capability of measurement processes - vda...

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Quality Management in the Automotive Industry

Capability of Measurement Processes Capability of Measuring Systems Capability of Measurement Processes Expanded Measurement Uncertainty Conformity Assessment

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nd completely revised edition 2010, updated July 2011

Verband der AutomobilindustrieVerband der Automobilindustrie

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Figures

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non-conformancezone

non-conformancezone

incre

asin

g

measure

ment uncert

ain

ty

UM

P

work piece tolerance

within the tolerance

L

outside the tolerance

outside the tolerance

specification phase (construction)

verification phase(production)

U

conformance zone

uncertainty uncertainty range range

Figure 1: Uncertainty ranges and conformance or non-conformance zones

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Measurement Result

EnvironmentEvaluation

MethodMan

GageMeasurement Procedure

Qualification

Accessibility

Sensibility

Measuring range

Time/cost

Stability

Resolution

Surface

Shape

Material

Physical const itution

Psychical constitution

Statisticalmethod

Computerapplicat ion

Measurementvalue composition

Mathemat.models

Pressure

Temperature

Humidity

Soiling

Care

Calibration/justification

random measurement deviat ions

not recorded bias

Sett ing uncertainty

Discipline

MotivationVoltageElectricity

Vibrations

Object

Measuringpoints total

Measuring points layout

tactile touch

contact-free

Master

Surfacetexture

Type of master

Shape/Position

Measurement stabilityCapacity

Mounting Fixture

Location

Stability

Position

Shape

Illuminat ion

Figure 5: Important influences on the uncertainty of measurement results

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Chapter 4.7 - Figure 7 - 1

Figure 7: Flow chart for assessing the capability of measurement processes

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Figure 9: Display of the real C-value as a function of the observed C-value subject to QMP

0,00

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00

1,20

1,40

1,60

1,80

2,00

2,20

1,72

2,40

2,60

2,80

3,00

3,20

3,40

3,60

3,80

4,00

real C

valu

e

1,33

0,50 0,60 0,70 0,80 0,90 1,00 1,10 1,20 1,30 1,40 1,50 1,60 1,70 1,80 1,90 2,00

observed C value

QMP 50% 40% 30%

20%

10%

1,67

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Chapter 5.2 - Figure 10 - Page 51

1, 2, or 3 reference standards,

repeat measurements

%RE 5%TOL

Measurement System Capability

yes

minimum 3 reference standards,

repeat measurements

Use measurement system with a

sufficiently high resolution

yes

{ }maxEVR giu s=from ANOVA:

uEVR (pure error deviation)

max3

iBi

Biu

=

MS MSU k u= ⋅2

100%MSMS

UQ

TOL

⋅

= ⋅

QMS QMS_maxMeasurement system

capable

Measurement system

not capable

noyes

from ANOVA:

uLin (lack-of-fit deviation)

MPE known

and accepted?

Prepare trial

Linearity uLINknown?

no

no

yes

no

max2

CAL

CALi

Uu

=

max

2

CAL

CALi

Uu

=

Prepare trial document MPE

-

_ max

2100%MS

MIN UMS

MS

UTOL

Q

⋅

= ⋅

uMS see table 12

Figure 10: Measuring system capability analysis

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Chapter 5.2.2.2 - Figure 15 - Page 62

Figure 15: Diagram of an analysis of variance

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Chapter 5.2.2.2 - Figure 16 - Page 63

Figure 16: a.) Value chart of the residuals b.) Residuals plotted on a probability plot c.) Residuals plotted on fitted values

a.)

b.) c.)

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Chapter 5.3 - Figure 19 - Page 66

Measurement Process Capability

Measurement

system capable?

Determination of uncertainty components

not considered in the experiment

Method B: i.e. uOBJ, uT

no

yes

QMP QMP_max

Determination of uncertainty components

considered in the experiment

Method A: uEVO, uAV, uGV, uIAi from ANOVA

uSTAB (possibly uOBJ)

{ }2 2

2 2 2 2 2 2

2 2

2

2 2 2,max ,MP EVO

AV GV STAB T OBJ IAi RES

CAL EVR RE BI N

T

LIu u u uu u

u u u u

u

u u u

=

+ + + + + + +

+ + +

∑

MP MPU k u= ⋅ MPMP

UQ

TOL

2100%

⋅= ⋅

Measurement process not

capable

no

Measurement process capable

yes

Measurement system not

capable

-

_ max

2100%MP

MIN UMP

MP

UTOL

Q

⋅

= ⋅

Figure 19: Measurement process capability analysis

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- Fig

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Figure 23: Value chart plotting all reference values and the calculated uncertainty range

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Annex B - Figure 24 - Page 98

Figure 24: Determining the standard uncertainty from temperature uT

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Annex E - Figure - Page 108

ideal y = x

real

measured value0

b

display

0

b

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ideal y = x

real

measured value

display

2. reinforcement

0

1. set zero point

set gradient

0

15


measured value0 L U

ideal y = x

real

display

0

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Annex F.1 - Figure - Page 111

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18


19


20


21

A

nn

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23


24


25


26


27


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A

nn

ex F

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No. ofrepetitions

Operator A

Operator B

Result

Result

Result

Result

mixed

Result Result

mixed

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A

nn

ex F

.8 - F

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50

No. ofrepetitions

Operator A

Operator B

Result

Result

Result

Result

mixed

Result Result

mixed

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Unsorted test results

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Sorted test results

32

A

nn

ex F

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