CHILD CARE & DEVELOPMENTInfants

INFANT MOBILITY

Motor Development – the use and control over muscles Large muscles = gross motor skills Small muscles = fine motor skills

Locomotion – the ability for an infant to move from place to place Crawling, creeping, and cruising

INFANT SPEECH AND LEARNING

Intellectual Development – how infants learn, what they learn, and how they express what they know through language or react to stimuli Stimuli – sounds, light, other people

3 Months Can tell the difference between the sounds

mama and dada

3-6 Months Prefer the colors red and blue

INFANT SPEECH AND LEARNING

Cognition – the act or process of knowing or understanding that gives meaning to perceptions

Sensorimotor Stage – Piaget’s first stage of mental development where an uses infant senses and motor skills to learn and communicate

12 Months (1 year) Piaget believes infants apply all of their learning

to solve problems

INFANT SPEECH AND LEARNING

Babbling – the sounds infants make, such as ba, da, and ga

Reduplication babbling – repeating the same syllable over and over, such as da, da, da, da…

Active vocabulary – words used when talking or writing

Passive vocabulary – words understood, but not said

INFANT SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Social-emotional Development – Showing feelings through emotions, mood/disposition, and learning to interact in social groups Disposition (or temperament) – the tendency to

react in a certain way, such as being happy or fussy Easy, slow to warm up, and difficult

INFANT SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Trust Vs. Mistrust – Erikson’s stage of personality development dealing with infants

Fear of the Unknown – Strangers, sudden movement, new objects, new sounds

Separation Anxiety – the first experience of anxiety an infant has; between 10-12 months

Anger – expressed in physical ways, such as grabbing, shaking, or hitting

INFANT PHYSICAL NEEDS AND FEEDING

6 months Doctors recommend starting solid foods

Reflexive Response – infants thrust tongue forward, pushing spoon out of mouth during first spoon feeding Doesn’t mean they don’t like it

SIDS – Sudden Infant Death Syndrome How to prevent?

INFANT PHYSICAL NEEDS AND FEEDING

Sensory Stimulation Activities – letting infant touch safe objects, mobiles, sounds Too many activities can confuse or bore the

infant

Coordination – the working together of muscles in movements

Peek-a-boo – one of the first games that teaches problem solving to infants

INFANT PHYSICAL NEEDS AND FEEDING

Pat-a-cake – One of the first language action games for infants

Infants must possess objects before learning to share