c1. 4 muhammad irfan & sania amin: psychosocial counselling and physical fitness related...

Psychosocial Counseling & Physical Fitness related Services for Refugee Children in Pakistani Prison

Muhammad Irfan Sania Amin

Rights DefendersPakistan

www.rightsdefenders.com

Rethinking Urbanisation and Equity in Asia: Harnessing the Potential of Urban Living for All

Children

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Session C1: Inclusion and Access to Services Presentation: 4

http://www.rightsdefenders.com/

Introduction• Karachi is a city where millions of Afghan, Bengali &

Burmese resides and their areas are thickly populated deprived from basic facilities i.e. food, shelter, water and sanitation, health-care, education and jobs and due to such issues the parents of these children are not able satisfy their basic needs and these children comes on streets where they become an easy target of antisocial groups and get involved in all types of crimes.

• These gangs involved them, in addiction, criminal activities and also abuse them physically and sexually and they are vulnerable of psychological problems and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and all other health problems.

2Rethinking Urbanisation and Equity in Asia: Harnessing the Potential of Urban Living for

All Children

Introduction• Religious extremism is also a big cause of delinquent

behavior; it may be having grudges with other religion or sect. Unfortunately intolerance between different religions and sects are at high level and this religious and sectarian violence spoiling our youths greatly.

• Pakistani Juvenile Jails to understand the pattern and dimensions that why children commit crime and what factors lead them to become a delinquent child and take big risks.


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Introduction• Youthful Offender Industrial School (YOIS)• Capacity of YOIS• Refugees in Karachi• Afghan Refugees• Indian Children in Detention• Daily routine of Children in Detention• Issues and Challenges of Juveniles• Issues and Challenges of Indian & Afghan Children• Legal System for Juveniles


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Introduction

• Legal System for Indian and Afghan Children• Psychosocial counselling• Physical Fitness related services• Legal Assistance


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Literature Review• Adolescents that break the laws and engage in illegal

acts are called as Juvenile delinquents. • Juvenile delinquency is a broad concept; violation of

law range from littering to murder. • The major cause of juvenile delinquency are

dysfunctional community system, adverse peers, disobedience in schools and involvement in such peers who are involved in deviant behaviors, lower socio economic class areas, living with scarce financial resources and unemployment. (Auolakh, 1999)


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Literature Review• According to Neva R. Deardorff 1926, Juvenile delinquents

are not only those who violate laws, even those who do not obey moral values are also delinquent children.

• K. M. Banham Bridges 1927, defined that there are several factors that lead towards delinquent behavior, these factors and conditions includes:

• Physical factors• Mental factors• Home conditions• School conditions• Neighborhood conditions and • Occupational conditions.


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Methodology• Design: Descriptive study• Participants: Entire Universe of YOIS (Total:260, Indian

20 & Afghan 23) • Procedure: Permission from Prison authorities has

been taken, observe the routine of children in prison, note down their activities for 2 years in different intervals, interview children about their cause and nature of offense, enrolled children in psychosocial counselling and Physical fitness related programs, rule out the difference between control and treatment group.


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Methodology• Analysis: Data analysed through the frequency tables

and find out the difference between treatment and control group.


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Results • On everyday basis about 60 children get benefit from

the gym and to date there are more than 350 children got registered and get benefit from this facility. These children are trained through a professional gym instructor and psychologist, who help them to engage in healthy activities and assist them to adapt the socially accepted behaviors through on-going psychosocial support.

• Refugees’ children response remains remarkable in such activities


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Results • From January 2012 to December 2013, 308/ 350

children got released from the detention center on different occasions and followed to assess the rate of recidivism. Remarkably, only 5 children were rearrested in other offences.


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Implications for Policy/Practice

• This model shows that recidivism and juvenile delinquency can be countered through healthy activities even under limited resources.

• Refugee/alien children can be fit in such• As well, the model can be replicated and implemented in

other juvenile resource-limited settings, nationally and internationally.

• National/international laws related to juveniles needs to be revisited to save children from such prolonged detention.

• True Implementation on UNCRC and JJSO 2000 is important.


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Implications for Policy/Practice

• True Implementation on UNCRC and JJSO 2000 is important.

• Police Training is important to deal with children in detention.

• Juveniles access to their families/embassies/consulates/ should be done on priority basis as the child got arrested.

• Physical and psychological health should be on priority for prison authorities.

• Child labor should be banned where they can be the victim of juvenile justice system in their ignorance.


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Conclusion• Juvenile delinquency rate can be minimized by minimizing

these factors and enhancing support system, attachment with family, and provision of basic requirements to slum areas, effective teaching, and provision of formal and non-formal education, school connectedness, and low neighborhood crime rates. And it is very much important to work on their major causes i.e. peer pressure and substance abuse to alleviate crime and save our children form juvenile delinquency.

• Education of children should be done by the state parities to safeguard from national and international laws.


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Conclusion• Physical health related initiatives can be effective tool for

behavioral modification.


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Acknowledgment

• We are thankful for all children who taken part in this study and shared their valuable inputs for the well being of all children in similar settings.


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c1. 4 muhammad irfan & sania amin: psychosocial counselling and physical fitness related...

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