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ENGINEERING MATERIAL

(BHM1113)

SUITABLE MATERIAL FOR CAR

BUMPER

GROUP A

WAN NURUL FARAH LIYANA RAZALI (HA10013)

AYUNI MOHAMMAD BORHAN (HA10020)

SYUHADA SYAMIRA HASSAN (HA10017)

CHEW YEN YING (HA10022)

LECTURERS NAME

PROF. IR. DR. MD YUSOF ISMAIL

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Design of Car Bumper

Front and Rear Car Bumper

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Overview about Car Bumper

What are car bumper?

A bumper is a shield made of steel, aluminum, rubber, or plastic that is mounted on the front

and rear of a passenger car. When a low speed collision occurs, the bumper system absorbs the

shock to prevent or reduce damage to the car. Some bumpers use energy absorbers or brackets

and others are made with a foam cushioning material.

What is the purpose of bumpers?

The car bumper is designed to prevent or reduce physical damage to the front and rear ends of

passenger motor vehicles in low-speed collisions. Bumpers are designed to protect the hood,

trunk, grille, fuel, exhaust and cooling system as well as safety related equipment such as

parking lights, headlamps and taillights in low speed collisions.

What is the prominent characteristic in a car bumper?

Mainly, toughness and ductility are taking into account when designing car bumper. Toughness

and ductility of material used must also capable to absorb small or high impact and ensure

safeness of car users. Toughness is the resistance to fracture of a material when stressed.

Ductility is the extent in which solid materials can be plastically deformed without fracture.

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Propose Material for making car bumper

Generally, car bumpers are made of a plastic cover reinforced by a bar made of steel, fiberglass

composite, plastic or aluminum.

Therefore, our group is thinking of using other form of plastics. The plastic material that we

used is polypropylene plastic or known as pp plastic. Polypropylene (PP), also known as

polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer, made by the chemical industry and used in a wide

variety of applications such as in automotive component.

Structure of polypropylene

Advantages of using PP plastics

PP plastics use as plastic honeycomb to cushion the car during an accident. Duringlow-speed impact, they hit each other squarely and evenly. Therefore, impact is

distributed equally so that the time lengthens before it reach crumple zone.

Polypropylene is light and easily moulded. The somewhat brittle nature of

polypropylene plastic is actually an advantage. In the event of a low velocity

crash, the breaking of the plastic will actually absorb some of the energy, which

will help to avoid damaging the fender, hood and exhaust. Polypropylene is

strength, stiff and can withstand high temperature. Polypropylene is also one of

the lightest plastic available with a density of 0.905 g/cm. Polypropylene plastics

are one of the cheapest plastics available at markets value.