Cell Types

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Specialisation increases the ability of an organism to carry out complex tasks

Some tasks can be completed better by some cells than others.

Cell specialisation

Generalised cells can divide and specialise (eg meristem cells in plants & stem cells in animals)

Specialised cells have specific structure and function, eg epithelial cells, muscle cells

Active cells have more mitochondria, eg animal cells have more than plant cells

Connective tissue

Red blood cellsNo organelles (“dead”)

Adipose tissueFat-storage cells

Epithelia – linings & covers

Goblet cells – secrete mucous

Muscles cells

Need lots of energy so have lots of mitochondria

Liver cellsLi

ver ce

llwith

lots

of

mitoc

hond

ria

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Key Words

Quick Quiz

Key words• Animal cell• Plant cell• Active cells• Mitochondria• Epithelium• Muscle • Nervous tissue• Connective tissue

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Quick quizTrue / False?

1. Animal cells usually have more mitochondria than plant

2. Centrioles are only found in plant cells

3. Plant cells have a large vacuole

4. Chloroplasts are found in all photosynthesising plant cells

5. Plant cell walls prevent cells bursting

6. Animal cells lose water when placed in pure water

7. Plant cells undergo plasmolysis when placed in pure water

8. Active cells (eg muscle & liver) contain many mitochondria

9. Red blood cells are animal cells so they have a nucleus

10. Goblet cells produce mucous

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Answers

Quick quizTrue / False?

1. Animal cells usually have more mitochondria than plant T

2. Centrioles are only found in plant cells F

3. Plant cells have a large vacuole T

4. Chloroplasts are found in all photosynthesising plant cells T

5. Plant cell walls prevent cells bursting T

6. Animal cells lose water when placed in pure water F

7. Plant cells undergo plasmolysis when placed in pure water F

8. Active cells (eg muscle & liver) contain many mitochondria T

9. Red blood cells are animal cells so they have a nucleus F

10. Goblet cells produce mucous T

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