Presentation on Case Study

Studies on Canal Water Supply, Total Water Availability, Water Demand and Water Utilization Pattern in Khetawali Distributory of Indira Gandhi Nahar

Pariyojana

Presented By

Anita YadavDepartment of Geography,

Government Boys College, Sriganganagar – 335 001

IGNP-An Introduction

One of the world’s biggest canal system. Covers 7 Districts of Rajasthan. Very Erratic rainfall between 100-400mm. The water in the region is very low & Saline.

IGNP- The Promise Fulfilled

Changed traditional Demographic structure, Culture & Environment.

Traditional crops like moth beans, pearl millets were replaced by cotton, paddy, wheat, mustard.

Spectacular rise in food grain production.

IGNP- The Present Scenario

Overall irrigation efficiency is less then 40%. Problem of water logging, salinity increased. Inadequate management of water system. Lack of coordination between water

managers and agriculturists.

What Went Wrong ?

Water availability, Water Demand

Gap in Demand & SupplyWater utilization pattern of Crops

The Study-Methods & Material

Area – Khetawali Distributory. Period – 10 years (1994-2004). All 24 outlets including its two minors

namely, Khetawali Minor, Amarpura Minor.

Methods & Material….contd.

Design Discharge – Khetawali Distributory. Water utilization-- Crop Area/Water

requirement of a Crop. Relative water Supply (RWS)

RWS= (IR+RN)/ Et +S&P)where IR= mean irrigation application (mm/day), RN= mean rainfall (mm/day), Et = mean evapotranspiration (mm/day) and

S&P = seepage and deep percolation (mm/day)

Results & Discussion

Rainfall pattern in the command of KWD

237

369416 419

315

128173

243

117

219

136

050

100150200250300350400450

mm

94 95 96 97 98 99 0 1 2 3 4

Year

JanFebMarAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptOctNovDecTotal

Results & Discussion

Month wise Canal flowing period of KWD in different years

194212 214

192

268240

165142

98

184

108

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Days

94 95 96 97 98 99 0 1 2 3 4

Year

JanFebMarAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptOctNovDecT

Results & Discussion

Cropped area (hectares) during Kharif in different systems of KWD

301729863232

1811

331631143097

1609

672

3288

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Area

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

Year

KWDKWMARMTotal

Results & Discussion

Cropped area (hectares)during Rabi in different systems of KWD

3242326332383443.134563101

286531843177

3580

0500

1000150020002500300035004000

Area

94-95

95-96

96-97

97-98

98-99

99-00

00-01

2-Jan

3-Feb

4-Mar

Year

KWDKWMARMTotal

Results & Discussion

Water utilization by major Kharif crops

79.3

6.6

82.2

10.3

77.2

12.6

62.9

9.1

66.7

9.8

34.830.2

70.5

4.1

49

6.6

82.7

6

73.4

5.10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

A. CottonD. CottonGuarForage

Results & Discussion

Water utilization by major Rabi crops

80.8

7.7

83.1

6.2

83.6

7.1

78.2

5.8

80.1

6

91.3

2.1

91.8

1.3

89.3

3.8

70

17.8

72

11.20

102030405060708090

100

%age

94-95

95-96

96-97

97-98

98-99

99-00

00-01

2-Jan

3-Feb

4-Mar

Year

Wheat

Mustard

Gram

Barley

Forage

Results & Discussion

Relative water supply in KWD system during Kharif season

0.8 0.8

0.931.04

0.74

0.57 0.61

0.92 0.96

0.76

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

RWS

1994199519961997199819992000200120022003

Results & Discussion

Relative water supply in KWD system during Rabi season

0.96

0.7 0.680.74

0.81

0.58

0.35

0.480.42

0.5

00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.9

1

RWS

1994-951995-961996-971997-981998-991999-002000-012001-022002-032003-04

Conclusion

Water supply was less than crop water demand in both the seasons over the years.

American cotton during Kharif may be replaced by less water requiring crops.

Wheat during Rabi may be replaced by mustard and gram.

Crop diversification for sustained crop production.

Thanks

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