BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C.. THURSDAY MORNING. OCTOPER 21 1 MMT VOLUME XVI.-NO. 1.1THU UOYEIIXOU'S MESSAGE.^

A Review ot tho Situation In South Curo-Una.

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT,COLUMB.'I, 8. C., Nov. 23, 1880.Gentlemen of the Generul Assembly : Atthe last regular sesión of tue Geueral

Assembly of tim State W. D. Simpsonnus elected Chief Justice of tho SupremoCourt of 'muh Carolina, and oa the 1stof September lust he resigned the officeof Governor of the State of South Caro¬lina. Tb» Chief Magistracy of thoState bavins thus, under the provisionsof the Constitution, devolved upon nie aaPresideut pro tempore of tile« Senate, Iimmediately assumed thc duties bytaking the'oath of office.

It now become« my duty, under thoConstitution, to give you information Cftho condition ol' the Stale, and recom¬mend for your consideration such meas¬ures as seem to me necessary or expe¬dient.

I have not had time or opportunity tobecome sufficiently acquainted with thedepartments of the State or tho wantsand necessities of the peoplo to be ableto give such full and satisfactory recom¬mendations as I am sure my distinguishedpredecessor would Live made had hecontinued iu office.

I congratulate you, as the representa¬tives of the people, upon thc great im¬provement which has been effected in thea Hai rs of South Carolina by tho admin¬istrations which have had charge of theState Government for tho last four years.The cloud of despondency and gloomwhich came of prodígate, reckless andcorrupt legislation is bciug graduallycleared away, and the hope of a pros¬perous future invites us to renewed eilbrtfi.Every interest, material and educntional,is being surely and constantly improved.Agriculture, the principal occupation ofour peoplo and tho chief source of allwealth, is remunerative, whilst land iabeing gradually enhanced not only inprice, but in real value. Commerce isextending and adding her stores to thowealth of the country. Cotton manu¬factories have been increased in powerand number, nud whilst in many por¬tions of the world such eutcrprises havebeen run on short time or closed tempo¬rarily, in South Carolina they have beenprofitably run on full time.Tho sessions of thc Legislature have

been reduced from a duration of severalmonths to about one month. The creditof the State is fast rising to the highpositiou it had before the war. Thc rail¬roads have bcon improved fn condition,and ¡¡are doing an increased business,which indicates, as surely tts anything,tho growing prosperity of the country.The success of the jetties in deepening

THE UAR OF CHARLESTONharbor, which is now regarded certnin,will develop a prosperous future for thecity, and yet vt ri fy the wisdom of thosewho in former days selected Charlestonas the Southern terminus of tho roadfrom tho Northwest to tho ocean. Al¬ready the increased number of vesselsseeking that pori, and the much largerreceipts of cotton than at tho same timelast year, indicate the approaching waveof prosperity. Before many years thogreat trude of the West will require aport on the Atlantic most accessible tothe trade of the WeRt Indies and SouthAmerica, and nono will be found com¬bining the advantages of Charleston.We have just passed through ono of

ourEXCITING QUADRENNIAL ELECTIONS,

in which so much is dono to derange thebusiness of the country, disorganize laborand excite the worst passions of the peo¬ple, especially the most ignorant. I be¬lieve it would be better for all the inter¬ests of tho State if we had State electiousbut once in four years, and then at a timedifferent from thnt on which UnitedStates elections are held. If personsheld office for four years they would be¬come better qualified for their duties, andthe .State is more interested in having unoffice well filled than in finding berthafor untried aspirants. To show whatprogress has been made in the way of

REFORM AND ECONOMYunder the Democratic administration ofthe State Government, which went intopower four years ago, I ask your atten¬tion to the expenses of tho State for lastyear as compared with similar expendi¬tures for the State while the Legislaturewas in the entire control of tho Radicalparty. Taking thc average annual ex¬penditures of the State Government forthe six successive years beginning De¬cember 1st, 1868: For theso e:r yearsthere were paid and appropriated forcontingent hinds $376,832.74, or an an¬nual amount of $62,805.48. Contingentfund for last vear $6,820.17. Difference '

$55,985.31.* The cost of tho session and expensesof tho General Assembly for tho same

period were $2,147,430.07, and besidesthis am: nut there wero outstanding billspayable issued on account of legislativoexpenses for thc same period $102 275 15tho averago cost of each regulur sessionbeing about $320,405.16. Legislative ex¬penses last year $40,504.32. Difference$270,900.84. Tho averago expendituresfor each regular session for six years forattaches and contingent expenses havebeen about $258.424.65. T-»»t it be bornein mind that this sum represents only theactual payments made. There was alarge amount of unpaid claims in theform of legislative pay certificates, esti¬mated at not less tbau $500,000. Thocorresponding anion o i of ¡asl year, in¬cluding expenses of pay officers of theGeneral Assembly, was $12,770.35. Dif¬ference $245,648.30.Dunno* ihren ypa ra ending November

1, 1574, "the cost to the State of perma¬nent and current printing, and of print¬ing tho laws in tho newspapers, was$918,620.86. Deducting from thisamount all such items as may be calledextraordinary, amounting to $375,000,lhere remains as tho cost of printing forthree years the RUin'of $543.629.86, oranaverago annual cost of $181,209.95. Pub¬lic printing last year $12,211.40; differ¬ence $168,998.55. There was collectedfrom tho people in tho years 1873, 1874and 1875 tho sum of $4,349,461. Of thisamount treasurers were paid commissionsfor collection $151,070; county treasu¬rers defaulted for $109,988 ; total $261,-058; having paid in to the. treasury$4,088,403. Amount collected from thepeople in 1876, 1877 and 1878, $1,908,-572. Of this amount treasurers werepaid commissions for collection $35.000.Amount unpaid but secured by judgmentor thoroughly solvent sureties $506 ; total$35,505, leaving paid into the treasury$1,873,067. The saving in money takenfrom the people $2,440,889. lu moneypaid treasurers for collection $116,070.In money fraudulently or negligently lost$109,985. Total $2,066,944. Poll taxesfor tho common school collected in 1873,1874. 1875, $177,316; collected in 1876,1877, 1878, $311,912.THE FINANCIAL INTERESTS OF THE

* STATEwill, of course, claim your special allen-lion, and iii thc consideration of thiaplatter I would call your attention to ncartful perusal of the able and lucid re-

Fort of Comptroller-General Hag n d.u connection with this matter I think

the State adopted tho wisest course insubniittiug to the courts, instead of theuncertain arena of politics, the decisionof the vexed question of what was herdebt. It was very important that thomatter should be settled definitely andcertainly, and ns one Legislature mightundo the acts of a previous one, the quest-lion bas been submitted to the sametribunal that settles and decides mattersof dixpute and debt between citizens.Tho fellowing isA STATEMENT OK THE PUBLIC PEUT.Totnl consols, $5,210,793.82 ; total de¬

ficiencies, $564.855.98; State scrip (Agri¬cultural College) $191,800; total fundeddebt, $5,907,449.80. To be funded forante-helium principal and interest. 6ay$19ü,ö70.91 ; to be funded for post-bellumprincipal and interest, say $306.316 ; lobe funded for funduble interests, say$146,689.07 ; to bo funded for bills ofthe Hunk of the State, say $22,145 ; toto!bonded debt, $6,039,170.78. After all theexpense1} and appropriations of thc lastfiscal year are paid offther« will remainas a surplus to be carried lo thc fisculyear 1880-81 the amount of $110,000.

I' appears from the Comptroller's esti¬mate that n levy of 4J mills will raise asui sufficient'to pay the current ex-¡H uses of the government and the in¬terest.

If tL«s Legislature continues tho modeof coil-ding taxes at two periods of theyear thero will bc of course a great un¬certainty as to the amount in thc treasuryon the 1st of July. It is important thatthe Interest of the debt be met punctual¬ly, and in order to sustain the credit ofthe State, I therefore recommend, if thepresent mode of collecting taxes is tocontinue, that you authorize the Govern¬or, Comptroller-General and Treasurer toborrow on temporary loan, if there benot sufficient funds in the treasury, somuch as may bo necessary to pay the in¬terest falling due.

I ask your attention to the remarks ofthe Comptroller on the subject of

THE POLL TAX,aud BUggcst the importance of devisingsoino law by winch tho tax may be moregenerally collected.

I will have occasion to speak of for¬feited lands aud phosphate mining, inbringing to your attention me report ofthe Commissioner of Agriculture. Thequestions, however, of the taxation ofphosphate mines, which were brought tothe attention of the Legislature ati'.slastsession by the Comptfoiler-General, navenot all been settled, but remain for yourdecision.The report of the Superintendent of

Education gives much valuable informa¬tion as to thc condition of

THE PCULIC SCHOOLS.The school fund, the school attendance,number of schools and the number of

teachers employed were greater duringthc Inst year than at any previous timein the history of this State. In propor¬tion to her wealth South Carolina ismaking as liberal provision for educationas any other Southern State.

During the political canvass of 1876 itwas lepeatedly charged that if the Dem¬ocratic party obtained control of thegovernment educational facilities in gen¬eral, and especially those of the coloredrace, wouid be diminished. The follow¬ing tabular statement of the work of thelust four years furnishes the best a nsweito those charges : Number of schools1876-77. 2,483 ; 1877-78, 2,922; 1678-792,901 ; 1879-80, 2,973. Increase in num¬ber" of schools since 1876-77, 490 ; teach¬ers employed 1876-77, white 1,725colored 949-total 2,674; 1877-78, whit*2,091, colored 1,020-total 3,117; 1878-79, white 2,090, colored 1,076-tota3,166; 1879-80, whites 2,048, coloree1,123-totnl 3,171. Increase in numbeiof teachers 6iuce 1876-77 497.

SCHOOL ATTENDANCE.1876-77, white 46,444, colored 55,952-total 102,396; 1877-78, white 54,118colored 62.121-total 116,239, increast

13,84:!; 187S-79, white 58,3(38, coloret114,095-total 122,463, increase 6,224187Ü-80, white 61,218, colored 72,853-total 134,072, increase 11,609. Totaincrease since 1876-77, 31,678.

SCHOOL FUND.1876-77, $189.352.80 ; 1877-78, $310,1&7.10; 1878-79, $331,049.90; 1879-8

(estimated), $351,415.50.Tho year 1877-78 was the year ii

which the constitutional amendmenrelative to thc school tax went intoperation. Full reports have not yebeen'received from all the counties .iiregard to the school fund for the lasyear, but the estimate given above iderived from figures carefully compilein tho olliee of the Comptroller-Generaland is believed to be very nearly accurate.The report of tho President of Olafli

University, which is contained in threport of tue Superintendent of Educetiou, shows that that institution is inflourishing condition, aud is aOb rd inench year increased facilities for thhigher education of the colored race.The average of the school sessions fe

tho last year was three ant! one-linmonths, a slight increase'over tho sessionof the three preceding years. In AndeiBOD County the sessions lusted six monthand in nine other counties tho averuglength of tho sessions was from four tfive months. Tho shortness of the sci»ions in the remaining comities was duin large measure to the fact that a corsiderable portion of the current schotfund had been diverted by authority (lill. T uolulalnra f.. ^IHIM.*-

-0.- - - I-J «»...*»»»« ...ou..wbefore the Democratic party came inlpower. Tho whole amount of theiclaims; which havo been reported to tlSuperintendent of Éducation, is $201)ÍHU.IÍÜ.

Tlie report of tho Superintendent ieducation gives interesting informatioishowing the many improvements in tlpublic school system which have betm ado in tho lust four years. I woulcommend to your favorable consideratittho recommendation in tho report for tlfurther improvement and dcvclopmeioflhe public schools. The successtho Normal Institute, held ut Spartatburg during the month of August, wivery gratifying. The Claflin Universiiha« a well organized normal dopartmetfor thc colored teachers, but tho NormInstitute gare to the whito teachers tlfirst opportunity afforded them for spec!training. The meeting of this Instituforms an era in the history of educationprogress in this State. One hundred atninety-seven teachers attended, and tinallowed a commendable desire to avethemselves of thc great benefits of t!Institute. They voluntarily, and at thcown expenso, gave a month of tinvacation season to study and to the wonf self-improvement. Tho praise wot t'spirit thus manifested should be cncoiaged by the Legislature. Tho foll aiable rvport of thc distinguished gentman who was the p.îpÀpal of the Instuto gives much interesting informât!ns to the work accomplished, aud shothc importance of continuing it. Exirience in Europe mid lr» thia country Édemonstrated tho necessity for apeotraining s» h ¡oís for teachers. Until tlState can found a Normnl Sch'ol. mugood can bc accomplished by tl ehodof institutes during tho Hummer montiTho Superintendent of Education at

tho authority of tin; General Assembly touse*during the next year, for defrayingthe expenses of the Normal Institute,$1,600 of a fund of $3,776.22, belongingto thc free school fund, and now in thebands of the State Treasurer. This fund,as will bo seen from the report, is theproceeds of an investment of moueys paidin accordance with the provisions of ActNo. 378, approved Mr;ch 8, 1871, toestablish the Charleston Charitable Asso-ciation of the State of South Carolina forthe benefit of the free school fund. Theamount of the fund is too small to be ofservice if divided among the counties ofthe State, and, even if much iurg^r, nobotter use could bo made of it. I recom-mend that the authority asked for bc Jgranted, under Ruch regulations as th¿General Assembly may prescribe.The following iable, which is containedin the report of the Superintendent ofEducation, gives thc number of educa-tiona! institutions now in operation in Ithis State :

Colleges, mnlc nnd female.Professional schools.,Industrial training schools.Private academies or high schoolsPublie academies or high schools.Elementary evening schools.Private elementary schools.Public schools.

LUNATIC ASYLUM.The unfortunate nnd helpless condi¬

tion ofthe inmates of t^is institution np-peals to the best sympathies of our na¬ture, and I am sure you will give thereports ofthe board of regents and superiutendent of the institution t»<-it carefulexamination and attention which thc im¬portance of tho matter demands.Tho board consists of gentlemen of

much ability and experience in suchmntters, who are performing this workof love without compensation, andwhose recommendations I commend toyour favorable consideration.The general management under their

direction, assisted by the skillful super¬intendent, Dr. Griffin, und thc efficientsteward and treasurer, Mr. H. P. Green,hos been successful and economical.Whole number of patients treated 641.

There now remain 420, of whom 203 aromales and 217 females ; 208 aro whiteand 152 colored ; 391 aro State patientsnnd 29 pay patients. The increase forthe year has teen 45. Of those present26 .oay be considered curable, 87 doubt¬ful und 307 incurable. You will per¬ceive from tho roports of tho snperiuten-dc:.t that much needed improvementshavo been made, not only in new build¬ings but in general repairs; and thatprovision bas been made against acci¬dents from Gre, by which a jet of watercan bo thrown at any point of thc interi¬or of both departments in less than twominutes from thc alarm.Tho board of regents have been fortu¬

nato in purchasing tho Purker Farm ofof about fifty acres lying close by, withfunds saved from the annual appropria¬tion to the institution. The farm maybe made not only a means of wholesomeexercise and relaxation lo those patientsable to do somo work, but a fruitfulsource of supplies to the inmates.The Asylum has been so crowded that

many applicants have been turned awayfor want of room, and the counties arenot prepared to care for them. Thequestion ofbuilding additional room is foryour consideration, and I invite your at¬tention to what the superintendent sayson the subject.The estimate for maintainance last

year was based on the lowest rate adopt¬ed in similar institutions; but by pru¬dent economy and good management aconsiderable sum has been saved fur thobenefit of the institution. I recommendthat the amount asked for maintenancefor next year be allowed.Tho Rev. Edwin A. Holies has been

faithfully ministering to the spiritualwants of tho inmates.INSTITUTE Ol' THE DEAF, Dl'MD AND

BLIND.It appears that tho appropriations to

this Institution havo been wisely andeconomically disbursed.Admitted during thc year, 56 pupils;

ono graduated ac two discharged, beingincapable of receiving éducation. Nine¬teen counties of the Stnto have pupils inthe school.

I think that any one who could visitthis institution and see tho progresswhich these poor unfortunates are mak¬ing in education, would be satisfied, if ataxpayer, that the smull amount of hiscontribution, about the 1,350th of his tax,could not bc better employed.The method of imparting articulationand lip reading to deaf mutes, by thesystem of "Bell's Visible speech," hasbeen introduced, and somo children inthe Institution, who were born deaf, havein a little more than three weeks learnedco utter distinctly mostof thc consonants,and a portion of the vowel sounds.

THE PENITENTIARY.Tho reports of the board of directors

and the superintendent of tho Peniten¬tiary will give yon all the necessaryinformation aa lo this institution. Therewere on tho roll of the prison, at thoend of thc fiscal year, 500 convicts in ali,a decrease of thirty-five from last report.Tho health of the inmates of the prisonhas been very good, tho death rate beingless that 2 percent.

Important improvements have boenmade in buildings as well as walls, andthe gener.il management of the Peniten¬tiary, under the very efficient superinten¬dent, Col. T. J. Lipscomb, seems to bewell conducted. Some additional appro¬priation should be made to mako thebuildings secure from fire.The management of tho Penitentiaryfarms has been attended with success,th« Câtiftàtcd vicar proiu being between$9,000 and $10,000.I think some provision should bc madefor the recapture of escaped convicts byproviding a reward for the captors.Where criminals aro to bo punishedfor short terms, say for four or BÍX

month", it would be better if they couldbo worked on the roads, or for Home otherpublic interest in their own county. Theexpense of transportation, in manycases, costs about as much as tho laborof the convict is worth.As ene of the prime objects of pun¬ishment is reform, J, recommend that

some provision bv »\iade for the serviceof a chaplain to minister to the wants ofthe convicts.DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.The able report of this department,made by the commissioner, Col. A*. P.Butler, deserves at your hands a carefulconsideration. It is tba first report of

ita operations since the'act creating thodepartment, and includes, besides, astatement of its receipts and expendi¬tures, an exposition of the objects of thoact, also tho system adopted by thecommissioner, under tho direction of theboard of agriculture, to protect the far¬mers from the use of inferior fertilizers.It is claimed that tho protection is nowubsolute, while, it is generally conceded,that before it was a failure. Tho modutoperandi is given at length in the re¬port.About 100,000 tons of fertilizers, val¬

ued nt $3,000,000, were sold in tho Stalelast year; a - small discount in valueper ton of this amount would mako aconsiderable sum.

1223

si49S

203._',7'.I3

The office» of phosphate inspector andphosphate agent have been abolished,and the duties thereof aro now per¬formed by a special assistant of theagricultural bureau.Tho amount nf phosphate rock mined

2nd shipped fur the nine months end¬ing 30th of September laut, is 53 054tons, upon which the State has receiveda royalty of $53,054.As to the concurrent jurisdiction ofthc commissioner and the comptrollergeueral over tho phosphate mines,

«c., I attic your consideration of thematter as expiai:.ed by «hese officers,and that you make such amendmentsas you may in your wisdom think best.Thc report of the commissioner alsoincludes the report of lb« chemist to thodepartment, Dr. Charles TJ. Shepard,Jr., and thc report of Mr. E. L. Roche,special assistant.A report of tho fish commissioner,

nt»dc by C. J. Huske, a practical pisci¬culturist, who has charge of that de-Siartment, is included with tho reports,ask a favorable consideration of thissubject, us I am satisfied the State will boamply repaid far the small outlay'made.With facilities for hatching fish eggs andthe ready co-operation which is given usby thc United States fish commissioners,it will not be long before a large increaseoffish will be seen in our waters.

It is not an untried experiment. Thofish commissioners ot New Hampshirereport, "as the results of artificial breed¬ing the price of shad in thc Kew Yorkmarket had fallen from $18 to ¿-'3 perhundred, and fishermen complained thatfish were so plenty they wero unable toget fair pay for the labor of taking them,and that a poor man could now buy asgood fish for a shilling, or twenty-fivecents, as bc could a few years ugo for adollar."The following is tho number of fish d:s-

tributed in our waters: California sal¬mon 30,000, Land lock salmoi: 15,000,shad 2,230,000, California trout i,r>00.I also call your attention to the v» «yimportant subject of immigratioi. em¬braced in the commissioner's report. Asubject of so much importance will, lamBüro, receive thc consideration it C x-

serves. You might well consider whell¬er a portion of tue forfeited lunds couldnot bo profitably disposed of in settlingimmigrants.

STOCK LAW.While this law would not be acceptable, and perhaps would not be to thc

interest of a majority of the, citizens osome of the counties of thc Stale, yet Jam satisfied that it will prove a greablessing in those counties where it is novof force. Besides iho lime which is saved from so much fence building and rcpairing, and which may be applied t<improvements generally, the soil wilnaturally improve much faster by tinvegetation which grows, dies and shadetho land. Thousands of acres whichbefore the law was passed, wenalmost valueless, for tho want of timbeto fence against a tock, are being broughinto cultivation and use.

PUBLIC ROAD8.For moro than a half ceutury the nt

tention ol tno members of tho GonersAssembly ol' this State has been repeatedly called to tho bnd condition of oupublic highways. The difficulty wit!mostof tho roads, especially in the billportion of thc State, is 'hat they havbeen mode with no iden OB to grade;but seem to have beea located in thcowpatbs or Indian trails, straight uand down the hills. The consequencethat, ns time progresses, such roads arbecoming worse and more difficult to keein order.

I think it would be better if many <the old roads were abandoned, and nconcB located by competent engineerThere is a class of convicts which aboutbe worked on the. mad?. I hope you wimature a plnu which will show thattheiis a prospect of our having good roads isome »ime, even if in the future.

MILITIA.

It is the most important functionGovernment to preserve the peace auguarantee under the laws tho rightsperson and property. In this State tlmilitary is held in subordination to tlcivil authority, but in all well regulateGovernments the civil may bciomo tiweak to repress disturbance. Considithe riots in thc great State of Pennsylvnia a fer/ years ago, where it bei'."rnecessary to call on the militia. I wou;recommend that you give encourageraeito the volunteer militia. Such organzationB take pride in their efficiencwhile the militiamen who muster simpbecause thc law requires it, would be iawkward squad when* service was rquired.

But it is too much to expect youimen to loso their time and pay all tlexpenses of their organization. TlState should give some assistance, andcommend the matter to your favoratconsideration.Tho Centennial nelfthratii.in nf tho bi

tie of Kings Mountain was entirely sucessful aud reflects great credit upithose patriotic citizens who originaland conducted it. Many citizens frcour sister States, especially North Cailina, Virginia and Tennessee, were pr»ont to show their appreciation of the iioort.ince of Cue event. The victory r;at tho battlo ofKing's Mountain reanimted the drooping spirits of the patriotsthe country, who on the 17th January 171achieved under Gen. Mnro.-tn anni)glorious victory at the battle of CowpciThis battlo was, in the language of tdistinguished historial) Bancroft, tfirst chain of events that led to tsurrender oí cornwallis and the succeful termination of thc war for AmericIndependence. It is proposed to comemórate the ccntenuial of this batin an appropriate manner, and 1President of the United States, 1Governors, and citizens generally, of 1old thirteen States have been invitedco-operate. I hope you will givematte." a favorable consideration.COMMISSIONERS AND MANAGERS

ELECTION.According to law, it is the duty of

Governor to appoitit commissionerselection, "at least sixty days prior to tasuch election." I submit that scprovision should bo made for tbepointment, in tho event the Govershould fail, refuse, or neglect to doduty in the promises.

CODIFICATION OF THE LAWS.It is now difficult for a lawyerascertain what the statute law of

State is. Tho modo by which our lihave been amended for many years jhas had tho effect of almost puttinjout of the power of an uuprofessioperson to find tho law in the books. '

Constitution requires a revision, difand promulgation of our laws everyyears, and I recommend that it bc dns soon as possible.

CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES.There are several changeswhich she

be made in our organic law, but who'by amendments in the constitutifform, or by convention, is a questioi.«onie doubt. I am inclined to favorformer method as the wisest.To elect our judges for life, or du

good behavior, I consider ouo of tho bestchanges that could be made.With a pure, learned, and impartialjudiciary, not subject to the whims aud

caprices of popular elections, tht rightsof person »nd property, as well as theliberty, of the citizens aro safe.But when the high office becomes a re¬

ward for eager partisanship, or the judgehas io maiutain his zeal and devotion toparty politics, that he may be ro clecfed,then are thc rights of tho peoplo in jeo¬pardy.

I ask your attention to the report oftho secretary of Slate, In which is in¬cluded tho report of the land commission.Number of acres of land unsold, 66,371 ;total value, $157,076 04 ; balance of pur¬chase money $47,493 87.You will also find on your table a veryfull aud explanatory report from T)r.

Lebby, who has charge ot tho quarantinestation at Charleston. It is a matter ofcongratulation that our quarantine lawshave been for so many years, under hismanagement, efficacious in protectingour citizens from pestilence.Tho Executive Mansion, I am inform¬

ed, requires some repairs and improve¬ments, and I recommend that youappropriate for th.a purpose and forfurniture of a permanent character sevenhundred dollars.

IN CONCLUSION,gentlemen, I desire to call your attentionto what I presume most of you haveconsidered, tho importance of doingsomething to check tho growing evils ofwhiskey drinking, and the carrying ofconcealed weapons. I believe it is gen¬erally conceded that strict prohibitoryInwB have been unsucccsful, yet prudentaud wise legislation can do much goad.Public opiuion ought to enforce tho '*.wagainst giving or selling liquor to mi¬nors.And now, in closing this communica¬

tion, permit mc to invoke the blessings ofDivine Providenco upon all your delib¬erations, with tho hope that they mayresult in good to every citizen of theCommonwealth.

TIIOS. II. JETER, Governor.MUNDER OF WILLIAM MADDOX.

Abbeville J'rett and Banner.Conflicting reports in reference to tho

killing of Mr. Will iain Maddox al hishome, near Mnddor's mil', on the Salu¬da river, in this county, having reachedthe village, a representative ol tho Prentand Banner yesterday went to the Pceneof the bloody deed.Tho dwelling in which the deceased

and his family lived is a log house, witha framed "shed room." The cracks be¬tween the log" composing tho walls arenicely filled with clay and whitewashed.Notwithstanding this fact, however, thereare enough openings to secure sufficientventilation for hygienic purposes. Thehouse is warmed by r» fireplace five orsix feet in width, in which a blazing fireon thc cold morning wau a pleasing sightto one who had been in the weather forfour hours. In the house were two beds, achest, a table, a crudle, a few chairs, andBoraoother articen. Some two years ugotho residence ofMr. Maddox, which stoodbetween this house and the public roadwas turned by person or persons unknownto tbb deponent, and sinco that time thokitchen nos been used ni a dwellingfor tho deceased and family. Thohouse has two outside doors: thefront door opening towards tho publicroad, and the "spring door" opening onthe opposite sido of tue house, and in thedirection of the spring from which theyused water. Ii! addition to thesodoors there is a door to tho "shedroom," looking towards tho publicroad. There is in the main part of thohouse a "loft" room in w.tieb tho step¬son of the deceased slept, ani which wasreached by means of a ladder male of around polo split in two pieces, whencross-bars wore put from oueto tba other.Mr. Vermilliou lived in a much largerhouse about two hundred yards south¬east, Sarah Maddox, a colored woman,who onco belonged to Mr. Maddox,lived two hundred yards south-west ofMr. Vermilliou, and three hundred yardssouth of the dwelling of tho deceased.The lot, barn, stables, &c, are on tho op¬posite side of the road, all being withina few hundred yards of the twentiethmilo post on the road leading from Abbe¬ville village, and known in that sectionas tho "Cambridge road."To show how little Mr. Maddox sus¬

pected danger, it is only necessary tostate that he had no fastenings to any ofthe doors of his house, except n "hulton"to each with a screw through the centre,the mero turning of which oithor releasestho shutter or holds lt os the case may be.Tho doors not shutting closely could beopened about as easily from tho nuuidoas tho inside of tho house. As a furtherevidence of his fancied safety in thc hon¬esty of his neighbors and tho protectingarm of the law to shield him from barmduring tho silent watches of tba night, wewoula mention tho fact that he had nolock on anything in tho house except onthe top of an old chest, the hinge* ofwhich being broken off tho lock was sub¬stituted for tbem.

Between eight and nino o'clock Wedne.-day night of last week, after Mr. Mud-dox and nts family had gone to bed, aknock was beard at the door. Unexpect-ing tho approach of any one with an evilIntent, without hesitating to ask who washere, he rose from his bod, and openedthe door in rcsnonantothn knock TbTOOmen wero plainly visible in tho moon¬light. One of them said, as he walkedinto tho house, without being asked tocome in :"We want you to let us stay all nightwith you. We aro wagoners sellingwhiskey. Our wagons aro stopped uptho road."Mr. Hùddox then said : ''I have no

room to accommodate you. My housewas bumed two years ago."Tho intruder then said : "If wo cannot

get to stay all night with you, give ussome fire, that we may build a fire at thecamp."At this juncture, owing to tho unnatu¬

ral voice of the stranger and his goneralbehavior, and tho quick perception of awoman's instinct, Mrs. Maddox's fearswere aroused, and abo began to call herson, a lad of twelve years ofage whowas sleeping up stairs. She endeavoredto awaken Eira for »be purpose of asiatingMr. Maddox in supplying the stranger'srequest for fire. But owing to the factthat he was a sound sleeper, be was notaroused until a little while later.To the étranger Mr. Maddox replied :

"I ara very willing to accommodate youto fire. The fire is in coal». Bring in aboard of piece o. bark on which to carryit away."The intruder then stepped back into

the yard for a second. Aa he returnedMr. Maddox waa stirring bia fire, withtho tongs, when thc intruder enid :"We would like to get a twenty dollar

bill changed."To this Mr. Mattox replied : "I can't

see very well at night, and I don't careto do so now. It may be that ! canchange it for you ia the morning."By this lime Mr. Maddox bad gather¬ed in tho tongs as much fire aa ho couldhold with them, and offering it to thoman he said :

"Wo don't want fire. It'« your moneywo want. And wo intend to have it.sir."At this demand Mr. Maddox raised his

tongs as if to strike the would-be rob¬ber. He gave back towards tho door,Mrs. Maddox jumped out of bed, ranthrough the donr into the "»died room,"and out at ho fr ,nt door of that room,while Mr. Aiad JX and bis assailantsworein thrtcíf.itíng attitude. As soon i._Mr. Maddox had followed bia assailant tothc door, he WAS idiot und instantly killed,falling out of the door, clearing the step,which is a big rock, his head maLing auindentation itt the sand as it struck theground. About this timo tho little sonappeared on tho scene. As he ran out ofthe bouse ho saw "Unelo Billy"lying on the grund in front of thc door,and jumped ov-r him. Ho did not thenknow whether he was d?ad or waspinyin"; 'pcaum, as ho frequently hadfallen down of late. After running totho front gate in his fright he though thcwould return and PCO if the old mnn wasreally dear'.Acting on this impulse he went backand turned bim over, and become con¬

vinced that life was extinct. Tim de¬ponent did not understand what broughtout thia expression but it ÍB said that oneof the gang said s- nettling like this : "Ifyou don't behave yourself, we'll shootyo' too." One of their number replied,"Un, no, he's a littlo boy. Wo musn'tburt him." Meanwhile Mrs. Maddoxwas running towards the houses of Mr.Vermillion and Sarah Maddox crying"murder." "robbers," "they aro killingCousin Billy." Sarah Maddox being ea¬sily waked was first to thc call, and camerunning with all the speed possible, meet¬ing Mrs. Maddox half-way. Mr. Vermill¬ion not knowing tho naturoofthcditlicultythought it better to bc a little deliberatein his movements. After putting on hisshoes, arranging his toilet, ho had acolored man lo accompany him to thohouse of the deceased where be arrived,he thinks not longer than twenty minutesafter the murder. One of tho party isenid to have been posted in tho chimneycorner guarding the "spring door," andthe path leading from it for the purposeol'shouting Mrs. Maddox should sho at¬tempt tu make her escapo, but itis thought she was not shot fromthc fact that she ran out of the shedroom dcor, in an unexpected direction.

PILLAGING TIIL PREMISES.Immediately after Mr. Maddox wasshot thc murderers entered the buuso, ran¬

sacked a set of bureau drawers, in thoshed room and carried ofT a littlo trunk.This trunk was thc same which Mr. Mad¬dox rescued from thc names when bisdwelling was burning two years ago.He then carried it into the garden andtold his wife to sit on it, and remember¬ing Mr. Maddox's words at tho fire, sumoare of tho opinion that they tb jught itwell filled with coin. After they carriedit lo tho plum thicket on tho sido of thecotlou field tb,'y opened it and foundthat it contained two dolls, a few rngs,aud a number of underclothing for littlechildren. The murderers got no money,and as far as can be ascertained theyrnrripij n way nothing at all. They tootthe trunk from beside a chair on whickwas piled somo quilts And clothing. Ainight the pocket book was put betweerthe folds, where it remained undisturbedThere is no truth in tho report that tb«murderers carried offMr. Maddox's "lanepapers." They were kept in the pimchest to which reference was made aihaving a lock but no binges to its lidJust nero we would correct another report. The murderers offered no furthcinsult or ¡ujurv to anybody in that section.

ON OUR ARRIVAL AT THU HOUSEwo modo enquiry for Mrs. Maddox, buwas informed that sho was at the res!dence of Mrs. Taylor, a mile and a baldistant up tho road, where she br.« liveiever «ince the murder. Remaining 01the plr-o for c -»bile we saw several petsons .. .io knew moro or less of the Ba«affair, and thc pumping process was com.Ticnced at once. Wo may bo pardoneiif wo refer to one of the colored womoiwho Beemeed perfectly willing to tal!about the adair, and seemed sorry tbashe could not tell more of it. Wo believe she expressed hersolf truthfully anwithout bias. In speaking of Mr. Maddox, she apparently did not mean andisrespect by speaking of him as "Macdox,'* without the usual prefix, and whespeaking of tho ladies who were presenor saw, or beard anything of the difficulty, sho merely said "Susan," "Jane,"Ann Maria," os the case might be, wittout prefixing "Mrs." or "Miss" as is cu:ternary among polite people in thc morefined society of somo sections of thcountry.

AN IMPROBADLE BTOIIV.It is currently reported that two m

groes now at large in that section of tbcountry attempted to steal a mule frothc stable of Levi Shaw, a tenant of MWilliam Latimer. The story goes th;ti colored man. about the complexiona ginger cake, togethor with a negroblack as anybody, went Monday mornirabout nine or ten o'clock to Levi Wuson's stable' when his wife discovcr<them and wanted to know their businefThey wanted a mule aud proposedtake ;t by force. The mule kicked, tlwoman decoyed them to the house. Tinshe slipped away from them, bridled tlBalaam, rodo off in a hurry, ¿kc, &Although ibis story seems to tic exceeiij&ij Illili, Miera arc quito a cumberpersons who believe it. We were tothat about ono hundred men weresearch of thom. The community isa Rtfttf) aa to ho ready tn heliftvn ur-ur

anything they may hear.THE OPINION ENTERTAINED BV SOM

is, that the people of that section aro etirely oft" the track as to the real perttors of tho crime, and it may be tlreports aro put in circulation to divattention from tho culprits. There icircumstances which has lcd at least a fpersonB to havo an opinion totaldifferent from tho generally accepttheory. Two years ago Mr. Maddodwelling was burnt; thrco weeks bef<bis death, a new pasture gate which sarated his stock waa cut to pieces atotally destroyed ; last Wednesday nijtho murder was committed. It is iimpossible for the same enemy to hicommitted all these crimes. Mr. Mdoz was a man who lived almost entirto himself. Ho was a quiet and peeable citizen. Freo from gossip. Alwpaid his debts, and in no way was hoaggressive man in the offensive sensethe word. It is our opinion thata detective were sent there bo would aastonish tho natives.

AKTER TUE MURDER,a well-worn wool hat, on which was csiderable cotton lint was found underbody of the Mr. Maddox. In anolplace, near the spot where the trunkrecovered, a handkerchiefwaa found veye boles and mouth hole, blacaround tho holes with shoe blackand strings attached for tho evident iposeoftieingaround the neck. A pier.pistol was found, which was carilecMr. John Wilson at Henea Path,pronounced it a piece of a Smith & Vson p'etol, of a larger size than ia ord it1/ found in this «action.

*

AT MKS. TAYLOK'Swo were met by the good lady herselfwho is the only sister of tho deceased,We wcro soon scated by ii comfortablelire, when wc informed her of the natureof our business. She then related thefacts substanliallyas wo havo given themund ehe expressed and seemed to feel ananxiety to havo tue murderers of betbrother caught nnd brought to justice ;and inquire:) of us what officer usuallyoffered thc reward in such cares. Whenwe informed her that the Governor ofthe State would, uo doubt, oflbr a suitablereward as he was officially informed ofthe crime sho seemed greatly pleaded.In a little white

Silts. MADDOX CAME OUT,bringing in her arms an infant less thana year old. Situ is at least thirty .yearsMi. Maddox's junior, and by uo meansan ill-favored lady. She appears to bearher affliction with thu nerve of a stoutheart, nnd wns willing to imparl any in¬formation thnt she could. Thc fact is,however, that she was so badly fright¬ened thnt she was able to tell but littlenf thc difficulty and thc killing.We were informed, though wo did lothear Mrs. Maddox speak as to this point,thatTHE LITTLE '"HILDREN WERE EAST

ASLEEP,during tho occurrence ; thal they lay intheir beds alone, while thc mother wentto Mr. Vermillion's house, and duringthc time that the robbers were ransackingtho house.MU. MADDOX AND HIS ELDEST DAUGH¬

TER

slept in tho bed facing tho door, whileMrs. Maddox and the smaller childrenoccupied thc bed before which tho doorflintier opened and partially screenedfrom her view tho various movements ofthe murderer. Mrs. Maddox was somuch excited at thc timo of thc murderthnt she was unable to recollect whetherMr. Maddox and his murderer lind laidviolent hands on each other, or whetherMr. Maddox had only raised tho tongs ina threatening manner, but she seemed tothink that her husband did not strike hisassailant. She was inclined to tho opin¬ion that it is possible that Mr. Maddoxwould not have been killed if ho hadgiven up his money when tho demandwas made upon him. "But," she ndded,"Mr. Maddox was not that kind of a man.Ile would defend his rights under anycircumstances. Wo had very littlemoney in lim house. It took neariy niithat ho had to pay his taxes. I am sor¬ry now that he didn't give them hismoney."

THE LITTLE UOY SHOOTS.After tho murderers had accomplishedtheir purpose, and had gone awoy{ thelad returned, got his gun and fired it offin tho air, in an aimless mannor.

THE ALARMtvas given and a great number of thcneighbors came to the house in a fewliours after the murder. The corpse wastaken in tho house and cared for.

QUARLING THE BRIDGE.In a very short limo after tho killing[tn armed guard was put at tho uiîcîgeto intercept any ono who might attemptlo pass. But no one came.

SOMETHING Ol" WILLIAM MADDOX'SLIFE.

iso was born within a milo of the spotwhere he was murdered, and had livedin that neighborhood all bis life. Howas perhaps sixty-eight years of age.LIo lived a life of seclusion from society,and devoted his energies chiefly to theaccumulation of wealth, and never mar¬ried until nevell or eight years ago, whenhe married his cousin, Mrs. Clara Brown,whose maiden name was Maddox. Theyhave three children-tho youngest beingten months old.

1118 WEALTH.He died the owner of one of tí TC best

mills on the river, and is said to havebeen the owner of two thousand or moroicres of the best land in that commuuity,tvhilo he had thousands of dollars nt in¬terest.

THE WONDER TO USwill be, if the murderers in this instancelo not set up and establish a plea of;el( defence. Did not Maddox pursueiiis assailant? Did ho not lotrcat as heired? Somo juries wo doubt would «sad¬ly excuse a man for killing another in a:ase of self-defence Uko this. If our ju¬ries do not do their duty better and morefearlessly we shall soon soo this country;oiug to thc bad.

HIS ECCENTRICITIES.Although Mr. Maddox's wealth in

mnount was equal to the richest in his»immunity, yet the poorest tenant on bisplace lind as many of the comforts of lifois ho enjoyed.TRYINQTO LIVE THE LIFE OF A CHRIS¬

TIAN.In his latter years he has striven with

varying success to live in accordancecv i til tho requirements made of man byrds creator, aud some two or three yearsigo ho joined tho Baptist Church atTurkey Creek. For one who had livedio long without the restraints wnich the'.'hu re h nuts on man ho found tho Chris-ian's life uo easy ono. lie was alwayszv. trded as au honest man, nnd neverrailed, to pay every debt which ho mnylave contracted.

AN ARREST.A negro mnn from tho neighborhood>f linnea Pctll. whoso namn wnhnvA (nr.

gotten, was sent to Abbevillo jail two ordireo days ago, charged with being onejf the murderers. Trial Justice Young,who committed him, thinks there is very'little cviticr.ee âgr.Uiôt linn. Cn our tnp«.e saw ono of thc gentlemen who arrest¬ed him. Ho said it was in evidencathat thc negro was absent from home onthe afternoon previous to tho killing, audwhen he returned next day he had mudon his pantaloons.Aiken : Mrs. Ann Erglea was found

dead in her boil on tho morning of tho1th instant. She waa 88 yearsold.Mm.Elizabeth Howitt, an oldorly lady whowas living alon", waa found by herneighbors lying dead on tho lloor of horhouse, with ber clothes all burnt off berbody, and hor body horribly burned.Tho Edgóílold, Trenton and Aiken Rail¬road baa taken a new*start, and tho man¬agers havo gone to work on a business¬like basis. They havo engaged a compe¬tent and skillful engineer, Mr. C. R. Mo-l land, to Whom they havo given tho su¬perintendence and general managementof tho work.Tho county commission¬ers of Aikeu County havo adopted a planfor a now courthouse.Thora aro forty-four Northum visitors registered at thoAiken hotels.Abbeville: No political arrosta have

yet been mado in Abbovillo.Tho Ma¬sonic I,odgc at Abbovillo ls rocolving nu¬merous accessions.The Duo weatpeople go to bod at 7 o'clock In tho even¬ing.A new postolllco baa been openedat Warrcnton and will havo a mail tbrootiinea a week-Tuesdays and Saturdays.Capt. William il. Brooks is tho postmas¬ter.A haudscmo oravon portrait oftho lato Rev. Dr. Homphlll has boen pre¬sented to tho Euphonium Literary Societyof Erskine College by Dr. O. P. Wonok..On last Sabbath a dlinoulty occurredin town botw.~,n a printer anda carriagepalntor and a duel was very seriouslytalked of, and tho solo reason why theparties did not rosort to tho "Acid ofnonah" was tho religious scruples of onoof the parties to tight on Sabbath.

Wild Oat«.Statistical science, that remoreeles»

, prophet, reports that out of so many ba-, bies dreaming on their mothers' breasts,there Ehall be numbered so many inebri¬ates, so many suicides, so many murder¬ers, so many victims of battle, violence,and sudden death. Inspecting colleges,the etern-browed registrur records thatthis proportion of young men will honorthemselves in their daily walk and con-? venation, and that will wander by do-vious paths to doubtful ends. Behold-ing ",-wcet girl graduates" with unmel-tirvg gnzp. the seer foretells that thesoshall dwell in reputable peace, and thosemako shipwreck of their lives."Forewarned is fore-armed," says tb«old proverb. But while wo heed thc dan¬ger signal for our boys, we are apt to for¬get that our girls aro threatened. Whenn young fellow who has been amiable andcorrect begins to waste h¡3 time and mon¬ey on questionable pleasures, to show auabnormal eagerness for excitement andchnnge, to find homo dull and his oldamusements tedious, to start off vagabon¬dizing, "strange countries for to see," ¡vedeal gently with him, if we pre wise.He ii "sowing his wild oats," v.e say. Ifthe crop is harrowed with reproaches andwatered with complaining tears, it islikely to provo a large and evil one.Wo help him with kindness and counsel,we give him all the freedom possible, weare wisely blind to much that hurts andhumiliates us, we make homo the mostdelightful of resorts. And we do thisbecauso we recognize the fnct that a mor¬al crisis, a spiritual fovcr, is upon bim.Tho eager young blood cnn not longertemperately keep time, as ours, and makoos healthful music.

Thero aro laws of physiology as domi¬nant as any law of morals. ,The adjust¬ment of tho human soul to its conditionsis nicer and moro difficult than those finemechanical adjustments which aro thewonders of tho age. Tho possibilities oflifo aro^ so vast, ho himself is BO little,tho leaping fluid in his veins is sa vitaland insistent, that it is little wonder hegoes wrong.

Fortunately lhere arc helps on all sidesfor him. Gymnasiums, base-ball, cricket,swimming, hunting, shooting, rowing,walking, fishing, riding-all these offerthemselves to tire his restless body. So¬cieties, politics, science, art, travel, at¬tract bis eager mind. Presently the fer¬mentation of youth subsides, and the clearwine of tnonh.oodi rinh and swnpt nnrjpotent, remain.At an earlier age than boys feel it comes

n kindred restlessness to girls. Some¬times it takes .bo shape of miid melan¬choly metrically expressed in composi¬tions, or, when it is of n serious nature"strikes io," like a bad form of measles.Sometimes it is Reen as a brazen aggres¬siveness, such ns young girls show inhorse cars or other public places. Some¬times it is an utter dissatisfaction withtill tbat their life knows, nn unspeakablehunger for something other which totheir inozperionco, is of necessity bet-ter.In school, occupation is likely to boincessant, if not absorbing. But the

average girl who leaves Behool behindher, leaves also all definite pinn; of era-

Kloyment, all fixed interest, all healthfulnb its of industry. To ambitious girlsfull of imagination, energy, and unrecog¬nized aspirations, a life of dawdlinglsis noteuongh. Visiting,dressing, fancy¬work, parlies, no more satisfy ardent Janethan tlio dull routine of shop, or count¬ing-room, or office, satisfies eager John.John betakes himself, if he can, on anerabas3ago to the Pigmies, or to fetchhim a hair on the great Cham's beard.But alas for Jane! she may not travel.She may not hunt, or swing from paral¬lel bars, or go into politics. Usuallythere, is but one en trance into Wonderlandfor ber, and that is by tho gate of mar¬riage. She cuducs tho first man shemeets with tho grace of Apollo, the witof Mercury, tho courage of Mars. Iffather and mother forbid tho banns, abowill elopo with him ifshe can, or, fancy¬ing herself broken hearted, marry withoutlove, any man to whom ber parents willgivo her. Or, if tho man of nor choice isunobjectiomable. «nd she weds bim withwhite favors and wedding boils, all thesame may tho awakening come when shesees tho ûss's cars and can no longerstick musk-roses in tho smooth, sleekhend.Often nnd often these early and ill-as-

Bortcd marriages are simply a girl's wildoats, and what harvest will come of thesowing, who shall say ? It may be sub¬mission, patience, sweetness, disgrace.But our point is that we do not helpJauo ns we help ber brother to feelber way through tho tumultuoustroubles of youth. If she is un¬easy, vacillating, with a liking forBtrango company, full of adventure,reaching out for action, addicted to man¬nish employments, impatient of crochetand decorativo art, we draw ber linese' osor, Instead of enlarging them. Wherewo ehouid give the eager mind absorbingfood for thought, the conscious bodysufficient scope for action, wo stint theono and hinder the other.Mothers can not too carefully studyand cherish their young daughters at

this criticàl spring-lime ot their lives. Itis not an instinct for evil, it is "a wishthat they hardly dare to own for^some-thing bettor tuan tney nsvc «.now¡1,which makes girls unmanageable, headstrone, even "fast." And thny im«« «.

deeper claim than boys on tho utmostparental wisdom, patience, and tendernessas their destruction, when they go astray,is more remediless-Harper's Bazar.- "What will you take to drink?"

asked a walter of a young lad, who, forthe first time, accompanied his father toa public dinner. Uncertain what to say,and feeling sure he could not do wrongif bo followed his father's example, hereplied, "I'll take what father takes."Tho answer reached tho father's ear,and instantly the full responsibility ol

his position flashed upon him. "Waiter,I'll take water." And from that day lcthis strong drink bas been banishedfrom that man's home.

ONE EXPERIENCE FROM MANY.-"1bad been sick and miserable so long andhad caused my husband so much troubleand expense, no one seemed to knowwhat ailed me, tbat I was completelydisheartened and discouraged. In thuframe of mind I got a bottle of Hop Bit¬ters and used them unknown to my fam¬ily. I soon began tn improve and gunedso fast tbat my husband and familythought it strange and unnatural, bulwhen I told them what had helped me,they said "Hurrah for Hop Bitters J longmay they prosper, for they have mademother well nnd us happy."-TheMother.-Horne Journal._- Cincinnati has a Matrimonial Ben

efit Company that pays its members Íbenefit upon marriages, as mutual insurance companies do upon a member^death. The Cincinnati bachelors pay aiinitiation fee of $5 to thia concern antan assessment of $1 whenever a merabe

m-"calvin Phipps, of Bedford, Indianodrank a gallon of whiskey every day foa mouth, and then died.