carbon footprint and the new facilities vocabulary peter o’konski pe, pmp, leed ap director,...
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Carbon Footprint and the New Facilities Vocabulary
Peter O’Konski PE, PMP, LEED AP
Director, Facility PolicyOffice of ManagementDepartment of Energy
June 2, 2009 1
Agenda
1. Secretary’s comments and the global
warming challenge
2. What constitutes a green house gas
3. Introduction to carbon footprint calculation
4. Impact on facilities management & real
estate
5. Conclusions
June 2, 2009 2
1. Secretary’s comments and the global warming challenge
June 2, 2009 3
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
NY TimesJune 2, 2009 4
The Secretary on Global Warming
“We're in the great ship Titanic, the Earth is, and it's going to take a half century to really turn the ship. But that doesn't mean we can't start doing it today, and we must…”
Secretary ChuNewsweek 4/11/09
June 2, 2009 5
Continued…
“…I urge everyone to do this: Google the IPCC report. The 100-year trend is unmistakable…”
Secretary ChuNewsweek 4/11/09
June 2, 2009 6
SPM 1a
Variations of the Earth’s surface temperature for the past 140 years
June 2, 2009 7
SPM 1b
Variations of the Earth’s surface temperature for the past 1,000 years
June 2, 2009 8
Projections – This Century
“Could Adapt”
“Tipping Points”
“No Adaption Strategy”
June 2, 2009 9
Main climate impacts
• Sea levels rise
• Higher temperatures - especially
on land
• Hydrological cycle more intense
• Changes at regional level
June 2, 2009 10
2. What constitutes a green house gas (GHG)
June 2, 2009 11
SPM 3
June 2, 2009 12
Green House Gases (Counted in a Carbon Footprint)
• Carbon dioxide, CO2
• Methane, CH4
• Nitrous Oxide, N2O• Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Chlorofuorocarbons
(CFCs) (covers 13 chemicals)• Perfluorocarbons, PFCs (covers 7 chemicals)• Sulfur Hexafluoride, SF6
ANSI/ISO/NSF 14064-1 Greenhouse Gases- Part 1: Specification with Guidance at the Organizational Level for Quantification and Reporting of GHG Emissions and Removals
Not all GHGs contain carbon
June 2, 2009 13
Not All GHGs are Equal
Greenhouse GasGlobal Warming
Potential
Carbon Dioxide, CO2 1.0
Methane, CH4 21
Nitrous oxide, N2O 310
HFC 134a 1,300
Sulfur hexafluoride 23,900
All GHGs Converted to a CO 2 EquivalentJune 2, 2009 14
Example: GHG CalculationExample Calculation- Converting to CO2-e
GHGEmissions
(Metric Tons)
Global Warming Potential
Metric Tons CO2-e
Carbon Dioxide
10,000 1 10,000
Methane 500 21 10,500
HFC 134a 1.0 1300 1300
Sulfur hexafluoride
0.06 23,900 1434
Totals 23,234June 2, 2009 15
Combustion Emission Factors
Process/FuelEmission Factor
Emission Factor Units
Coal Combustion
Anthracite 102.58 kg CO2/MMBtu
Bituminous 92.53 kg CO2/MMBtu
Sub-bituminous 96.12 kg CO2/MMBtu
Lignite 95.47 kg CO2/MMBtu
Natural Gas 119.90 lbs CO2/1000 cf
52.80 metric tons CO2/Billion
Btu
Aviation Gasoline 18.15 lb CO2 /gallon
Diesel (No. 1 and No. 2) 22.15 lb CO2 /gallon
Gasoline 19.36 lb CO2 /gallon
Jet Fuel (Kerosene) 20.88 lb CO2 /gallon
Fuel Oil (No. 5 and 6) 25.75 lb CO2 /gallon
Propane 12.60 lb CO2 /gallon
June 2, 2009 16
3. What is a “Carbon Footprint” calculation?
Carbon Footprint has three aliases: “Carbon Inventory”
“Green House Gas Inventory” “Climate Change Footprint”
June 2, 2009 17
Carbon Footprint – 3 Scopes
June 2, 2009 18
Remember: there are three levels (scopes) to a green house gas/carbon footprint calculation.
Scope 1: Direct Emissions
• Relatively easy:– Combustion Sources– Site owned vehicles– On site electrical
generation– CFC and HFC losses from
refrigeration equipment– Sulfur hexafluoride losses
from electrical equipment
June 2, 2009 19
Scope 2: Indirect Emissions – Purchased Energy
• Relatively easy: • Emissions from
consumption of purchased utilities:– Typically electricity– Could be steam or high
temperature hot water– Could be negative (ex:
electricity from landfill gas)
June 2, 2009 20
Scope 3: Other Indirect Emissions
• Can be very difficult:– Transportation of purchased material or goods– Employee business travel– Employee commuting impacts– Outsourced work– Emissions from finished products– Transportation of waste– Vegetation & Trees
• Scope 3 has various challenges– Boundary issues– Can be a magnitude higher than Scope 1 and 2– Costly value chain analysis
June 2, 2009 21
Carbon Footprint – 3 Scopes
June 2, 2009 22
Carbon footprint calculations must include at least Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions.
Two Additional Terms of Art:1. Carbon neutral
• The “word of the year” in the new Oxford Dictionary– Adj.: “emitting no net carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere”
• Dictionary.com– Adj: “emitting no carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere. Also, employing a technique to absorb carbon dioxide so it is not emitted.”
June 2, 2009 23
2. Cap and Trade
• A regulatory process:– Cap - limits emissions from a designated group,
such as power plants, to a certain level– Capped emissions are divided up into individual
permits– Trade - businesses buy and sell emission credits
within the overall cap
June 2, 2009 24
4. Impact on Facilities Management and Real Estate
June 2, 2009 25
Facilities and Real Estate
• Recognize that fundamental change is happening– GHG, carbon neutrality, energy conservation are
all part of a new facilities vocabulary
– GHG and carbon management need to be part of the facilities value-chain decision making
• Construction and Major Renovation
• Operations and Maintenance and Repair
• Disposition
June 2, 2009 26June 2, 2009
The most carbon neutral building is the building you don’t have.
Facilities and Real Estate•Potential new E.O. for carbon management
– Measure, manage, reduce
– Probably based on a scope 1 and 2 analysis
•I expect each site will be required to know their carbon footprint
– 70% of which can be a direct result of the building and OSF inventory
• A phase I&2 carbon footprint at the building level draws heavily from “operating cost” and “sustainability”
•Can FIMS capture carbon footprint at the real property asset level?
June 2, 2009 27
5. Conclusions
June 2, 2009 28
• Get familiar with your facilities “carbon footprint”
• Think carbon footprint reduction as a matter of good business
• Think about where the source data lies for a phase 1&2 calculation
• Help to forward lean – we need to be a leader not a follower
June 2, 2009 29
Conclusions
Thank you
Peter O’Konski PE, PMP, LEED AP
Director, Facility PolicyOffice of ManagementDepartment of [email protected]
June 2, 2009 30
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