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Scholarly Publishing at the Crossroads

Carol TenopirUniversity of Tennessee

ctenopir@utk.edu

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Scholarly Publishing at the Crossroads

SPARCSociety Publishers

Commercial Publishers

Bio

Med

Cen

tral

Inst

itutio

nal R

epos

itorie

s

E-Print Service

Self-Archives

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Three Main Models

1. With Traditional Publishers

2. New Relationship with Publishers

3. Without Traditional Publishers

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With Traditional Publishers

• Society Publishers 23%• Commercial Publishers 40%• Other 21%• Educational 16%

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New Relationships

• SPARC (Scholarly Publishing and Academic Researches Coalition)

• BioMed Central• Public Library of Science• Budapest Open Archives Initiative

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Without Traditional Publishers

• Institutional Repositories (“University Archiving”)

• Self-Archiving

• E-Print Service (e.g., arXiv.org)

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Awareness of E-print Services (in percent of respondents)

ArXiv.org PrePrint Other Network

AAS 84.5% 4.7% u/k

ORNL 49% 25% u/k

UTK 8% 6% 4%

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Electronic Articles Reading

E-journals E-prints Other Total

AAS 58.6% 18.3% 2% 78.9%

 

ORNL 17.3% 3.6% 14% 34.9%

 

UTK 15% ~15% 5% ~35%

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Periodicals

Number of online refereed scholarly periodicals ~12,000

Number of refereed scholarly periodicals ~15,000

Total number of periodicals ~250,000

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Costs for a 500-Subscriber Print Journal

• Reproduction/ Distribution 11%

• Fixed (front-end) 89% -- Intellectual/ Educational

75%

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Publishing Chain

Reader AuthorLi

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Consorti

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Indexer

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Publis

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Editor

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Publishing Chain

Reader AuthorLi

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Publishing Chain

Reader AuthorLi

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Publishing Chain

Reader AuthorLi

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Publishing Chain

Reader AuthorLi

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Publishing Chain

Reader AuthorLi

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Publishing Chain

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Publishing Chain

Reader Author

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Purposes of Scholarly Publishing

• Authority• Quality• Accessibility• Longevity• Priority and Recognition

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What is Needed to Substitute?

• Authors

• Universities

• Another not-for-profit body

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What is Needed?

• Commitment

• Adherence to Standards

• Multiple Solutions

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Closing Words

• Electronic publishing doesn’t drastically reduce costs

• Intellectual costs are highest• Must work together• Multiple co-existing alternatives