calcium looping for co capture in the cement industry ... · institute of combustion and power...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Calcium looping for CO capture in the cement industry ... · Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology Prof. Dr. techn. G. Scheffknecht Matthias Hornberger, Reinhold Spörl,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070904/5f6e4fcc7bfde76b8b23bffb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology
Prof. Dr. techn. G. Scheffknecht
Matthias Hornberger, Reinhold Spörl,
Günter Scheffknecht
• Calcium looping for
CO2 capture in the
cement industry –
pilot scale experiments
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2University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
Expertise in Lime based Fluidized Bed Processes
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
Fluidized Bed Processes
Calcium Looping (CaL)
Chemical Looping (CLC)
Oxy-fuel CFB
Sorption enhanced gasification (SEG)
Oxy-fuel SER
Fuels
Biomass
Waste
Coal / Lignite
Measurement techniques
Sorbent Characterization (TGA)
Online gas analysis:
CO2, CO, O2, H2, CH4, SOx, NOx
Non-condensable HC: GC
Tar: wet chemical & online (FID)
H2S, HCl, NH3: wet chemical
200 kWth DFB Pilot
Facility20 kWth electrically
heated DFB System
5 kWth electrically heated
FB batch System
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Calcium – Looping
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4University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
• CO2 capture by cyclic calcination and carbonation of Calciumcarbonat (CaCO3)
• High energy efficiency due to high temperature level
Calcium Looping – Basics
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
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5University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
Calcium Looping – Cement Plant Integration
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
• Cement plants’ raw meal completely calcined by
CaL process
• Flue gas similar to power plant application
• High make-up ratio realizable
• Higher energy efficiency and higher complexity
compared to tail-end
Clinker
cooler
Ca
lcin
er
Raw
meal
fuelO2
Ca
rbo
na
tor
CO2 depleted
flue gas
CO2 to CPU
clinker
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6University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
• Part of raw meal calcined in CaL process
• CO2 flue gas concentration ~ 20 - 35 %
• Easy integration
• Reduced energy efficiency
Calcium Looping – Cement Plant Integration
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
clinker
Ca
lcin
erCaCO3
fuelO2
Ca
rbo
na
tor
CO2 depleted
flue gas
CO2 to CPU
CEMENT
plant
Raw
meal
CaO
Flue gas
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Experimental facility –200 kWth pilot plant (MAGNUS)
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8University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
Fluidized Bed Research Facilities – MAGNUS
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
200 – 230 kWth pilot scale facility (3 reactors)
Bubbling bed reactor (1x)
• diameter: 330 mm
• height: 6 m
Circulating fluidized bed reactor (2x)
• diameter: 200 mm
• height: 10 m
Possible reactor configuration: CFB-CFB, BFB-CFB
No electrical heating (heated by combustion)
Gas analysis (H2, CO, CH4, O2, CO2, CxHy, SO2, NOX)
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9University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
MAGNUS – CFB-CFB configuration
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
• CFB reactors coupled by
cone valves installed in
loop seals
• Synthetic flue gas mixed by
air, CO2 and steam
• Hot flue recirculation in
case of oxy-fuel operation
• Solid transfer measured by
microwave sensors
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10University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
MAGNUS – BFB-CFB configuration
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
• Coupling by conveyer
screw in loop seal stand
pipe and bottom loop seal
• Solid transfer proportional
to rotation speed
• Various sampling ports for
gas analysis and solid
sampling
•
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11University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
Carbonator (CFB, TFB):
• Flue gas:
• yH2O ~ 15 %
• yCO2,dry ~ 15 %*
Experimental conditions
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
Calciner / Regenerator (CFB):
• Oxy-fuel: hot recirculated flue gas
from calciner mixed with O2
• Staged oxidant feeding
• Fuel: Columbian hard coal
• Sorbent: Limestone from western
GermanyGas analysis:
• Confirmation of calibration every 24 h
• NDIR online gas analyzers
• Periodic cleaning of gas filters
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12University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
Experimental results – Hydrodynamic
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
• Hydrodynamic is essential for
stable operation
• Internal recirculation enables self-
stabilizing of CFB reactors
• Bed inventory is adjustable by
pressure difference between the
reactors
• homogeneous solid distribution in
CFB risers
• Dense region at bottom of TFB
carbonator
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13University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
Experimental results – Temperature profile
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
• Calcination reaction of limestone
moderates calciner temperature
• Uniform reaction conditions
beneficial for
• sorbent properties
• combustion performance
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14University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
• Increase in thermal duty with
make-up due to endothermic
calcination reaction
• High O2 demand required to
obtain a consistent velocity
• Low recirculation of calciner
off gas (< 30 %)
Experimental results – Calciner operation
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
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15University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
Experimental results – CO2 capture
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
• CO2 capture was limited by the equilibrium CO2 capture
• High CO2 capture rate above 90 % reached
• High sorbent activity due to high make-up flows
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Summary, Outlook, Conclusion
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17University of Stuttgart - Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology -
Conclusion and Outlook
M. Sc. Matthias Hornberger
• Beneficial Calcium Looping operation conditions due to reutilization of sorbent in cement
plant
• >90 % CO2 capture in carbonator achieve over a wide range of parameters
• High make-up rates cause an increased thermal load of the calciner and require higher
calciner oxygen concentrations
• Calcium Looping highly promising for CO2 capture from cement manufacturing
• Experiments on tail-end Calcium Looping CO2 capture form cement manufacturing
ongoing
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phone +49 711 685-
fax +49 711 685-
University of Stuttgart
Thank you!
Pfaffenwaldring 23 70569 Stuttgart Germany
Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology