The future of native breeds

case Finnhorse

31. August 2013

Ypäjä, Finland

Terttu Peltonen

Raino 1994 jl

Finnhorses 26 %

Wb trotters 35 %

Riding horses 25 %

Ponies 14 %

Number of horses 74100, year 2012

25 450

19 700

18 800

10 150

3.9.2013

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000 1970

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

Foals born in Finland

Finnhorse Trotting horse Riding horse Pony

0 500

1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

19

80

19

82

19

84

19

86

19

88

19

90

19

92

19

94

19

96

19

98

20

00

20

02

20

04

20

06

20

08

20

10

20

12

Imported horses

Trotters Riding horses Ponies

1994 Economic depression 1995 EU support for 5 years (7 million € at the first year) 2000 EU support for native breed was away during 2 years 2005 Increase of prize money in trotting races (tax reform) 2010 Economic downturn

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000 1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012 e

nn.

National horse breeding support and number of foals born

Varsoja

1000 e

Foals

1000 €

(EU-subsidies)

Use of horses in Finland

• Trotting: 500 race days/year

• 7600 starters (2200 Fh)

• 770 000 spectators in trotting events

• Breeders: 5000

• Trainers 5000, professional 170

• Riding: 170.000 riders

• 500 riding schools

• 150 national riding events/year

• Managing

• Farm tourism

• Horse owners 40.000

• Horse husbandry 700 million euros/year

3.9.2013 7

Trotting records 1929 Murto 1.29,4 1959 Ero-Lohko 1.24,8 1979 Vieteri 1.21,6a 2002 Viesker 1.19,9a

Murto

Ero-Lohko

Vieteri

Viesker 2011 ep

0,0

5,0

10,0

15,0

20,0

25,0 1990

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Prize money 1990, 1995-2012, million euro

Finnhorse Fi-wb Import + tempor.

6,1

2,4 + 1,5 temp.

10,5 Fi + 2,1 abroad

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

1990

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Star

ts

Number of starts

Fh

Wb

30 %

40 %

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000 1985

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

2009

2011

Age classes of Finnhorse, born 1985 - 2012

Age class

Trotters

0,0

10,0

20,0

30,0

40,0

50,0

60,0

70,0

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

%

Year of birth

% of age class taking part in events

riding

trotting

Breeding branches

• The stud-book of the Finnhorse includes four breeding branches:

• TROTTER

minimum requirements for race results

• WORKHORSE

draught and driving tests

• RIDING HORSE

dressage, showjumping and gait tests

• SMALL HORSE

drivability/rideability test

In addition: measures, conformation, movements, temperament, health and endurance, x-rayed legs.

3.9.2013 14

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR BREEDING STALLIONS Trotter: 4y. 5y. Older 1.33,0 - 1.31,0 - 1.28,0 3500 € - 7000 € - 14000 € and 170 € /start Riding horse: dressage 50% or placing in competitions: dressage easy B 100 - 110 cm Workhorse: Pulling test 5 stairs or drivability test walk max 10 min/km trot max 2.30 min/km Small horse: drivability or ridingability test height max 148 cm

Types

Pulling test at least 5 stairs

Walk max 10 min/km Trot max 2.30 min/km

Tests for workhorse

Breeding program THE BREEDING GOAL is to improve the hereditary quality of horses - more productive horses - the demand of horses increases - the professional horse husbandry becomes stronger - The breeding selection: on the basis of the performances of horses and health - Minimum requirements for stallions, award-limits for broodmares - The breeders together has to decide the strength of selection level - Possibilities to use of horses - Awards and subsidies for breeders - Information

3.9.2013 mt

SIRE LINES, number of offspring 16.8.2013 MURTO s. 1917 ULJAANPOIKA s. 1914 LOHDUTUS s. 1929 KIRPPU s. 1879 | | \ VIHU MURTI ERI-AARONI POJAN-ASKELE LOHKO HILPURI | AMOR TAJU VAISTO ERO-LOHKO LEPORELLO AROMUS ARO-VETO PILVEN POIKA 161 TAJURI PISTE ERO-PONSI 413 IHME APELI 83 ERI-JOUNI Ponseri 275 ERI-HOVI LUONTO PISTERI IHMETYS ERI-POIKA ONNIPOIKA 83 ERI-PULI LUONNOKAS VILPERI ERO-RALLI 251 IHME-TOTI TOLI ERI-REIPAS PELLERVO 88 Rallaus 245 VAHTO 70 LUONNOS 578 TOSI-PINKO 108 PONNE ERI-OTE ERI-ULJAS ERI-VILI Luomus Jr 122 TOTTI 202 Tinuri 53 Poika-Luonnos 174 VIETERI 773 NYSTERI 43 TOTILO140 TOTO 314 FORTE VESSELI ERILO VIHI VARJO-LUONNOS 54 Hilpertti 114 Hilto 191 VILTTER 474 VOKKER 935 VEKKULI PUHEMIES 343 HILU 460 Vinkaus 504 Viltterin Vile 85 Viesker RUUTU-POIKA 186 1256 VEKKU-LENTO El Vihuri 71 KIHIN-MUISTO 572 V.T. AJATUS 651 VIHI-TOTTI 76 Tristan 41 Kihin Hiski 262 VOKKERILLA 271 Saran Salama 317 PATRIK 431 Apassi 365 SUIKKU 1240 Liising 621 Jänkä-Jussi 160 TEME 255 Auraus 180 TURO 1248 HILURI 504 VIRHAKKA 74 SUIKUN ERO 403 KELMI 103 Pysteri 383 Poika-Siro 373 A.T. Eko 234 Joihuri 360 MIKKER 388 Cameron 225 KIRMORI 211 Tino 171 HOVI-ARI 483 SAMULI 48 SIPORI 277 PÖLYKE 63 HERMELI 99 (SIRE, DAM’S SIRE)

3.9.2013

0,0

2,0

4,0

6,0

8,0

10,0

12,0

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Year of birth

Inbreeding coefficients in Finnhorse 1980 - 2004

Relationship %

Inbreeding %

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

0-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-7,5 7,5-

10

>10

Inbreeding class of the expected foal

Ob

se

rva

tio

ns

-7-6-5-4-3-2-101234

%-u

nit

s, d

iffe

ren

ce

fro

m t

he

cla

ss

of

co

mp

ari

so

n

FH,

observations

FH, estimate

Numbers of observations in different inbreeding classes of the expected foal, and the estimated effects of inbreeding on foaling rate in Finnhorses (FH) (J. Sairanen et.al. 2011).

To promote the horse breeding

1. The level of prize money Classical races 2. Good quality of horses The clear aim of breeding – breeding program 3. The supports Breeders prize 10 % Awards and subsidies to broodmares and foals Registration support 4. The desire of import is: stallions and broodmares with good performances and pedigree - to improve breeding in Finland

To promote breeding in Finland Good level of prize money in trotting races Breeders events Royal Finnhorse events Breeding support (2,2 million €/year from the betting) Breeder prize 10 % Stud book prizes Show prizes Prize for young broodmares Subvention of registration Special prizes for riding and workhorses High quality in horses The shared breeding goal Restrictions on import Until the year 1994 Positive communication Good horsemanship

Finnhorse = Unique Special Point

Nötö Kasper 20009 ep

Thank you!