c) 6.35 9.45 8.50 3) the normal ph range for blood is e...
TRANSCRIPT
Package Title: TestbankCourse Title: PAP14Chapter Number: 19
Question type: Multiple Choice
1) Which of the following is NOT a major function of the blood?
a) Transportation of nutrients b) Regulation of blood pHc) Protection against infectious disease d) Transportation of heate) Production of oxygen
Answer: e
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Learning Objective 2: 19.1.1 Describe the functions of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
2) The normal average temperature of blood is around
a) 98.6°Fb) 100.4°F c) 90.8°F d) 89.6°F e) 101.6°F
Answer: b
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
3) The normal pH range for blood is
a) 7.35–8.50b) 7.35–9.45 c) 6.35–7.35
d) 6.35–9.35 e) 7.35–7.45
Answer: e
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
4) Which of the following is NOT a common component of circulating blood?
a) Blood plasmab) Formed elements c) Hemocytoblasts d) Plateletse) White blood cells
Answer: c
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
5) The hematocrit is a measure of the percentage of whole blood occupied by
a) WBCs.b) platelets. c) RBCs.d) plasma.e) plasma proteins.
Answer: c
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
6) What percentage of blood plasma is water?
a) 95.1% b) 91.5% c) 88.5% d) 4.9% e) 8.5%
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
7) Which of the following plasma proteins plays a role in disease resistance?
a) Albumin b) Globulins c) Fibrinogen d) Myoglobine) Hemoglobin
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
8) Which of the following plasma proteins plays a role in blood clotting?
a) Albumin b) Globulins c) Fibrinogend) Prostaglandinse) None of these choices
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.
Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
9) The process by which the formed elements of the blood develop is called
a) hematospermia.b) hemopoiesis.c) thrombocytosis. d) hemostasis.e) polycythemia.
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
10) A megakaryoblast will develop into
a) a red blood cell.b) a white blood cell. c) a platelet.d) either a white blood cell or a platelet. e) none of these choices.
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
11) During hemopoiesis, some of the myeloid stem cells will eventually develop into
a) proerythroblasts.b) T lymphoblasts. c) B lymphoblasts.d) NK lymphoblasts. e) all of these choices.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
12) Which of the following hormones stimulates proliferation of red blood cells in red bone marrow?
a) erythropoietin (EPO)b) thrombopoietin (TPO)c) human growth hormone (hGH)d) calcitonin (CT)e) folliclestimulating hormone (FSH)
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
13) Approximately, how many hemoglobin molecules are found in each RBC?
a) 50 million b) 100 million c) 280 million d) 320 million e) 430 million
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells.Section Reference 1: 19.3 Red Blood Cells
14) Ferritin is a protein used to
a) transport iron in the blood.b) store iron in the liver.c) oxidize iron in the peroxisomes. d) synthesize iron.e) absorb iron across intestinal cells.
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells.Section Reference 1: 19.3 Red Blood Cells
15) The major function of red blood cells is
a) nutrient transport.b) cytokine stimulation.c) blood cell proliferation. d) gas transport.e) disease resistance.
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells.Section Reference 1: 19.3 Red Blood Cells
16) Towards the end of erythropoiesis in the bone marrow, a red blood cell loses its nucleus and becomes a
a) proerythroblast. b) megakaryocyte. c) progenitor cell.d) mature erythrocyte. e) reticulocyte.
Answer: e
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells.Section Reference 1: 19.3 Red Blood Cells
17) Which of the following blood cells is a phagocyte?
a) Neutrophil b) Plateletc) Lymphocyte d) Basophile) Erythrocyte
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
18) Which of the following blood cells is involved in reducing blood loss from a damaged blood vessel?
a) Erythrocyte b) Plateletc) Lymphocyte d) Basophile) Neutrophil
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.5 Describe the structure, function, and origin of platelets. Section Reference 1: 19.5 Platelets
19) Which of the following blood cells release granules that intensify the inflammatory response and promote hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions?
a) Eosinophil b) Monocytec) Lymphocyte d) Basophile) Neutrophil
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
20) Which of the following blood cells phagocytizes antigenantibody complexes and are effective against parasitic worms?
a) Eosinophil
b) Monocytec) Lymphocyte d) Basophile) Neutrophil
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
21) Which of the following blood cells are the main soldiers in the immune system defense of the body against microbial invaders?
a) Eosinophilb) Macrophage c) Lymphocyte d) Basophile) Platelet
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
22) Which of the following cells is not an agranular leukocyte?
a) Monocytes b) Macrophage c) Lymphocyte d) Basophile) All of these choices
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
23) The process of a white blood cell squeezing between endothelial cells to exit a blood vessel is called
a) emigration. b) diaphysis. c) adhesion.d) opsonization. e) phagocytosis.
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
24) Which of the following chemical substances are NOT commonly released by mast cells?
a) Heparinb) Histaminec) Nitric oxide d) Proteasese) All of these choices
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
25) Which of the following hormones stimulates the development of megakaryoblasts?
a) Erythropoietinb) Thrombopoietin c) Nitric oxided) Human growth hormone e) Heparin
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.5 Describe the structure, function, and origin of platelets. Section Reference 1: 19.5 Platelets
26) Which of following correctly lists the sequence of steps that occur during hemostasis in response to a damaged blood vessel?
a) vascular spasm, clotting, polycythemiab) hemolysis, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation c) emigration, clotting, hemolysisd) vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, clotting e) anemia, hemogenesis, platelet plug formation
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis.Learning Objective 2: 19.7.1 Describe the three mechanisms that contribute to hemostasis. Section Reference 1: 19.7 Hemostasis
27) The intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of blood clotting are identical after formation of
a) thromboplastin.b) prothrombinase.c) clotting factor XII. d) fibrin.e) tissue factor.
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis.Learning Objective 2: 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting.Section Reference 1: 19.7 Hemostasis
28) Which of the following clotting factors is involved in strengthening and stabilizing a blood clot?
a) Factor Vb) Factor VIIc) Factor XId) Factor XIIIe) Factor XIV
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis.Learning Objective 2: 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting.Section Reference 1: 19.7 Hemostasis
29) Which of the following situations could result in maternal antibodies attacking fetal blood cells during a second pregnancy?
a) Mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh negative b) Mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive c) Mom is Rh positive and fetus is Rh negative d) Mom is Rh positive and fetus is Rh positive.
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.8 Understand the blood groups and blood types and their importance in blood transfusions.Learning Objective 2: 19.8.1 Distinguish between the ABO and Rh blood groups. Section Reference 1: 19.8 Blood Groups and Blood Types
30) Which of the following opposes the action of thromboxane A2 by inhibiting platelet adhesion and release?
a) Heparinb) Fibrinogen c) Plasmind) Antithrombin e) Prostacyclin
Answer: e
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis.Learning Objective 2: 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting.Section Reference 1: 19.7 Hemostasis
31) Which of the following substances is an anticoagulant produced by mast cells and basophils?
a) Heparin
b) Fibrinogenc) Thromboxane A2 d) Prostacycline) Plasmin
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis.Learning Objective 2: 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting.Section Reference 1: 19.7 Hemostasis
32) Which of the cells in the diagram will eventually develop into macrophages?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
Answer: e
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
33) Which of the cells in the diagram will increase the number of nuclear lobes as they age?
a) A
b) B c) C d) D e) E
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
34) Which of the cells in the diagram can be subdivided into categories of small and large versions of this cell type?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
35) Which labeled cell in the diagram is a WBC?
a) A b) B c) Cd) Both B and Ce) All of these choices
Answer: c
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
36) Which labeled cell in the diagram is a pluripotent stem cell?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) G
Answer: a
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
37) Which letter in the diagram indicates the correct position of a myeloid stem cell?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) G
Answer: b
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
38 Which labeled cell in the diagram is the reticulocyte?
a) D b) G c) E d) H e) F
Answer: c
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
39 Which labeled cell in the diagram will develop into thrombocytes?
a) G b) J c) K d) L e) E
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
40) Which of the labeled form elements of blood shown in the diagram are granular leukocytes?
a) I b) J c) Kd) More than one of the selections is correct. e) None of selections are correct.
Answer: e
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
41) What is this figure demonstrating?
a) Erythropoiesisb) RBC differentiation c) Emigrationd) Clot formation e) Clot retraction
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
42) What does this figure represent?
a) Erythropoiesisb) RBC differentiation c) Emigrationd) Clot formation e) Clot retraction
Answer: d
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis.Learning Objective 2: 19.7.1 Describe the three mechanisms that contribute to hemostasis. Section Reference 1: 19.7 Hemostasis
43) Which of the following antibodies would you find in the plasma of a person with type Oblood?
a) antiAb) antiBc) antiA and antiBd) No antibodies to ABO blood group antigens e) Not enough information to answer
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.8 Understand the blood groups and blood types and their importance in blood transfusions.Learning Objective 2: 19.8.1 Distinguish between the ABO and Rh blood groups. Section Reference 1: 19.8 Blood Groups and Blood Types
44) What blood type is a person if their plasma contains only antiA agglutinin?
a) A b) B c) Od) ABe) Not enough information is provided to answer question.
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.8 Understand the blood groups and blood types and their importance in blood transfusions.Learning Objective 2: 19.8.1 Distinguish between the ABO and Rh blood groups. Section Reference 1: 19.8 Blood Groups and Blood Types
Question type: Essay
45) List and briefly describe the major functions of blood.
Answer:
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Learning Objective 2: 19.1.1 Describe the functions of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of BloodSolution: 1) Transportation of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, hormones and heat; 2) Regulation of pH via buffers, body temperature via properties of water in plasma, and water
balance via osmotic pressure created by plasma proteins; 3)Protection via clotting, antibodies, phagocytosis, and complement.
46) Describe the negative feedback loop that controls the rate of erythropoiesis. Under what circumstances would you expect the rate of erythropoiesis to increase? How would it be possible to tell if the rate of erythropoiesis is elevated?
Answer:
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 2: 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells.Section Reference 1: 19.3 Red Blood CellsSolution: Hypoxia in the kidney leads to secretion of erythropoietin, which targets proerythroblasts in red bone marrow to mature into reticulocytes, which enter circulation to become red blood cells thus increasing the oxygencarrying capacity of blood. Tissue hypoxia is induced by any form of anemia (reduced oxygencarrying capacity of blood), or when oxygen levels in the external environment are low (e.g., high altitudes). High levels of reticulocytes in the circulation are a strong indicator of increased erythropoiesis.
47) Explain the proposed role of hemoglobin in the regulation of blood flow and blood pressure.
Answer:
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells.Section Reference 1: 19.3 Red Blood CellsSolution: The gaseous hormone nitric oxide (NO), produced by the endothelial cells that line blood vessels, binds to hemoglobin. Under some circumstances, hemoglobin releases NO. The released NO causes vasodilation, an increase in blood vessel diameter that occurs when the smooth muscle in the vessel wall relaxes. Vasodilation improves blood flow and enhances oxygen delivery to cells near the site of NO release.
48) Why does damaged endothelium present an increased risk of blood clotting?
Answer:
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis.Learning Objective 2: 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting.Section Reference 1: 19.7 Hemostasis
Solution: Blood may come in contact with collagen in the surrounding basal lamina, which activates clotting factor XII, which ultimately leads to the formation of fibrin clots. Platelets also adhere to collagen exposed by damage to the endothelium and begin their release reaction
Question type: Multiple Choice
49) When blood from a normal adult is centrifuged as shown in the figure, which of the following components occupies the greatest volume?
a) plasmab) red blood cells c) plateletsd) buffy coate) white blood cells
Answer: a
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.
Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
50) What percentage of the blood component labeled I in the figure is protein?
a) 20%b) 7%c) 1.5% d) 55% e) 54%
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
51) What is the normal concentration range of the formed element that comprises the blood component labeled III in the figure?
a) 400,000–1 million cells/μLb) 150–200 cells/μLc) 4.8–5.4 million cells/μLd) 150,000–400,000 cells/μLe) 5,000–10,000 cells/μL
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
52) Which of the following blood cell types normally comprises the highest percentage of the blood component labeled II in the figure?
a) eosinophils b) monocytesc) lymphocytes d) neutrophils e) basophils
Answer: d
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
53) Which of the following blood cell types normally comprises the smallest percentage of the blood component labeled II in the figure?
a) eosinophils b) monocytesc) lymphocytes d) neutrophils e) basophils
Answer: e
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
54) Which of the following types of proteins is present at the highest percentage in the blood component labeled I in the figure?
a) globulin b) albuminc) fibrinogen d) thrombin e) keratin
Answer: b
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
55) Which of the following types of proteins is present at the lowest percentage of the blood component labeled I in the figure?
a) globulin b) albuminc) fibrinogend) all of the protein listed are found in equal percentages e) none of proteins listed are found in component I
Answer: c
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood.Learning Objective 2: 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood.Section Reference 1: 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
56) Which of the following precursor cells eventually give rise to neutrophils?
a) Megakaryoblast b) Proerythroblast
c) T lymphoblast d) Monoblaste) Myeloblast
Answer: e
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
57) Which of the following precursor cells eventually give rise to the platelets?
a) Megakaryoblast b) Proerythroblast c) T lymphoblast d) Monoblaste) Myeloblast
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
58) Which of the following formed elements found in the blood are derived from reticulocytes?
a) Plateletsb) Erythrocytesc) T lymphocytes d) Monocytese) Basophils
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
59) Which of the following precursor cells give rise to agranular leukocytes?
a) Proerythroblast b) Megakaryoblast c) Lymphoblast
d) Myeloblaste) None of the selections are correct.
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
60) Which of the following precursor cells give rise to granular leukocytes?
a) Proerythroblast b) Megakaryoblast c) Lymphoblastd) Myeloblaste) None of the selections are correct.
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells
61) A high count of which of the white blood cells shown in the figure may indicate bacterial infection, stress, or inflammation?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
62) A high count of which of the white blood cells shown in the figure may indicate viral infections?
a) A & B b) B & C c) C & D d) D & E e) E & C
Answer: d
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
63) A high count of which of the white blood cells shown in the figure may indicate parasitic infection or autoimmune disease?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
Answer: b
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).
Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
64) A high count of which of the white blood cells shown in the figure may indicate cancer or hypothyroidism?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
Answer: c
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
65) A high count of which of the white blood cells shown in the figure may indicate fungal infection?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
Answer: e
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
66) A low count of which of the white blood cells shown in the figure may indicate pregnancy, ovulation, or hyperthyroidism?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
Answer: c
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
67) A low count of which of the white blood cells shown in the figure may indicate radiation exposure, or systemic lupus erythromatosus?
a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
Answer: a
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
68) Low counts of which two cell types shown in the figure may result from treatment with cortisol?
a) A & B b) B & C c) C & D d) D & E e) E & C
Answer: d
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells(WBCs).Section Reference 1: 19.4 White Blood Cells
69) Serum is
a) the same as plasma.b) plasma without the clotting factors. c) the same as lymph.d) formed during the first step in blood clotting. e) pulmonary interstitial fluid.
Answer: b
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis.Learning Objective 2: 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting.Section Reference 1: 19.7 Hemostasis
70) Reduced vitamin B12 absorption from the small intestine due to reduced intrinsic factor production in the stomach results in condition called
a) hemorrhagic anemia. b) aplastic anemia.c) megaloblastic anemia. d) pernicious anemia.e) iron deficiency anemia.
Answer: d
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.9 Describe the homeostatic imbalances that affect blood. Section Reference 1: Disorders: Homeostatic Imbalances that Affect Blood
71) Destruction of red bone marrow due to radiation results in
a) hemorrhagic anemia.b) aplastic anemia.c) megaloblastic anemia. d) pernicious anemia.e) iron deficiency anemia.
Answer: b
Difficulty: HardLearning Objective 1: 19.9 Describe the homeostatic imbalances that affect blood. Section Reference 1: Disorders: Homeostatic Imbalances that Affect Blood
72) A condition in which inadequate intake of vitamin B12 or folic acid causes production of large abnormal red blood cells is called
a) hemorrhagic anemia. b) aplastic anemia.c) megaloblastic anemia. d) pernicious anemia.e) iron deficiency anemia.
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.9 Describe the homeostatic imbalances that affect blood. Section Reference 1: Disorders: Homeostatic Imbalances that Affect Blood
73) Anemia is defined as
a) a condition where blood does not clot properly.b) a condition where blood cells are lysed by the immune response. c) a condition where there is excessive bleeding.d) a condition in which the oxygencarrying capacity of blood is reduced. e) none of these choices.
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.9 Describe the homeostatic imbalances that affect blood. Section Reference 1: Disorders: Homeostatic Imbalances that Affect Blood
Question type: Essay
74) List and briefly describe the three mechanisms used to reduce blood loss from a damaged blood vessel.
Answer:
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis.Learning Objective 2: 19.7.1 Describe the three mechanisms that contribute to hemostasis. Section Reference 1: 19.7 HemostasisSolution: 1) Vascular spasm occurs when circularly arranged smooth muscles in arteriole walls contract to reduce blood loss. 2) Platelet plug formation starts when platelets making contactwith collagen fibers from a damaged vessel. This will initiate a series of reactions, which leads to platelet activation and the release of their vesicular content that ultimately attracts more platelets to the area, eventually leading to the formation of a plug over the damaged area. 3) Bloodclotting involves a cascade of enzymatic reactions following platelet plug formation. The clot enables the damaged vessel to heal and repair properly.
Question type: Multiple Choice
75) Stercobilin, a brown pigment that gives feces its characteristic color, and urobilin, a yellow pigment that gives urine its color, are both breakdown products of which of the following components of blood?
a) heme b) globin
c) irond) ferritine) erythropoietin
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells.Section Reference 1: 19.3 Red Blood Cells
76) The average life span of an erythrocyte in the circulation is
a) 4 to 5 years.b) 4 to 5 hours. c) 5 to 9 days. d) 120 days.e) 120 weeks.
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells.Section Reference 1: 19.3 Red Blood Cells
77) Which of the following are characteristics of BOTH erythrocytes and thromobocytes?
a) no nucleusb) large segmented nucleus c) cytoplasmic granulesd) lifespan of 5 to 9 dayse) develop from myeloblastsf) more than one answer selection is correct
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.5 Describe the structure, function, and origin of platelets. Section Reference 1: 19.5 Platelets
78) Which of the following formed elements in blood are removed by fixed macrophages in the spleen and liver after only 5 to 9 days in the circulation?
a) erythrocytes b) thrombocytes c) monocytesd) basophilse) eosinophils
Answer: b
Difficulty: EasyLearning Objective 1: 19.5 Describe the structure, function, and origin of platelets. Section Reference 1: 19.5 Platelets
79) A cordblood transplant involves obtaining the stem cells to transplant into the diseased patient from
a) the spermatic cord of a donor’s testes. b) the spinal cord of the patient.c) the umbilical cord of a donor shortly after birth. d) the irradiated bone marrow of the patient.e) the spinal cord of an aborted fetus.
Answer: c
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.6 Explain the importance of bone marrow transplants and stem cell transplants.Section Reference 1: 19.6 Stem Cell Transplants from Bone Marrow and Cord Blood
80) If type A blood is infused into a patient with type O blood, which of the following adverse reactions would you expect to observe in the patient?
a) Agglutination (clumping) of the transfused blood cells.b) Complementinduced hemolysis of the transfused blood cells.c) Released hemoglobin clogging the filtration membrane of the kidneys. d) More than one of the answer selection is correct.e) No adverse reactions would occur.
Answer: d
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.8 Understand the blood groups and blood types and their importance in blood transfusions.
Learning Objective 2: 19.8.2 Explain why it is so important to match donor and recipient blood types before administering a transfusion.Section Reference 1: 19.8 Blood Groups and Blood Types
81) Which of the following blood types is a person whose blood cells were agglutinated by both antiA serum and antiB serum, but not by antiRh serum?
a) AB negative b) AB positive c) O negatived) O positivee) None of the selections are correct
Answer: a
Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective 1: 19.8 Understand the blood groups and blood types and their importance in blood transfusions.Learning Objective 2: 19.8.2 Explain why it is so important to match donor and recipient blood types before administering a transfusion.Section Reference 1: 19.8 Blood Groups and Blood Types