A L A S K A N

C A V E R

T h i s publication is distributed f ree to interested

cavers in Alzska first ctld t i i cn 210 'Qutsiderst' as

long as the supply lasts. The f i r s t i s sue of 1'IE

ALASKA9 CllVgli was only a t h r e e pngc xzroxed copy,

Hesponsa to the first issuc was ra ther poor and /

there f osc only t %en ty-f i v e copies of this issue

were xeroxed, The p u b l i c a t i o n of thin nctfslc t tcr 9 5

an d l ~ s k i n caving w i l l cornth~uc as lor.;: as there is

2r.y in tz r t?s t s!lov.:n by cavcrs both here afid in t h e

sr:t frcqua~icy of p?lbllc,?.t~.on, ,:z would still 6rcatl.y

i s s u e cotltains a real nice a ~ t i c l c compiled by Bill

HaLlidsy of Seat t le . This is ths t y p e of matzrial we

arc looking for, a l s o any - t r i p rcports concerning caves

hero ix Alaslca. The cditor ht;n r e c e n t l y been married

zr,d near the end of A p r l l 1371 w ~ l l lc?a-*-e for tk;elvc

months in Thailand. He will be re tu rn ing to Alaska

as soon as pess ib lc - to stay!

E d i t e d by

Chuck Pease

709 Xast 9 t l 1 , A p t $10

Xnc50rL?y , A??::ka 99501

CAVES I U D FOTdNTIAL CAVE AWAS OF ALASKA 5Y sill IIalliday

AT cvery Alaskz-basod spe lco log i s t !rmo:~u all t oo ~ : c l l , t h e cpclcological p o t c n t i 2 , l of t h i s largest n t a t c has r a c ~ i v e a l i t t l e a t t en t ion . Val*ious f a c t o r o r.13n t lo l ler l below m e p a t i a l l y rcsponsi'sll: f o r this. O f p a - t icillzr s i g n i f icancc is t h e f ac t t h a t the c ~ o s t celebrated of Alr?ska l s caves are ou-tuidc l;hc mainstream or" 1l;lcrican ard m r l d s~ulaology. T!~cze ere the burial eaves of tho hlcutim I s l e n d s , rzpor tcd at least a e r l y as 1878 ( ~ ~ 1 1 , 1878) and g i v e n wide no t icc by Hsvey in 1882. As nearly as can be determined by Hrdlickals cxcellcnt ant'mopo- log ica l roport (~ !rd l i cka , 1943 ) , none oi theso is of rr.0l.e t han slight spcleological i n t e r e s t with t h e possible exception of what m?y be crusted fuia~izole. h 'hile some m y Se of littoral o r i g i n , most secrn to be ta lus caves o r rockshel ters .

Perhaps t h e next most celebrated Alaska caves sre tho c ~ u s l e d fumzrolen of the Xztx3.i :t"ationnl i.!onurnent arca, repeatedly mon t ioned i n Hat ionril Acogra$hic Socie ty '.> publ;cat,io:~s (~rigzs, 1922). 'fo dz te , s p e I 4 ~ o l o ~ i s t s seen to ha\; Icft this t y p e of c z v i t y c ! ~ tirely t o v u l c , a ~ o l o g i s t s ,

::j;;!~'ding C Y J E S of t h e f o u r c l jor t y p e s - lirnrs-olle s o l u t i o n , ?.a-ra -kll3:,c, ~l z c l c r .::J l i i ; o r n l - ::c?.:i0c2l $;~?3.i..olo<j-ca1 S . 3 c l k t ~ ~ 2 ; : t ~ l . ~ have ~73b1i?i-.~d 5;' i i L i l E bricf

re:-o r t s ;*i;ei: t c : . y ~ o r ~ r i l y c:~~?logt:ll or :it2 f ona ad in AlasXz, 'i'firoug!:mt thr: 1960'3, a ?.o.:-?rioibity .infor~:z t i c k 1 scarch con,;uctcrl ly tlic I::- sc;:dc C.:oi, to of tlls :lSS a;:rf by t i i 2 ,'r-;:;c1.,1 S;clc01o~ic~l Survey, :;ltil s o l l z c l i ~ . ~ of s mdicu-ir of d i 1 . k ~ c ~ ! > c ~ 3 i ~ l l y fyon pcr::~rlrrel uf the U.S. Gcal.o;;ical 3 ~ 1 : ~ ~ e y . To dzte, hc:re-fer, t h ~ i,ioat zotrtblc :;i,,.-1,? ~.15li;l-c$ c:;:or+, cn AJ.;:.tl::: s ? ? l o ~ ! . ~ ~ y ??-i?i.ns .t!~-tt ol' !!a&-:-,.I (1 2-1 3.) d.:sp~tc i l j : 1.Lr1itn~j.ons i:i 2rcn ~ r d o s t o l t ur" . i . ~ ; l / d s t i s a % i u ~ ~ + ; l i t11 s r c c c n t up,^ - 2 01' iintr:rest in ;l.?.cie~ caves, lava t t b a c?.vcrcs e1:d ;;zt:ndokzrst in general, thc st~.;c zp>eErs set f o r n b u r ~ ~ a n i n g of in bcrcs t in , l l , i u ! < ~ spclaolo~y.

In t h c fo l lo : .~ ing r e p o r t , ench rcajoz typo of czvc will h e c o ~ s i d c r c d scpara tcly. I n some casc3, imyufficicnt inforn2t1.uu lias cone to Il.znd fol - c c r t z i n t y i n ~1:s;;ifi- c ~ . t i o n ( i . c , is a c&ve in thc littoral zone of a lines ton^ s h o r e of s u l u t i o l ~ a l or li tturzl or iGin) . Correct iclna a::d ~ d d i tions :!auld be welccrr.cJ $3 bo th t hc zu thor xrAd b y -1 ! .' ilL:.?-' ,.dX*'iTl cdvim-

C o n t r a y t o soac published s t a t caen t s , much l i rncstonc is p ~ c s c n t in rllaske. J'i;;urc 1 , siiar.~iz:~ a r c c o n ? l ; i i s s : r?.r-iy of l inestaiic deposits irl :;cu t1:e~:;tern ,llaskz,, p,-nhnbly nini i ; l izes the t o t a l ; s i n i l a r r?.a;;; of o t l l c r arcsa in t i l e sczz~r? report [ ~ ~ o d ~ e , 1944) s!lo;.i only a sn l l .1 perccnt of those recorded by l n t c r , rr.orc intensive studies. L i :..n .,., -. + ,on2 zlso crops out e;ztcnsivcly an the Soward Pen insu la zr;d in scvcrnl. I .ntcrlor I.il +I ..Las. -. 1! d a 2 o s i t in DIoi~lt ::ciCi~?ley :Iatic::dl 17k:k i l l C ~ O S O 1 ) ~ 0 x i ~ , 1 i t y to tl:e Alnska RaFlro~d 112a reccivcd u n h c publ.icity ~ C C ~ ' . ~ ~ I S O of thz t pl'oximify. ;I i 930 U. S I Z;zo l r>g ic~ l s::;-vcy r t .cor ,nais;n~cc of n n ~ t h : . : c s t .',I ~ s l : , ~ sh3:;l:; o u t c r o ~ l s of" 5 il~.ur:~ 11 L h j f t T,~nc- r; t c n e .:!: t Cr.rbo2j.f erolls Lisburuc !,F;:!e;%ao:~c occ.-il.cgly hjl~;d~*:d; of a I kes lo=,:;, ru:; :~i:?~ ~ - 7 : , v .::J c. 's~.-::~z$ ;;3rO~:; t;:t? ~)YGC.TS Z;r.'.~;3 ri'~':.l ' ~ ~ L I ~ c L.~L)~cT.".F: ; 2 ~ ~ ~ d ( l i !? ' : L<!: i i ;~j ? O &lid

.a

I , , , j &'yij-l t]al: r:2-.p, 2;;::;~ cutcx'~>~;r; ,?:i:>ei.r t.0 v.2 -; frc*a one ",o f * .. . - . L : 3 . ,# :c.,.I TAI?-L I.:.:? it ;;iq;.-. -*.r:; i: r v g j Q:.,S r.c:,.~ L'!.d - , . A ) ;h ai' t?. : , < i q ~ ; ~ l i ; z

;:,id !:g;tti:!< Ri;rcrs? the up;?er lloabak I i i v c r , the , i i l&tn:~ :livt?r and tlic cz::yonr, rlorttl arid soutn of iIfr~tu-+uk Pas;s arc p z r t i c u l u l y e n t i c i n g to CZ-JC hunteru,

I:,uch of Al?.ske's limestone h a s never teen viei:e8d by a sp@lcologist, Along t h e o i ~ t h e z t e r n cozL:;t, cccsss is entirely by boat or seaplane; once ssliore thc vcn tu rc r

s: r i i f f i c u l t bushxhzcking ar.d/or w a l l o k r i n ~ in muskeg. Bc tnccn thc rsi1rc:id znd tile ~ z t i o:?.zl rrtrk decosi t is 5.3 ur;forri:ble rj ~ c r . S07,c out crill>s n ~ . r :!or.> m,: c.cc~ss- i b l c L:+ jat:ys rocd, but l:@r;ic is irolatcr! from t h e acir. X l h s % s ro2.d nystcn~, :,I t t 5 o u ~ h 2 f c a ; i rc trr lpr : c x j . s t i n t h e interior r a n G u s , ncces:s t o potc1;tizl c s ; ~ zrcas liere is l? , ; ;e ly by hclicoptcz, f l o a t plant or cmoe .

T ~ I E l!odgc ( 1 944) reconnaissanc~ report on southeastern P.lal:a l i n c v t o ~ ~ c recorded t he f ol1o;:ing l o c a t i o r ~ s ?:nd descriptions :

!<any l j n e s t a n e an3 mzrble deposits occur sdjzcefit to the coact o f oou theas t e rn Al;.z::~, of tthicll m3rc t h a n 55 locat iozs a r e m t e d in this r epor t . Thc infor- r ~ z t i o r l u p o x xhicl? t h i s r c p ~ r f is based is t&-en l a r ~ e l y froa &avern:r:znt reports a n d cxcopt f o r U a l l lslnnd no c o r n n ~ r c i a l rsports h'cr:: c2vailzblc.. . t h c n:arblcized lir , ;cstonc is apt t o be d o l o ~ n i t i c mr: to c z r y i r s j ~ r i o u s minerals.. . r 7 ' ~ r . c i s l m d s .zrc t o p s of a s ~ t i n c i - ~ ~ d muufitsin range, and f r on t i ng t h c coast is

t h c bich b~rrier of t h c Co?st R c r ~ e , ~rkic l l is indcntad 'by l a n ~ , deep fjords., ,

nzrt lc , ; have rcszllted fro;: the pressrscs ir - f ixed by stro:i, dccpoe;.ted fo ld- i l l ; oC o l d rocks ( ~ : v o n i m olc',cs) a d . h w e t h a effec i .or cross-cutting ignso~s I-OC~;:;, ;.B j,-ecn l t cr thc mn:.t,lc 21:eas, l~or:cvcr, n r e mal t ered lirrct;; Lor-cs , i : ~ n~z.liy plat::r, i:i crcr.: b c 3 l c s i:-,d r ~ ~ a l ~ : of hich chcm.lc;,l purciy,

, ,

kJ.1. of' the l.irncstor;c dcpcsits hercir. ~-ecoi.G.cd 1 ic close t o t i d z l wzterr;. ):at-$ of tl,? 1ir:t:;t o;lcs G I P ~ C ~ ' U ~ > 2:; cl i f fs 011 t l l ~ shores of zhzlter ,zd i ;~ ters . . . Lir . !c~ tocc- occi!rzcncr,s ~.;hici, Lpp.:rr fro:., the record t o he l a r g e (zrr,?nZ -Lko:;e sho~:n o:, i.'.i (:: T.;. 1 - i ! and to hovc a p l ~ - i t j * OE O V C F 9i.r C::CQ3 2nd i:ilc~c t h e c:tir.~:itb.' cos t oI' d . ~ l i . v c i . ~ i n bins at Portli;.!rC sill n3: bc r o r c t l l L n 62 axe shc:ln 'lclov:

0 16. I:~;,b;i-.l G T Z , - ~ G Iclarrd, w a s t of Chic~, t ;oC, 57 40' PJ, 136' 15' 1!. On soidtht!cst

21 sic',c 03 is1 2nd opgos i t e rnoz~h of KukAr;n Bay; SiLur izn l imes tone on (neixb3) Edrards Is land. Pure.

20, Luiu lalend in KcYq Strrtit. Pernicn limestone. a

, - 23. ~ E P - I L C ~ C I - G Pc?k a d rcngc of mountcins n l o n ~ s o u t h u e s t s i d c . Rsrc l imes tone .

21. (s ic) E d ~ a r d s Island in Port B e ~ u c l c r c . Sjlurian limestone. Hi,gh-grade. Thick.

22. Szcina;: Xzy, blu f f s i t l ong eas t oidc o z p o s i t c cannery, Pre.-Silurian, 1,000 f ec t thick. lnt ercalat cd bcrls of che r t .

22. (sic, Hc:i.C of Szsinaw xay, on n a r t h e ~ s t sidc , Lines tonc cut by d i o r i t e di;;cs; strikes i n l m d t o S'A. 95.62,~.

26. Pri!;ce of" Kales Ir;lar,d. D e s c r i p t i o a s t a ~ t s nt t kAc K3:, gore S , 1'1 cnrl on zroluld islcnd, Ad jt-.ccn t islsl!r?s slos t l y given scpa*;:te dcscripti.sri:-. Cl;,rer,cc Sound ( s t ra i t } Isler:ds, lias;.:arcf Group, S crecn Isla?d, S i l u r i a n , part, thic!:,

36. C a l d e r Region. Limestone occurs i n C t ~ l d e r Rase and extends n o r t l l w u d to Labouc!zere B5y. Verrcont I1;arblc Compsfiy. ~ : l c v a t i o n 103 f e a t at Geldar Q u a r ~ ~ on S , near hex1 of I : i ~ b l c Creek. Limcstane bcds 1C3-1003 fcet .. 1 t~ic:.:. i.;z:=Llc b31t 3,093 f e e t v ide ~ t r i k ~ d s I . ; I z?:d d ipa S,:, extc~id;; ~ 0 2 t h zcross Dry Prcss to Xzrtlo I s l ~ n d ; a r t o f f on 1 2 a ? ~ d just back of S)i:.:.azn by &rz!xi-bc. 'io l! ;; crol ; :zs Cal4er 3 ~ t 2nd r~ap>cirs f o 1; nr?d beyond. Cut by diabasc dikes. Y~.~L ' , ,O CzCO

3' Bry PZSS, 2fj miles l ong , extends E fro^. Caldcr and Shc?kkan Strait t o El Capi t a n S t ra i t . C1 Czpitan ! ; a b l e C c r i p ~ ~ ; Vcrii~mt ?:arb1 c Co~parq . Limestone occurs on 51ro small i s l a n d s and at thc 3 l side of the entrance, Pre-Silwian. Part of a Larce area covering Prince of Hales an3 ad- jacent islwds. Strike I16Od. 1'orrr.s b l u f f 200-4CO f e e t high. Cut by "

.r?ikes which have rrarbleincrl ad jaccnt l i ~ c s t o r l e . Unif orrnly pure, rrhite to blue-grq, Some quartz 8cams. Quarries at 100 f o o t devz t ion .

37. Labouchere Bay. S i l u r i a n limeatone cxtonds froz Caldcr to Lahouchcre 2nd in- cludes P o i n t Protctct icn, Po in t I3&.er Ic Red h y . Pure, thick,

36. Point Protection. Ezst sidc.

35, { s i c ) P o i n t D&er. Along cozqt and for 1.A miles t o cast.

40. i:oocuisko i s l a n d . Ancc!:ett, costern:rozt poi:li, 56' 9' H, 133' 16' il. S i l u r - i e : ~ l i r c s t o ~ c covers cqst of thc i n l m d . J o i n t e d ~ n d shcarcd, cut by dlkcs. C r , ? h ~ z l 1 ~ - c11nl:gcs t o ~r.rb't c f rcn Aneskct t ~ s t w l r r d . Limes tone denoc , massive , n o c i i d ~ r and shdjr, 95-99p C;rCC) L n r g c , t h i c k , (Iuzrries . , 3' St+:cl.~ir:i ( l lc?r l~scn) Cove, t-:est of ~?r ie r . l ce t t end. on G side of islnnG. ~ ~ D c I C G zre thc sase as abuvc.

43, ]l,-..r.>le Tcl~n$. , in Davidson Inlet ard s o u t h of l;o,scui:i!;cl. Exte:!sj.oli o r Si~aknan b c l t . (2uz.rrics prazent. Islond 3 w 4 rl:i.l.cs, rnaxix-ir;; c l (+vz t io~ ; 7523 feet.

Tokecn, northi: tcst shore. V e r r o n t I.:;;rbJc Co:a,?;hn). . D;rk blue l i n c c t o n e altcrcd. to c!arblc. l.Luch p y r i t e s . I - ; C . U c l . 1 2,500 f c c t

'. . wide eAr?nris sg ncrozs Orr i.1~~5. h;uct jointeLy3cut by a n d a s i t e and p r p h y ~ y dikss . Dips 38:40' I!d. Q u n r y ncxr wharf.

Ilarblc Isla~ld, SS of Tokeen, 1-1;- miles. Rocks as at Tokcen.

4 3 , (sic) I>avirisot~ Inlet and i s ler ids t he r e in ; amtb 2nd SiI of icarble f slaxd. Head of E a g l e Hzrbor. Thick, pure.

43. ( G ~ c ) klhitc Cliffl 55' 55' I;, 133' 29' ki. Ti~icl:, p w e , Orr Island, between l)2.vi$.son Inlet and See O t t cr You~c l . l',ission 1.Izrblc Coa;rznj-. 95-37;; CaCQ Covers noct of i s l s n r l , 25 f e e t a3ove high t i d e l e v e l , maidc!i j o i n t c 2 , Dips 3' s t e e p l y , s t r i ke IIiI , pure. QIIUI-> at h'ater e 3 ~ e .

7. rrcce tz, I s l enr? . Xot t l c d , fxne-crrtincd, dcn-a l l~ rc l lirr.cstonc. 8.q-g9,!,U CLCO at 3' cage c : i ~ a l l bcy and 5 O f e s t abovc h i ~ h tide l e v e l at n i d d l e of 12 sidk of

i s l a n d .

f r G , Cordovit Br:y. Sk i s i d e of Pr ince of i : d c s Isl2r.C 2r.d b ~ i i : ~ z n Prince of \:ales 2r.d L0r.z 1sl rinds f I?I.?P~CT I s l a d . Pu re t!15ck S i l . u r i z l l i rnes toile.

0 49. I(ound Islmd. B side of Lon; I ~ l z n d , 54 4?/' Z, 132' 32' i l . Tiio b c l t s

of pure t h i ck S i l ~ w i s n i2 pre-Silurian l i m c s t o n e s t r i k e ZJi! into Uall Island.

Dal - l 3 s l ~ , n d . llo2t'rlcrit pkrt is czdled Gua.Jur2.. Large voluple of higil gradc rock.

50. Iiat;.l:on Vill~.g;.. Pre-Silurizn l imcs tone b e l t strikes to Haterfall Bay, grades i n t o do1o:nitic lil~rble.

511. Viesr Covc. P~cific Coast Cecent Coiy?Zny* L~lrge h i ~ h - ~ z d c deposit , quarry. S t r i k e s Nd to Capc Lookout.

52. Breezy Bay in Tlevak Strait. Belt s tr ikes ?i t3 to Diver Island. ..

53- Diver Islmd.

55. i:atcrfall Bay and C a p Augurstint?. Slichtly dolomitic marble, '

56. Post B a z w .

Severa l of t he lcss-purc depsoits in tbc! abovc are moderritcly dolomit ic ."

ilKoscius!~o l s h a - d , T h i s i s l a n d gives cvcrz ind icz . t ion o f a p e a t number o f cevcs. Tnc zu thor v i ~ i t e c l ulroij.'~ s i x vb.',il c czr1.2~d i n t l lc vicinity of Zdna Uzy, ri ii?i. locx?.i P:I of one of t : ? ~ s ~ s i x ~ s s dc::cribci t o mi. by t h e supcr intci . :en; of thz ;~cl;.? tcm~ux-;:ri13; c losed J u n c a u Sp:r.ce i :ill L o g c ; . ! ~ ~ Ce:?p. Upon loo fin^ rclr t h i s cava I f'ciY,rirl f i v e n!ore i r) t!le smr? &oler;il Eoca l i t y . A 3 1 crc a l o q the czr;t fLcc 04" c I ' G V ~ H B en:i z;lpcr;r to b c l o n ~ l o a chain- k;oxk P.: czves wid U I I ~ ~ ~ * ~ ; F D U Z - : ! ~ ! ~ i . n ! l e l s t h h t C Z ~ C ~ t b ~ o ~ ~ e r f ~ o ~ : from a lzke ~;I;'out; a mile up t h c ravine. The rzvinc i t u c l f is dry at prsscnt but zt onc tirx milst have bee11 the ~ 2 j . n drain:$,-e of the lakc before the cave rns k i c r k hol1o::ed out. Although % h c underground channel meanders sonw it does rtzr roughly p a r a l l e l t o t h 2 ravine but a t 2 olightlg l w e r level. '

A t t h e t i r ne I v i s i t e d t h e c3vdE which K ~ S durinz 211 u n u s ~ z l l y dsy s p c l l , tkcrc! ~ 2 s no virihle ~ ~ u n n i n g k:atcr. Thcra wcrc, ho;:~-scr, some dccp pools in the! cave, sO:,iC oircr ten feet dzcp, and in o x of they1 1 chanced t o scc 2 trqclve-inch f i s h ~irimriling ~ rox r?d . Xiicthcr 1lj.jh xatcr hzd cerricd this f i s h into t h e pool , or ~<:ctlricr it ~ s . s a blind cnvc f i s h v : ~ s n o t Cctcrni!led s i n c e up11 a rel,u.rii t ' r i p xi t h z n n t t h e f i s h ;;as no;;'rlere v i s ib l e . Tne back p a r t o f t h c pool k;as a duck-under 2nd t h e fist, :.::.s eitircr back t h e r s or kt22 n v c d on to r..xothez. p j r t oi' t h e cave t ~ u ~ ~ ~ l : ; o ; , ~ n o n \ ~ i s i b ? 2 chantl~l:;. ( ~ s l a n d is 26 n i l c s lo f ig - C L ~ P ) .

E!ear C~tjlc Pole knd on the hos~c tcz . f i of one "Pike P o l c S l i t n l ' i s 2 zn.211 cave ~:hic!i ru11s &out. ec t i cn t j - - f i ve ~it-d!; i n t o a lolr bl~;r.i'f, The cuvc L-,. - -.-. - 1 -.b-.'-.- i- < L * - -1 J t - ,..*-- L. - 2 .----, -.- J L . - - A p - - .

Eakcr Island. 'Ihe i s land is almost cor:l_ulcte'y of 'limes tane and s mining engineer thnt s:ade a stady oi t i lo dc~osits on the island s t a t e d t h a t t r a v e l i n g on it was d a n b f ~ r o u s because o f t h e many si~llis, caves

* and pits, (lsland is 15 m i l e s l ong - c~(P) .

I lh i t e Cliff Island. Running into thc f ~ c c of a vertical l imes tone c l i f f and 2bou-L tell fect above the wnter's eclge is a snsll cave t h a t runs about f i f t y yards into the f a z e of the cliff end cnds up in a ser ies of sinall chirzicys, (1slci ld is one n i l a in diaacter - 61t~).

Orr I s l a n d . On the cent ra l eastern side of this isl~nd and behind a small offshore island is a cave tha t runs into t h e face of t h e cliff and has a s m a l l stream in it. ( ~ s l z n d is 7.5 milcs long - CRP),

Coronation Islznd. Folklore Cave. Thc f o l ~ l o r e or tile f l i n k e t Indians givee the raven as tllc principal dcity and ancestor o f t h c i r race, Tho s t o r y goes that 'nay bzck in' t he dzys of creation, i s d before ho started h i s line of descendants, the raven :$ishe$ to mzke the seas safe for h i s people . Tl:crcfore, selecting as a 11?3ctir?~ placc a cave on th2 i s l a i ~ d ; ~ h l c h 1:itcr uc?..s nnn:t.d Corcnntion Islcnd (r.c~.:ed in honor of thc z n n i * ; ~ 1 - s ~ of tllc c+ronat io : l of George III - C ~ I P ) , hs invited ~ 1 1 t h c tcrriblc r!onstr,r; of t h e $.zep a d u!?a~l l.i.,zy had all ~,:;sc;,:hled in ';his cave, lie cast a a p c l l on thar.1 t h s t they ml.g: l t neve r Sc free to x o l c c t h i s people. 11r.d t o d a y :s%.n: ol:c vj sits t h i n c~: ,~z tl;o non:;tcrs 2re all t h e r e t o be seen. T h i s zkory tias +,old to :ne by Joe L7h;larit, t h e l oca l I l ~ d i a l z !-riio t o l d ~l;c of t h c bcrinl cave, Joc is p ? r t 'i ' linkut ar,d 312:; vizitzd t h e cave. He st8?.tss t!~:if there ~ r b ~ 0 1 1 ~ i i I c ' i ' ? . b l ~ farina- t i on r ; iil the cavz at:4 tilet it : / as prc.?~~l,bly L i x s h z p of so;w of these t1la.t inspired t h e i:.~lceS.nr?t i o n of t3c eer ly XL?J i x i : s t o aosoci.;: tc thon w i t h t e r r i b l e ~nons tern of t h c deep. The ~ u t l l o r d i d not have an oppor- tunity t o v i s i t t h i s czve since it was a c o n s i d c ~ ~ ~ b 1 . c d iz tsncc from xhcre ::s rrcre 1;orki:lg at thz f i n s . ( l a l a d is 70 fiiles long - c ~ P ) .

Heccta I s l c ~ d , This island i s mostly of l i x c s tone ~ ? d has u c o : ~ s i d e r s b l e number of s in:< holes on it, sone of them filled with \nitsr 2rd . forwing pic- turcsque lxke..;, T h e m is 2 E?IJ-G~ ccve e n t r ~ i n c e in a s i n k hole ahout helf-a-r~ilc i n l z ~ i d z8ro;3 t h e czst aide 01" P o r t Alice. 'Tiic c z - c I?cs an un3ergro1~.lrl stresn in it and is hclicvcd to d r a i n a si,zL holc la!<c fzrthar up t h e +:aye Ar.d just offs l iore , seer1 at l o x t ide n I.,?rgc spring msilcs out of thc ground and j.s &out eightecn inci les acyoss. It is believed to be a p a t of the same drsinege sys tcn . Thc zuthor talked with sone g e o l o ~ i s t s ~rha t:cre 1:'orking 0x1 the islr:.nd end tllcg caid thay hnd. seen some c t v e eztrznces but hod no t invcstigztcd t!i#-rn any f u r t h e r . (island is 15 miles wide - CRP).

There is co~sidernblo k d i a n lore tied up with m2ny of the caves in this =ea, and r , i y first cluo t o such a f 1r.d c a m early i n t h e s u n e r while I ~s'czs in Craig, Alaska. Xcre I h e a d of an l ~ r d i a n buri~l cava Chat :;;-s discavercd by t:;o t r n p p e r s about t e n y c u s ;,;a ( i , e m 1933) The c2vc is lcckted on thc s o i ~ t h s i d z of n s-:~.\zll i n l e t cot far fkcn t h ~ ~ ~ e - t h c r n e::ri, ~ : ! d C H ~ I ? c V C S ~ s ~ & z , Q; U2~3.1 J:;!:h~d, '?:it?

S Q ~ Y t h a t t];e t!.jo trr.?prs f p ~ n d t:.;o r;.cr-,;;ifii;d Ir.dic::s j !I t h S s css-s. ;a+ ~ f i c rzl-:i:l:; :;ere in pd ~j.j.",tg p o z i t i a n , ;,:.~.p::t:ci j n ::=lqr-:n uer1;:r s ~ t s

2nd resting in hck::~ ce rk r boxes ~rhosc sidesl;icre h e l d t c ~ a t h c r by twisted bark rope of t h e S Z T . ~ typo o f ~ o o d .

' Iationel Spcleological Society f i l e s list tllcsc as fol lows :

Alice Cavc ( t h e czve on Kcceta Xslsnd, near I'ozt lice) :*'i;h Cc;e ( t? le cave on Kosciusko IsLzn? x i t h sli,-i?t record of a fish) Folk lo re Cave ( t h e cave on Coronat ion Psla.::d, so listed hero) Orr C x ~ o (the cave on Orr ~ s l z n d ) P iku Pole Sliv's Caqrc ( t h e cavc on Kccclusl:~ Xs!.al~d on the-hon~estoad thereof) ; I ! I ~ % c C l i f f Cave ( t h e cztre on i ih i te Clilf ~ s l a n d )

A t the time of his pio~eer ing r epo r t , Hac!cn;.crn was errlployed by t h e 11,s. Goo- l o ~ i c n l Survey, A s mentioned, otllcr U S 3 pcrzonncl hzi~c reported the existcnce of caves in o t h e r amas. David !.I IIopkins ( w r i t t e n cos~unication, f 761 ) has noted

!I the presence of caves and k a r s t in t h e erctensivo l i c e s t o n e s of t he Sei lnrd Peninsula, on Boulder Creek, a tributary t o t h e Sinuk liivel*, on tlLc Kkriniuk River, and at i f i l l 0 9 . r Cseck in t h e vallcy of the float R i ~ c - P . . . Uae set, on 'Trail Creek, a tributary t o Cottoc:~ood CresIc xhlch in t u n flo;in i c t o t h e Goodho;le liiver +hzs ~ i c l i l c d soma v c l y irnl;ortan lt Es:cimcr material" These ca;Pds aTc s tatcd t o h a ~ ~ ~ l ~ c e n :3ub jccted t o i n t a ~ s z f r ~ s t ?.ctionl m 6 the z o s t e-ct?rsive is 'k f e w huu?;.ird f e z t long". This eorl*c;spondsinl; rddett : "1 s2y.1 zoze vary u!n?. l l cavern:; in t h e Pozlt C l n ~ c ? ~ i c e l izzr , tonc i!l %!LC Sork ?..oxy~f ~ i z s last SUGEIS1' 5i:d L>-0:'~ 2i.d .Tt.~!!jr k=lr!;t i ) i t ~ j.21 221 old. ~ n a r i n c .Le,*r~.ca j.n f r o n t o f t h s Y c ; r X 1-:oi1nt-lins. C. L.. ;j~icsi;'~-jl, ;.l;:o :lort,ed i :~ t;:c "fork I.c:;:l k . ... i:ls 1::s t cu.-.-xr, tells !;lo t'nat ~ic.ic~-'b!acl~:r; ~;oc?d cave,; Eve rare .tkcrc. Tl!ere are a1.co ~ i n X ? ~ o l e r ; in a l ines to ! l5 zrea i n l . r _ d f.1.c.m C z p ;ioo?la;r on Se:::~.~d l > z l ~ i ~ s u l a 'cut I k;-.C:I of no caves",

c n Cllic:?.,-of I s l m d , k a r s t is t;.cl?. ?,:if?lo;,zd j.n tile ,'ru:;t Crezk arc3, Ti,e creek :'io::s " f o r 2 cl:!..:;idt.rzbhe ( l i ~ t a r . c a t l tia*ou;;h a r,:~vc \<hi& is 30 f e e t iliL.h 2nd. 40 fcct L J ~ & C ;it t h a uppor cntra~cc (lleed B Cozts , 1943 ).

In thc Hestern S p n l _ c o l o ~ i c a l Survey fils j.s a report of a c-frc 2 t ry1~ulj 3~ on A.',nix~lty f s l ~ n c l in w!iich I ! ~ d i m s in h i s t o r i c f4.:n,:z fc1.u-d about a dozen b c = ~ hibcr- niltirig and "ha rves t cd'Ythzm. Its lis tir.6 h e r e is only tentative.

It is l i k e l y that d l a s k 3 c o n t a i n s rcl_;,r,y nora lair& tuba cavcr:Is thzn those rccordnd t o date. One ( " ~ a l t z o ' s ~ a v ? " ) io l o c n t c d on tlic south~:ust f l a 2 k of t:?c h igher point of Iloeoslof i I i l l on St, Pzul X:jl;tnd in t h e Pribilof grn?tp. The only k n o : ~ zzplorstion pasty ~ f t c r pcne t r n t i n ~ ; about 200 ne tern torrc?.rd t h e s u ~ m i t cza t a r t~~~;i.:3. barslc; lac31 Aleuts Zrz ~ t u g e r s t i t i o c s and t ~ o t o n t a r t h c ccve. J3rer?kdo:ln is scarcc 2nd f lo i r featu3.2~ zrc promilit?n t. (;3alt;.o, tIo;:a~d, i ~ r i t t c n coz :?un icz t io~ , 5-4-68). S~rr:~w;lzt sLailar supe~stitions are i-e,;arted concerning "'i'tlc D2vil s I;ou.Chu on Nuniv* T e l ~ n d ( 2 tavcns , !:obert 4 . , ora l c o - ~ ~ ~ n i c a t i on, 1970). rn 15i:;, is ten t i i t i v ~ f l y Liztcd 2s a lzva tu3e crrvsr:I j colla~c;t!d l z v a tube 2,-e prosent, nazrby in tlle I5ki::wi t Lrtva Bed znd an u-i~ii;~w,ed l a v a bed scu th o f I;:a~:c;;i*~!l!; j i ; tk Crntar ( ~ : o c > r e , Joseph ;,I. , w r i % t e n ccflxv~lication, 1 2-29-G;]). D n v i d 2 . I l r>;~kins reports (:;rit tcx coxn~inic-f iors , 10-6-61 t: I 2-22-Cii~) "a nu:facr o f l 2 - v ~ t u t ~ r , " i : ~ tl.rL? Los t Sin f l o ; ~ Lzr th of ;,; t. Eanrlzlchcn a:;d :jl?11<11 r3r I .b3:';:: L::lie on t h e >;a;:l:;J Pcn i : l ; ~u l a . ":ic:r;o of t h e n c-n b 2 sc;lctr~.tod t o ?e:,.ths of ~ . : v ~ 3 ~ ' 3 1 t c i : ~ of f e e t brlo:q thc f l o ; . ~

. . :r,,i for I:~.:i;;~:lt..xl d j . s :b;c; O? & !--l.!:?ri?<d f 2 2 k 0- Eo j ni;;~iil;. :-:i:;i 21-b::cr I . l~:? ts j.t a j ,ilt zble to ~ c n e t r z t c th-7;~ l s c ~ r r : e:.rtc?~::ivt:J.y". Jo.; cpli '2, I ~ G L T C iicrj r6?polbt,ed sc:.:: si ,:zllcr l a v a tube czvcs nehr Unalz';Lc:t, " i :~ tk.c vcry ;-Gu~:g flo:is :;!;ich cZi9.c from i; s~;z ' l l t~?r.?.rr,cd cone between t h e Andr~a?';;ky i l i v c r and ' tho Sisters.., '?!;c tubcs are c,:l; 2-5 f c ~ t d l e p and a few fcc t t~idc". iic bs l iwes t b ~ t larger lava t u h c caverns ,*: . ;J ?xi: t in l x g c r flo:.rs newby.

It1 contrast t o G o m e other p u t s of t'le !:orld, the study of l i t t o r a l . catres h;l-r: l;:cged in the U n F t ~ d S tctco. i i i t h t hc cxec2tion of t i 1 0 5 ~ archcologiczlly i ~ ~ o r t e n t c w c s , t h i s is adso true of A?.ar;ka ;s!?arc t he i r nu:.~ber is prob;..bly i r c l ~ ~ i l s c anrl t h e potcn t i z b for t h e i r study psrhap..; u ~ ~ c s c e l l c d .

To da te , only a f c ~ littoral caves have been l*ccordedc Tba f o 1 l a ; r i n g caves rneatiened by ilackven are tentst~uely lis bed as littoral:

I

Coronation Island. *I.., any giant sea caves along t h e coast, One f isher- man to ld me that on a calm d a y he xc?n his Tisiljrl tg b o ~ t i n t o ano of the larger ca;rea. These trulling boats 'are usually about 50 to 60 fee t long and about 2s high... an abundance of bird lifc,,. One can fire a gun near thc e n t r a c c of one of these caves and t l~ousnnds of b i r d s will fly out."

r. q Baker Island. "'. . . a large b l o ~ - h o l e csve on a p o i n t to the nortbacs t . . ." Boyc:~ Island. "Xlong the rcr,idt (;.?;I! :.d~lir.r;ton, arc z c v c r a l ~ , t v c s , Olic

, , ccn;sist?d of t.20 c2:~es ; d . i l - : h ~~~~~3 ;C t7-11:~ c 1 a p ~ i l l be t.::et:.~ tlictn i:nd ;;;;~;l vic;~r;d f i c , . ~ out itt s c ~ i g i ~ b 3 the ;:F:)r2ii3':'.'1.CC ~f ;i 1: i'gd . i ~ ) l f hetJ, ;,r:sJ,hr?r c ~ v t . ~?ear '~>- is at t h s bzs:: of s 11i~ ; l t cliff 2nd ' r ~ ~ i ! ; a picfurc;jrjuc l ake in i t . P~ . rSk : s r 'to t i?? c o r t h e7.33 u p 5Y.c C J C L ; ~ is a c2vz ",la$ i-uns :I~ru~;;; i~ t h c cz;l;:, ::hj.ch :At t h i s ::o.lii t is L>~,u t a

:7 - ~ ~ u : 4 2 t c r OC a a i l e i:cro:;ri, . , ~; i~!re w e oti1e.r s~a , cavc:; alozg t h e ~ 2 : ; t c r i l s::orc of' tl;c ~sl:.-(!, 2.c-opor."

I

:(o:cicsko I s l z n d . A rur;lorcd cave : i i f l ~ ge t rog lyphs on t:ic 11,1 s i d e of Sl:ip?ly U r q ; ty ~e uti.ceztain.

T l ~ c s e cavt?s ere listetl in the filer; o f t h a :!2ti.cnal Sp~heological Socic ty 2s f o l l o : ; ~ :

r:oronn tian Iolnnd; Sea Fo:11 Caves. :'3:,;cer 1sl.zr.d: Bluw I-iole C w e . i:q-e; Island: ::elf Pecc Cirvz.

C l i f f Ca-~e . i L ? i r ~ < o n Czve.

Kcsciuuko I s l and : PC t r o g l y ph Cave.

I~L?c!<!,I~:I 3150 recorded m ~ ~ l t i o n of z b u r i a l cavc at t h e PI;/ t i p of D:211 Xsl.znd, ..r;lm2.:r2 a 1.j t t$r;l csvc :-.oul d b.: l i ~ c l y , '!'LC K'J.J~c.z of tk.:! ,tt5~tezfl j:,'>l.:nlir;;ical G!:rvc:, co:r L.r..i11 unvcr:if ier! ru:? ,Qrs o f a Su?:.a?d I '?cr : * ;~c CniTa on ,ruj.ou Ir; lr>:zd, !>rob- ably on t h e s c u t k cj.dc, ;.:id of a s m ; i l l li tt~r::..l czvm nsm- Ae:,iiljk, '1'1:~ C Z Y C ~ on K=I:,: f s l and r.,hc1.c wa l ru s m a t was f or ,~ r .o r l j stored ( ~ p r l n ~ , 1967) m ~ j bc l i t t o r ~ ~ l ,

, . ; 1 C"'J33 - 9 - volt. 1, $2

* 'a

czn in some instances be fo? lo \ rcd Soc miles , by l i s t e n i n g t o t he m ~ f f l t l d xoar of t h e r iv5 l . s rushing t h r o u ~ 1 1 ~ c c c:~ver.:ts fzr below :!I? xurf?+crfs", E3oze;;:~:t g ~ x : : l i n g l y c 1 : "Onc cnn sornatiacs penc t ra tc a ~ r m t d l s t cnce" (icto tllcso C Z V C ~ ) but ~pccific~lly ststud that it wns nacesszry "to i n f e r \:hat t ~ k c s place : s i t h l n t h e t u n n ~ l s l ' znil i t eppemr; th; i t t i re only ;.;alzzpina Glac ie r C S Y ~ S i i : ~ i ~ S kc exp10~0d , .-= shop t llpp?r-lcvcl gl3cicl caves "fro!;l one dc;.p vallt:y to ai iot ; lar" \:hj.ch he

uscd to "avoid a s+,ccp c l i inb over xor~ inc -covered ice".

T3 dntc, the mos t i n t e n s i v e g l .nc iespe lco lo~ ica1 studies in Ala!;ka a r e t h o s e of Eocd (1970) and h i s studerlt C1z;rton (196i1) of t h e :Cartin I t iver Glzcier, located ?-bout 60 m ~ l cs ens t a f Cordova. 'l'hcy found pseudokii~% t i c phet:ome~~a conl>,?rable to a11 s tagcs of thc karst c j ~ l c . Bnglacial ~ n d subt.lacictl caverns a r c p r z s c n t , but t h e en t i r e f opogrx$:ly is wdergoing entrcnely ray id change. A large subglncia3. cavern zbout 72 foe t in diameter, with two brznches 2nd ncarly a mile of pascage exglorcd in 1962 was observed i n t h e final stages of c o f l ~ l p s o i l l 1365. In another arca, t xo inkerconnected s i n l ~ h o l e Lzkeo and four nczrby lakes enpticd znd refilled at a ra te of about a m i l l i o n gallons p:r minutz, on t h r e e occazions d u r i n g t h c st~:e'y', T L ' ~ I I I = I ~ J = abon t 3 hours t o c~ :~p ty . T.e ~ l n c i c r he ro is ahzut 300 f e o t . thick 2r.i r h? :;!~.k~urf zcc cE;.zn?el is ~rob;SE;; s:k'~. , ; :~c~;l l . 0!1 c?7:3~3~tc!i:n:: t i ~ c ~ i n k :.ri~zn t n a I c - : c ~ I?kc b r ~ s em :;J ty, 211 ia?rc!:.silic ro:)iV :.?c?n dvc?r.'ulc ri2:p belo:.!, I)t:ri.cdir,alPy, ~ 3 : ; l~;::i 1iai:;zi; like C Y . ~ ~ O S L O R S ;il::C ;:!:dil>le. ~;!;ali tk,e ncbi:;o :;tc:7p>d, thu c y s t t ? m :b - ; : f i . l ko ; . ~ f i 7 _ L ZLC, ;;IL c-111~1.1 rr: LC. 6 L ! L * : ~ 1:)::~:; 111 t i i ~ : 7->;s. ~j . ; a i l ;+~- . ; ; G ~ J ifjq;l az(l ?,;;'lllzci yar.;.otl?.cslly on ;s 1233 :;?l,ct,:cu!.;lr scdl.t?. A:ich S K L : - : : Y ~ i ~ ~ ! , d i - , ~ j : t c f i t

t n r - ~ . ~ . ~ t ; k \ \ ~ ; t f;\a8a t"tlc L;RO:I t,. 50 2.:~ ti:;;:; tki> d~~~!iLll:;r: O C C , I I , . ~ . ; ~ I ~ by n i ' o ~ 1 1 \?..in 20 1 ' 1 ' f ~ ? t ili;:::l1, kc',ivc 2s ].OH~ ES 3 i ; ? ~ k . i f i C 2'ie.kt~ 2 ~ : i ~ ~ i h 2 < 1 :I?.> r , ~ < ~ b l y r~?,sini::c.?nt

of 1 i,;& :r;tona ~ p ~ ? l c c , ~ ~ r . c r , i s at a tr~i,~r,..:d,;:ls'ly F c c o X c ~ ~ t o d ccn1.c.

j-:~ th.1 Jv::.;F.\I . 7 ~ * 2 t ~ :1 Ie:i; d r r ,n:. tic2lj.y c:..? Ly i.12 ~ l r ~ c i c r l;l!;a ~l-~,;i: j.r: t,o a c ~ ~ : , 3 1 2 i : ~ t c d ni?;r C,z~.;p 1 '( on -Lhz JLI;:c;~u I c ~ . ? f c ld, i n -tiic Lar8:olz Ci-eek Gl;,,, ,~:r bu \ : , ;cul l

, . C;?, i r :~ P??.?.k P . Y - ~ C ) . ? ; ~ C Z - . ~ ~ L h i 0 2 I.:CUII 5ili-11. . :;i.j'.~;:r:l ;,7il !.c L* e.i.plo.rr?d t h j - s c::vrr f~j:r 3 ' s u ~ t t ;CO ;r'ai.t sov=i.nl y z x n ,-LO; rzcently it :.PS z r 2 l o r e d r'cr r ? 7 ~ o l ~ t 3GO actcrs by Ross :I;l.ck ( o w l co : r r i~ .~~~l . ca l ; io~~ , i x z c 24, 1910) :uld f~ l i : :d to ri;:rroir to ia;j? s : ; r .b i l i ty a l o n g a s t r 2 , l . n s l o t , A s i ; b . i l a ~ ' 12.k~ nc,w C:,..si> 10 7.t ICY U f r j i 2 , in the scl.~;h c ~ l oi Vnntc?.gc Pc:.k, i i ~ y a l so drain into z t cirvz. O1:i postcards ?.re k,ilc!:r of r? 1~ir~il Z ~ Z C ~ C Z " Ca7e in tj-;~ ;:IOU t of t h u IEer.dcnh,?ll G l n c i e r ,

C:.acicrs i l l ?,c~~t!l-Con tral 11 l?:;!<s krz ~ L Z Q kno-,::I t o con tnin cxvce , C?.-.srca in +,!LC h y r o n Glycicr bs fz bzt:n I; :cdied T Z C L C ~ : . ~ by l'eajc I 6 ) 'ili:o u r j - f i c c z cc;llcsce nf tn r ;?. s h o r t I ? ~ ~ ~ L ! : s c , fol-,nil:;: 2 6CC3 f oat CX*IC ; ~ v ~ r ; . ~ i n g 15 fe2t l.-r~da an1 7 fzc t hizlr. dnot i ic r c2ve consisted. of a :;i:151e 1ar.j.t: c!l~.i,:bcs. A t h i r d r r i t h .z hi!<c cntrznce i ~ ; EiGo'r~t l>rA fzlet long, avera;.ini; 25 faet :i;i-dc 2nd 9 feet uidc . . I 3 o f Septt>i+ibcr 73'70, laJ;';ez c ~ v z :.;;A r.o Loz~sr accca,lole riuc t o r3hc c ~ l l i . + ~ . ; c of t i 12 first 190 fce i of p?!;sase ! Zi:luf!!cz C l a c i m conf ? i n s t i r i i n ~ l c li:r,c ch i;a:)cr r , ; l *~c that is the t , - ~ d of d k l i l t n ~ River. Cnc clu-r tcr of a mile up &l.acicr is a 100 foot p l u s p i t c i i th a ,road s i a c s+,r:;dn, goin;. ~ ~ : d c ~ ~ r . o u n c l at t h i s poix-t , 'Shis ?it i s on?^ 10 fct2t in dizae:er p,r,d duo to the - c c * ~ n t of 5:;a.to.c cflfcrjr?,-, it L+~OUI .C~ bl: nccr:ss;:ry $0 diT:ai t t i l e s t r eam p r i o r to eriplorint;. 'I 'hi3 s l ~ ~ I ^ t i-i;?; see;? ~ ; J O su:..fir:3..s : ~ i t h no ~ i l ; l > ; ; ~ ~ . r > t i ~ ~ d 2113 appears parr.nrrcnt.

:hiI(!, Jzc::, 1951. Of i ce 223 c;l1~es. f !~: :h \~l l l t . C r o i t o Sl>elnanciqs.:, V Q ~ . 5, ;1.'5, pp 5-9,

: I s i y i ~ n , Lee, 3964, Icarst topography o : ~ s t q - n z n t glacicrt;. 5 . C l e c i o l . , Vol. 5, # 37, py. 107-112. -

:zll, C:,B. 1878. Hcnains of l a t e r prehistoric m a 1 ebtaincd from caves in t he Cztherina A r c h i p z l a ~ o , Alaska Ter r i t o ry ~ n d especially frca thc Caves of the A l c u t i m Islank.

;rigc;s, R.F. 1922. Thc valley of t h e 10,000 smokes, t!eshinston, Nationel Ceogrzphic Society.

!;;.ck~:~t~, Hnhert J. 1349, Spcleology in southcr t s tc rn Alaska, Bull. Gat.. Spele~lo~ical Society , Vol. 11, pp. t 1-16.

Lodge, Ed::in T. 1944. Lir;lcstoncs o f t h e 12acif*ic Korth1:1cst. Bonnevil lc Poi:er ACninj. r?.Crc?.tiu~l Uiv, of Snd11:;triel & I:cr,courc~:; U c v a l ~ ~ m r 3 . : ~ t. 104 pp.

i o v ~ y , Iloracc C, 1662. Celebrated Xr:,esicac C z v o n s . pp. 44-46.

:~.dlic;:i.i~, Alp:;, 1941. 2 x ~ l o r s t i o : 1 of Plum::$ Gi:t'cs in t h ~ k l e u t i c n I z l c c ~ d s . S c i . Ido, , Val., 52, pi), 5-23; 113-130.

iue::eJ.l, I z r z c l C, 7c,37. Glzcierz of X o r t l ~ Aws1:ic.a. Uozton, Cin:i L Co. Also see 3. Gcol* VoLm 1.

jpr inc, l!orna, 1967. Fros )!one to toaorrox. S e a t t l c Tirncs Sunday lJ,',e,-. Scpt . 24, pp. 10-1 1.

!y s i n c c r c th~rdkr, to Chmlcs Pease Jr for b F i r , ~ i r . ~ tJlc fir C l i c k s r e fc rence t o r:c ~ t t ~ c ~ t i o l : .

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i: U.. S DEPA?TI'r<Eb!i 03 !STK.?,23

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&ONF\IE\flL1_E PO!'JEFI 29% l?:1S-,-b3L-~:.3N

Coastal Alaskan Limestone T c r r e i n ( ~ c u thcrn Alaska)

1, S c l d o v i a , Kenai Peninsulc?, r.arth sllorc, 2. Port C r a l ~ n : , ~ (3ay), Kcmi PcninsuLa. 3. Cp.?e 3ichiin Cment , ;(;.irble P o i n t , Russe l l Fiord, Yekutat Bay. 4. Glacicr Bay. 5. Cerfiors B ~ J , on icili-nland, ecl;s t s i d e of L)lln Canal. 6 . F o r t Snct tisham, 011 nairnlznd eazt of bdn i r a l t y Island, 7. Nridcs P o i n t , north ara of Port Sncttisham. 8. , / h i t i n t . River, head of P a r t Snef tisham, 9. Tracey .2rn, extension of IIolkl~a~n Bay.

10. Fords T e r r o r , north' branc!! of Endicott A r m , I f , Paties Cliicier , head of Z c d i c o t t ,hn. 12. Ihrblc Cove, Chzik Jay, Pybus 2p.7 2c E m b i e r Gay, Adrairalty Ialand. 13. .Id;:iral ty Ss l znd , op1:osite Tienr~kec Inlet . ..

4 0 14. Presl~:.:at,~?r 3.2~ Chiczgof Island. 15. : ' ,~+ ; :~c t Ezy , C:?ic,?,of Isl;?nd. 16. Iizr?)c.~~ t (.;L'&Ycs i ~ l ; ~ . ~ . r l , ,,i+;: of G i l i . ~ ? j o f I n h n l in 2 i l l i s b u ~ y Sound. 1 7 . Tl:.>z!c7 +S U2.y, r,;~.in 1;. r:d t;;. s 4 of I , l . ~ ; l l - i ~ ~ . o f 1:; l~u:d.

7 A la+ i i r : . g i l L ~ ~ ~ ? A J , A - - : ~ i > ~ h ~ ~ p : ~ T l . : l ~ l l l ,

19. 3;u;?cc::1 C:i:1;:2 , ~:;liil:, A r j n , ;ir;prct! .-.oi I s l z c ~ d , 29. : , i l i a Icls:~rl in Lc:{n Stzaif . 2 1 , 2ci~.usl?rc, 3 : 2 : ~ , ~ ~ d c Is 1,-nri, i,ull-~ Zs l rnd , 22. Sc;;ins.:r 3xy , P a i n t Coi-'lq.ti>1-J.i~ ,::;4 I"cr.i!:cula, Kuiu f s land, 23. m!z~ : : ,p l l I s ~ z ~ I ~ , :!?,.I 1~Ld:A <:#: .L 5~;*.,i f ?LC]-d G ! L ~ 1 1 ; ~ : l in z;:j.~ls,!:,.$- ?i t+ l 0 x k ~ 'iirsin ; -a , czt;t uf .i~::,~;;clL. 2>+ Ccorgz A r a , Carroll T n l e t a!ld 'l'ilcrnc ~ k n , ;:clri llzgixcda Island, 26. S c r e z n Islr~cli and Kasq<::lroC ;;,-nup, C l r k r m c e Strait. 27. C A 7 a 7 i n s Izland in CI?.;.z::cc Strsit. 23. X-s~.;in, P r i n c e of ;;ales klmd. 27. Cloliar 3ay, Prince of 1iial.cs Island. 39. C?.=_l~:o::i!clcy Sound, P r i n c e of ,:sics Island. 31, C c l o . x i , P7:lnce of i i ~ l e ; S , s l a n d , 32. Dic!<ns:~ k y , itiois-a :;oul:rl ( A ~ u r t l ~ ai'x), Sli,dr;u.oc!c lnlct (south a r r~ ) ,

t"rj.~ir:e of :;ales Ir;laq.nd. 33. Z u t t a I i l l c ~ , Su lxc r (hir;J of' inlet), C O I ; J ; ~ ~ ;d:ountain ( c , : ~ t s i d e o f i n l c t ) ,

M

P z i s c e of Llales Isl;:.nd, 34, §an B l b e r t o Bay, oppos i t e Klns;zI<, Pr ince of ilales S s l a - d ,

8 ,$ 35. L Q ~ O : ~ Z : < :lay, e<ir;t sick of 'iCI1:c;.k:an P;ssa~.c, Princc of h*Fzlcs .Islar,d. 25. ;:,-rbLe Gsvc, Ccl.kr x t i o i i , c o r t h uf S11ir;ilen. 37. Labourchazc Bay, F r i n c e of ,l?.lcr, Island, Post Protcc t i on . 38. i 'o in t D a X c c , .Prir.ce of >!ales t s l z d . 33. lied Zay, hcad of Yrince of ile?,~s Island, /10. A;l!;e;kc t t , rLosciusco Is1;rnd. 4 3 . Sl:~.kze!l h y , ?;.1'rn?-\l I'c~.k, kcr:;ci:tsco f s 1ar.d. 4 2. L J ~ H z 31y, :;ou:h:ws: si lorc, .Yoscis;co I s l m d . 43. :.:~lrtlc . lsI -.:;..I, Us.rii ;~;oa I:ilet, Toac,:t\, sc!:th of I;osc:?~.~co Jsl.c?ird.

, . 46:. G r . r 7:;1::;:.1, all;!, Iicof , 6rci3n ;. I,! O.t1. 1 r ; l - nds , '!.?f,t.czn ;Cozcivr;co a>lJ.

IJp< ,:< 2 0:- ,':-lu.> 1:; L: -,,: i 5 : I " 5 ::. ::: bd L ::r A{;-?!i.$.

i15. ' r ; i ~~kf l i l L:jl~:ld, nor111 s i c h .

S br?,'3lcy Island in Tuxekan Passage. : i ~ c ? t s I s l ~ f i R . Dcrrier ;.lid i i a ~ : i d l 'slzndt; , in Cordova Bay, be tiieelr Prince of \ l a leu

IsPe!~d at id Dall Island. Long Island. ils..Lcn 7iLlage to ; . I~ tc r fz l l Y i y , jr,~zlZ. Island. V i c t r Cove, Dall Island. Crecxy Bay in 'illcv& S t r a i t . Ilivt:r Islami, in P~nssag!: off D a l l Islsnd. Capc Lookout, Uall Islznd. Ilsterfall. 3ay a : ~ d Capc t lu~ust inc, Pall Island. Port Uazan, Uall Islacd.