount of $62,805.48. Contingent fund for last vear $6,820.17. Difference ' $55,985.31. * The cost of tho session and expenses of tho General Assembly for tho same period were $2,147,430.07, and besides this am: nut there wero outstanding bills payable issued on account of legislativo expenses for thc same period $102 275 15 tho averago cost of each regulur session being about $320,405.16. Legislative ex¬ penses last year $40,504.32. Difference $270,900.84. Tho averago expenditures for each regular session for six years for attaches and contingent expenses have been about $258.424.65. T-»»t it be borne in mind that this sum represents only the actual payments made. There was a large amount of unpaid claims in the form of legislative pay certificates, esti¬ mated at not less tbau $500,000. Tho corresponding anion o i of ¡asl year, in¬ cluding expenses of pay officers of the General Assembly, was $12,770.35. Dif¬ ference $245,648.30. Dunno* ihren y pa ra ending November 1, 1574, "the cost to the State of perma¬ nent and current printing, and of print¬ ing tho laws in tho newspapers, was $918,620.86. Deducting from this amount all such items as may be called extraordinary, amounting to $375,000, lhere remains as tho cost of printing for three years the RUin'of $543.629.86, oran averago annual cost of $181,209.95. Pub¬ lic printing last year $12,211.40; differ¬ ence $168,998.55. There was collected from tho people in tho years 1873, 1874 and 1875 tho sum of $4,349,461. Of this amount treasurers were paid commissions for collection $151,070; county treasu¬ rers defaulted for $109,988 ; total $261,- 058; having paid in to the. treasury $4,088,403. Amount collected from the people in 1876, 1877 and 1878, $1,908,- 572. Of this amount treasurers were paid commissions for collection $35.000. Amount unpaid but secured by judgment or thoroughly solvent sureties $506 ; total $35,505, leaving paid into the treasury $1,873,067. The saving in money taken from the people $2,440,889. lu money paid treasurers for collection $116,070. In money fraudulently or negligently lost $109,985. Total $2,066,944. Poll taxes for tho common school collected in 1873, 1874. 1875, $177,316; collected in 1876, 1877, 1878, $311,912. THE FINANCIAL INTERESTS OF THE * STATE will, of course, claim your special allen- lion, and iii thc consideration of thia platter I would call your attention to n cartful perusal of the able and lucid re- Fort of Comptroller-General Hag n d. u connection with this matter I think the State adopted tho wisest course in subniittiug to the courts, instead of the uncertain arena of politics, the decision of the vexed question of what was her debt. It was very important that tho matter should be settled definitely and certainly, and ns one Legislature might undo the acts of a previous one, the quest- lion bas been submitted to the same tribunal that settles and decides matters of dixpute and debt between citizens. Tho fellowing is A STATEMENT OK THE PUBLIC PEUT. Totnl consols, $5,210,793.82 ; total de¬ ficiencies, $564.855.98; State scrip (Agri¬ cultural College) $191,800; total funded debt, $5,907,449.80. To be funded for ante-helium principal and interest. 6ay $19ü,ö70.91 ; to be funded for post-bellum principal and interest, say $306.316 ; lo be funded for funduble interests, say $146,689.07 ; to bo funded for bills of the Hunk of the State, say $22,145 ; toto! bonded debt, $6,039,170.78. After all the expense1} and appropriations of thc last fiscal year are paid offther« will remain as a surplus to be carried lo thc fiscul year 1880-81 the amount of $110,000. I' appears from the Comptroller's esti¬ mate that n levy of 4J mills will raise a sui sufficient'to pay the current ex- ¡H uses of the government and the in¬ terest. If tL«s Legislature continues tho mode of coil-ding taxes at two periods of the year thero will bc of course a great un¬ certainty as to the amount in thc treasury on the 1st of July. It is important that the Interest of the debt be met punctual¬ ly, and in order to sustain the credit of the State, I therefore recommend, if the present mode of collecting taxes is to continue, that you authorize the Govern¬ or, Comptroller-General and Treasurer to borrow on temporary loan, if there be not sufficient funds in the treasury, so much as may bo necessary to pay the in¬ terest falling due. I ask your attention to the remarks of the Comptroller on the subject of THE POLL TAX, aud BUggcst the importance of devising soino law by winch tho tax may be more generally collected. I will have occasion to speak of for¬ feited lands aud phosphate mining, in bringing to your attention me report of the Commissioner of Agriculture. The questions, however, of the taxation of phosphate mines, which were brought to the attention of the Legislature ati'.slast session by the Comptfoiler-General, nave not all been settled, but remain for your decision. The report of the Superintendent of Education gives much valuable informa¬ tion as to thc condition of THE PCULIC SCHOOLS. The school fund, the school attendance, number of schools and the number of teachers employed were greater during thc Inst year than at any previous time in the history of this State. In propor¬ tion to her wealth South Carolina is making as liberal provision for education as any other Southern State. During the political canvass of 1876 it was lepeatedly charged that if the Dem¬ ocratic party obtained control of the government educational facilities in gen¬ eral, and especially those of the colored race, wouid be diminished. The follow¬ ing tabular statement of the work of the lust four years furnishes the best a ns wei to those charges : Number of schools 1876-77. 2,483 ; 1877-78, 2,922; 1678-79 2,901 ; 1879-80, 2,973. Increase in num¬ ber" of schools since 1876-77, 490 ; teach¬ ers employed 1876-77, white 1,725 colored 949-total 2,674; 1877-78, whit* 2,091, colored 1,020-total 3,117; 1878- 79, white 2,090, colored 1,076-tota 3,166; 1879-80, whites 2,048, coloree 1,123-totnl 3,171. Increase in numbei of teachers 6iuce 1876-77 497. SCHOOL ATTENDANCE. 1876-77, white 46,444, colored 55,952- total 102,396; 1877-78, white 54,118 colored 62.121-total 116,239, increast 13,84:!; 187S-79, white 58,3(38, coloret 114,095-total 122,463, increase 6,224 187Ü-80, white 61,218, colored 72,853- total 134,072, increase 11,609. Tota increase since 1876-77, 31,678. SCHOOL FUND. 1876-77, $189.352.80 ; 1877-78, $310, 1&7.10; 1878-79, $331,049.90; 1879-8 (estimated), $351,415.50. Tho year 1877-78 was the year ii which the constitutional amendmen relative to thc school tax went int operation. Full reports have not ye been'received from all the counties .ii regard to the school fund for the las year, but the estimate given above i derived from figures carefully compile in tho olliee of the Comptroller-General and is believed to be very nearly accu rate. The report of tho President of Olafli University, which is contained in th report of tue Superintendent of Educe tiou, shows that that institution is in flourishing condition, aud is a Ob rd in ench year increased facilities for th higher education of the colored race. The average of the school sessions fe tho last year was three ant! one-lin months, a slight increase'over tho session of the three preceding years. In Andei BOD County the sessions lusted six month and in nine other counties tho averug length of tho sessions was from four t five months. Tho shortness of the sci »ions in the remaining comities was du in large measure to the fact that a cor siderable portion of the current schot fund had been diverted by authority ( lill. T uolulalnra f.. ^IHIM.*- -0.- - - I-J «»...*»»»« ...ou..w before the Democratic party came inl power. Tho whole amount of thei claims; which havo been reported to tl Superintendent of Éducation, is $201) ÍHU.IÍÜ. Tlie report of tho Superintendent i education gives interesting informatioi showing the many improvements in tl public school system which have bet m ado in tho lust four years. I woul commend to your favorable consideratit tho recommendation in tho report for tl further improvement and dcvclopmei oflhe public schools. The success tho Normal Institute, held ut Spartat burg during the month of August, wi very gratifying. The Claflin Universii ha« a well organized normal dopartmet for thc colored teachers, but tho Norm Institute gare to the whito teachers tl first opportunity afforded them for spec! training. The meeting of this Institu forms an era in the history of education progress in this State. One hundred at ninety-seven teachers attended, and tin allowed a commendable desire to ave themselves of thc great benefits of t! Institute. They voluntarily, and at thc own expenso, gave a month of tin vacation season to study and to the wo nf self-improvement. Tho praise wot t' spirit thus manifested should be cncoi aged by the Legislature. Tho foll ai able rvport of thc distinguished gent man who was the p.îpÀpal of the Ins tuto gives much interesting informât! ns to the work accomplished, aud sho thc importance of continuing it. Exi rience in Europe mid lr» thia country É demonstrated tho necessity for apeo training s» h ¡oís for teachers. Until tl State can found a Normnl Sch'ol. mu good can bc accomplished by tl ehod of institutes during tho Hummer monti Tho Superintendent of Education at tho authority of tin; General Assembly to use*during the next year, for defraying the expenses of the Normal Institute, $1,600 of a fund of $3,776.22, belonging to thc free school fund, and now in the bands of the State Treasurer. This fund, as will bo seen from the report, is the proceeds of an investment of moueys paid in accordance with the provisions of Act No. 378, approved Mr;ch 8, 1871, to establish the Charleston Charitable Asso- ciation of the State of South Carolina for the benefit of the free school fund. The amount of the fund is too small to be of service if divided among the counties of the State, and, even if much iurg^r, no botter use could bo made of it. I recom- mend that the authority asked for bc J granted, under Ruch regulations as th¿ General Assembly may prescribe. The following iable, which is contained in the report of the Superintendent of Education, gives thc number of educa- tiona! institutions now in operation in I this State : Colleges, mnlc nnd female. Professional schools., Industrial training schools. Private academies or high schools Publie academies or high schools. Elementary evening schools. Private elementary schools. Public schools. LUNATIC ASYLUM. The unfortunate nnd helpless condi¬ tion of the inmates of t^is institution np- peals to the best sympathies of our na¬ ture, and I am sure you will give the reports of the board of regents and superiu tendent of the institution t»<-it careful examination and attention which thc im¬ portance of tho matter demands. Tho board consists of gentlemen of much ability and experience in such mntters, who are performing this work of love without compensation, and whose recommendations I commend to your favorable consideration. The general management under their direction, assisted by the skillful super¬ intendent, Dr. Griffin, und thc efficient steward and treasurer, Mr. H. P. Green, hos been successful and economical. Whole number of patients treated 641. There now remain 420, of whom 203 aro males and 217 females ; 208 aro white and 152 colored ; 391 aro State patients nnd 29 pay patients. The increase for the year has teen 45. Of those present 26 .oay be considered curable, 87 doubt¬ ful und 307 incurable. You will per¬ ceive from tho roports of tho snperiuten- dc:.t that much needed improvements havo been made, not only in new build¬ ings but in general repairs; and that provision bas been made against acci¬ dents from Gre, by which a jet of water can bo thrown at any point of thc interi¬ or of both departments in less than two minutes from thc alarm. Tho board of regents have been fortu¬ nato in purchasing tho Purker Farm of of about fifty acres lying close by, with funds saved from the annual appropria¬ tion to the institution. The farm may be made not only a means of wholesome exercise and relaxation lo those patients able to do somo work, but a fruitful source of supplies to the inmates. The Asylum has been so crowded that many applicants have been turned away for want of room, and the counties are not prepared to care for them. The question of building additional room is for your consideration, and I invite your at¬ tention to what the superintendent says on the subject. The estimate for maintainance last year was based on the lowest rate adopt¬ ed in similar institutions; but by pru¬ dent economy and good management a considerable sum has been saved fur tho benefit of the institution. I recommend that the amount asked for maintenance for next year be allowed. Tho Rev. Edwin A. Holies has been faithfully ministering to the spiritual wants of tho inmates. INSTITUTE Ol' THE DEAF, Dl'MD AND BLIND. It appears that tho appropriations to this Institution havo been wisely and economically disbursed. Admitted during thc year, 56 pupils; ono graduated ac two discharged, being incapable of receiving éducation. Nine¬ teen counties of the Stnto have pupils in the school. I think that any one who could visit this institution and see tho progress which these poor unfortunates are mak¬ ing in education, would be satisfied, if a taxpayer, that the smull amount of his contribution, about the 1,350th of his tax, could not bc better employed. The method of imparting articulation and lip reading to deaf mutes, by the system of "Bell's Visible speech," has been introduced, and somo children in the Institution, who were born deaf, have in a little more than three weeks learned co utter distinctly mostof thc consonants, and a portion of the vowel sounds. THE PENITENTIARY. Tho reports of the board of directors and the superintendent of tho Peniten¬ tiary will give yon all the necessary information aa lo this institution. There were on tho roll of the prison, at tho end of thc fiscal year, 500 convicts in ali, a decrease of thirty-five from last report. Tho health of the inmates of the prison has been very good, tho death rate being less that 2 percent. Important improvements have boen made in buildings as well as walls, and the gener.il management of the Peniten¬ tiary, under the very efficient superinten¬ dent, Col. T. J. Lipscomb, seems to be well conducted. Some additional appro¬ priation should be made to mako the buildings secure from fire. The management of tho Penitentiary farms has been attended with success, th« Câtiftàtcd vicar proiu being between $9,000 and $10,000. I think some provision should bc made for the recapture of escaped convicts by providing a reward for the captors. Where criminals aro to bo punished for short terms, say for four or BÍX month", it would be better if they could bo worked on the roads, or for Home other public interest in their own county. The expense of transportation, in many cases, costs about as much as tho labor of the convict is worth. As ene of the prime objects of pun¬ ishment is reform, J, recommend that some provision bv »\iade for the service of a chaplain to minister to the wants of the convicts. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. The able report of this department, made by the commissioner, Col. A*. P. Butler, deserves at your hands a careful consideration. It is tba first report of ita operations since the'act creating tho department, and includes, besides, a statement of its receipts and expendi¬ tures, an exposition of the objects of tho act, also tho system adopted by the commissioner, under tho direction of the board of agriculture, to protect the far¬ mers from the use of inferior fertilizers. It is claimed that tho protection is now ubsolute, while, it is generally conceded, that before it was a failure. Tho modut operandi is given at length in the re¬ port. About 100,000 tons of fertilizers, val¬ ued nt $3,000,000, were sold in tho Stale last year; a - small discount in value per ton of this amount would mako a considerable sum. 12 2 3 si 49 S 203 ._',7'.I3 The office» of phosphate inspector and phosphate agent have been abolished, and the duties thereof aro now per¬ formed by a special assistant of the agricultural bureau. Tho amount nf phosphate rock mined 2nd shipped fur the nine months end¬ ing 30th of September laut, is 53 054 tons, upon which the State has received a royalty of $53,054. As to the concurrent jurisdiction of thc commissioner and the comptroller geueral over tho phosphate mines, «c., I attic your consideration of the matter as expiai:.ed by «hese officers, and that you make such amendments as you may in your wisdom think best. Thc report of the commissioner also includes the report of lb« chemist to tho department, Dr. Charles TJ. Shepard, Jr., and thc report of Mr. E. L. Roche, special assistant. A report of tho fish commissioner, nt »dc by C. J. Huske, a practical pisci¬ culturist, who has charge of that de- Siartment, is included with tho reports, ask a favorable consideration of this subject, us I am satisfied the State will bo amply repaid far the small outlay'made. With facilities for hatching fish eggs and the ready co-operation which is given us by thc United States fish commissioners, it will not be long before a large increase offish will be seen in our waters. It is not an untried experiment. Tho fish commissioners ot New Hampshire report, "as the results of artificial breed¬ ing the price of shad in thc Kew York market had fallen from $18 to ¿-'3 per hundred, and fishermen complained that fish were so plenty they wero unable to get fair pay for the labor of taking them, and that a poor man could now buy as good fish for a shilling, or twenty-five cents, as bc could a few years ugo for a dollar." The following is tho number of fish d:s- tributed in our waters: California sal¬ mon 30,000, Land lock salmoi: 15,000, shad 2,230,000, California trout i,r>00. I also call your attention to the v» «y important subject of immigratioi. em¬ braced in the commissioner's report. A subject of so much importance will, lam Büro, receive thc consideration it C x- serves. You might well consider whell¬ er a portion of tue forfeited lunds could not bo profitably disposed of in settling immigrants. STOCK LAW. While this law would not be accepta ble, and perhaps would not be to thc interest of a majority of the, citizens o some of the counties of thc Stale, yet J am satisfied that it will prove a grea blessing in those counties where it is nov of force. Besides iho lime which is sav ed from so much fence building and rc pairing, and which may be applied t< improvements generally, the soil wil naturally improve much faster by tin vegetation which grows, dies and shade tho land. Thousands of acres which before the law was passed, wen almost valueless, for tho want of timbe to fence against a tock, are being brough into cultivation and use. PUBLIC ROAD8. For moro than a half ceutury the nt tention ol tno members of tho Goners Assembly ol' this State has been repeat edly called to tho bnd condition of ou public highways. The difficulty wit! most of tho roads, especially in the bill portion of thc State, is 'hat they hav been mode with no iden OB to grade; but seem to have beea located in th cowpatbs or Indian trails, straight u and down the hills. The consequence that, ns time progresses, such roads ar becoming worse and more difficult to kee in order. I think it would be better if many < the old roads were abandoned, and nc oncB located by competent engineer There is a class of convicts which about be worked on the. mad?. I hope you wi mature a plnu which will show thatthei is a prospect of our having good roads i some »ime, even if in the future. MILITIA. It is the most important function Government to preserve the peace au guarantee under the laws tho rights person and property. In this State tl military is held in subordination to tl civil authority, but in all well regulate Governments the civil may bciomo ti weak to repress disturbance. Considi the riots in thc great State of Pennsylv nia a fer/ years ago, where it bei'."r necessary to call on the militia. I wou; recommend that you give encourageraei to the volunteer militia. Such organ zationB take pride in their efficienc while the militiamen who muster simp because thc law requires it, would be i awkward squad when* service was r quired. But it is too much to expect youi men to loso their time and pay all tl expenses of their organization. Tl State should give some assistance, and commend the matter to your favorat consideration. Tho Centennial nelfthratii.in nf tho bi tie of Kings Mountain was entirely su cessful aud reflects great credit upi those patriotic citizens who original and conducted it. Many citizens frc our sister States, especially North Cai lina, Virginia and Tennessee, were pr» ont to show their appreciation of the ii oort.ince of Cue event. The victory r; at tho battlo of King's Mountain reanim ted the drooping spirits of the patriots the country, who on the 17th January 171 achieved under Gen. Mnro.-tn anni) glorious victory at the battle of Cowpci This battlo was, in the language of t distinguished historial) Bancroft, t first chain of events that led to t surrender oí cornwallis and the succe ful termination of thc war for Americ Independence. It is proposed to co memórate the ccntenuial of this bat in an appropriate manner, and 1 President of the United States, 1 Governors, and citizens generally, of 1 old thirteen States have been invited co-operate. I hope you will give matte." a favorable consideration. COMMISSIONERS AND MANAGERS ELECTION. According to law, it is the duty of Governor to appoitit commissioners election, "at least sixty days prior to ta such election." I submit that sc provision should bo made for tbe pointment, in tho event the Gover should fail, refuse, or neglect to do duty in the promises. CODIFICATION OF THE LAWS. It is now difficult for a lawyer ascertain what the statute law of State is. Tho modo by which our li have been amended for many years j has had tho effect of almost puttinj out of the power of an uuprofessio person to find tho law in the books. ' Constitution requires a revision, dif and promulgation of our laws every years, and I recommend that it bc d ns soon as possible. CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES. There are several changes which she be made in our organic law, but who' by amendments in the constitutif form, or by convention, is a questioi .«onie doubt. I am inclined to favor former method as the wisest. To elect our judges for life, or du good behavior, I consider ouo of tho best changes that could be made. With a pure, learned, and impartial judiciary, not subject to the whims aud caprices of popular elections, tht rights of person »nd property, as well as the liberty, of the citizens aro safe. But when the high office becomes a re¬ ward for eager partisanship, or the judge has io maiutain his zeal and devotion to party politics, that he may be ro clecfed, then are thc rights of tho peoplo in jeo¬ pardy. I ask your attention to the report of tho secretary of Slate, In which is in¬ cluded tho report of the land commission. Number of acres of land unsold, 66,371 ; total value, $157,076 04 ; balance of pur¬ chase money $47,493 87. You will also find on your table a very full aud explanatory report from T)r. Lebby, who has charge ot tho quarantine station at Charleston. It is a matter of congratulation that our quarantine laws have been for so many years, under his management, efficacious in protecting our citizens from pestilence. Tho Executive Mansion, I am inform¬ ed, requires some repairs and improve¬ ments, and I recommend that you appropriate for th.a purpose and for furniture of a permanent character seven hundred dollars. IN CONCLUSION, gentlemen, I desire to call your attention to what I presume most of you have considered, tho importance of doing something to check tho growing evils of whiskey drinking, and the carrying of concealed weapons. I believe it is gen¬ erally conceded that strict prohibitory InwB have been unsucccsful, yet prudent aud wise legislation can do much goad. Public opiuion ought to enforce tho '*.w against giving or selling liquor to mi¬ nors. And now, in closing this communica¬ tion, permit mc to invoke the blessings of Divine Providenco upon all your delib¬ erations, with tho hope that they may result in good to every citizen of the Commonwealth. TIIOS. II. JETER, Governor. MUNDER OF WILLIAM MADDOX. Abbeville J'rett and Banner. Conflicting reports in reference to tho killing of Mr. Will iain Maddox al his home, near Mnddor's mil', on the Salu¬ da river, in this county, having reached the village, a representative ol tho Prent and Banner yesterday went to the Pcene of the bloody deed. Tho dwelling in which the deceased and his family lived is a log house, with a framed "shed room." The cracks be¬ tween the log" composing tho walls are nicely filled with clay and whitewashed. Notwithstanding this fact, however, there are enough openings to secure sufficient ventilation for hygienic purposes. The house is warmed by r» fireplace five or six feet in width, in which a blazing fire on thc cold morning wau a pleasing sight to one who had been in the weather for four hours. In the house were two beds, a chest, a table, a crudle, a few chairs, and Boraoother articen. Some two years ugo tho residence of Mr. Maddox, which stood between this house and the public road was turned by person or persons unknown to tbb deponent, and sinco that time tho kitchen nos been used ni a dwelling for tho deceased and family. Tho house has two outside doors: the front door opening towards tho public road, and the "spring door" opening on the opposite sido of tue house, and in the direction of the spring from which they used water. Ii! addition to theso doors there is a door to tho "shed room," looking towards tho public road. There is in the main part of tho house a "loft" room in w.tieb tho step¬ son of the deceased slept, ani which was reached by means of a ladder male of a round polo split in two pieces, when cross-bars wore put from oueto tba other. Mr. Vermilliou lived in a much larger house about two hundred yards south¬ east, Sarah Maddox, a colored woman, who onco belonged to Mr. Maddox, lived two hundred yards south-west of Mr. Vermilliou, and three hundred yards south of the dwelling of tho deceased. The lot, barn, stables, &c, are on tho op¬ posite side of the road, all being within a few hundred yards of the twentieth milo post on the road leading from Abbe¬ ville village, and known in that section as tho "Cambridge road." To show how little Mr. Maddox sus¬ pected danger, it is only necessary to state that he had no fastenings to any of the doors of his house, except n "hulton" to each with a screw through the centre, the mero turning of which oithor releases tho shutter or holds lt os the case may be. Tho doors not shutting closely could be opened about as easily from tho nuuido as tho inside of tho house. As a further evidence of his fancied safety in thc hon¬ esty of his neighbors and tho protecting arm of the law to shield him from barm during tho silent watches of tba night, we woula mention tho fact that he had no lock on anything in tho house except on the top of an old chest, the hinge* of which being broken off tho lock was sub¬ stituted for tbem. Between eight and nino o'clock Wed ne.-day night of last week, after Mr. Mud- dox and nts family had gone to bed, a knock was beard at the door. Unexpect- ing tho approach of any one with an evil Intent, without hesitating to ask who was here, he rose from his bod, and opened the door in rcsnonantothn knock Tb TOO men wero plainly visible in tho moon¬ light. One of them said, as he walked into tho house, without being asked to come in : "We want you to let us stay all night with you. We aro wagoners selling whiskey. Our wagons aro stopped up tho road." Mr. Hùddox then said : ''I have no room to accommodate you. My house was bumed two years ago." Tho intruder then said : "If wo cannot get to stay all night with you, give us some fire, that we may build a fire at the camp." At this juncture, owing to tho unnatu¬ ral voice of the stranger and his goneral behavior, and tho quick perception of a woman's instinct, Mrs. Maddox's fears were aroused, and abo began to call her son, a lad of twelve years of age who was sleeping up stairs. She endeavored to awaken Eira for »be purpose of asiating Mr. Maddox in supplying the stranger's request for fire. But owing to the fact that he was a sound sleeper, be was not aroused until a little while later. To the étranger Mr. Maddox replied : "I ara very willing to accommodate you to fire. The fire is in coal». Bring in a board of piece o. bark on which to carry it away." The intruder then stepped back into the yard for a second. Aa he returned Mr. Maddox waa stirring bia fire, with tho tongs, when thc intruder enid : "We would like to get a twenty dollar bill changed." To this Mr. Mattox replied : "I can't see very well at night, and I don't care to do so now. It may be that ! can change it for you ia the morning." By this lime Mr. Maddox bad gather¬ ed in tho tongs as much fire aa ho could hold with them, and offering it to tho man he said : "Wo don't want fire. It'« your money wo want. And wo intend to have it. sir." At this demand Mr. Maddox raised his tongs as if to strike the would-be rob¬ ber. He gave back towards tho door, Mrs. Maddox jumped out of bed, ran through the donr into the "»died room," and out at ho fr ,nt door of that room, while Mr. Aiad JX and bis assailants worein thrtcíf.itíng attitude. As soon i._ Mr. Maddox had followed bia assailant to thc door, he WAS idiot und instantly killed, falling out of the door, clearing the step, which is a big rock, his head maLing au indentation itt the sand as it struck the ground. About this timo tho little son appeared on tho scene. As he ran out of the bouse ho saw "Unelo Billy" lying on the grund in front of thc door, and jumped ov-r him. Ho did not then know whether he was d?ad or was pinyin"; 'pcaum, as ho frequently had fallen down of late. After running to tho front gate in his fright he though thc would return and PCO if the old mnn was really dear'. Acting on this impulse he went back and turned bim over, and become con¬ vinced that life was extinct. Tim de¬ ponent did not understand what brought out thia expression but it ÍB said that one of the gang said s- nettling like this : "If you don't behave yourself, we'll shoot yo' too." One of their number replied, "Un, no, he's a littlo boy. Wo musn't burt him." Meanwhile Mrs. Maddox was running towards the houses of Mr. Vermillion and Sarah Maddox crying "murder." "robbers," "they aro killing Cousin Billy." Sarah Maddox being ea¬ sily waked was first to thc call, and came running with all the speed possible, meet¬ ing Mrs. Maddox half-way. Mr. Vermill¬ ion not knowing tho naturoof thcditliculty thought it better to bc a little deliberate in his movements. After putting on his shoes, arranging his toilet, ho had a colored man lo accompany him to tho house of the deceased where be arrived, he thinks not longer than twenty minutes after the murder. One of tho party is enid to have been posted in tho chimney corner guarding the "spring door," and the path leading from it for the purpose ol'shouting Mrs. Maddox should sho at¬ tempt tu make her escapo, but it is thought she was not shot from thc fact that she ran out of the shed room dcor, in an unexpected direction. PILLAGING TIIL PREMISES. Immediately after Mr. Maddox was shot thc murderers entered the buuso, ran¬ sacked a set of bureau drawers, in tho shed room and carried ofT a littlo trunk. This trunk was thc same which Mr. Mad¬ dox rescued from thc names when bis dwelling was burning two years ago. He then carried it into the garden and told his wife to sit on it, and remember¬ ing Mr. Maddox's words at tho fire, sumo are of tho opinion that they tb jught it well filled with coin. After they carried it lo tho plum thicket on tho sido of the cotlou field tb,'y opened it and found that it contained two dolls, a few rngs, aud a number of underclothing for little children. The murderers got no money, and as far as can be ascertained they rnrripij n way nothing at all. They toot the trunk from beside a chair on whick was piled somo quilts And clothing. Ai night the pocket book was put betweer the folds, where it remained undisturbed There is no truth in tho report that tb« murderers carried off Mr. Maddox's "lane papers." They were kept in the pim chest to which reference was made ai having a lock but no binges to its lid Just nero we would correct another re port. The murderers offered no furthc insult or ¡ujurv to anybody in that sec tion. ON OUR ARRIVAL AT THU HOUSE wo modo enquiry for Mrs. Maddox, bu was informed that sho was at the res! dence of Mrs. Taylor, a mile and a bal distant up tho road, where she br.« livei ever «ince the murder. Remaining 01 the plr-o for c -»bile we saw several pet sons .. .io knew moro or less of the Ba« affair, and thc pumping process was com .Ticnced at once. Wo may bo pardonei if wo refer to one of the colored womoi who Beemeed perfectly willing to tal! about the adair, and seemed sorry tba she could not tell more of it. Wo be lieve she expressed hersolf truthfully an without bias. In speaking of Mr. Mad dox, she apparently did not mean an disrespect by speaking of him as "Mac dox,'* without the usual prefix, and whe speaking of tho ladies who were presen or saw, or beard anything of the difficul ty, sho merely said "Susan," "Jane, "Ann Maria," os the case might be, witt out prefixing "Mrs." or "Miss" as is cu: ternary among polite people in thc mo refined society of somo sections of th country. AN IMPROBADLE BTOIIV. It is currently reported that two m groes now at large in that section of tb country attempted to steal a mule fro thc stable of Levi Shaw, a tenant of M William Latimer. The story goes th; ti colored man. about the complexion a ginger cake, togethor with a negro black as anybody, went Monday mornir about nine or ten o'clock to Levi Wu son's stable' when his wife discovcr< them and wanted to know their businef They wanted a mule aud proposed take ;t by force. The mule kicked, tl woman decoyed them to the house. Tin she slipped away from them, bridled tl Balaam, rodo off in a hurry, ¿kc, & Although ibis story seems to tic excee iij&ij Illili, Miera arc quito a cumber persons who believe it. We were to that about ono hundred men were search of thom. The community is a Rtfttf) aa to ho ready tn heliftvn ur-ur anything they may hear. THE OPINION ENTERTAINED BV SOM is, that the people of that section aro e tirely oft" the track as to the real pert tors of tho crime, and it may be tl reports aro put in circulation to div attention from tho culprits. There i circumstances which has lcd at least a f personB to havo an opinion total different from tho generally accept theory. Two years ago Mr. Maddo dwelling was burnt; thrco weeks bef< bis death, a new pasture gate which s arated his stock waa cut to pieces a totally destroyed ; last Wednesday nij tho murder was committed. It is i impossible for the same enemy to hi committed all these crimes. Mr. M doz was a man who lived almost entir to himself. Ho was a quiet and pee able citizen. Freo from gossip. Alw paid his debts, and in no way was ho aggressive man in the offensive sense the word. It is our opinion that a detective were sent there bo would a astonish tho natives. AKTER TUE MURDER, a well-worn wool hat, on which was c siderable cotton lint was found under body of the Mr. Maddox. In anol place, near the spot where the trunk recovered, a handkerchief waa found v eye boles and mouth hole, blac around tho holes with shoe black and strings attached for tho evident i poseoftieingaround the neck. A pier. pistol was found, which was carilec Mr. John Wilson at Henea Path, pronounced it a piece of a Smith & V son p'etol, of a larger size than ia ord it 1/ found in this «action. * AT MKS. TAYLOK'S wo were met by the good lady herself who is the only sister of tho deceased, We wcro soon scated by ii comfortable lire, when wc informed her of the nature of our business. She then related the facts substanliallyas wo havo given them und ehe expressed and seemed to feel an anxiety to havo tue murderers of bet brother caught nnd brought to justice ; and inquire:) of us what officer usually offered thc reward in such cares. When we informed her that the Governor of the State would, uo doubt, oflbr a suitable reward as he was officially informed of the crime sho seemed greatly pleaded. In a little white Silts. MADDOX CAME OUT, bringing in her arms an infant less than a year old. Situ is at least thirty .years Mi. Maddox's junior, and by uo means an ill-favored lady. She appears to bear her affliction with thu nerve of a stout heart, nnd wns willing to imparl any in¬ formation thnt she could. Thc fact is, however, that she was so badly fright¬ ened thnt she was able to tell but little nf thc difficulty and thc killing. We were informed, though wo did lot hear Mrs. Maddox speak as to this point, that THE LITTLE '"HILDREN WERE EAST ASLEEP, during tho occurrence ; thal they lay in their beds alone, while thc mother went to Mr. Vermillion's house, and during thc time that the robbers were ransacking tho house. MU. MADDOX AND HIS ELDEST DAUGH¬ TER slept in tho bed facing tho door, while Mrs. Maddox and the smaller children occupied thc bed before which tho door flintier opened and partially screened from her view tho various movements of the murderer. Mrs. Maddox was so much excited at thc timo of thc murder thnt she was unable to recollect whether Mr. Maddox and his murderer lind laid violent hands on each other, or whether Mr. Maddox had only raised tho tongs in a threatening manner, but she seemed to think that her husband did not strike his assailant. She was inclined to tho opin¬ ion that it is possible that Mr. Maddox would not have been killed if ho had given up his money when tho demand was made upon him. "But," she ndded, "Mr. Maddox was not that kind of a man. Ile would defend his rights under any circumstances. Wo had very little money in lim house. It took neariy nii that ho had to pay his taxes. I am sor¬ ry now that he didn't give them his money." THE LITTLE UOY SHOOTS. After tho murderers had accomplished their purpose, and had gone awoy{ the lad returned, got his gun and fired it off in tho air, in an aimless mannor. THE ALARM tvas given and a great number of thc neighbors came to the house in a few liours after the murder. The corpse was taken in tho house and cared for. QUARLING THE BRIDGE. In a very short limo after tho killing [tn armed guard was put at tho uiîcîge to intercept any ono who might attempt lo pass. But no one came. SOMETHING Ol" WILLIAM MADDOX'S LIFE. iso was born within a milo of the spot where he was murdered, and had lived in that neighborhood all bis life. Ho was perhaps sixty-eight years of age. LIo lived a life of seclusion from society, and devoted his energies chiefly to the accumulation of wealth, and never mar¬ ried until nevell or eight years ago, when he married his cousin, Mrs. Clara Brown, whose maiden name was Maddox. They have three children-tho youngest being ten months old. 1118 WEALTH. He died the owner of one of tí TC best mills on the river, and is said to have been the owner of two thousand or moro icres of the best land in that commuuity, tvhilo he had thousands of dollars nt in¬ terest. THE WONDER TO US will be, if the murderers in this instance lo not set up and establish a plea of ;el( defence. Did not Maddox pursue iiis assailant? Did ho not lotrcat as he ired? Somo juries wo doubt would «sad¬ ly excuse a man for killing another in a :ase of self-defence Uko this. If our ju¬ ries do not do their duty better and more fearlessly we shall soon soo this country ;oiug to thc bad. HIS ECCENTRICITIES. Although Mr. Maddox's wealth in mnount was equal to the richest in his »immunity, yet the poorest tenant on bis place lind as many of the comforts of lifo is ho enjoyed. TRYINQTO LIVE THE LIFE OF A CHRIS¬ TIAN. In his latter years he has striven with varying success to live in accordance cv i til tho requirements made of man by rds creator, aud some two or three years igo ho joined tho Baptist Church at Turkey Creek. For one who had lived io long without the restraints wnich the '.'hu re h nuts on man ho found tho Chris- ian's life uo easy ono. lie was always zv. trded as au honest man, nnd never railed, to pay every debt which ho mny lave contracted. AN ARREST. A negro mnn from tho neighborhood >f linnea Pctll. whoso namn wnhnvA (nr. gotten, was sent to Abbevillo jail two or direo days ago, charged with being one jf the murderers. Trial Justice Young, who committed him, thinks there is very 'little cviticr.ee âgr.Uiôt linn. Cn our tnp «.e saw ono of thc gentlemen who arrest¬ ed him. Ho said it was in evidenca that thc negro was absent from home on the afternoon previous to tho killing, aud when he returned next day he had mud on his pantaloons. Aiken : Mrs. Ann Erglea was found dead in her boil on tho morning of tho 1th instant. She waa 88 years old.Mm. Elizabeth Howitt, an oldorly lady who was living alon", waa found by her neighbors lying dead on tho lloor of hor house, with ber clothes all burnt off ber body, and hor body horribly burned. Tho Edgóílold, Trenton and Aiken Rail¬ road baa taken a new*start, and tho man¬ agers havo gone to work on a business¬ like basis. They havo engaged a compe¬ tent and skillful engineer, Mr. C. R. Mo- l land, to Whom they havo given tho su¬ perintendence and general management of tho work.Tho county commission¬ ers of Aikeu County havo adopted a plan for a now courthouse.Thora aro forty- four Northum visitors registered at tho Aiken hotels. Abbeville: No political arrosta have yet been mado in Abbovillo.Tho Ma¬ sonic I,odgc at Abbovillo ls rocolving nu¬ merous accessions.The Duo weat people go to bod at 7 o'clock In tho even¬ ing.A new postolllco baa been opened at Warrcnton and will havo a mail tbroo tiinea a week-Tuesdays and Saturdays. Capt. William il. Brooks is tho postmas¬ ter.A haudscmo oravon portrait of tho lato Rev. Dr. Homphlll has boen pre¬ sented to tho Euphonium Literary Society of Erskine College by Dr. O. P. Wonok. .On last Sabbath a dlinoulty occurred in town botw.~,n a printer anda carriage palntor and a duel was very seriously talked of, and tho solo reason why the parties did not rosort to tho "Acid of nonah" was tho religious scruples of ono of the parties to tight on Sabbath. Wild Oat«. Statistical science, that remoreeles» , prophet, reports that out of so many ba- , bies dreaming on their mothers' breasts, there Ehall be numbered so many inebri¬ ates, so many suicides, so many murder¬ ers, so many victims of battle, violence, and sudden death. Inspecting colleges, the etern-browed registrur records that this proportion of young men will honor themselves in their daily walk and con- ? venation, and that will wander by do- vious paths to doubtful ends. Behold- ing ",-wcet girl graduates" with unmel- tirvg gnzp. the seer foretells that theso shall dwell in reputable peace, and those mako shipwreck of their lives. "Forewarned is fore-armed," says tb« old proverb. But while wo heed thc dan¬ ger signal for our boys, we are apt to for¬ get that our girls aro threatened. When n young fellow who has been amiable and correct begins to waste h¡3 time and mon¬ ey on questionable pleasures, to show au abnormal eagerness for excitement and chnnge, to find homo dull and his old amusements tedious, to start off vagabon¬ dizing, "strange countries for to see," ¡ve deal gently with him, if we pre wise. He ii "sowing his wild oats," v.e say. If the crop is harrowed with reproaches and watered with complaining tears, it is likely to provo a large and evil one. Wo help him with kindness and counsel, we give him all the freedom possible, we are wisely blind to much that hurts and humiliates us, we make homo the most delightful of resorts. And we do this becauso we recognize the fnct that a mor¬ al crisis, a spiritual fovcr, is upon bim. Tho eager young blood cnn not longer temperately keep time, as ours, and mako os healthful music. Thero aro laws of physiology as domi¬ nant as any law of morals. ,The adjust¬ ment of tho human soul to its conditions is nicer and moro difficult than those fine mechanical adjustments which aro the wonders of tho age. Tho possibilities of lifo aro^ so vast, ho himself is BO little, tho leaping fluid in his veins is sa vital and insistent, that it is little wonder he goes wrong. Fortunately lhere arc helps on all sides for him. Gymnasiums, base-ball, cricket, swimming, hunting, shooting, rowing, walking, fishing, riding-all these offer themselves to tire his restless body. So¬ cieties, politics, science, art, travel, at¬ tract bis eager mind. Presently the fer¬ mentation of youth subsides, and the clear wine of tnonh.oodi rinh and swnpt nnrj potent, remain. At an earlier age than boys feel it comes n kindred restlessness to girls. Some¬ times it takes .bo shape of miid melan¬ choly metrically expressed in composi¬ tions, or, when it is of n serious nature "strikes io," like a bad form of measles. Sometimes it is Reen as a brazen aggres¬ siveness, such ns young girls show in horse cars or other public places. Some¬ times it is an utter dissatisfaction with till tbat their life knows, nn unspeakable hunger for something other which to their inozperionco, is of necessity bet- ter. In school, occupation is likely to bo incessant, if not absorbing. But the average girl who leaves Behool behind her, leaves also all definite pinn; of era- Kloyment, all fixed interest, all healthful nb its of industry. To ambitious girls full of imagination, energy, and unrecog¬ nized aspirations, a life of dawdling ls is noteuongh. Visiting,dressing, fancy¬ work, parlies, no more satisfy ardent Jane than tlio dull routine of shop, or count¬ ing-room, or office, satisfies eager John. John betakes himself, if he can, on an erabas3ago to the Pigmies, or to fetch him a hair on the great Cham's beard. But alas for Jane! she may not travel. She may not hunt, or swing from paral¬ lel bars, or go into politics. Usually there, is but one en trance into Wonderland for ber, and that is by tho gate of mar¬ riage. She cuducs tho first man she meets with tho grace of Apollo, the wit of Mercury, tho courage of Mars. If father and mother forbid tho banns, abo will elopo with him if she can, or, fancy¬ ing herself broken hearted, marry without love, any man to whom ber parents will givo her. Or, if tho man of nor choice is unobjectiomable. «nd she weds bim with white favors and wedding boils, all the same may tho awakening come when she sees tho ûss's cars and can no longer stick musk-roses in tho smooth, sleek hend. Often nnd often these early and ill-as- Bortcd marriages are simply a girl's wild oats, and what harvest will come of the sowing, who shall say ? It may be sub¬ mission, patience, sweetness, disgrace. But our point is that we do not help Jauo ns we help ber brother to feel ber way through tho tumultuous troubles of youth. If she is un¬ easy, vacillating, with a liking for Btrango company, full of adventure, reaching out for action, addicted to man¬ nish employments, impatient of crochet and decorativo art, we draw ber lines e' osor, Instead of enlarging them. Where wo ehouid give the eager mind absorbing food for thought, the conscious body sufficient scope for action, wo stint the ono and hinder the other. Mothers can not too carefully study and cherish their young daughters at this criticàl spring-lime ot their lives. It is not an instinct for evil, it is "a wish that they hardly dare to own for^some- thing bettor tuan tney nsvc «.now ¡1, which makes girls unmanageable, head strone, even "fast." And thny im«« «. deeper claim than boys on tho utmost parental wisdom, patience, and tenderness as their destruction, when they go astray, is more remediless-Harper's Bazar. - "What will you take to drink?" asked a walter of a young lad, who, for the first time, accompanied his father to a public dinner. Uncertain what to say, and feeling sure he could not do wrong if bo followed his father's example, he replied, "I'll take what father takes." Tho answer reached tho father's ear, and instantly the full responsibility ol his position flashed upon him. "Waiter, I'll take water." And from that day lc this strong drink bas been banished from that man's home. ONE EXPERIENCE FROM MANY.-"1 bad been sick and miserable so long and had caused my husband so much trouble and expense, no one seemed to know what ailed me, tbat I was completely disheartened and discouraged. In thu frame of mind I got a bottle of Hop Bit¬ ters and used them unknown to my fam¬ ily. I soon began tn improve and guned so fast tbat my husband and family thought it strange and unnatural, bul when I told them what had helped me, they said "Hurrah for Hop Bitters J long may they prosper, for they have made mother well nnd us happy."-The Mother.-Horne Journal._ - Cincinnati has a Matrimonial Ben efit Company that pays its members Í benefit upon marriages, as mutual insu rance companies do upon a member^ death. The Cincinnati bachelors pay ai initiation fee of $5 to thia concern ant an assessment of $1 whenever a merabe m-"calvin Phipps, of Bedford, Indiano drank a gallon of whiskey every day fo a mouth, and then died.

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Page 1: BY E. B. MURRAY CO. ANDERSON, S. C.. OCTOPER MMT … · as the Southern terminus of tho road from tho Northwest to tho ocean. Al¬ ready the increased number of vessels seeking that

BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C.. THURSDAY MORNING. OCTOPER 21 1 MMT VOLUME XVI.-NO. 1.1THU UOYEIIXOU'S MESSAGE.^

A Review ot tho Situation In South Curo-Una.

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT,COLUMB.'I, 8. C., Nov. 23, 1880.Gentlemen of the Generul Assembly : Atthe last regular sesión of tue Geueral

Assembly of tim State W. D. Simpsonnus elected Chief Justice of tho SupremoCourt of 'muh Carolina, and oa the 1stof September lust he resigned the officeof Governor of the State of South Caro¬lina. Tb» Chief Magistracy of thoState bavins thus, under the provisionsof the Constitution, devolved upon nie aaPresideut pro tempore of tile« Senate, Iimmediately assumed thc duties bytaking the'oath of office.

It now become« my duty, under thoConstitution, to give you information Cftho condition ol' the Stale, and recom¬mend for your consideration such meas¬ures as seem to me necessary or expe¬dient.

I have not had time or opportunity tobecome sufficiently acquainted with thedepartments of the State or tho wantsand necessities of the peoplo to be ableto give such full and satisfactory recom¬mendations as I am sure my distinguishedpredecessor would Live made had hecontinued iu office.

I congratulate you, as the representa¬tives of the people, upon thc great im¬provement which has been effected in thea Hai rs of South Carolina by tho admin¬istrations which have had charge of theState Government for tho last four years.The cloud of despondency and gloomwhich came of prodígate, reckless andcorrupt legislation is bciug graduallycleared away, and the hope of a pros¬perous future invites us to renewed eilbrtfi.Every interest, material and educntional,is being surely and constantly improved.Agriculture, the principal occupation ofour peoplo and tho chief source of allwealth, is remunerative, whilst land iabeing gradually enhanced not only inprice, but in real value. Commerce isextending and adding her stores to thowealth of the country. Cotton manu¬factories have been increased in powerand number, nud whilst in many por¬tions of the world such eutcrprises havebeen run on short time or closed tempo¬rarily, in South Carolina they have beenprofitably run on full time.Tho sessions of thc Legislature have

been reduced from a duration of severalmonths to about one month. The creditof the State is fast rising to the highpositiou it had before the war. Thc rail¬roads have bcon improved fn condition,and ¡¡are doing an increased business,which indicates, as surely tts anything,tho growing prosperity of the country.The success of the jetties in deepening

THE UAR OF CHARLESTONharbor, which is now regarded certnin,will develop a prosperous future for thecity, and yet vt ri fy the wisdom of thosewho in former days selected Charlestonas the Southern terminus of tho roadfrom tho Northwest to tho ocean. Al¬ready the increased number of vesselsseeking that pori, and the much largerreceipts of cotton than at tho same timelast year, indicate the approaching waveof prosperity. Before many years thogreat trude of the West will require aport on the Atlantic most accessible tothe trade of the WeRt Indies and SouthAmerica, and nono will be found com¬bining the advantages of Charleston.We have just passed through ono of

ourEXCITING QUADRENNIAL ELECTIONS,

in which so much is dono to derange thebusiness of the country, disorganize laborand excite the worst passions of the peo¬ple, especially the most ignorant. I be¬lieve it would be better for all the inter¬ests of tho State if we had State electiousbut once in four years, and then at a timedifferent from thnt on which UnitedStates elections are held. If personsheld office for four years they would be¬come better qualified for their duties, andthe .State is more interested in having unoffice well filled than in finding berthafor untried aspirants. To show whatprogress has been made in the way of

REFORM AND ECONOMYunder the Democratic administration ofthe State Government, which went intopower four years ago, I ask your atten¬tion to the expenses of tho State for lastyear as compared with similar expendi¬tures for the State while the Legislaturewas in the entire control of tho Radicalparty. Taking thc average annual ex¬penditures of the State Government forthe six successive years beginning De¬cember 1st, 1868: For theso e:r yearsthere were paid and appropriated forcontingent hinds $376,832.74, or an an¬nual amount of $62,805.48. Contingentfund for last vear $6,820.17. Difference '

$55,985.31.* The cost of tho session and expensesof tho General Assembly for tho same

period were $2,147,430.07, and besidesthis am: nut there wero outstanding billspayable issued on account of legislativoexpenses for thc same period $102 275 15tho averago cost of each regulur sessionbeing about $320,405.16. Legislative ex¬penses last year $40,504.32. Difference$270,900.84. Tho averago expendituresfor each regular session for six years forattaches and contingent expenses havebeen about $258.424.65. T-»»t it be bornein mind that this sum represents only theactual payments made. There was alarge amount of unpaid claims in theform of legislative pay certificates, esti¬mated at not less tbau $500,000. Thocorresponding anion o i of ¡asl year, in¬cluding expenses of pay officers of theGeneral Assembly, was $12,770.35. Dif¬ference $245,648.30.Dunno* ihren ypa ra ending November

1, 1574, "the cost to the State of perma¬nent and current printing, and of print¬ing tho laws in tho newspapers, was$918,620.86. Deducting from thisamount all such items as may be calledextraordinary, amounting to $375,000,lhere remains as tho cost of printing forthree years the RUin'of $543.629.86, oranaverago annual cost of $181,209.95. Pub¬lic printing last year $12,211.40; differ¬ence $168,998.55. There was collectedfrom tho people in tho years 1873, 1874and 1875 tho sum of $4,349,461. Of thisamount treasurers were paid commissionsfor collection $151,070; county treasu¬rers defaulted for $109,988 ; total $261,-058; having paid in to the. treasury$4,088,403. Amount collected from thepeople in 1876, 1877 and 1878, $1,908,-572. Of this amount treasurers werepaid commissions for collection $35.000.Amount unpaid but secured by judgmentor thoroughly solvent sureties $506 ; total$35,505, leaving paid into the treasury$1,873,067. The saving in money takenfrom the people $2,440,889. lu moneypaid treasurers for collection $116,070.In money fraudulently or negligently lost$109,985. Total $2,066,944. Poll taxesfor tho common school collected in 1873,1874. 1875, $177,316; collected in 1876,1877, 1878, $311,912.THE FINANCIAL INTERESTS OF THE

* STATEwill, of course, claim your special allen-lion, and iii thc consideration of thiaplatter I would call your attention to ncartful perusal of the able and lucid re-

Fort of Comptroller-General Hag n d.u connection with this matter I think

the State adopted tho wisest course insubniittiug to the courts, instead of theuncertain arena of politics, the decisionof the vexed question of what was herdebt. It was very important that thomatter should be settled definitely andcertainly, and ns one Legislature mightundo the acts of a previous one, the quest-lion bas been submitted to the sametribunal that settles and decides mattersof dixpute and debt between citizens.Tho fellowing isA STATEMENT OK THE PUBLIC PEUT.Totnl consols, $5,210,793.82 ; total de¬

ficiencies, $564.855.98; State scrip (Agri¬cultural College) $191,800; total fundeddebt, $5,907,449.80. To be funded forante-helium principal and interest. 6ay$19ü,ö70.91 ; to be funded for post-bellumprincipal and interest, say $306.316 ; lobe funded for funduble interests, say$146,689.07 ; to bo funded for bills ofthe Hunk of the State, say $22,145 ; toto!bonded debt, $6,039,170.78. After all theexpense1} and appropriations of thc lastfiscal year are paid offther« will remainas a surplus to be carried lo thc fisculyear 1880-81 the amount of $110,000.

I' appears from the Comptroller's esti¬mate that n levy of 4J mills will raise asui sufficient'to pay the current ex-¡H uses of the government and the in¬terest.

If tL«s Legislature continues tho modeof coil-ding taxes at two periods of theyear thero will bc of course a great un¬certainty as to the amount in thc treasuryon the 1st of July. It is important thatthe Interest of the debt be met punctual¬ly, and in order to sustain the credit ofthe State, I therefore recommend, if thepresent mode of collecting taxes is tocontinue, that you authorize the Govern¬or, Comptroller-General and Treasurer toborrow on temporary loan, if there benot sufficient funds in the treasury, somuch as may bo necessary to pay the in¬terest falling due.

I ask your attention to the remarks ofthe Comptroller on the subject of

THE POLL TAX,aud BUggcst the importance of devisingsoino law by winch tho tax may be moregenerally collected.

I will have occasion to speak of for¬feited lands aud phosphate mining, inbringing to your attention me report ofthe Commissioner of Agriculture. Thequestions, however, of the taxation ofphosphate mines, which were brought tothe attention of the Legislature ati'.slastsession by the Comptfoiler-General, navenot all been settled, but remain for yourdecision.The report of the Superintendent of

Education gives much valuable informa¬tion as to thc condition of

THE PCULIC SCHOOLS.The school fund, the school attendance,number of schools and the number of

teachers employed were greater duringthc Inst year than at any previous timein the history of this State. In propor¬tion to her wealth South Carolina ismaking as liberal provision for educationas any other Southern State.

During the political canvass of 1876 itwas lepeatedly charged that if the Dem¬ocratic party obtained control of thegovernment educational facilities in gen¬eral, and especially those of the coloredrace, wouid be diminished. The follow¬ing tabular statement of the work of thelust four years furnishes the best a nsweito those charges : Number of schools1876-77. 2,483 ; 1877-78, 2,922; 1678-792,901 ; 1879-80, 2,973. Increase in num¬ber" of schools since 1876-77, 490 ; teach¬ers employed 1876-77, white 1,725colored 949-total 2,674; 1877-78, whit*2,091, colored 1,020-total 3,117; 1878-79, white 2,090, colored 1,076-tota3,166; 1879-80, whites 2,048, coloree1,123-totnl 3,171. Increase in numbeiof teachers 6iuce 1876-77 497.

SCHOOL ATTENDANCE.1876-77, white 46,444, colored 55,952-total 102,396; 1877-78, white 54,118colored 62.121-total 116,239, increast

13,84:!; 187S-79, white 58,3(38, coloret114,095-total 122,463, increase 6,224187Ü-80, white 61,218, colored 72,853-total 134,072, increase 11,609. Totaincrease since 1876-77, 31,678.

SCHOOL FUND.1876-77, $189.352.80 ; 1877-78, $310,1&7.10; 1878-79, $331,049.90; 1879-8

(estimated), $351,415.50.Tho year 1877-78 was the year ii

which the constitutional amendmenrelative to thc school tax went intoperation. Full reports have not yebeen'received from all the counties .iiregard to the school fund for the lasyear, but the estimate given above iderived from figures carefully compilein tho olliee of the Comptroller-Generaland is believed to be very nearly accurate.The report of tho President of Olafli

University, which is contained in threport of tue Superintendent of Educetiou, shows that that institution is inflourishing condition, aud is aOb rd inench year increased facilities for thhigher education of the colored race.The average of the school sessions fe

tho last year was three ant! one-linmonths, a slight increase'over tho sessionof the three preceding years. In AndeiBOD County the sessions lusted six monthand in nine other counties tho averuglength of tho sessions was from four tfive months. Tho shortness of the sci»ions in the remaining comities was duin large measure to the fact that a corsiderable portion of the current schotfund had been diverted by authority (lill. T uolulalnra f.. ^IHIM.*-

-0.- - - I-J «»...*»»»« ...ou..wbefore the Democratic party came inlpower. Tho whole amount of theiclaims; which havo been reported to tlSuperintendent of Éducation, is $201)ÍHU.IÍÜ.

Tlie report of tho Superintendent ieducation gives interesting informatioishowing the many improvements in tlpublic school system which have betm ado in tho lust four years. I woulcommend to your favorable consideratittho recommendation in tho report for tlfurther improvement and dcvclopmeioflhe public schools. The successtho Normal Institute, held ut Spartatburg during the month of August, wivery gratifying. The Claflin Universiiha« a well organized normal dopartmetfor thc colored teachers, but tho NormInstitute gare to the whito teachers tlfirst opportunity afforded them for spec!training. The meeting of this Instituforms an era in the history of educationprogress in this State. One hundred atninety-seven teachers attended, and tinallowed a commendable desire to avethemselves of thc great benefits of t!Institute. They voluntarily, and at thcown expenso, gave a month of tinvacation season to study and to the wonf self-improvement. Tho praise wot t'spirit thus manifested should be cncoiaged by the Legislature. Tho foll aiable rvport of thc distinguished gentman who was the p.îpÀpal of the Instuto gives much interesting informât!ns to the work accomplished, aud shothc importance of continuing it. Exirience in Europe mid lr» thia country Édemonstrated tho necessity for apeotraining s» h ¡oís for teachers. Until tlState can found a Normnl Sch'ol. mugood can bc accomplished by tl ehodof institutes during tho Hummer montiTho Superintendent of Education at

tho authority of tin; General Assembly touse*during the next year, for defrayingthe expenses of the Normal Institute,$1,600 of a fund of $3,776.22, belongingto thc free school fund, and now in thebands of the State Treasurer. This fund,as will bo seen from the report, is theproceeds of an investment of moueys paidin accordance with the provisions of ActNo. 378, approved Mr;ch 8, 1871, toestablish the Charleston Charitable Asso-ciation of the State of South Carolina forthe benefit of the free school fund. Theamount of the fund is too small to be ofservice if divided among the counties ofthe State, and, even if much iurg^r, nobotter use could bo made of it. I recom-mend that the authority asked for bc Jgranted, under Ruch regulations as th¿General Assembly may prescribe.The following iable, which is containedin the report of the Superintendent ofEducation, gives thc number of educa-tiona! institutions now in operation in Ithis State :

Colleges, mnlc nnd female.Professional schools.,Industrial training schools.Private academies or high schoolsPublie academies or high schools.Elementary evening schools.Private elementary schools.Public schools.

LUNATIC ASYLUM.The unfortunate nnd helpless condi¬

tion ofthe inmates of t^is institution np-peals to the best sympathies of our na¬ture, and I am sure you will give thereports ofthe board of regents and superiutendent of the institution t»<-it carefulexamination and attention which thc im¬portance of tho matter demands.Tho board consists of gentlemen of

much ability and experience in suchmntters, who are performing this workof love without compensation, andwhose recommendations I commend toyour favorable consideration.The general management under their

direction, assisted by the skillful super¬intendent, Dr. Griffin, und thc efficientsteward and treasurer, Mr. H. P. Green,hos been successful and economical.Whole number of patients treated 641.

There now remain 420, of whom 203 aromales and 217 females ; 208 aro whiteand 152 colored ; 391 aro State patientsnnd 29 pay patients. The increase forthe year has teen 45. Of those present26 .oay be considered curable, 87 doubt¬ful und 307 incurable. You will per¬ceive from tho roports of tho snperiuten-dc:.t that much needed improvementshavo been made, not only in new build¬ings but in general repairs; and thatprovision bas been made against acci¬dents from Gre, by which a jet of watercan bo thrown at any point of thc interi¬or of both departments in less than twominutes from thc alarm.Tho board of regents have been fortu¬

nato in purchasing tho Purker Farm ofof about fifty acres lying close by, withfunds saved from the annual appropria¬tion to the institution. The farm maybe made not only a means of wholesomeexercise and relaxation lo those patientsable to do somo work, but a fruitfulsource of supplies to the inmates.The Asylum has been so crowded that

many applicants have been turned awayfor want of room, and the counties arenot prepared to care for them. Thequestion ofbuilding additional room is foryour consideration, and I invite your at¬tention to what the superintendent sayson the subject.The estimate for maintainance last

year was based on the lowest rate adopt¬ed in similar institutions; but by pru¬dent economy and good management aconsiderable sum has been saved fur thobenefit of the institution. I recommendthat the amount asked for maintenancefor next year be allowed.Tho Rev. Edwin A. Holies has been

faithfully ministering to the spiritualwants of tho inmates.INSTITUTE Ol' THE DEAF, Dl'MD AND

BLIND.It appears that tho appropriations to

this Institution havo been wisely andeconomically disbursed.Admitted during thc year, 56 pupils;

ono graduated ac two discharged, beingincapable of receiving éducation. Nine¬teen counties of the Stnto have pupils inthe school.

I think that any one who could visitthis institution and see tho progresswhich these poor unfortunates are mak¬ing in education, would be satisfied, if ataxpayer, that the smull amount of hiscontribution, about the 1,350th of his tax,could not bc better employed.The method of imparting articulationand lip reading to deaf mutes, by thesystem of "Bell's Visible speech," hasbeen introduced, and somo children inthe Institution, who were born deaf, havein a little more than three weeks learnedco utter distinctly mostof thc consonants,and a portion of the vowel sounds.

THE PENITENTIARY.Tho reports of the board of directors

and the superintendent of tho Peniten¬tiary will give yon all the necessaryinformation aa lo this institution. Therewere on tho roll of the prison, at thoend of thc fiscal year, 500 convicts in ali,a decrease of thirty-five from last report.Tho health of the inmates of the prisonhas been very good, tho death rate beingless that 2 percent.

Important improvements have boenmade in buildings as well as walls, andthe gener.il management of the Peniten¬tiary, under the very efficient superinten¬dent, Col. T. J. Lipscomb, seems to bewell conducted. Some additional appro¬priation should be made to mako thebuildings secure from fire.The management of tho Penitentiaryfarms has been attended with success,th« Câtiftàtcd vicar proiu being between$9,000 and $10,000.I think some provision should bc madefor the recapture of escaped convicts byproviding a reward for the captors.Where criminals aro to bo punishedfor short terms, say for four or BÍX

month", it would be better if they couldbo worked on the roads, or for Home otherpublic interest in their own county. Theexpense of transportation, in manycases, costs about as much as tho laborof the convict is worth.As ene of the prime objects of pun¬ishment is reform, J, recommend that

some provision bv »\iade for the serviceof a chaplain to minister to the wants ofthe convicts.DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.The able report of this department,made by the commissioner, Col. A*. P.Butler, deserves at your hands a carefulconsideration. It is tba first report of

ita operations since the'act creating thodepartment, and includes, besides, astatement of its receipts and expendi¬tures, an exposition of the objects of thoact, also tho system adopted by thecommissioner, under tho direction of theboard of agriculture, to protect the far¬mers from the use of inferior fertilizers.It is claimed that tho protection is nowubsolute, while, it is generally conceded,that before it was a failure. Tho modutoperandi is given at length in the re¬port.About 100,000 tons of fertilizers, val¬

ued nt $3,000,000, were sold in tho Stalelast year; a - small discount in valueper ton of this amount would mako aconsiderable sum.

1223

si49S

203._',7'.I3

The office» of phosphate inspector andphosphate agent have been abolished,and the duties thereof aro now per¬formed by a special assistant of theagricultural bureau.Tho amount nf phosphate rock mined

2nd shipped fur the nine months end¬ing 30th of September laut, is 53 054tons, upon which the State has receiveda royalty of $53,054.As to the concurrent jurisdiction ofthc commissioner and the comptrollergeueral over tho phosphate mines,

«c., I attic your consideration of thematter as expiai:.ed by «hese officers,and that you make such amendmentsas you may in your wisdom think best.Thc report of the commissioner alsoincludes the report of lb« chemist to thodepartment, Dr. Charles TJ. Shepard,Jr., and thc report of Mr. E. L. Roche,special assistant.A report of tho fish commissioner,

nt»dc by C. J. Huske, a practical pisci¬culturist, who has charge of that de-Siartment, is included with tho reports,ask a favorable consideration of thissubject, us I am satisfied the State will boamply repaid far the small outlay'made.With facilities for hatching fish eggs andthe ready co-operation which is given usby thc United States fish commissioners,it will not be long before a large increaseoffish will be seen in our waters.

It is not an untried experiment. Thofish commissioners ot New Hampshirereport, "as the results of artificial breed¬ing the price of shad in thc Kew Yorkmarket had fallen from $18 to ¿-'3 perhundred, and fishermen complained thatfish were so plenty they wero unable toget fair pay for the labor of taking them,and that a poor man could now buy asgood fish for a shilling, or twenty-fivecents, as bc could a few years ugo for adollar."The following is tho number of fish d:s-

tributed in our waters: California sal¬mon 30,000, Land lock salmoi: 15,000,shad 2,230,000, California trout i,r>00.I also call your attention to the v» «yimportant subject of immigratioi. em¬braced in the commissioner's report. Asubject of so much importance will, lamBüro, receive thc consideration it C x-

serves. You might well consider whell¬er a portion of tue forfeited lunds couldnot bo profitably disposed of in settlingimmigrants.

STOCK LAW.While this law would not be acceptable, and perhaps would not be to thc

interest of a majority of the, citizens osome of the counties of thc Stale, yet Jam satisfied that it will prove a greablessing in those counties where it is novof force. Besides iho lime which is saved from so much fence building and rcpairing, and which may be applied t<improvements generally, the soil wilnaturally improve much faster by tinvegetation which grows, dies and shadetho land. Thousands of acres whichbefore the law was passed, wenalmost valueless, for tho want of timbeto fence against a tock, are being broughinto cultivation and use.

PUBLIC ROAD8.For moro than a half ceutury the nt

tention ol tno members of tho GonersAssembly ol' this State has been repeatedly called to tho bnd condition of oupublic highways. The difficulty wit!mostof tho roads, especially in the billportion of thc State, is 'hat they havbeen mode with no iden OB to grade;but seem to have beea located in thcowpatbs or Indian trails, straight uand down the hills. The consequencethat, ns time progresses, such roads arbecoming worse and more difficult to keein order.

I think it would be better if many <the old roads were abandoned, and nconcB located by competent engineerThere is a class of convicts which aboutbe worked on the. mad?. I hope you wimature a plnu which will show thattheiis a prospect of our having good roads isome »ime, even if in the future.

MILITIA.

It is the most important functionGovernment to preserve the peace auguarantee under the laws tho rightsperson and property. In this State tlmilitary is held in subordination to tlcivil authority, but in all well regulateGovernments the civil may bciomo tiweak to repress disturbance. Considithe riots in thc great State of Pennsylvnia a fer/ years ago, where it bei'."rnecessary to call on the militia. I wou;recommend that you give encourageraeito the volunteer militia. Such organzationB take pride in their efficiencwhile the militiamen who muster simpbecause thc law requires it, would be iawkward squad when* service was rquired.

But it is too much to expect youimen to loso their time and pay all tlexpenses of their organization. TlState should give some assistance, andcommend the matter to your favoratconsideration.Tho Centennial nelfthratii.in nf tho bi

tie of Kings Mountain was entirely sucessful aud reflects great credit upithose patriotic citizens who originaland conducted it. Many citizens frcour sister States, especially North Cailina, Virginia and Tennessee, were pr»ont to show their appreciation of the iioort.ince of Cue event. The victory r;at tho battlo ofKing's Mountain reanimted the drooping spirits of the patriotsthe country, who on the 17th January 171achieved under Gen. Mnro.-tn anni)glorious victory at the battle of CowpciThis battlo was, in the language of tdistinguished historial) Bancroft, tfirst chain of events that led to tsurrender oí cornwallis and the succeful termination of thc war for AmericIndependence. It is proposed to comemórate the ccntenuial of this batin an appropriate manner, and 1President of the United States, 1Governors, and citizens generally, of 1old thirteen States have been invitedco-operate. I hope you will givematte." a favorable consideration.COMMISSIONERS AND MANAGERS

ELECTION.According to law, it is the duty of

Governor to appoitit commissionerselection, "at least sixty days prior to tasuch election." I submit that scprovision should bo made for tbepointment, in tho event the Govershould fail, refuse, or neglect to doduty in the promises.

CODIFICATION OF THE LAWS.It is now difficult for a lawyerascertain what the statute law of

State is. Tho modo by which our lihave been amended for many years jhas had tho effect of almost puttinjout of the power of an uuprofessioperson to find tho law in the books. '

Constitution requires a revision, difand promulgation of our laws everyyears, and I recommend that it bc dns soon as possible.

CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES.There are several changeswhich she

be made in our organic law, but who'by amendments in the constitutifform, or by convention, is a questioi.«onie doubt. I am inclined to favorformer method as the wisest.To elect our judges for life, or du

good behavior, I consider ouo of tho bestchanges that could be made.With a pure, learned, and impartialjudiciary, not subject to the whims aud

caprices of popular elections, tht rightsof person »nd property, as well as theliberty, of the citizens aro safe.But when the high office becomes a re¬

ward for eager partisanship, or the judgehas io maiutain his zeal and devotion toparty politics, that he may be ro clecfed,then are thc rights of tho peoplo in jeo¬pardy.

I ask your attention to the report oftho secretary of Slate, In which is in¬cluded tho report of the land commission.Number of acres of land unsold, 66,371 ;total value, $157,076 04 ; balance of pur¬chase money $47,493 87.You will also find on your table a veryfull aud explanatory report from T)r.

Lebby, who has charge ot tho quarantinestation at Charleston. It is a matter ofcongratulation that our quarantine lawshave been for so many years, under hismanagement, efficacious in protectingour citizens from pestilence.Tho Executive Mansion, I am inform¬

ed, requires some repairs and improve¬ments, and I recommend that youappropriate for th.a purpose and forfurniture of a permanent character sevenhundred dollars.

IN CONCLUSION,gentlemen, I desire to call your attentionto what I presume most of you haveconsidered, tho importance of doingsomething to check tho growing evils ofwhiskey drinking, and the carrying ofconcealed weapons. I believe it is gen¬erally conceded that strict prohibitoryInwB have been unsucccsful, yet prudentaud wise legislation can do much goad.Public opiuion ought to enforce tho '*.wagainst giving or selling liquor to mi¬nors.And now, in closing this communica¬

tion, permit mc to invoke the blessings ofDivine Providenco upon all your delib¬erations, with tho hope that they mayresult in good to every citizen of theCommonwealth.

TIIOS. II. JETER, Governor.MUNDER OF WILLIAM MADDOX.

Abbeville J'rett and Banner.Conflicting reports in reference to tho

killing of Mr. Will iain Maddox al hishome, near Mnddor's mil', on the Salu¬da river, in this county, having reachedthe village, a representative ol tho Prentand Banner yesterday went to the Pceneof the bloody deed.Tho dwelling in which the deceased

and his family lived is a log house, witha framed "shed room." The cracks be¬tween the log" composing tho walls arenicely filled with clay and whitewashed.Notwithstanding this fact, however, thereare enough openings to secure sufficientventilation for hygienic purposes. Thehouse is warmed by r» fireplace five orsix feet in width, in which a blazing fireon thc cold morning wau a pleasing sightto one who had been in the weather forfour hours. In the house were two beds, achest, a table, a crudle, a few chairs, andBoraoother articen. Some two years ugotho residence ofMr. Maddox, which stoodbetween this house and the public roadwas turned by person or persons unknownto tbb deponent, and sinco that time thokitchen nos been used ni a dwellingfor tho deceased and family. Thohouse has two outside doors: thefront door opening towards tho publicroad, and the "spring door" opening onthe opposite sido of tue house, and in thedirection of the spring from which theyused water. Ii! addition to thesodoors there is a door to tho "shedroom," looking towards tho publicroad. There is in the main part of thohouse a "loft" room in w.tieb tho step¬son of the deceased slept, ani which wasreached by means of a ladder male of around polo split in two pieces, whencross-bars wore put from oueto tba other.Mr. Vermilliou lived in a much largerhouse about two hundred yards south¬east, Sarah Maddox, a colored woman,who onco belonged to Mr. Maddox,lived two hundred yards south-west ofMr. Vermilliou, and three hundred yardssouth of the dwelling of tho deceased.The lot, barn, stables, &c, are on tho op¬posite side of the road, all being withina few hundred yards of the twentiethmilo post on the road leading from Abbe¬ville village, and known in that sectionas tho "Cambridge road."To show how little Mr. Maddox sus¬

pected danger, it is only necessary tostate that he had no fastenings to any ofthe doors of his house, except n "hulton"to each with a screw through the centre,the mero turning of which oithor releasestho shutter or holds lt os the case may be.Tho doors not shutting closely could beopened about as easily from tho nuuidoas tho inside of tho house. As a furtherevidence of his fancied safety in thc hon¬esty of his neighbors and tho protectingarm of the law to shield him from barmduring tho silent watches of tba night, wewoula mention tho fact that he had nolock on anything in tho house except onthe top of an old chest, the hinge* ofwhich being broken off tho lock was sub¬stituted for tbem.

Between eight and nino o'clock Wedne.-day night of last week, after Mr. Mud-dox and nts family had gone to bed, aknock was beard at the door. Unexpect-ing tho approach of any one with an evilIntent, without hesitating to ask who washere, he rose from his bod, and openedthe door in rcsnonantothn knock TbTOOmen wero plainly visible in tho moon¬light. One of them said, as he walkedinto tho house, without being asked tocome in :"We want you to let us stay all nightwith you. We aro wagoners sellingwhiskey. Our wagons aro stopped uptho road."Mr. Hùddox then said : ''I have no

room to accommodate you. My housewas bumed two years ago."Tho intruder then said : "If wo cannot

get to stay all night with you, give ussome fire, that we may build a fire at thecamp."At this juncture, owing to tho unnatu¬

ral voice of the stranger and his goneralbehavior, and tho quick perception of awoman's instinct, Mrs. Maddox's fearswere aroused, and abo began to call herson, a lad of twelve years ofage whowas sleeping up stairs. She endeavoredto awaken Eira for »be purpose of asiatingMr. Maddox in supplying the stranger'srequest for fire. But owing to the factthat he was a sound sleeper, be was notaroused until a little while later.To the étranger Mr. Maddox replied :

"I ara very willing to accommodate youto fire. The fire is in coal». Bring in aboard of piece o. bark on which to carryit away."The intruder then stepped back into

the yard for a second. Aa he returnedMr. Maddox waa stirring bia fire, withtho tongs, when thc intruder enid :"We would like to get a twenty dollar

bill changed."To this Mr. Mattox replied : "I can't

see very well at night, and I don't careto do so now. It may be that ! canchange it for you ia the morning."By this lime Mr. Maddox bad gather¬ed in tho tongs as much fire aa ho couldhold with them, and offering it to thoman he said :

"Wo don't want fire. It'« your moneywo want. And wo intend to have it.sir."At this demand Mr. Maddox raised his

tongs as if to strike the would-be rob¬ber. He gave back towards tho door,Mrs. Maddox jumped out of bed, ranthrough the donr into the "»died room,"and out at ho fr ,nt door of that room,while Mr. Aiad JX and bis assailantsworein thrtcíf.itíng attitude. As soon i._Mr. Maddox had followed bia assailant tothc door, he WAS idiot und instantly killed,falling out of the door, clearing the step,which is a big rock, his head maLing auindentation itt the sand as it struck theground. About this timo tho little sonappeared on tho scene. As he ran out ofthe bouse ho saw "Unelo Billy"lying on the grund in front of thc door,and jumped ov-r him. Ho did not thenknow whether he was d?ad or waspinyin"; 'pcaum, as ho frequently hadfallen down of late. After running totho front gate in his fright he though thcwould return and PCO if the old mnn wasreally dear'.Acting on this impulse he went backand turned bim over, and become con¬

vinced that life was extinct. Tim de¬ponent did not understand what broughtout thia expression but it ÍB said that oneof the gang said s- nettling like this : "Ifyou don't behave yourself, we'll shootyo' too." One of their number replied,"Un, no, he's a littlo boy. Wo musn'tburt him." Meanwhile Mrs. Maddoxwas running towards the houses of Mr.Vermillion and Sarah Maddox crying"murder." "robbers," "they aro killingCousin Billy." Sarah Maddox being ea¬sily waked was first to thc call, and camerunning with all the speed possible, meet¬ing Mrs. Maddox half-way. Mr. Vermill¬ion not knowing tho naturoofthcditlicultythought it better to bc a little deliberatein his movements. After putting on hisshoes, arranging his toilet, ho had acolored man lo accompany him to thohouse of the deceased where be arrived,he thinks not longer than twenty minutesafter the murder. One of tho party isenid to have been posted in tho chimneycorner guarding the "spring door," andthe path leading from it for the purposeol'shouting Mrs. Maddox should sho at¬tempt tu make her escapo, but itis thought she was not shot fromthc fact that she ran out of the shedroom dcor, in an unexpected direction.

PILLAGING TIIL PREMISES.Immediately after Mr. Maddox wasshot thc murderers entered the buuso, ran¬

sacked a set of bureau drawers, in thoshed room and carried ofT a littlo trunk.This trunk was thc same which Mr. Mad¬dox rescued from thc names when bisdwelling was burning two years ago.He then carried it into the garden andtold his wife to sit on it, and remember¬ing Mr. Maddox's words at tho fire, sumoare of tho opinion that they tb jught itwell filled with coin. After they carriedit lo tho plum thicket on tho sido of thecotlou field tb,'y opened it and foundthat it contained two dolls, a few rngs,aud a number of underclothing for littlechildren. The murderers got no money,and as far as can be ascertained theyrnrripij n way nothing at all. They tootthe trunk from beside a chair on whickwas piled somo quilts And clothing. Ainight the pocket book was put betweerthe folds, where it remained undisturbedThere is no truth in tho report that tb«murderers carried offMr. Maddox's "lanepapers." They were kept in the pimchest to which reference was made aihaving a lock but no binges to its lidJust nero we would correct another report. The murderers offered no furthcinsult or ¡ujurv to anybody in that section.

ON OUR ARRIVAL AT THU HOUSEwo modo enquiry for Mrs. Maddox, buwas informed that sho was at the res!dence of Mrs. Taylor, a mile and a baldistant up tho road, where she br.« liveiever «ince the murder. Remaining 01the plr-o for c -»bile we saw several petsons .. .io knew moro or less of the Ba«affair, and thc pumping process was com.Ticnced at once. Wo may bo pardoneiif wo refer to one of the colored womoiwho Beemeed perfectly willing to tal!about the adair, and seemed sorry tbashe could not tell more of it. Wo believe she expressed hersolf truthfully anwithout bias. In speaking of Mr. Maddox, she apparently did not mean andisrespect by speaking of him as "Macdox,'* without the usual prefix, and whespeaking of tho ladies who were presenor saw, or beard anything of the difficulty, sho merely said "Susan," "Jane,"Ann Maria," os the case might be, wittout prefixing "Mrs." or "Miss" as is cu:ternary among polite people in thc morefined society of somo sections of thcountry.

AN IMPROBADLE BTOIIV.It is currently reported that two m

groes now at large in that section of tbcountry attempted to steal a mule frothc stable of Levi Shaw, a tenant of MWilliam Latimer. The story goes th;ti colored man. about the complexiona ginger cake, togethor with a negroblack as anybody, went Monday mornirabout nine or ten o'clock to Levi Wuson's stable' when his wife discovcr<them and wanted to know their businefThey wanted a mule aud proposedtake ;t by force. The mule kicked, tlwoman decoyed them to the house. Tinshe slipped away from them, bridled tlBalaam, rodo off in a hurry, ¿kc, &Although ibis story seems to tic exceeiij&ij Illili, Miera arc quito a cumberpersons who believe it. We were tothat about ono hundred men weresearch of thom. The community isa Rtfttf) aa to ho ready tn heliftvn ur-ur

anything they may hear.THE OPINION ENTERTAINED BV SOM

is, that the people of that section aro etirely oft" the track as to the real perttors of tho crime, and it may be tlreports aro put in circulation to divattention from tho culprits. There icircumstances which has lcd at least a fpersonB to havo an opinion totaldifferent from tho generally accepttheory. Two years ago Mr. Maddodwelling was burnt; thrco weeks bef<bis death, a new pasture gate which sarated his stock waa cut to pieces atotally destroyed ; last Wednesday nijtho murder was committed. It is iimpossible for the same enemy to hicommitted all these crimes. Mr. Mdoz was a man who lived almost entirto himself. Ho was a quiet and peeable citizen. Freo from gossip. Alwpaid his debts, and in no way was hoaggressive man in the offensive sensethe word. It is our opinion thata detective were sent there bo would aastonish tho natives.

AKTER TUE MURDER,a well-worn wool hat, on which was csiderable cotton lint was found underbody of the Mr. Maddox. In anolplace, near the spot where the trunkrecovered, a handkerchiefwaa found veye boles and mouth hole, blacaround tho holes with shoe blackand strings attached for tho evident iposeoftieingaround the neck. A pier.pistol was found, which was carilecMr. John Wilson at Henea Path,pronounced it a piece of a Smith & Vson p'etol, of a larger size than ia ord it1/ found in this «action.

*

AT MKS. TAYLOK'Swo were met by the good lady herselfwho is the only sister of tho deceased,We wcro soon scated by ii comfortablelire, when wc informed her of the natureof our business. She then related thefacts substanliallyas wo havo given themund ehe expressed and seemed to feel ananxiety to havo tue murderers of betbrother caught nnd brought to justice ;and inquire:) of us what officer usuallyoffered thc reward in such cares. Whenwe informed her that the Governor ofthe State would, uo doubt, oflbr a suitablereward as he was officially informed ofthe crime sho seemed greatly pleaded.In a little white

Silts. MADDOX CAME OUT,bringing in her arms an infant less thana year old. Situ is at least thirty .yearsMi. Maddox's junior, and by uo meansan ill-favored lady. She appears to bearher affliction with thu nerve of a stoutheart, nnd wns willing to imparl any in¬formation thnt she could. Thc fact is,however, that she was so badly fright¬ened thnt she was able to tell but littlenf thc difficulty and thc killing.We were informed, though wo did lothear Mrs. Maddox speak as to this point,thatTHE LITTLE '"HILDREN WERE EAST

ASLEEP,during tho occurrence ; thal they lay intheir beds alone, while thc mother wentto Mr. Vermillion's house, and duringthc time that the robbers were ransackingtho house.MU. MADDOX AND HIS ELDEST DAUGH¬

TER

slept in tho bed facing tho door, whileMrs. Maddox and the smaller childrenoccupied thc bed before which tho doorflintier opened and partially screenedfrom her view tho various movements ofthe murderer. Mrs. Maddox was somuch excited at thc timo of thc murderthnt she was unable to recollect whetherMr. Maddox and his murderer lind laidviolent hands on each other, or whetherMr. Maddox had only raised tho tongs ina threatening manner, but she seemed tothink that her husband did not strike hisassailant. She was inclined to tho opin¬ion that it is possible that Mr. Maddoxwould not have been killed if ho hadgiven up his money when tho demandwas made upon him. "But," she ndded,"Mr. Maddox was not that kind of a man.Ile would defend his rights under anycircumstances. Wo had very littlemoney in lim house. It took neariy niithat ho had to pay his taxes. I am sor¬ry now that he didn't give them hismoney."

THE LITTLE UOY SHOOTS.After tho murderers had accomplishedtheir purpose, and had gone awoy{ thelad returned, got his gun and fired it offin tho air, in an aimless mannor.

THE ALARMtvas given and a great number of thcneighbors came to the house in a fewliours after the murder. The corpse wastaken in tho house and cared for.

QUARLING THE BRIDGE.In a very short limo after tho killing[tn armed guard was put at tho uiîcîgeto intercept any ono who might attemptlo pass. But no one came.

SOMETHING Ol" WILLIAM MADDOX'SLIFE.

iso was born within a milo of the spotwhere he was murdered, and had livedin that neighborhood all bis life. Howas perhaps sixty-eight years of age.LIo lived a life of seclusion from society,and devoted his energies chiefly to theaccumulation of wealth, and never mar¬ried until nevell or eight years ago, whenhe married his cousin, Mrs. Clara Brown,whose maiden name was Maddox. Theyhave three children-tho youngest beingten months old.

1118 WEALTH.He died the owner of one of tí TC best

mills on the river, and is said to havebeen the owner of two thousand or moroicres of the best land in that commuuity,tvhilo he had thousands of dollars nt in¬terest.

THE WONDER TO USwill be, if the murderers in this instancelo not set up and establish a plea of;el( defence. Did not Maddox pursueiiis assailant? Did ho not lotrcat as heired? Somo juries wo doubt would «sad¬ly excuse a man for killing another in a:ase of self-defence Uko this. If our ju¬ries do not do their duty better and morefearlessly we shall soon soo this country;oiug to thc bad.

HIS ECCENTRICITIES.Although Mr. Maddox's wealth in

mnount was equal to the richest in his»immunity, yet the poorest tenant on bisplace lind as many of the comforts of lifois ho enjoyed.TRYINQTO LIVE THE LIFE OF A CHRIS¬

TIAN.In his latter years he has striven with

varying success to live in accordancecv i til tho requirements made of man byrds creator, aud some two or three yearsigo ho joined tho Baptist Church atTurkey Creek. For one who had livedio long without the restraints wnich the'.'hu re h nuts on man ho found tho Chris-ian's life uo easy ono. lie was alwayszv. trded as au honest man, nnd neverrailed, to pay every debt which ho mnylave contracted.

AN ARREST.A negro mnn from tho neighborhood>f linnea Pctll. whoso namn wnhnvA (nr.

gotten, was sent to Abbevillo jail two ordireo days ago, charged with being onejf the murderers. Trial Justice Young,who committed him, thinks there is very'little cviticr.ee âgr.Uiôt linn. Cn our tnp«.e saw ono of thc gentlemen who arrest¬ed him. Ho said it was in evidencathat thc negro was absent from home onthe afternoon previous to tho killing, audwhen he returned next day he had mudon his pantaloons.Aiken : Mrs. Ann Erglea was found

dead in her boil on tho morning of tho1th instant. She waa 88 yearsold.Mm.Elizabeth Howitt, an oldorly lady whowas living alon", waa found by herneighbors lying dead on tho lloor of horhouse, with ber clothes all burnt off berbody, and hor body horribly burned.Tho Edgóílold, Trenton and Aiken Rail¬road baa taken a new*start, and tho man¬agers havo gone to work on a business¬like basis. They havo engaged a compe¬tent and skillful engineer, Mr. C. R. Mo-l land, to Whom they havo given tho su¬perintendence and general managementof tho work.Tho county commission¬ers of Aikeu County havo adopted a planfor a now courthouse.Thora aro forty-four Northum visitors registered at thoAiken hotels.Abbeville: No political arrosta have

yet been mado in Abbovillo.Tho Ma¬sonic I,odgc at Abbovillo ls rocolving nu¬merous accessions.The Duo weatpeople go to bod at 7 o'clock In tho even¬ing.A new postolllco baa been openedat Warrcnton and will havo a mail tbrootiinea a week-Tuesdays and Saturdays.Capt. William il. Brooks is tho postmas¬ter.A haudscmo oravon portrait oftho lato Rev. Dr. Homphlll has boen pre¬sented to tho Euphonium Literary Societyof Erskine College by Dr. O. P. Wonok..On last Sabbath a dlinoulty occurredin town botw.~,n a printer anda carriagepalntor and a duel was very seriouslytalked of, and tho solo reason why theparties did not rosort to tho "Acid ofnonah" was tho religious scruples of onoof the parties to tight on Sabbath.

Wild Oat«.Statistical science, that remoreeles»

, prophet, reports that out of so many ba-, bies dreaming on their mothers' breasts,there Ehall be numbered so many inebri¬ates, so many suicides, so many murder¬ers, so many victims of battle, violence,and sudden death. Inspecting colleges,the etern-browed registrur records thatthis proportion of young men will honorthemselves in their daily walk and con-? venation, and that will wander by do-vious paths to doubtful ends. Behold-ing ",-wcet girl graduates" with unmel-tirvg gnzp. the seer foretells that thesoshall dwell in reputable peace, and thosemako shipwreck of their lives."Forewarned is fore-armed," says tb«old proverb. But while wo heed thc dan¬ger signal for our boys, we are apt to for¬get that our girls aro threatened. Whenn young fellow who has been amiable andcorrect begins to waste h¡3 time and mon¬ey on questionable pleasures, to show auabnormal eagerness for excitement andchnnge, to find homo dull and his oldamusements tedious, to start off vagabon¬dizing, "strange countries for to see," ¡vedeal gently with him, if we pre wise.He ii "sowing his wild oats," v.e say. Ifthe crop is harrowed with reproaches andwatered with complaining tears, it islikely to provo a large and evil one.Wo help him with kindness and counsel,we give him all the freedom possible, weare wisely blind to much that hurts andhumiliates us, we make homo the mostdelightful of resorts. And we do thisbecauso we recognize the fnct that a mor¬al crisis, a spiritual fovcr, is upon bim.Tho eager young blood cnn not longertemperately keep time, as ours, and makoos healthful music.

Thero aro laws of physiology as domi¬nant as any law of morals. ,The adjust¬ment of tho human soul to its conditionsis nicer and moro difficult than those finemechanical adjustments which aro thewonders of tho age. Tho possibilities oflifo aro^ so vast, ho himself is BO little,tho leaping fluid in his veins is sa vitaland insistent, that it is little wonder hegoes wrong.

Fortunately lhere arc helps on all sidesfor him. Gymnasiums, base-ball, cricket,swimming, hunting, shooting, rowing,walking, fishing, riding-all these offerthemselves to tire his restless body. So¬cieties, politics, science, art, travel, at¬tract bis eager mind. Presently the fer¬mentation of youth subsides, and the clearwine of tnonh.oodi rinh and swnpt nnrjpotent, remain.At an earlier age than boys feel it comes

n kindred restlessness to girls. Some¬times it takes .bo shape of miid melan¬choly metrically expressed in composi¬tions, or, when it is of n serious nature"strikes io," like a bad form of measles.Sometimes it is Reen as a brazen aggres¬siveness, such ns young girls show inhorse cars or other public places. Some¬times it is an utter dissatisfaction withtill tbat their life knows, nn unspeakablehunger for something other which totheir inozperionco, is of necessity bet-ter.In school, occupation is likely to boincessant, if not absorbing. But the

average girl who leaves Behool behindher, leaves also all definite pinn; of era-

Kloyment, all fixed interest, all healthfulnb its of industry. To ambitious girlsfull of imagination, energy, and unrecog¬nized aspirations, a life of dawdlinglsis noteuongh. Visiting,dressing, fancy¬work, parlies, no more satisfy ardent Janethan tlio dull routine of shop, or count¬ing-room, or office, satisfies eager John.John betakes himself, if he can, on anerabas3ago to the Pigmies, or to fetchhim a hair on the great Cham's beard.But alas for Jane! she may not travel.She may not hunt, or swing from paral¬lel bars, or go into politics. Usuallythere, is but one en trance into Wonderlandfor ber, and that is by tho gate of mar¬riage. She cuducs tho first man shemeets with tho grace of Apollo, the witof Mercury, tho courage of Mars. Iffather and mother forbid tho banns, abowill elopo with him ifshe can, or, fancy¬ing herself broken hearted, marry withoutlove, any man to whom ber parents willgivo her. Or, if tho man of nor choice isunobjectiomable. «nd she weds bim withwhite favors and wedding boils, all thesame may tho awakening come when shesees tho ûss's cars and can no longerstick musk-roses in tho smooth, sleekhend.Often nnd often these early and ill-as-

Bortcd marriages are simply a girl's wildoats, and what harvest will come of thesowing, who shall say ? It may be sub¬mission, patience, sweetness, disgrace.But our point is that we do not helpJauo ns we help ber brother to feelber way through tho tumultuoustroubles of youth. If she is un¬easy, vacillating, with a liking forBtrango company, full of adventure,reaching out for action, addicted to man¬nish employments, impatient of crochetand decorativo art, we draw ber linese' osor, Instead of enlarging them. Wherewo ehouid give the eager mind absorbingfood for thought, the conscious bodysufficient scope for action, wo stint theono and hinder the other.Mothers can not too carefully studyand cherish their young daughters at

this criticàl spring-lime ot their lives. Itis not an instinct for evil, it is "a wishthat they hardly dare to own for^some-thing bettor tuan tney nsvc «.now¡1,which makes girls unmanageable, headstrone, even "fast." And thny im«« «.

deeper claim than boys on tho utmostparental wisdom, patience, and tendernessas their destruction, when they go astray,is more remediless-Harper's Bazar.- "What will you take to drink?"

asked a walter of a young lad, who, forthe first time, accompanied his father toa public dinner. Uncertain what to say,and feeling sure he could not do wrongif bo followed his father's example, hereplied, "I'll take what father takes."Tho answer reached tho father's ear,and instantly the full responsibility ol

his position flashed upon him. "Waiter,I'll take water." And from that day lcthis strong drink bas been banishedfrom that man's home.

ONE EXPERIENCE FROM MANY.-"1bad been sick and miserable so long andhad caused my husband so much troubleand expense, no one seemed to knowwhat ailed me, tbat I was completelydisheartened and discouraged. In thuframe of mind I got a bottle of Hop Bit¬ters and used them unknown to my fam¬ily. I soon began tn improve and gunedso fast tbat my husband and familythought it strange and unnatural, bulwhen I told them what had helped me,they said "Hurrah for Hop Bitters J longmay they prosper, for they have mademother well nnd us happy."-TheMother.-Horne Journal._- Cincinnati has a Matrimonial Ben

efit Company that pays its members Íbenefit upon marriages, as mutual insurance companies do upon a member^death. The Cincinnati bachelors pay aiinitiation fee of $5 to thia concern antan assessment of $1 whenever a merabe

m-"calvin Phipps, of Bedford, Indianodrank a gallon of whiskey every day foa mouth, and then died.

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