center for the arts university towson university benjamin mitten spring 2005 benjamin mitten...

center for the artscenter for the artsto

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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005

Benjamin Mitten

Lighting/ElectricalSpring 2005

center for the artsto

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Architectural Engineering


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Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

Introduction To The BuildingIntroduction To The Building

Lighting DepthLighting Depth

- Paint Studio- Paint Studio

- Lobby- Lobby

Controls DepthControls Depth

Mechanical BreadthMechanical Breadth


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LocationLocationCenter for the ArtsCenter for the Arts

Towson UniversityTowson University

7815 Osler Drive7815 Osler Drive

Towson, MD 21252Towson, MD 21252

Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion


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General InformationGeneral Information

- Renovation of Existing Building- Renovation of Existing Building- 122,000 sf addition onto the existing 166,000 sf building.- 122,000 sf addition onto the existing 166,000 sf building.

- Total project budget of $42 million- Total project budget of $42 million

- Major Project Team- Major Project Team

--Owner: Towson UniversityOwner: Towson University

-Architects: Design Collective, Inc.-Architects: Design Collective, Inc.

Wilson Butler LodgeWilson Butler Lodge

- Construction Manager: Gilbane- Construction Manager: Gilbane

- MEP: Mueller Associates, Inc.- MEP: Mueller Associates, Inc.

- - Structural: Delon Hampton & Assoc.Structural: Delon Hampton & Assoc.

- Occupants of the Building- Occupants of the Building- Dance Program- Dance Program

- Art Program- Art Program

- Music Program- Music Program

- Theatre Program- Theatre Program

IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Conclusion


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Building LayoutBuilding Layout



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- Lobby- Lobby




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Paint Paint StudioStudio

IntroIntro Paint StudioPaint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Conclusion

Paint StudioPaint StudioLocation: 4Location: 4thth Floor of the North-East Section of the building. Floor of the North-East Section of the building.

Space Characteristics:Space Characteristics:- Approximately 2100 sf.- Approximately 2100 sf.- North wall consists of a glazed curtain wall- North wall consists of a glazed curtain wall- Exposed ceiling at a height of 14’-6”- Exposed ceiling at a height of 14’-6”- Floor Easels in the space- Floor Easels in the space


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Paint StudioPaint Studio

TasksTasks

- Painting- Objects, Figures, Human Figures, etc.- Painting- Objects, Figures, Human Figures, etc.

- Pin- ups/ Presentations- Pin- ups/ Presentations

- Film Presentations- Film Presentations

Design CriteriaDesign Criteria

- Provide light for correct color appearance and - Provide light for correct color appearance and contrastcontrast

- Lighting for facial modeling and objects- Lighting for facial modeling and objects

- Distribution of light on easels- Distribution of light on easels

- Illuminance of 50 fc horizontally and 30 fc - Illuminance of 50 fc horizontally and 30 fc verticallyvertically

- Achieve a clear appearance- Achieve a clear appearance

- Power Density of 1.2 Watts/SF- Power Density of 1.2 Watts/SF



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SolutionSolution

54 Watt Indirect Fluorescent Pendent Fixture with 54 Watt Indirect Fluorescent Pendent Fixture with electrical electrical track on underside track on underside

90 Watt Spot light on track90 Watt Spot light on track



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The power density is above the recommended ASHRAE/IES The power density is above the recommended ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 value of 1.2 Watts/ Square Foot. Redesigning Standard 90.1 value of 1.2 Watts/ Square Foot. Redesigning would be necessary to reduce this in the space.would be necessary to reduce this in the space.


Power Density Calculation

Luminaire Type # of Luminaires Input Watts/Fixture Total Watts

A 41 61 2501

B 7 90 630

Square Feet of Room 2100

Power Density (W/sf) 1.49


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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005IntroIntro Paint StudioPaint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Lobby Controls Mechanical

Conclusion Conclusion


RenderingsRenderings


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- Lobby- Lobby



ConclusionConclusion


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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005IntroIntro Paint Studio Paint Studio LobbyLobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Controls Mechanical Conclusion

LobbyLobby

LobbyLobbyLocation: 3Location: 3rdrd Floor, center of the building Floor, center of the building

Space Characteristics:Space Characteristics:- Approximately 4800 sf.- Approximately 4800 sf.- Cantilevered awnings over the entrances - Cantilevered awnings over the entrances of four major spaces; of four major spaces; Concert Hall, Main Stage Concert Hall, Main Stage Theatre, Recital Hall, Studio TheatreTheatre, Recital Hall, Studio Theatre- Finished Stone Floor- Finished Stone Floor


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LobbyLobby

TasksTasks

- Circulation space – provides access to the Concert Hall, - Circulation space – provides access to the Concert Hall, Recital Recital Hall, Main Stage Theatre, and the Studio Theatre. It also Hall, Main Stage Theatre, and the Studio Theatre. It also

services the corridors to areas such as the Fine Arts Box services the corridors to areas such as the Fine Arts Box Office and Painting GalleriesOffice and Painting Galleries

- Social Gathering- Social Gathering

- Reading- Reading

Design CriteriaDesign Criteria

- Most important space in the building- Most important space in the building

- Provide a visibly pleasing atmosphere- Provide a visibly pleasing atmosphere

- Achieve a relaxed, spacious, and public appearance- Achieve a relaxed, spacious, and public appearance

- Draw people towards areas of interest- Draw people towards areas of interest

- Power Density of 1.6 Watts/ SF- Power Density of 1.6 Watts/ SF

IntroIntro Paint Studio Paint Studio LobbyLobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Controls Mechanical Conclusion


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LobbyLobby

SolutionSolution

32 Watt Fluorescent Strip light for cove lighting32 Watt Fluorescent Strip light for cove lighting

42 Watt Compact Fluorescent Downlight42 Watt Compact Fluorescent Downlight

18 Watt Compact Fluorescent Downlight18 Watt Compact Fluorescent Downlight

Neon Light Tubes for accentNeon Light Tubes for accent

Provide different “scenes” for different eventsProvide different “scenes” for different events



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LobbyLobby

The power density is below the recommended ASHRAE/IES The power density is below the recommended ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 value of 1.6 Watts/ Square Foot.Standard 90.1 value of 1.6 Watts/ Square Foot.

Power Density Calculation

Luminaire Type # of Luminaires Watts/Fixture Total Watts

A 54 34 1836

B 81 42 3402

C 57 18 1026

D 4 8.31 33.24

Square Feet of Room 4800

Power Density (W/sf) 1.31



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LobbyLobby

RenderingsRenderings


Concert Hall SceneConcert Hall SceneMain Stage Theatre SceneMain Stage Theatre SceneRecital Hall SceneRecital Hall SceneStudio Theatre SceneStudio Theatre Scene


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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005IntroIntro Paint Studio Paint Studio LobbyLobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Controls Mechanical Conclusion

LobbyLobby

Other scenes providedOther scenes provided

- Egress scene- Egress scene

IES Illumination RecommendationsIES Illumination Recommendations

Lobby – 10 footcandlesLobby – 10 footcandles

Illuminance values for scenesIlluminance values for scenes

Egress scene- 9.9 fc Egress scene- 9.9 fc OKOK

All other scenes- all were around 28 fc All other scenes- all were around 28 fc OKOK


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- Lobby- Lobby





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ControlsControlsMost of the energy consumption in a commercial building comes from Most of the energy consumption in a commercial building comes from lighting.lighting.

IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Paint Studio Lobby ControlsControls Mechanical Conclusion Mechanical Conclusion


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ControlsControls

Analyze an advanced digital control system on the 3Analyze an advanced digital control system on the 3rdrd floor of floor of the the buildingbuilding

Assumptions made in-order to perform the analysisAssumptions made in-order to perform the analysis

- System will examine the Linear Fluorescent Fixtures - System will examine the Linear Fluorescent Fixtures onlyonly

- The system will cause a 10% reduction in lighting - The system will cause a 10% reduction in lighting energy energy (expected to be more than assumed value) (expected to be more than assumed value)

- Compact Fluorescent fixtures will be connected to the - Compact Fluorescent fixtures will be connected to the system at a later time ( CF ballasts are not compatible system at a later time ( CF ballasts are not compatible

at this at this time) time)



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ControlsControls

Type of controls used in spacesType of controls used in spaces

- - Photocells (Daylight Control)Photocells (Daylight Control)

- Automated Occupant Control- Automated Occupant Control

- Occupancy Sensors (Manual Dimming and Shut-off)- Occupancy Sensors (Manual Dimming and Shut-off)

- Single Standard Switch (with indicating light)- Single Standard Switch (with indicating light)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Daylight Harvesting Automated Occupant

Control

Manual Dimming No Control Single Switch Special Control

Controls In Percentage of Total Rooms on 3rd Floor



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ControlsControls

Use of the systemUse of the system

- Up to 64 Ballasts on a power supply- Up to 64 Ballasts on a power supply

- Each ballast is digitally programmed to - Each ballast is digitally programmed to respond/”speak” to respond/”speak” to certain control sensors. Photocells, certain control sensors. Photocells, etc.etc.

- Reprogramming an entire floor is easy and does not - Reprogramming an entire floor is easy and does not need to need to be rewired. (Extremely practical for open office use be rewired. (Extremely practical for open office use where where reconfiguration of the space may occur) reconfiguration of the space may occur)

- Each ballast in the power supply loop can respond to - Each ballast in the power supply loop can respond to any any sensor in the loop sensor in the loop

- Easily reprogrammable- Easily reprogrammable

- Sensors simply plug into ballasts- Sensors simply plug into ballasts


Connection Connection from direct from direct componentscomponents


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ControlsControls

Control Loop CircuitsControl Loop Circuits

- 27 control - 27 control loopsloops

- exclusion of - exclusion of

Lobby, Concert Lobby, Concert Hall, Recital Hall, Recital

Hall, Hall, Main Stage Main Stage

Theatre, and Main Theatre, and Main Studio Studio

Theatre.Theatre.



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ControlsControls

The initial cost savings of the advanced system is approximately $29,000The initial cost savings of the advanced system is approximately $29,000


1 Lamp Ballasts 2 Lamp Ballast 3 Lamp BallastsOccupancy

SensorsIR & Personal

ControlBudget

CostTotal Cost

Quantit

y CostQuantit

y CostQuantit

y CostQuantit

y CostQuantit

y Cost

RegularSystem 200 $99 839 $99 657 $139 42 $120 91

$53.30 - $204,074

AdvanceSystem - - - - - - - - - -

$175,200 $175,200


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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Paint Studio Lobby ControlsControls Mechanical Conclusion Mechanical Conclusion

Cost analysis for 10% energy reduction.Cost analysis for 10% energy reduction.

Analysis is for the MOST EXTREME CASE with the lights on, 18 hours a Analysis is for the MOST EXTREME CASE with the lights on, 18 hours a day, 7 days a week, 52 weeks a year.day, 7 days a week, 52 weeks a year.

Cost savings per year is approximately $5,000.Cost savings per year is approximately $5,000.- Cost savings will increase if the system is implemented - Cost savings will increase if the system is implemented

throughout the entire buildingthroughout the entire building- Cost difference decreases as hours, days and weeks are - Cost difference decreases as hours, days and weeks are

reduced.reduced.

Total KW

UsedCost Per

Hour Hours/Day Days/Week Weeks/Year Cost Per Year

Full Watt Output of the System 124 $8.66 18 7 52 $56,736

10% Reduction in Energy Consumption 111 $7.79 18 7 52 $51,062


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ControlsControls

Major AdvantagesMajor Advantages

- easy ballast replacement and no reprogramming- easy ballast replacement and no reprogramming

- easy installation and connection of sensors- easy installation and connection of sensors

- sensors are easily added as needed- sensors are easily added as needed

- extreme savings in the initial cost as well as annual - extreme savings in the initial cost as well as annual savingssavings

- gives control of individual spaces to users if desired - gives control of individual spaces to users if desired which which improves comfort and in-turn increases improves comfort and in-turn increases productivenessproductiveness



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- Lobby- Lobby





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MechanicalMechanicalAddition of a Heat Recovery Unit on a 100% OA existing air handling unit.Addition of a Heat Recovery Unit on a 100% OA existing air handling unit.

The Enthalpy Wheel Efficiency for this analysis is assumed to be The Enthalpy Wheel Efficiency for this analysis is assumed to be

80 %80 %

The indoor and outdoor air conditions for Baltimore Maryland are shown The indoor and outdoor air conditions for Baltimore Maryland are shown in the tables below.in the tables below.

Outdoor Air Conditions for Baltimore MD.

Temp (Dry Bulb)

Temp (Wet Bulb) Enthalpy Density

ºF ºF btu/lb lb/ft^3

93 75 38.41 0.07

IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Controls Paint Studio Lobby Controls MechanicalMechanical Conclusion Conclusion

Indoor Air Conditions

Temp Enthalpy Humidity Ratio Density

ºF btu/lb gr/lb lb/ft^3

75 28.14 64.89 0.073


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MechanicalMechanicalThe exhaust air for heat recovery is not constant air volume so a maximum and The exhaust air for heat recovery is not constant air volume so a maximum and minimum amount of recoverable heat is determined off of cross flow ratios. The minimum amount of recoverable heat is determined off of cross flow ratios. The Maximum cross flow was determined to be 48,000 cfm. The minimum cross flow was Maximum cross flow was determined to be 48,000 cfm. The minimum cross flow was determined to be 15,500 cfm.determined to be 15,500 cfm.



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MechanicalMechanical



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MechanicalMechanicalThe design for the new AHU will be designed for 15,500 cfm. The table below The design for the new AHU will be designed for 15,500 cfm. The table below shows the Coil Load reduction and the reduction of energy. The reduction of the shows the Coil Load reduction and the reduction of energy. The reduction of the coil is approximately 16%. coil is approximately 16%.

Coil Analysis

Supply Air Enthalpy

Coil Load (max)

Coil Load (Min)

Coil Load (no recovery)

btu/lb Tons Tons Tons

22.00 231.12 34.51 275.69



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- Lobby- Lobby





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RecommendationsRecommendations

- The lighting design in the Paint Studio should be redesigned - The lighting design in the Paint Studio should be redesigned to meet the Power Density requirementsto meet the Power Density requirements

- The lighting design in the lobby parallels the design criteria- The lighting design in the lobby parallels the design criteria

- The advanced control system should be implemented - The advanced control system should be implemented through out the whole buildingthrough out the whole building

- An energy wheel should be added to the existing AHU to - An energy wheel should be added to the existing AHU to reduce coil size and save energyreduce coil size and save energy



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AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

AE Department and FacultyAE Department and Faculty

TA EngineeringTA Engineering

Alan ZemlaAlan Zemla

Jim MooreJim Moore

Mueller Associates, Inc.Mueller Associates, Inc.

Todd Garing and Ken RockTodd Garing and Ken Rock

Towson UniversityTowson University

Dennis BohlayerDennis Bohlayer

Lutron Electronic Company, Inc.Lutron Electronic Company, Inc.

Family and FriendsFamily and Friends


Questions?Questions?

center for the arts university towson university benjamin mitten spring 2005 benjamin mitten...

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