cell families

Cell families

Welcome to the Cell families card gameThis game is designed for use with 12-14 year olds, as part of a discussion about types of stem cells. It introduces students to the concepts of multipotency in tissue stem cells, and pluripotency in embryonic stem cells.

Download Discover stem cells at www.eurostemcell.org/resources (available Spring 2011)

1. Print the eight familes of cards on pages 2 to 9 and use them to make two packs of cards. You will need one pack of cards per group of four students.

2. For older or high-ability students, you could include the additional cell families on pages 11 and 12. This introduces the idea that stem cells have a range of potencies: some can make many kinds of specialized cells, whilst others make only one specialized cell type.

3. The Cell families student instruction sheet explains how to play the game. Print one copy for each group of students.

4. We suggest you use this game as part of Discover stem cells, a 50- to 60-minute lesson that introduces basic stem cell concepts to 12–14 year olds. This lesson will be available in spring 2011.

5. Note on scientific content: The pancreatic stem cell is still controversial among scientists. The lung cell types illustrated here are well established in the mouse, but less so in humans.

http://www.eurostemcell.org/resources

Blood cell familyRed blood cell: Carries oxygen around the body

Blood cell familyB cell: Type of white blood cell that makes antibodies to fight infection

Blood cell familyMacrophage: Type of white blood cell that fights disease by eating germs

Blood cell familyBlood stem cell: Self-renews and makes blood cells

Blood cell familyRed blood cell: Carries oxygen around the body

Blood cell familyB Cell: Type of white blood cell that makes antibodies to fight infection

Blood cell familyMacrophage: Type of white blood cell that fights disease by eating germs

Blood cell familyBlood stem cell: Self-renews and makes blood cells

Stem cell Specialized cells

This family contains:















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www.eurostemcell.org www.eurostemcell.org www.eurostemcell.org www.eurostemcell.org


Gut cell familyGoblet cell: Releases mucus to help food slide through your gut


Gut cell familyEndocrine cell: Makes hormones your gut needs


Gut cell familyPaneth cell: Protects your gut from bacteria in food


Gut cell familyGut stem cell: Self-renews and makes gut cells


Stem cell Specialized cells Stem cell Specialized cells Stem cell Specialized cells Stem cell Specialized cells

This family contains: This family contains: This family contains:This family contains:

Gut cell familyGoblet cell: Releases mucus to help food slide through your gut

Gut cell familyEndocrine cell: Makes hormones your gut needs

Gut cell familyPaneth cell: Protects your gut from bacteria in food

Gut cell familyGut stem cell: Self-renews and makes gut cells

This family contains: This family contains; This family contains:This family contains:

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Skin cell familyBasal layer cell: Forms the base of your skin’s outer layer

Skin cell familySpinous layer cell: Forms the middle part of your skin’s outer layer

Skin cell familyGranular layer cell: Lies very near the surface of your skin

Skin cell familySkin stem cell: Self-renews and makes skin cells




Skin cell familyBasal layer cell: Forms the base of your skin’s outer layer

Skin cell familySpinous layer cell: Forms the middle part of your skin’s outer layer

Skin cell familyGranular layer cell: Lies very near the surface of your skin

Skin cell familySkin stem cell: Self-renews and makes skin cells


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Brain cell familyNeuron: Carries signals that help you touch, see, hear, smell or move


Brain cell familyOligodendrocyte: Wraps around other nerve cells to insulate them


Brain cell familyAstroctye: Helps keep other nerve cells healthy or repair damage


Brain cell familyBrain stem cell: Self-renews and makes brain cells





Brain cell familyNeuron: Carries signals that help you touch, see, hear, smell or move

Brain cell familyOligodendrocyte: Wraps around other nerve cells to insulate them

Brain cell familyAstroctye: Helps keep other nerve cells healthy or repair damage

Brain cell familyBrain stem cell: Self-renews and makes brain cells

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Lung cell familyCiliated cell: Helps clear mucous from your lung

Lung cell familyGoblet cell: Produces mucous and fights infection in your lung

Lung cell familyClara cell: Helps fight infection in your lung

Lung cell familyLung stem cell: Self-renews and makes lung cells









Stem cell Specialized cells Stem cell Specialized cellsStem cell Specialized cells Stem cell Specialized cells

Lung cell familyCiliated cell: Helps clear mucous from your lung

Lung cell familyGoblet cell: Produces mucous and fights infection in your lung

Lung cell familyClara cell: Helps fight infection in your lung

Lung cell familyLung stem cell: Self-renews and makes lung cells

This family contains: This family contains:This family contains: This family contains:

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Pancreas cell familyAcinar cell: Makes enzymes to help digest food

Pancreas cell familyDuct cell: Helps carry enzymes to the gut

Pancreas cell familyBeta cell: Makes insulin

Pancreas cell familyPancreatic stem cell: Self-renews and makes pancreas cells










Pancreas cell familyAcinar cell: Makes enzymes to help digest food

Pancreas cell familyDuct cell: Helps carry enzymes to the gut

Pancreas cell familyBeta cell: Makes insulin

Pancreas cell familyPancreatic stem cell: Self-renews and makes pancreas cells


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Retina cell familyPhotoreceptor: Catches light

Retina cell familyMüller cell: Helps keep nerve cells inthe eye healthy and working properly

Retina cell familyRetinal ganglion cell: Sends a signal from the eye to the brain

Retina cell familyRetinal stem cell: Self-renews and makes retina cells










Retina cell familyPhotoreceptor: Catches light

Retina cell familyMüller cell: Helps keep nerve cells inthe eye healthy and working properly

Retina cell familyRetinal ganglion cell: Sends a signal from the eye to the brain

Retina cell familyRetinal stem cell: Self-renews and makes retina cells


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Embryonic stem cell familyMany different specialized cells



Embryonic stem cell familyEmbryonic stem cell: Can make all the different cells of the body




Embryonic stem cell familyEmbryonic stem cell: Can make all the different cells of the body

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Cell families: extension

A challenge for older or high-ability students

The two cell families on the following pages – muscle and liver – offer a chance to extend this game for older students. Multipotent stem cells can’t in reality always make exactly three kinds of specialized cells. We have made families of four cards for simplicity, but in fact the potency of stem cells varies – some multipotent stem cells can make more kinds of specialized cells than others. Unipotent stem cells also exist: stem cells that only make one type of specialized cell.

For older or very able pupils, add the muscle and liver families to allow discussion of the range of potencies of stem cells.

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Muscle cell familyMuscle fibre: Works together with other muscle fibres to form a muscle

Muscle cell familyMuscle stem cell: Self-renews and makes muscle cells

Stem cell Specialized cell


Stem cell Specialized cell


Stem cell Specialized cell Stem cell Specialized cell

Muscle cell familyMuscle fibre: Works together with other muscle fibres to form a muscle

Muscle cell familyMuscle stem cell: Self-renews and makes muscle cells

This family contains:This family contains:

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www.eurostemcell.org www.eurostemcell.org

www.eurostemcell.org www.eurostemcell.org

Liver cell familyHepatocyte: Removes waste from the blood, makes proteins, helps digestion

Liver cell familyBiliary cell: Helps carry bile from the liver to the gut, to digest fats in food

Liver cell familyLiver stem cell: Self-renews and makes liver cells





Stem cell Specialized cells Stem cell Specialized cells Stem cell Specialized cells

Liver cell familyHepatocyte: Removes waste from the blood, makes proteins, helps digestion

Liver cell familyBiliary cell: Helps carry bile from the liver to the gut, to digest fats in food

Liver cell familyLiver stem cell: Self-renews and makes liver cells

This family contains: This family contains:This family contains:



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www.eurostemcell.org www.eurostemcell.org www.eurostemcell.org

www.eurostemcell.org www.eurostemcell.org www.eurostemcell.org

Cell families: Card list

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Blood cell familyBlood stem cellRed blood cellB cellMacrophage

Gut cell familyGut stem cellGoblet cellEndocrine cellPaneth cell

Skin cell familySkin stem cellBasal layer cellSpinous layer cellGranular layer cell

Brain cell familyBrain stem cellNeuronOligodendrocyteAstrocyte

Lung cell familyLung stem cellCiliated cellGoblet cellClara cell

Pancreas cell familyPancreatic stem cellAcinar cellDuct cellBeta cell

Retina cell familyRetinal stem cellPhotoreceptorMüller cellRetinal ganglion cell

Embryonic stem cell familyEmbryonic stem cellMany different specialized cells (3 different cards)

Muscle cell familyMuscle stem cellMuscle fibre

Liver cell familyLiver stem cellHepatocyteBiliary cell

Cell families: Credits

FundersThe development of Cell families was funded by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme Project EuroSyStem.

AuthorsCell families was designed by Emma Kemp on behalf of EuroSyStem, and was developed and piloted in close collaboration with Ian Chambers of the MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Edinburgh. It is part of Discover stem cells, a lesson for 12-14 year olds created by Ian Chambers and Emma Kemp. Acknowledgements• Ingrid Heersche, Scientific Communications Officer of the MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Edinburgh

helped generate ideas and provided useful advice and support.• Shona Reid, her colleagues and students at the James Young High School, Livingston, Scotland, participated in pilots and

offered helpful advice and feedback.• Helen Wallace and Huw Jones of the University of Edinburgh helped pilot the materials.• Many scientists and colleagues offered advice on the scientific content of this game: Yvan Arsenijevic, Yann Barrandon, Nick

Barker, Valentina Castiglioni, Elena Cattaneo, Michele De Luca, Adam Giangreco, Christèle Gonneau, David Hay, Harry Heimberg, Valentina Lo Sardo, Melissa Maggioni, Didier Montarras, Gianni Munizza, Emmanuelle Savioz-Dayer, Shahragim Tajbakhsh.

• Melissa Magionni translated the content into Italian.

Picture creditsThanks to Shahragim Tajbakhsh, Institut Pasteur, France for permission to reproduce the muscle cell drawing.

PermissionsThis work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.

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http://www.eurosystemproject.eu/

http://www.eurosystemproject.eu/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

cell families

Documents

gut cell familygoblet

bodyblood cell familyb

cell familieswelcome

pancreatic stem cell

specialized cell type

basic stem cell concepts

additional cell families

lung cell types