can the tasmanian parliament show leadership on climate ... · • tasmania’s hydro system...
TRANSCRIPT
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Can the Tasmanian Parliament
Show Leadership on Climate Disruption?
Climate Tasmania, Sept 2019
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The New Zealand Parliament is developing an all-party, comprehensive
Climate Change Act
Why can’t the Tasmanian Parliament do the same?
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“Provide timely, independent and authoritative advice to Tasmanian business, government and community leaders on climate change
and appropriate policy responses”
Our work
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1
Tasmania as a leader
on climate action
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• Tasmania’s hydro system results from past leadership, not leadership today
Tasmania is not yet a climate leader
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• Tasmania’s hydro system results from past leadership, not leadership today
• The IPCC emphasises that burning of coal, oil and gas is the dominant cause of rising emissions
Tasmania is not yet a climate leader
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• Tasmania’s hydro system results from past leadership, not leadership today
• The IPCC emphasises that burning of coal, oil and gas is the dominant cause of rising emissions
• Mitigation strategies that rely on growing trees while ignoring fossil fuels will have little impact
Tasmania is not yet a climate leader
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• understand that climate mitigation requires effort and a price tag
Tasmania can claim legitimate climate leadership when its political leaders...
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• understand that climate mitigation requires effort and a price tag
• honestly confront climate change and acknowledge the threat it poses
Tasmania can claim legitimate climate leadership when its political leaders...
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• understand that climate mitigation requires effort and a price tag
• honestly confront climate change and acknowledge the threat it poses
• accept a role for science and other expertise in decision-making
Tasmania can claim legitimate climate leadership when its political leaders...
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• understand that climate mitigation requires effort and a price tag
• honestly confront climate change and acknowledge the threat it poses
• accept a role for science and other expertise in decision-making
• engage with the public on climate issues
Tasmania can claim legitimate climate leadership when its political leaders...
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• understand that climate mitigation requires effort and a price tag
• honestly confront climate change and acknowledge the threat it poses
• accept a role for science and other expertise in decision-making
• engage with the public on climate issues• work to significantly reduce fossil fuel emissions
Tasmania can claim legitimate climate leadership when its political leaders...
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• Much has been made of Tasmania’s reduced carbon emissions resulting from a decline in native forest harvesting
• Reduction of these land based emissions appears to show Tasmania in a good light
• However, this effect has no built in permanence
• It therefore camouflages our real climate performance
Tasmania’s carbon emissions are on the rise
TotalEnergy
Indust. process & product useAgriculture
Land use, forestryWaste
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• Total emissions increased by 1199 kt per annum
• This rise is mainly due to – Land use up by 788 kt – Industrial processes / products up by 161 kt – Agriculture up by 204 kt – Energy up by 27 kt – Waste up by 17 kt
• Ignoring land use emissions, our total emissions in 2017 were 8461 kt
• That’s 16 tonnes CO2 equivalent per person – putting us above approx 31 of the 36 OECD countries
Tasmania’s carbon emissions are on the riseFrom 2016 to 2017 our emissions have increased across all sectors
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2
The case for taking urgent action
on climate disruption
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Emissions
In 2018, carbon dioxide from fossil fuel burning was added to the atmosphere at the rate of over 100 million tonnes a day, or about 13 kg for every person on Earth.
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2018 was the 42nd year in a row with temperature above the 20th century global average
Temperature records
Source: NCDC
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The Tasmanian trend is the same
Annual mean temperature anomoly Tasmania (1910 to 2018)
Australian Bureau of Meteorology
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The longer view
Human activities in the industrial age have caused exceptionally rapid warming
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Effect of current pledges
}
Source: Climate Action Tracker
Likely to experience global warming of more than 3 degrees.
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The 1.5 degree challenge
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3
Climate policy and legislation
in Tasmania
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2007 Paul Lennon
Climate Change Strategies / Action PlansAction plans produced by state government administrations
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2007 Paul Lennon
2008 David Bartlett
Climate Change Strategies / Action Plans
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2007 Paul Lennon
2008 David Bartlett
2011 Cassy O’Connor
Climate Change Strategies / Action Plans
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2007 Paul Lennon
2008 David Bartlett
2011 Cassy O’Connor
2014 Cassy O’Connor
Climate Change Strategies / Action Plans
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2007 Paul Lennon
2008 David Bartlett
2011 Cassy O’Connor
2014 Cassy O’Connor
2016 Matthew Groom
Climate Change Strategies / Action Plans
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2007 Paul Lennon
2008 David Bartlett
2011 Cassy O’Connor
2014 Cassy O’Connor
2016 Matthew Groom
2017 Elise Archer
Climate Change Strategies / Action Plans
Many parallel scoping studies and policy frameworks have also been produced during this period
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2007 Paul Lennon
2008 David Bartlett
2011 Cassy O’Connor
2014 Cassy O’Connor
2016 Matthew Groom
2017 Elise Archer
Climate Change Strategies / Action Plans
Almost none of this work has ever been acted upon, each report being shelved on change of government
or change of responsible minister
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Climate Action 21 This current strategy contains targets and
action items that are unlikely to be taken up by a subsequent administration
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Climate Action 21 This current strategy contains targets and
action items that are unlikely to be taken up by a subsequent administration
Meanwhile...The Climate Change (State Action) Act has served no purpose since it was established in 2008
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We need mutually-agreed strategies enshrined in law in a new, comprehensive Climate Change Act.
Stopping the climate policy churn
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We need mutually-agreed strategies enshrined in law in a new, comprehensive Climate Change Act.
_________________
Climate Tasmania is developing detailed proposals for such an Act and is engaging with Members of both Houses of the Tasmanian Parliament
The remainder of this presentation is about our proposals
Stopping the climate policy churn
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4
Minimising economic disruption
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Disrupted economy Disrupted climate
Or both?
• Burning coal, oil and gas is the greatest threat to a stable climate
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Disrupted economy Disrupted climate
Or both?
• Burning coal, oil and gas is the greatest threat to a stable climate
• But coal, oil, and gas are seen as a bedrock of better standard of living everywhere
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Disrupted economy Disrupted climate
Or both?
• Burning coal, oil and gas is the greatest threat to a stable climate
• But coal, oil, and gas are seen as a bedrock of better standard of living everywhere
• We resist limiting fossil fuel use because we want a stable economy
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Disrupted economy Disrupted climate
Or both?
• Burning coal, oil and gas is the greatest threat to a stable climate
• But coal, oil, and gas are seen as a bedrock of better standard of living everywhere
• We resist limiting fossil fuel use because we want a stable economy
• But not doing so risks destabilising both climate and economy
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Investments under risk from changing climate include equipment powered by oil and gas:
– cars, motorbikes, trucks, boats, ships, planes – mowers, tractors, saws, excavators, bulldozers – boilers, heaters, furnaces
Stranded assets
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Investments under risk from changing climate include equipment powered by oil and gas:
– motorbikes, cars, trucks, boats, ships, planes – mowers, tractors, saws, excavators, bulldozers – boilers, heaters, furnaces
As we buy these items today
– do we expect to use them for their full life? – do we think about future fossil fuel restrictions
Stranded assets
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Can disruption be avoided?
Avoided completely? NO
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Can disruption be avoided?
Avoided completely? NO
Minimised while protecting the most vulnerable?
YES
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Can disruption be avoided?
Avoided completely? NO
Minimised while protecting the most vulnerable?
This is often called a “Just Transition”
YES
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Should we actnow to reducefossil fuel use?
T I M E
Source: Oil Change International
How much disruption?
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Should we actnow to reducefossil fuel use?
T I M E
Source: Oil Change International
YES Managedtransition
How much disruption?
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Should we actnow to reducefossil fuel use?
T I M E
Source: Oil Change International
YES Managedtransition
Eventually reducefossil fuel use?
NO
How much disruption?
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Should we actnow to reducefossil fuel use?
T I M E
Source: Oil Change International
YES Managedtransition
Eventually reducefossil fuel use?
NO
YES Economicchaos
How much disruption?
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Should we actnow to reducefossil fuel use?
T I M E
Source: Oil Change International
YES Managedtransition
Eventually reducefossil fuel use?
NO
YES Economicchaos
NO Climatechaos
How much disruption?
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5
Reducing greenhouse gas
emissions
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• Emissions cover... – fossil fuel burning
Which emissions?
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• Emissions cover... – fossil fuel burning – methane (notably from agriculture & landfill)
Which emissions?
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• Emissions cover... – fossil fuel burning – methane (notably from agriculture & landfill) – other agricultural emissions
Which emissions?
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• Emissions cover... – fossil fuel burning – methane (notably from agriculture & landfill) – other agricultural emissions – land use change
Which emissions?
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• Emissions cover... – fossil fuel burning – methane (notably from agriculture & landfill) – other agricultural emissions – land use change
• The first two should be regulated ASAP
Which emissions?
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• Emissions cover... – fossil fuel burning – methane (notably from agriculture & landfill) – other agricultural emissions – land use change
• The first two should be regulated ASAP
• Reducing fossil fuel use requires a Just Transition
Which emissions?
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• Focus on quantities of fuel used, not emissions
Principles for reducing fossil fuel use
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• Focus on quantities of fuel used, not emissions
• Start with the largest users and government (state & local)
Principles for reducing fossil fuel use
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• Focus on quantities of fuel used, not emissions
• Start with the largest users and government (state & local)
• Ensure transparent process (mandatory public reporting of large scale usage)
Principles for reducing fossil fuel use
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• Focus on quantities of fuel used, not emissions
• Start with the largest users and government (state & local)
• Ensure transparent process (mandatory public reporting of large scale usage)
• Highest users to prepare Energy Transition Plans
Principles for reducing fossil fuel use
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• Focus on quantities of fuel used, not emissions
• Start with the largest users and government (state & local)
• Ensure transparent process (mandatory public reporting of large scale usage)
• Highest users to prepare Energy Transition Plans
• New Energy Transition Authority to regulate and co-ordinate
Principles for reducing fossil fuel use
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New independent statutory authority to:
– regulate public reporting of fossil fuel use– approve mandatory Energy Transition Plans and assist with voluntary ETPs– ensure equity in the transition– identify business opportunities during transition– identify, reduce adverse impacts of transition
• ETA to be disbanded on completion of transition
Energy Transition Authority (ETA)
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Largest users to be dealt with first
• Government can show leadership while developing second-hand EV market
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Largest users to be dealt with first
• Government can show leadership while developing second-hand EV market
• Larger organisations more able to find and fund alternatives
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Largest users to be dealt with first
• Government can show leadership while developing second-hand EV market
• Larger organisations more able to find and fund alternatives
• Smallest users don’t have to be involved
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Mandatory Energy Transition Plans
– Largest fossil fuel users submit draft plans to the Energy Transition Authority
– Plans to be public
– Plans to be revised every few years
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Voluntary Energy Transition Plans
– Open to organisations and groups
– Authority provides advice, some funding
– Plans to be public
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• Tasmanian EPA to be given power and resources to control non-livestock methane emissions
• Control to be based on measurements, requiring continuous improvement
Controlling methane emissions
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The transition to a cleaner economy must ensure that nobody is left behind
A Just Transition requires:
• Managed change – people not left to the mercy of ‘the market’
• New jobs/skills in new industries such as biodiesel manufacture, conversions to EVs
• Energy resilience through fuel self-sufficiency and less economic leakage from oil and gas imports
• Cleaner, quieter, healthier urban environment
The Just Transition
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6
Preparing for
climate disruption
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Climate Impacts
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Projections for Tasmania
• Higher temperatures
Source: Climate Futures for Tasmania ACE CRC
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Projections for Tasmania
• Higher temperatures
• Reduced summer rainfall
Source: Climate Futures for Tasmania ACE CRC
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Projections for Tasmania
• Higher temperatures
• Reduced summer rainfall
• Fewer frosts
Source: Climate Futures for Tasmania ACE CRC
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Projections for Tasmania
• Higher temperatures
• Reduced summer rainfall
• Fewer frosts
• More heatwaves
Source: Climate Futures for Tasmania ACE CRC
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Projections for Tasmania
• Higher temperatures
• Reduced summer rainfall
• Fewer frosts
• More heatwaves
• More extreme weather
Source: Climate Futures for Tasmania ACE CRC
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Climate impacts... are already happening
www.abc.net.auBushfires
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Climate impacts... are already happening
BushfiresHealth consequences
www.abc.net.au
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Climate impacts... are already happening
www.abc.net.auBushfires
Health consequenceswww.abc.net.au
Coastal floodingHobart Mercury
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Climate impacts... are already happening
www.abc.net.auBushfires
Health consequenceswww.abc.net.au
Coastal floodingHobart Mercury
Storm Flooding Hobart 2018
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Climate impacts... are already happening
www.abc.net.auBushfires
Health consequenceswww.abc.net.au
Coastal floodingHobart Mercury
Tas Energy Crisis 2016
Storm Flooding Hobart 2018
www.abc.net.au
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Climate impacts... are already happening
www.abc.net.auBushfires
Health consequenceswww.abc.net.au
Coastal floodingHobart Mercury
Tas Energy Crisis 2016
Storm Flooding Hobart 2018
www.abc.net.au
Marine heat wave 2016 University of Tasmania
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www.abc.net.auBushfires
Health consequenceswww.abc.net.au
Coastal floodingHobart Mercury
Tas Energy Crisis 2016
Storm Flooding Hobart 2018
www.abc.net.au
Marine heat wave 2016 University of Tasmania
• We will experience events that have never happened before
Climate impacts... are already happening
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www.abc.net.auBushfires
Health consequenceswww.abc.net.au
Coastal floodingHobart Mercury
Tas Energy Crisis 2016
Storm Flooding Hobart 2018
www.abc.net.au
Marine heat wave 2016 University of Tasmania
• We will experience events that have never happened before
• Events that have only occurred occasionally will occur much more often
Climate impacts... are already happening
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Non−Local Climate Impacts
• Food supply
• Energy supply
• Other imports
• Export markets
• Increased demand for aid and disaster relief
• Climate−related warfare
• ‘Climate refugees’
• Disease
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Specific Acts requiring amendment• Land Use Planning and Approvals Act 1993
• Environmental Management and Pollution Control Act 1994
• State Policies and Projects Act 1993
• Water Management Act 1999
• Marine Farm Planning Act and Living Marine Resources Management Act 1995
• Threatened Species Protection Act 1995
• Forest Practices Act 1995 and Forestry (Rebuilding the Forest Industry) Act 2014
• Fire Services Act 1979
• Nature Conservation Act 2002 / National Parks and Reserves Management Act 2002
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1. Mandate the necessary level of urgency
The Climate Act should...
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1. Mandate the necessary level of urgency
2. Comprehensively deal with all major elements to: – phase out fossil-fuel emissions – control all methane emissions – build a strong and flexible adaptation system – minimise economic disruption – improve community knowledge and participation – increase community resilience – develop soils and forests to store more carbon
The Climate Act should...
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1. Mandate the necessary level of urgency
2. Comprehensively deal with all major elements to: – phase out fossil-fuel emissions – control all methane emissions – build a strong and flexible adaptation system – minimise economic disruption – improve community knowledge and participation – increase community resilience – develop soils and forests to store more carbon
3. Incorporate statutory obligations
The Climate Act should
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1. Mandate the necessary level of urgency
2. Comprehensively deal with all major elements to: – phase out fossil-fuel emissions – control all methane emissions – build a strong and flexible adaptation system – minimise economic disruption – improve community knowledge and participation – increase community resilience – develop soils and forests to store more carbon
3. Incorporate statutory obligations
4. Deliver intergenerational justice
The Climate Act should
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Further Reading (recent)
A global view of our climate future
• David Wallace-Wells ‘The Uninhabitable Earth’
An Australian view of our climate future
• Robert Glasser ‘Preparing for the Era of Disasters’ Australian Strategic Policy Institute < https://www.aspi.org.au/report/preparing-era-disasters >
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Thank youClimate Tasmania
PO Box 3199 West Hobart Tasmania [email protected]
www.climatetasmania.org0427 355 951