calit2 and international r&d: india

The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego

Calit2 GlobalThe Internationalization of the Academic, Public,

Private Partnership

Jerry SheehanCalifornia Institute for Telecommunications

and Information Technology


Presentation Overview

• What is Calit2?

• Why is Calit2 Interested in International Partnerships?

• What makes Calit2 Unique in Our Approach?

• Unique Facilities Overview


What is Calit2? UC San Diego and UC Irvine California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

• 220 Faculty and Researchers

• New Funding Model (4 Years)– State $100M– Industry $140M– Private $30 M– Campus $30M– Federal $100-200M– Total $400-500M

• One of four awarded– CNSI, CITRIS, QB3


Cal-(IT)2 Research Framework:Applications Focus Areas

Materials & Devices

Networked Infrastructure

Environment & Civil

Infrastructure

Intelligent Transportation

Digitally Enabled Genomic Medicine

New Media Arts

Interfaces & Software Systems

Policy, Management & Socioeconomic Evolution

Ed

uca

tion

Ind

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• 102 Distinct Faculty from 23 departments– ECE, CSE, BioEng, MAE, SE– Cal-(IT)² (ORU), IGPP, IR/PS, 6th College– Math, Physics, Bio, Chem/Biochem,

GeoSci– CogSci, Communication, Econ,

Psychology– Medicine, Neuroethology, Neuroscience,

Visual Arts, Music• 94 graduate students (fellowships and

GSRs)– BioEng, CSE, ECE, MAE– Math, Physics, Mat Sci– Econ, IR/PS, – History, Literature, Music, Political

Science, Visual Arts• 20 undergraduate students

– BioEng, CSE, ECE, – Biology, Math, Chem/BioChem, Physics,

SIO, Music, Neuroethology

Calit2 Academic Overview:Inherently Multi and Interdisciplinary

• 45 faculty receiving funding directly through Cal-(IT)² sponsored research projects

• 33 faculty supervising Cal-(IT)² graduate fellowship recipients

• 16 faculty supervising Cal-(IT)² undergraduate summer scholarships

• 17 faculty receiving matching funds from Cal-(IT)²

• 13 faculty self-identifying research projects as related to the Cal-(IT)² mission


Calit2 Industrial Partners:Partnering with the Private Sector

Akamai BoeingBroadcomAMCC CAIMISCompaqConexant Copper Mountain EmulexEnterprise Partners VCEntropiaEricssonGlobal PhotonHNSHPIBMIntersilIrvine SensorsLeap WirelessLitton IndustriesMedExpert Merck Microsoft

Mission VenturesNCR

Newport CorporationOrincon

Panoram Technologies Printronix

QUALCOMMQuantum

R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical RISAIC

SciFrameSeagate Storage

Silicon Wave Sony

STMicroelectronicsSun Microsystems

TeraBurst Networks Texas InstrumentsUCSD Healthcare The Unwired Fund

WebEx

Over 40 CompaniesCommitting Over

$140 MillionIn Four Years!

ComputersCommunications

SoftwareSensors

BiomedicalStartups

Venture Firms


Why is Calit2 Interested in International Partnerships?

• Globalization of Science and Engineering– Science and engineering are increasingly global

• Calit2 Industrial Partners are Increasingly Operating in the Global Marketplace– Calit2 Partners in India

• An Emerging Global Technology Infrastructure for Research Collaboration at the Speed of Light– Optical Networks and Virtual HD Telepresence


Globalization of Science and Engineering

• New Science and Engineering Phds are Increasingly International– The EU already produces almost 1.5 PHds for every American S&E PhD, China is also quickly rising

• International Scientific Publications with Co-Authorship– Without regards to geographic region there has been a substantial increase in international co-authorship in academic

research and technical publications.

• U.S. Patents: American inventors account for 52% of all patents granted. Foreign patent applications have grown from 44% (96) to 48% (03).

– Top five countries are Japan, Germany, Taiwan, South Korea, and France.

– India patent applications in 1990=58 in 2000=1200

International S&E PhD International Scientific Co-Authorship

Source: Richard Freeman, National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2005

Source: National Science Indicators, National Science Board, 2006 Source: National Science Indicators, National Science Board, 2006

US Patents, Country of Origin


Global Research and Development Investment is Increasing

Source: National Science Board, National Science Indicators 2006


Global Technological Competitiveness



Calit2 Industrial Partners See the World as Flat and India as a Global Partner


An Emerging Global Technology Infrastructure for Research Collaboration at the Speed of Light

• Global photonic research networks are becoming increasingly interconnected– iGrid 2005 in San Diego

• These “light”networks allow for data intensive computing and telepresence in ways never possible before.– First trans-pacific super high

definition telepresence in the World.


Objectives for Calit2 Global Initiatives

1. Extend our expertise in understanding the academic,

public, and private collaborative research model to the

emerging global realities of science and engineering.

2. Take advantage of unique research opportunities by

engaging with various international social, economic, and

technological ecosystems.

3. Earn a reputation for leadership based on creating an

infrastructure (human and technical) that enhances

collaboration between US and International Partners.


Federal, State, and Private Investment Drives Research and Development at American Universities


The American Engine of Innovation:University and Industrial Research Collaboration


Why is Calit2 Unique?The Intersecton of Academic, Public, and Private Research

Academic

Government Industrial


Classic University Approach to Technology Transfer and the Prototyping Chasm

Research and Development


The Calit2 Technology Transfer Model: Expanding the University Bridge to Industry

Research, Development, and Deployment


Calit2: Private Sector Research Partnerships

• Advanced Radio Architecture and Circuit Development (Intersil) – PI: Lawrence Larson

• Advanced Data Acquisition (Intersil)– PI: Bang-Sup Song

• Advanced Power Amplifier Structures (Intersil)– PI: Peter Asbeck

• Power management in Communication Devices (Intersil)– PI: Ramesh Rao

• Transmit Diversity and Beam forming Methods for Wireless Communication (Intersil) – PI: Bhaskar Rao/Paul Siegel

• Multiple Antenna Systems for Wireless Communications (Ericsson)– PI: Bhaskar Rao, James Zeidler, Robert Bitmead

• CDMA Systems (Ericsson)– PI: Milstein, Siegel. Zeger, Cosman

• Adaptive Systems (Ericsson)– PI: R. Rao, Cruz, Cosman, Dey, Voelker)

• Coding and Detection Methods for High Speed Data Transmission (AMCC)– PI: Paul Siegel, Alexander Vardy

• Optical Components for Next Generation Optical Switching (AMCC)– PI: Shaya Fainman, Sadik Esener

• Channel Characterization of Optical Links (AMCC)– PI: Sadik Esener, Shaya Fainman

• Optical Interconnects for on-board communications (IBM)– PI: Sadik Esener, Shaya Fainman

• Multi-frame Video Enhancement Algorithm (SkyWorks)– PI: Truong Nguyen

• A Framework for Provably Correct Component Compositions– PI: Rajesh Gupta (Conexant)


Calit2 Success: From Basic Research to Prototype, Ericsson

• Sponsored Research– $ 6.2 million total including UC

Discovery match– 17 Professors (ECE, CSE, MAE) , 17

students, 4 post-docsLinear Power Amplifiers for 3G ApplicationsAdaptive SystemsCDMA SystemsMulti-Antenna Wireless Communications Systems

• 27 Student Fellowships• Researchers• Infrastructure

– 1XRTT base station– Always Best Connected tool

• Collaborations– Magnus Almgren: ECE coursed in

“Radio Networks and Simulation Models”

– Rajesh Mishra– Bluetooth Hands On Course– Spectrum workshop

• New activities spawned– RESCUE (NSF: $12.5 million)– WIISARD (NIH: $4.5 million)– WHYNET (NSF: $5.5 million)

Microlink

Ericsson

UCSD


Calit2 Success: Living Laboratories with Qualcomm

• First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet– HDR Beta Test Site at UCSD Jacobs School– Verizon just deployed EV-DO in San Diego

and Washington DC• Linking to 802.11 Mobile “Bubble”

– Tested on Campus CyberShuttle• Digital content• Cybershuttle2 • Displays, PC platform, Audio

– Location, music, multimodal access

Rooftop Qualcomm 1xEV Access Point


Calit2 Success: Functional Prototype, CalRADIO

• CalRADIO-I– Digital Signaling Processor + ARM– Operating System – RF WiFi (802.11x) Chip Set– MAC Functionality into 'C' Code – A Test Instrument, An Access Point, And

A WiFi Client• CalRADIO-II

– Gather Requirements and Specifications

– Layer 1 to Layer 7 Software Access– Several RF Front-End Modules

• 802.11x• 802.16• Cell• General RF General Development Platform

For Physical to Application Layers of Wireless Design

Physical layer

Link layer

Network layer

Transport

Session layer

Presentation

Application


Internal Components

DSP Board

RF Module

Mezzanine Connector

Breakout Connector

RF Connector

TI µP

http://calradio.calit2.net/images/RFBoard_Front.jpg


Firmware Functionality

Firmware Modification Functionality ChangeImplement RTS/CTS control

Increase to hundreds of nodes

Adaptive gain adjustments

Reduced power consumption

Punch-through comms Ops in noisy environmentsPriority scheduling in MAC Enables Emergency services overlayTDMA based QoS control Guaranteed voice/videoMAC level routing Ad hoc networks (talk to a whole

village)Customizable backoff Traffic DifferentiationData acquisition Test modalityBroken packet filter Diagnostic machineryAdaptive Protocol tuning Long range high performance

operation

Downloadable firmware mod yields profound operational changes

Save the hardware but change the functionality -- remotely!


Firmware Changes

Edit software • CalRadio SDR• 1 Linux PC• Open Gnu cross-

compiler• Ethernet connection

Tools/Equipment Required:Steps to New Firmware

Compile and Link

FTP to CalRadio

Load into DSP

10 secs

Every part of this system is open!!

Run and Test


Example MAC Change

Change probe interval timing

Ethereal frame capture before …

Code changed to reduce interval …

Code that generates long intervals …

Ethereal frame capture after …

Spectrum Analyzer Output

New interval = 3.3 msec

Old interval = 32.3 msec


Calit2 Living Laboratories Success:Drilling with Prototypes in the Field

WIISARD Drill, May 25, 2005


Calit2 is Also Uniquely Positioned Due to the Science and Engineering Leadership of California


Computer Science & Engineering

Powell-Focht Bioengineering Hall

California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

UCSD is a Growth Campus of the UC Faculty Currently: 170 Faculty, 250 by 2012


Unique Facilities: The Calit2 Building at UCSD


Floor One: The Arts Wing


Floor One: The Clean Rooms


Floor Two: Artificial Intelligence


Floor Three: Life Sciences


Floor Four: Software


Floor Five: Wireless


Floor Six: Emergency Response


Calit2 Foundational Efforts for Indian Research Relationship

• Calit2 Was A Founding Partner in the Indo-US University Network

– Original signatory to the July 2005 MOU.

– Opportunity to meet with Prime Minister Singh and Secretary of Science and Technology Ramamurthy

• Calit2 Participated in the launch of the Indo-US University Network in New Delhi.

– Opportunity to meet with President Kalam and Secretary of Science and Technology Ramamurthy

– Signatories to the second MOU between Indian-US institutions for education and research collaboration.

American University Meeting with Prime Minster Singh, Washington, July 2005

Indo-US University Network Meeting,

New Delhi, December 2005


The U.S.-India Summit Hosted by Calit2


Summit Invitees and Location

• Summit Invitees– Invitation only event for 170.– High level national academics, chief

operating officers, government officials.

– Recruitment goal is to have 60 participants from the Country of India.

• Event Location– Richard C. Atkinson Hall at

UCSD, La Jolla, CA.– Calit2 Auditorium

• 200 seat facility.• State of the art projection,

surround sound, and network connections.

AcademicIndustryGovernment


Backup Slides Behind This


Globalization of Knowledge: First University Degree by Region 1997-2000



Globalization of Knowledge:International Science and Engineering Phds



Globalization of Knowledge: Science and Technical Articles by Field and Country/Region



Globalization of Knowledge:Scientific Articles with International Co-Authorship



The Globalization of Knowledge:U.S. Patents

• U.S. inventors account for approximately 52% of all patents granted.

• Foreign patents have grown from 44% in 1996 to 48% in 2003 due to the globalization of technological innovation.– Top five countries are Japan,

Germany, Taiwan, South Korea, and France.

– India patent applications in 1990=58 in 2000=1200



The Global Nature of Science and Engineering

Source: Richard Freeman,

National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2005


Globalization of Knowledge:Increasing Globalization of U.S. Science and Engineers



California Leads the Nation in Conferring Science and Engineering Degrees


California Leads the Nation in Science and Engineering Doctorates as Share of Workforce


California Leads the Nation in Industry Performed Research and Development


California Leads the Nation in R&D as Share of Gross State Product


California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

CalRadioCalRadioA Broad Application, Open Digital Radio

Platform

http://calradio.calit2.net/


CalRadio Project Goals

The goals for the platform are:

▪ To be a low-cost, field deployable, radio/networking test vehicle for widespread wireless applications development

▪ To be made generally available to the public on an open basis for Research and Development.

i.e. smaller than a cellphone and cheaper!


CalRadio 1a Features and Specifications

• Size 4” x 6” max• 1 external pushbutton• 10/100 Ethernet Phy• 4 channel 12 bit ADC 100KSPS• 4 channel 12 bit DAC 100KSPS• TMS320VC5471 DSP/ARM7 Chip• Operation from Wall transformer/auto (5 - 12 VDC) • Plug power connector enables battery/solar operation• Four external LED indicators (Pwr, 802.3, 802.11,

Flashdisk)• Dismountable antenna – SMA connector• Jumpers on power connections to measure current draw• Serial port connector• Works for omni or point-to-point links

http://calradio.calit2.net/images/PhotoFrontPanel_Lg.jpg

http://calradio.calit2.net/images/PhotoRearPanel_Lg.jpg


CalRadio 1.0 MP Board Block Diagram

IntelEthernet

XCVRLXT971A

ARMSDRAMMemory

ARMSRAM

Memory

ARMFlash Memory

JTAGI/F E

MIFTMS320CV5471

ARMProcessor

TMS320CV5471DSP

Processor

RF Module Connector

SerialPort

DSP Expansion Connector

DSP CMOSSRAM

Memory1M

16 Bit4 Channel

ADC

16 Bit4 Channel

DAC

TempSense

EEPROMI2C I/F

EMIF

ProgrammableLogic

Enet status LEDs

General Status LEDs

Power Conversionand

Regulation

PowerInput

RJ45ENETPort

RS232UART


CalRadio 1.0 RF Module

RF Module Features

• Intersil HFA3863 baseband processor

• 802.11b full physical layer implementation

• Size: 2.5” x 3.0” (6.25 cm x 7.7 cm)

Antenna

Select

MAXIM MAX2821

Baseband Transceiver

RF Module Connector

CalRadio I RF Board Block Diagram

Antenna

Connector

AntennaConnector

FilterSPDTMMIC

Switch

Balun

PowerAmplifier

Balun

Intersil HFA3863

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

Baseband Processor


WiFi Software Architecture

Socket Library

User Application

Linux TCP/IP Protocol Stack

WirelessExtensions(Wireless

Tools)

iwconfig

Mailboxes

Interrupts

WiFi Kernel DriverDSPC

MailboxCommunications

ISR

Endless loop MB I/F

802.11 MACimplementation

software

McBSP Serial Port

Memory I/F

CPLD

Baseband Processor

DSP 54XXARMRF Board

Ethernet MAC I/F

Ethernet Driver


CalRadio 1a Layering

# ISO- Layer CalRadio 1a Processing Element

7 Application ARM Processor – User App

6 Presentation ARM Processor – ucLinux

5 Session ARM Processor – ucLinux

4 Transport ARM Processor – ucLinux

3 Network ARM Processor – ucLinux

2 Data Link DSP – MAC

1 Physical – hardware connection

RF Module – Baseband Processor


Grass-Roots Applications

• Voice-over-IP == widespread telephony• Text messaging• Remote diagnosis• Video surveillance• Remote sensor systems• Distribution of medical information• Education and training – agriculture and

trades• Police and protection• Crop and weather report distribution• Humanitarian Assistance• Long haul networks