causes of the us civil war
DESCRIPTION
Causes of the US civil War. Leading to a Civil War. Events leading to the Secession of the South Sucession "to withdraw formally from a union or alliance” Southern individual states nullified their ratification of the U.S. constitution. The Process of Secession. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CAUSES OF THE US CIVIL WAR
Leading to a Civil War
Events leading to the Secession of the SouthSucession
"to withdraw formally from a union or alliance”
Southern individual states nullified their ratification of the U.S. constitution
The Process of Secession
LEADING TO A CIVIL WAR
Events Leading to the Secession of the SouthPolitical Sectionalism
○ Missouri Compromise○ Gag Rule○ Compromise of 1850○ Wilmot Proviso
Kansas Nebraska Act 1854Dred Scot Decision 1857Election of 1860
Slave and Free Territories Under the Compromise of 1850
Leading to a Civil War
The Confederate States of AmericaConstitution 1787 (1789 9 states ratified - 4 didn't)
○ established government ○ Constitution states that states can't coin money and can’t
maintain an army but can they secede?
Southern Position held that the Constitution did not automatically bind states
Individual States first . . . then United
STATES UNITED
Leading to a Civil War
The Confederate States of America
Individual States first . . . then United
STATES UNITED
11 southern states seceded and formed their own countryNorth says no you can't leave = 4 long years of fighting
CIVIL (internal) War - settle question about whether a state can succeed
- Pre Civil War The United States are- Post Civil War The United States is
The Election of 1860
Leading to a Civil War
The Confederate States of AmericaRadicals - fire eaters
○ South Carolinians since Nullification Controversy
South Carolina state convention Dec 20, 1860○ repeal ratification of federal constitution
6 weeks later MI, Fl, GA, Al, LA, TX succeed
Delegates to Montgomery Alabama○ organized themselves as the C.S. of A.○ Jefferson Davis - President ( Mississippi)
The Process of Secession
Leading to a Civil War
Causes Leading to A Civil War 1. Conspiracy
President Country North Lincoln 1860 USA South J. Davis 1861 CSA
○ Each side felt the other was conspiring against the other○ Laws & measures that inhibited the south
Congress controlled by north - DAVIS○ North doesn't want to control south - south wants
to expand into the west LINCOLN○ Each side didn't trust in an economic or political sense
Leading to a Civil War
Causes Leading to A Civil War 2. Constitutional
UNITED STATES VS. STATES UNITED
○ South - separate individual states form the unionsince states formed the union they can opt out
○ North - the union created the states by the constitutionIf the union is dissolved there is nothingLINCOLN WAS FIGHTING TO SAVE THE UNION NOT
TO FREE THE SLAVES (a political move)Lincoln was a federalist & constitutionalist
Leading to a Civil War Causes Leading to A Civil War
3. Growth of Slavery○ South had 4 million slaves
Slave owners 25% - 17 % 1-9 slaves - 7% 10-99 slaves - .1% 100+
very few had large plantations small minority of controlling whites
controlled southern society○ Labor intensive agricultural society
slaves imported because can't get enough whites to do the labor
Leading to a Civil War Causes Leading to A Civil War
3. Slavery○ Davis - the Blacks have a better condition under
the superior White race“docile savages to bodily comforts and religious instruction”
○ Lincoln - not in favor of bringing about the socialor economic equality of African slaves
“There must be the position of inferior/superior” Lincoln 1858
Lincoln was a product of his own culture. Freeing of slaves not a matter of equality!!!Yet he was against the concept of slavery
SAVE THE UNION
Leading to a Civil War
Causes Leading to A Civil War
4. Economic○ Labor
South - free labor North - paid labor○ Tariffs
North wanted to protect their products artificial inflation of imports
South faced reciprocal tariffs when they exported their agricultural products
South Against High Tariffs
North Against Free Labor
Leading to a Civil War
Causes Leading to A Civil War
4. Economic
○ North passes laws in congress because of an imbalance in voting power
19 Free States
15 Slave States
Leading to a Civil War
Causes Leading to A Civil War
5. Nature of a Republic
○ What is a Republic?Representative Democracy
○ Freedom to choose
South choose to leave under this freedom
Under another system this would not have happened!
Leading to a Civil War
○ ". . . it presents the question whether discontented individuals too few in numbers to control administration according to organic law in any case, can always upon the pretenses made in this case, or on any other pretense, break up their government, and thus practically put an end to free government upon the earth. It forces us to ask: Is there, in all republics, this inherent and fatal weakness? Must a government, of necessity be too strong for the liberties of its own people or too weak to maintain its own existence?"
Lincoln - July 4, 1861following Ft. Sumter
And so it begins….. April 12 and 13, 1861, the Confederate
shelling on Ft. Sumter in Charleston Harbor officially started the US Civil War which will eventually take:1,100,000 casualties 620,000 livesMillions of dollars of damageBillions of dollars of damage to agricultureCountless other emotional, physical and mental
injuries and damage to soldiers and citizens alike.