cell growth and division when we grow up, what’s really happening to our cells?
DESCRIPTION
Cell Growth Cells can only grow to a certain size before they have to divide. An adult and a baby have the same size of cells. Adults just have more cells. Your body makes about 24,000,000,000 new cells each day. Life is made of cells videoTRANSCRIPT
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Cell Growth and Division
When we grow up, what’s really happening to our cells?
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Cell Growth and Division
Do we grow by getting more cells?
Or do the cells we already have get bigger?
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Cell Growth
• Cells can only grow to a certain size before they have to divide.
• An adult and a baby have the same size of cells. Adults just have more cells.
• Your body makes about 24,000,000,000 new cells each day.
Life is made of cells video
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Why can’t cells just get bigger?
There are two reasons that cells have to divide as they grow.
1- DNA overload2- Exchanging materials
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DNA Overload• The bigger cells
get, the harder it is for DNA to be used by the entire cell.
• Like a small town library as the town grows bigger.
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Exchanging materials• The cell membrane
has to transfer items in and out of the cell.
• As the cell grows, the volume increases faster than the surface area does.
• Like the roads leading into or out of a town.
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The cell cycle
• The cell cycle (life cycle of a cell) has 4 main parts:– G1 phase– S phase– G2 phase– M phase
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The cell cycle
• Anytime the cell is not dividing, it is in Interphase– During interphase the
cell grows, copies its DNA, and gets ready to divide.
• M phase is when the cell divides
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Cell Division• During cell division
the cell actually divides into two identical cells.
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Mitosis• Mitosis has 4 parts:1- Prophase2- Metaphase3- Anaphase4- Telophase
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1- Prophase
• During Prophase:– Chromosomes
condense and become visible.
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1- Prophase– Centrioles
move to the poles of the cell.
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1- Prophase
– The nuclear envelope breaks down.
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2- Metaphase
• During Metaphase, the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
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3- Anaphase
• During anaphase, the chromosomes split apart and move to opposite sides of the cell.
• Anaphase continues until the chromosomes stop moving.
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4- Telophase
• Chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of chromatin.
• The nuclear envelope reforms around the two sets of chromatin.
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Mitosis
• Mitosis is now complete!
• Remember:Mitosis:1- Prophase2- Metaphase3- Anaphase4- Telophase
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Quiz time!!!
Which part of mitosis does each of the following pictures represent?
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