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• Campbell Scientific OBS-3+ Turbidity Sondes with Optical Wiper

• High Frequency Data Sampling Interval

• Most Locations Instrumented with Stage Height Recorders and Rain Gauge

From Schwartz et al., 2008

Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample

Sweede - Upper (2011) May 12th - Septmeber 30th 137.4 601 7.08 5.2% 22 0.18 0.1% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Sweede - Lower (2011) May 12th - Septmeber 30th 135.9 34 0.54 0.4% 2 0.01 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Harris Creek (2012) June 6th - November 7th 148.9 3 0.03 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Harris Creek (2013) April 9th - October 9th 182.9 55 44.17 24.1% 6 0.08 0.0% 1 0.03 0.0% 1 0.02 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Harris Creek (2014)** April 10th - November 5th 189.0 328 54.85 29.0% 189 30.69 16.2% 27 2.49 1.3% 14 0.34 0.2% 1 0.05 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Harris Creek (2015) March 25th - September 9th 168.3 2 0.01 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Harris Creek (2016 March 21st- October 14th 208.0 28 0.91 0.4% 13 0.10 0.1% 2 0.01 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Whitetail - Lower (2010) April 8th - October 12th 176.4 39 15.9 9.0% 52 10.1 5.7% 41 5.7 3.2% 19 2 1.1% 7 0.9 0.5% 0 0 0.0%

Whitetail - Upper (2011) May 5th - September 30th 170.3 5 0.09 0.1% 1 0.01 0.0% 1 0.01 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Whitetail - Middle (2011) May 5th - September 30th 148.5 4 0.05 0.0% 2 0.01 0.0% 2 0.01 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Whitetail - Lower (2011) April 12th - September 30th 141.6 5 0.06 0.0% 4 0.06 0.0% 3 0.03 0.0% 3 0.02 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Ashby Creek Lower (2012) June 8th -October 12th 135.5 255 14.07 10.4% 33 1.62 1.2% 16 0.63 0.3% 6 0.3 0.2% 1 0.07 0.1% 0 0 0.0%

Ashby Creek Lower (2013)* April 3rd - November 19th 230.1 402 46.67 20.3% 209 13.97 6.1% 156 6.85 5.1% 130 4.81 2.1% 85 3.37 1.5% 51 2.40 1.0%

Ashby Creek Lower (2014) March 20th - October 20th 213.9 367 85.74 40.1% 110 30.28 14.2% 26 4.53 2.1% 12 0.65 5.6% 2 0.04 0.9% 0 0.00 0.0%

Ashby Creek Lower (2015) March 23rd - September 29th 189.7 205 14.79 7.8% 17 1.69 0.9% 10 0.51 0.3% 1 0.07 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0%

Ashby Creek Upper (2014) March 20th - October 20th 214 360 75.06 35.1% 182 38.03 17.8% 43 15.90 7.4% 58 7.78 3.6% 10 3.06 1.4% 6 1.28 0.6%

Ashby Creek Upper (2015) March 23rd - September 20th 181.3 188 9.20 5.1% 19 1.50 0.8% 12 0.56 0.3% 5 0.13 0.1% 3 0.03 0.0% 2 0.01 0.0%

7 20 55 150Sample Size

(days)Site Name

Turbidity Thresholds (NTU)

400 1000Sample Period

• Data QA/QC to remove fouled data

• Concentration-Duration-Frequency Analysis

From Newcombe, 2003

Connecting the physical to the biological:

• Empirical model relying heavily on sediment

dose effect models

• Optimized for clear water systems

• Calculates severity of ill effects (SEV) for

trout and ranges from 0-14

• SEV 0 = nil effect -> SEV 14 = 100% mortality

Upper Willow Creek, Anaconda Unit: Culvert Removal

Upper Willow Culvert Removal

% Exceedance NTU

99.0 2.6

95.0 2.7

90.0 2.8

80.0 4.0

50.0 5.6

25.0 8.5

10.0 28.4

5.0 102.8

2.0 226.9

1.0 338.0

0.1 861.4

Unnamed Tributary to Cyclone Lake, Stillwater Unit: Culvert Removal

Cyclone Creek Culvert Removal

% Exceedance NTU

99% 0.387

95% 0.411

90% 0.428

80% 0.446

50% 0.480

25% 0.501

10% 0.639

5% 0.967

2% 2.582

1% 5.532

0.10% 22.423

0.01% 188.050

Site Name Construction Period

Sample Period Sample Size

(days)

Turbidity Thresholds (NTU)

Construction Period (days) 7 20 55 150 400 1000

Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample

Cyclone Creek Culvert Removal 8/3/2016 1 7/19/2016 - 8/24/2018 37 9 0.26388 0.713% 2 0.04866 0.132% 2 0.02777 0.075% 2 0.013888 0.038% 1 0.006944 0.019% 0 0 0.000%

Swede Creek, Stillwater Unit: Stream Emulation Culvert

% Exceedance NTU

99 0

95 0

90 0

80 0

50 0

25 1

10.0 2

5.0 7

2.0 14

1.0 27

0.1 671

Swede Creek Culvert Replacement

Cyclone Creek, Stillwater Unit: Stream Emulation Culvert

Site Name Construction Period

Sample Period Sample Size

(days)

Turbidity Thresholds (NTU)

Construction Period (days) 7 20 55 150 400 1000

Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample

Cyclone Creek Culvert Replacement 7/26/2016 - 8/2/2016 8 7/6/2016 - 8/24/2019 50 36 9.38888 18.778% 18 3.673611 7.347% 16 1.13888 2.278% 8 0.486111 0.972% 6 0.208333 0.417% 3 0.041666 0.083%

Cyclone Creek Culvert Replacement

% Exceedance NTU

99% 0.160

95% 0.213

90% 0.231

80% 0.256

50% 2.278

25% 4.616

10% 13.607

5% 29.543

2% 72.282

1% 149.544

0.10% 926.631

0.01% 1465.059

Whitetail Creek, Swan Unit : Fish Passage Barrier

% Exceedence NTU

99% 0.0

95% 0.0

90% 0.0

80% 0.0

50% 0.0

25% 0.0

10% 4.0

5% 29.0

2% 87.0

1% 167.0

0.10% 708.0

0.01% 775.0

Whitetail Creek Barrier Install

Stillwater Unit: Cross Laminated Temporary Bridge Removal

Bear Creek, Missoula Unit: Culvert Removal Sc

ale

Ch

an

ge

South Woodward Creek, Swan Unit: Culvert Removal

Harris Creek, Libby Unit: Regeneration Harvest and Broadcast Burning

Harris Creek, Libby Unit: Regeneration Harvest and Broadcast Burning

Harris Creek, Libby Unit: Regeneration Harvest and Broadcast Burning

Harris Creek 99% 95% 90% 80% 50% 25% 10% 5% 2% 1% 0.10% 0.01%

2012 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 3.4 15.1

2013 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.8 5.7 6.3 10.9 11.1 11.2 11.3 12.3 173.9

2014 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.9 9.2 28.6 32.0 40.4 70.9 182.3 551.0

2015 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.4 2.8 2.9 3.5 7.9

2016 0.48 0.53 0.55 0.6 0.7 0.9 2.2 2.9 3.9 5.2 9.2 81.7

Average 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.4 3.9 9.1 10.0 12.0 18.4 42.1 165.9

Median 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.2 2.9 3.9 5.2 9.2 81.7

Max 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.8 5.7 9.2 28.6 32.0 40.4 70.9 182.3 551.0

Min 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 3.4 7.9

STDEV 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.0 3.7 11.6 12.9 16.3 29.5 78.5 225.4

Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample Events Duration % Sample

Harris Creek (2012) June 6th - November 7th 148.9 3 0.03 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Harris Creek (2013) April 9th - October 9th 182.9 55 44.17 24.1% 6 0.08 0.0% 1 0.03 0.0% 1 0.02 0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Harris Creek (2014)** April 10th - November 5th 189.0 328 54.85 29.0% 189 30.69 16.2% 27 2.49 1.3% 14 0.34 0.2% 1 0.05 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Harris Creek (2015) March 25th - September 9th 168.3 2 0.01 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Harris Creek (2016 March 21st- October 14th 208.0 28 0.91 0.4% 13 0.10 0.1% 2 0.01 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0.00 0.0% 0 0 0.0%

Site Name Sample PeriodSample Size

(days)

Turbidity Thresholds (NTU)

7 20 55 150 400 1000

Exceedance Probability Curves

Increasing Management Intensity

within Watershed

1.57 mi2

1.81 mi2

4.52 mi2

11.02 mi2

Swede Creek

Harris Creek

Whitetail Creek

Ashby Creek

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For more information:

Jeff Schmalenberg – MT DNRC

Missoula, MT

Jschmalenberg@mt.gov

406.542.4322