cardiomyopathy final

8/8/2019 Cardiomyopathy Final

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CADRIOMYOPATHY

Presented by

Whitney Jack

November 20th, 2010


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What is Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy is a general term used todescribe a diverse group of diseases of theheart muscle.

For most people with Cardiomyopathy, their

hearts don't function normally because theheart has become either enlarged,abnormally thick, or abnormally rigid.

As Cardiomyopathy worsens, the heartbecomes weaker. It's less able to pumpblood through the body and maintain a

normal electrical rhythm. This can leadto heart failure causing fluid to build up inthe lungs, ankles, feet, legs, or abdomen.


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Why I chose this topic

I have an interest in the diseasecardiomyopathy

My grandpa, has been strugglingwith heart disease for the past

twenty year. Through his heartdisease struggle he hasdeveloped the diseasecardiomyopathy.

To further my knowledge in thedisease

Have a better understanding ofcardiomyopathy-Advocate


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Risk Factors for Cardiomyopathy

Coronary artery disease Exposure to toxic agents such

as cocaine, methamphetamines,

and heroin

Heart valve defects

Myocarditis (inflammation ofthe walls of the heart)

Sleep apnea

Sustained, untreated high

blood pressure

Sustained heavy alcoholconsumption

Hemochromatosis, in which iron

is deposited in the cells of the

heart muscle.

Radiation to the chest and

some chemotherapy drugs, such

as anthracycline


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Signs andSymptoms

As cardiomyopathy worsens andthe heart weakens, signs and

symptoms of heart failure usually

occur. These signs and symptoms

include:

Shortness of breath or trouble

breathing.

Fatigue (tiredness).

Swelling in the ankles, feet, legs, and

abdomen. Rarely, swelling may occur in

the veins of your neck.

dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting

during physical activity chest pain, dysrhythmias and heart

murmurs (an extra or unusual sound

heard during a heartbeat).


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Diagnostic Testing

Chest X Ray This test can showwhether your heart is enlarged.

Echocardiography a test that uses

sound waves to create a moving

picture of your heart. The picture

shows how well your heart is

working and its size and shape.

Cardiac Catheterization a

procedure checks the pressure and

blood flow in your heart's

chambers. The procedure also

allows your doctor to collect bloodsamples and look at your heart's

arteries using x-ray imaging. This

allows your doctor to study the

inside of your arteries to look for

blockages.

EKG (Electrocardiogram) a

simple test that records the

heart's electrical activity.

T

his test shows how fast yourheart is beating and

whether the rhythm of your

heartbeat is steady or

irregular. EKG results can

suggest disorders such as

heart failure.


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Statistics andPopulations with

Cardiomyopathy

87 percent of cases are dilated

cardiomyopathy.

50 percent of patients with dilated

cardiomyopathy are alive 5 years

after their initial diagnosis

25 percent are alive 10 years after

the diagnosis. (2)

Mortality from cardiomyopathy is

highest in older persons, men and

blacks.

Studies show that 36 percent of

young athletes who die suddenlyhave definite hypertrophic

cardiomyopathy.

26,8

00 people die in the USeach year from some sort of

cardiomyopathy.


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DilatedCardiomyopathy

Most common type of

cardiomyopathy

The heart muscle becomes dilated

and leads to enlargement of the

muscle but doesnt mean these

larger muscles are stronger.

Excessive alcohol use is the main

cause for this type of

cardiomyopathy

Top heart condition during

complication in pregnancy


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Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

VERY rare in the U.S. but can

be a common heart condition in

underdeveloped and third

world countries.

The walls of the ventriclesbecome stiffened and are then

unable to act as a pump to

provide oxygenated blood to

the body.

Doesnt appear to be inherited

but seen as being idiopathic

(unknown cause).


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ICDs andPacemakers

A pacemaker is a medical devicewhich uses electrical impulses,

delivered by electrodes contacting the

heart muscles, to regulate the beating

of the heart.

The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is the most reliable

and effective treatment for

cardiomyopathy patients at high-risk.

It has the potential to alter the

disease course by automaticallysensing and terminating lethal

disturbances of heart rhythm,often in

young people with little or no

symptoms.


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Medications and Lifestyle Changes

Quitting smoking

Losing excess weight

Avoiding the use of alcohol

and illegal drugs

Reducing stress

Not engage in vigorousexercising

Make sure you go to all of

your medical checkups.

Follow your treatments for

any underlying conditions,such as diabetes and high

blood pressure

Medicines can help manage

symptoms and improve heart action.Diuretics reduce excess fluid in

the body.

Vasodilators relax blood vessels

and help to lower blood pressure.

Digoxin helps to improve the

heart's pumping action.

Beta Blockers help to keep a

regular heartbeat and lessen the

work of the heart muscle.


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Nurses Role in Helping Patients with

Cardiomyopathy

Emotional support, frequent teaching,

providing educational printouts or brochures

Counseling to assist in patient and family

coping.

Ensuring that Medic-Alert bracelets are

available for patients with cardiomyopathy

to prevent confusion in an emergency

situation.

Close supervision of electrolyte and hydration

status must be a priority because these

patients are on medications that alterelectrolyte levels and fluid status.

These patients are generally restricted fromplaying competitive sports, the rationaleshould be explained thoroughly because ofthe stress on the heart; other types of

exercises should be addressed.


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Any Questions???


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References & Sources About Cardiomyopathy - US News Health. (2008, December 31).Health News Articles - US News Health.

Retrieved October 30, 2010, from http://health.usnews.com/health-conditions/heart-health/cardiomyopathy American Heart Association.Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2005 Update. Dallas, Texas.: American

Heart Association; 2005.

Cardiomyopathy management and lifestyle. (n.d.).National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Retrieved

November 20, 2010, from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/cm/cm_living.html

Dilated Cardiomyopathy - Texas Heart Institute Heart Information Center. (1996-2010). Texas Heart

Institute. Retrieved October 30, 2010, from http://www.texasheart.org/hic/topics/cond/dilated.cfm

Maron, B., Francis, J., & Ghosh, J. (2005). Role of Implantable Cardioverter Devices in the Treatment ofHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients.Journal of Indian Pacing Electrophysiology, 5(2), 72-75. Retrieved

November 20, 2010, from Pub Med.

Maron, B. J. (2002). Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy -- Maron 106 (19): 2419 -- Circulation.Homepage

Spotlight File. Retrieved October 30, 2010, from http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/106/19/2419

NHLBI, Cardiomyopathy: NHLBI - WrongDiagnosis.com. (1997, July). Wrong Diagnosis. Retrieved

October 27, 2010, from http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/artic/nhlbi_cardiomyopathy_nhlbi.htm

O'Rourke, R. (1999). Cardiac Pacing: An Alternative Treatment for Selected Patients with Cardiomyopathy.

Circulation, (100), 786-788.

Stromberg, A. (n.d.). The crucial role of patient education in heart failure Eur J Heart Fail.European

Journal of Heart Failure, 7(3), 363-369. Retrieved October 26, 2010, from

http://eurjhf.oxfordjournals.org/content/7/3/363.full

Willingham Muzzy Pediatric Molecular Cardiology Laboratory - RCM. (n.d.).Baylor College of Medicine -

Houston, Texas. Retrieved November 20, 2010, from

http://www.bcm.edu/pediatrics/index.cfm?Realm=99992426&This_Template=RCM

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