center for the arts university towson university · center for the arts towson university benjamin...

center for the artscenter for the artsto

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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005

Benjamin Mitten

Lighting/ElectricalSpring 2005

center for the artsto

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Architectural Engineering


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Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

Introduction To The BuildingIntroduction To The Building

Lighting DepthLighting Depth

-- Paint StudioPaint Studio

-- LobbyLobby

Controls DepthControls Depth

Mechanical BreadthMechanical Breadth


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LocationLocationCenter for the ArtsCenter for the Arts

Towson UniversityTowson University

7815 7815 OslerOsler DriveDrive

Towson, MD 21252Towson, MD 21252

Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical ConclusionPaint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion


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General InformationGeneral Information

-- Renovation of Existing BuildingRenovation of Existing Building-- 122,000 122,000 sfsf addition onto the existing 166,000 addition onto the existing 166,000 sfsf building.building.

-- Total project budget of $42 millionTotal project budget of $42 million

-- Major Project TeamMajor Project Team

--Owner: Towson UniversityOwner: Towson University

--Architects: Design Collective, Inc.Architects: Design Collective, Inc.

Wilson Butler LodgeWilson Butler Lodge

-- Construction Manager: Construction Manager: GilbaneGilbane

-- MEP: Mueller Associates, Inc.MEP: Mueller Associates, Inc.

-- Structural: Delon Hampton & Assoc.Structural: Delon Hampton & Assoc.

-- Occupants of the BuildingOccupants of the Building

-- Dance ProgramDance Program

-- Art ProgramArt Program

-- Music ProgramMusic Program

-- Theatre ProgramTheatre Program

IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical ConclusionPaint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion


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Building LayoutBuilding Layout

IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical ConclusionPaint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion


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-- LobbyLobby




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Paint StudioPaint Studio

IntroIntro Paint StudioPaint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion

Paint StudioPaint StudioLocation: 4Location: 4thth Floor of the NorthFloor of the North--East Section of the building.East Section of the building.

Space Characteristics:Space Characteristics:-- Approximately 2100 Approximately 2100 sfsf..-- North wall consists of a glazed curtain wallNorth wall consists of a glazed curtain wall-- Exposed ceiling at a height of 14Exposed ceiling at a height of 14’’--66””-- Floor Easels in the spaceFloor Easels in the space


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TasksTasks

-- PaintingPainting-- Objects, Figures, Human Figures, etc.Objects, Figures, Human Figures, etc.

-- PinPin-- ups/ Presentationsups/ Presentations

-- Film PresentationsFilm Presentations

Design CriteriaDesign Criteria

-- Provide light for correct color appearance and Provide light for correct color appearance and contrastcontrast

-- Lighting for facial modeling and objectsLighting for facial modeling and objects

-- Distribution of light on easelsDistribution of light on easels

-- Illuminance of 50 fc horizontally and 30 fc verticallyIlluminance of 50 fc horizontally and 30 fc vertically

-- Achieve a clear appearanceAchieve a clear appearance

-- Power Density of 1.2 Watts/SFPower Density of 1.2 Watts/SF



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SolutionSolution

54 Watt Indirect Fluorescent Pendent Fixture with electrical 54 Watt Indirect Fluorescent Pendent Fixture with electrical track on undersidetrack on underside

90 Watt Spot light on track90 Watt Spot light on track



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The power density is above the recommended ASHRAE/IES The power density is above the recommended ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 value of 1.2 Watts/ Square Foot. Redesigning Standard 90.1 value of 1.2 Watts/ Square Foot. Redesigning would be necessary to reduce this in the space.would be necessary to reduce this in the space.


1.49Power Density (W/sf)

2100Square Feet of Room

630907B

25016141A

Total WattsInput Watts/Fixture# of LuminairesLuminaire Type

Power Density Calculation


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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005IntroIntro Paint StudioPaint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion


RenderingsRenderings


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-- LobbyLobby



ConclusionConclusion


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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005IntroIntro Paint Studio Paint Studio LobbyLobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Controls Mechanical Conclusion

LobbyLobby

LobbyLobbyLocation: 3Location: 3rdrd Floor, center of the buildingFloor, center of the building

Space Characteristics:Space Characteristics:-- Approximately 4800 Approximately 4800 sfsf..-- Cantilevered awnings over the entrances Cantilevered awnings over the entrances

of four major spaces; of four major spaces; Concert Hall, Main Stage Concert Hall, Main Stage

Theatre, Recital Hall, Studio TheatreTheatre, Recital Hall, Studio Theatre

-- Finished Stone FloorFinished Stone Floor


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LobbyLobby

TasksTasks

-- Circulation space Circulation space –– provides access to the Concert Hall, Recital provides access to the Concert Hall, Recital Hall, Main Stage Theatre, and the Studio Theatre. It also Hall, Main Stage Theatre, and the Studio Theatre. It also services the corridors to areas such as the Fine Arts Box services the corridors to areas such as the Fine Arts Box Office and Painting GalleriesOffice and Painting Galleries

-- Social GatheringSocial Gathering

-- ReadingReading

Design CriteriaDesign Criteria

-- Most important space in the buildingMost important space in the building

-- Provide a visibly pleasing atmosphereProvide a visibly pleasing atmosphere

-- Achieve a relaxed, spacious, and public appearanceAchieve a relaxed, spacious, and public appearance

-- Draw people towards areas of interestDraw people towards areas of interest

-- Power Density of 1.6 Watts/ SFPower Density of 1.6 Watts/ SF

IntroIntro Paint Studio Paint Studio LobbyLobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Controls Mechanical Conclusion


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LobbyLobby

SolutionSolution

32 Watt Fluorescent Strip light for cove lighting32 Watt Fluorescent Strip light for cove lighting

42 Watt Compact Fluorescent 42 Watt Compact Fluorescent DownlightDownlight

18 Watt Compact Fluorescent 18 Watt Compact Fluorescent DownlightDownlight

Neon Light Tubes for accentNeon Light Tubes for accent

Provide different Provide different ““scenesscenes”” for different eventsfor different events



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LobbyLobby

The power density is below the recommended ASHRAE/IES The power density is below the recommended ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 value of 1.6 Watts/ Square Foot.Standard 90.1 value of 1.6 Watts/ Square Foot.

1.31Power Density (W/sf)

4800Square Feet of Room

33.248.314D

10261857C

34024281B

18363454A

Total WattsWatts/Fixture# of LuminairesLuminaire Type

Power Density Calculation



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LobbyLobby

RenderingsRenderings


Concert Hall SceneConcert Hall SceneMain Stage Theatre SceneMain Stage Theatre SceneRecital Hall SceneRecital Hall SceneStudio Theatre SceneStudio Theatre Scene


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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005IntroIntro Paint Studio Paint Studio LobbyLobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Controls Mechanical Conclusion

LobbyLobby

Other scenes providedOther scenes provided

-- Egress sceneEgress scene

IES Illumination RecommendationsIES Illumination Recommendations

Lobby Lobby –– 10 footcandles10 footcandles

Illuminance values for scenesIlluminance values for scenes

Egress sceneEgress scene-- 9.9 fc 9.9 fc OKOK

All other scenesAll other scenes-- all were around 28 fc all were around 28 fc OKOK


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-- LobbyLobby





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ControlsControls

Most of the energy consumption in a commercial building comes frMost of the energy consumption in a commercial building comes from om lighting.lighting.

Lighting

S pac ing Co o ling

S pac e Heating

Refrig eratio n

Other

Offic e Equipment

Water Heating

Co o king

IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Paint Studio Lobby ControlsControls Mechanical Conclusion Mechanical Conclusion

T ypical Energy Consumption In A Commercial Building

35%

27%

16%

7%5% 4% 3% 3%


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ControlsControls

Analyze an advanced digital control system on the 3Analyze an advanced digital control system on the 3rdrd floor of the floor of the buildingbuilding

Assumptions made inAssumptions made in--order to perform the analysisorder to perform the analysis

-- System will examine the Linear Fluorescent Fixtures onlySystem will examine the Linear Fluorescent Fixtures only

-- The system will cause a 10% reduction in lighting energy The system will cause a 10% reduction in lighting energy (expected to be more than assumed value)(expected to be more than assumed value)

-- Compact Fluorescent fixtures will be connected to the Compact Fluorescent fixtures will be connected to the system at a later time ( CF ballasts are not compatible at thisystem at a later time ( CF ballasts are not compatible at this s time)time)



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ControlsControls

Type of controls used in spacesType of controls used in spaces

-- Photocells (Daylight Control)Photocells (Daylight Control)

-- Automated Occupant ControlAutomated Occupant Control

-- Occupancy Sensors (Manual Dimming and ShutOccupancy Sensors (Manual Dimming and Shut--off)off)

-- Single Standard Switch (with indicating light)Single Standard Switch (with indicating light)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Daylight Har ves ting Automated OccupantContr ol

Manual Dimming No Contr ol Single Switch Special Contr ol

Controls In Percentage of Total Rooms on 3rd Floor



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ControlsControls

Use of the systemUse of the system

-- Up to 64 Ballasts on a power supplyUp to 64 Ballasts on a power supply

-- Each ballast is digitally programmed to respond/Each ballast is digitally programmed to respond/””speakspeak”” to to certain control sensors. Photocells, etc.certain control sensors. Photocells, etc.

-- Reprogramming an entire floor is easy and does not need to Reprogramming an entire floor is easy and does not need to be rewired. (Extremely practical for open office use where be rewired. (Extremely practical for open office use where reconfiguration of the space may occur)reconfiguration of the space may occur)

-- Each ballast in the power supply loop can respond to any Each ballast in the power supply loop can respond to any sensor in the loopsensor in the loop

-- Easily reprogrammableEasily reprogrammable

-- Sensors simply plug into ballastsSensors simply plug into ballasts


Connection Connection from direct from direct componentscomponents


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ControlsControls

Control Loop CircuitsControl Loop Circuits

-- 27 control loops27 control loops

-- exclusion of exclusion of Lobby, Concert Lobby, Concert Hall, Recital Hall, Hall, Recital Hall, Main Stage Main Stage Theatre, and Main Theatre, and Main Studio Theatre.Studio Theatre.



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ControlsControls

The initial cost savings of the advanced system is approximatelyThe initial cost savings of the advanced system is approximately $29,000$29,000


$175,200$175,200----------AdvanceSystem

$204,074-$53.3091$12042$139657$99839$99200RegularSystem

CostQuantityCostQuantityCostQuantityCostQuantityCostQuantity

Total Cost

Budget Cost

IR & PersonalControlOccupancy Sensors3 Lamp Ballasts2 Lamp Ballast1 Lamp Ballasts


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Benjamin Mitten Benjamin Mitten Spring 2005Spring 2005IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Paint Studio Lobby ControlsControls Mechanical Conclusion Mechanical Conclusion

Cost analysis for 10% energy reduction.Cost analysis for 10% energy reduction.

Analysis is for the MOST EXTREME CASE with the lights on, 18 houAnalysis is for the MOST EXTREME CASE with the lights on, 18 hours a rs a day, 7 days a week, 52 weeks a year.day, 7 days a week, 52 weeks a year.

Cost savings per year is approximately $5,000.Cost savings per year is approximately $5,000.-- Cost savings will increase if the system is implemented Cost savings will increase if the system is implemented throughout the entire buildingthroughout the entire building-- Cost difference decreases as hours, days and weeks are Cost difference decreases as hours, days and weeks are reduced.reduced.

$51,06252718$7.7911110% Reduction in Energy Consumption

$56,73652718$8.66124Full Watt Output of the System

Cost Per YearWeeks/YearDays/WeekHours/DayCost Per HourTotal KW Used


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ControlsControls

Major AdvantagesMajor Advantages

-- easy ballast replacement and no reprogrammingeasy ballast replacement and no reprogramming

-- easy installation and connection of sensorseasy installation and connection of sensors

-- sensors are easily added as neededsensors are easily added as needed

-- extreme savings in the initial cost as well as annual savingsextreme savings in the initial cost as well as annual savings

-- gives control of individual spaces to users if desired which gives control of individual spaces to users if desired which improves comfort and inimproves comfort and in--turn increases turn increases productivenessproductiveness



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-- LobbyLobby





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MechanicalMechanicalAddition of a Heat Recovery Unit on a 100% OA existing air handlAddition of a Heat Recovery Unit on a 100% OA existing air handling unit.ing unit.

The Enthalpy Wheel Efficiency for this analysis is assumed to beThe Enthalpy Wheel Efficiency for this analysis is assumed to be

80 %80 %

The indoor and outdoor air conditions for Baltimore Maryland areThe indoor and outdoor air conditions for Baltimore Maryland are shown in shown in the tables below.the tables below.

0.0738.417593

lb/ft^3btu/lbºFºF

DensityEnthalpyTemp (Wet Bulb)Temp (Dry Bulb)

Outdoor Air Conditions for Baltimore MD.

IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Controls Paint Studio Lobby Controls MechanicalMechanical Conclusion Conclusion

0.07364.8928.1475

lb/ft^3gr/lbbtu/lbºF

DensityHumidity RatioEnthalpyTemp

Indoor Air Conditions


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MechanicalMechanicalThe exhaust air for heat recovery is not constant air volume so The exhaust air for heat recovery is not constant air volume so a maximum a maximum and minimum amount of recoverable heat is determined off of crosand minimum amount of recoverable heat is determined off of cross flow s flow ratios. The Maximum cross flow was determined to be 48,000 cfm.ratios. The Maximum cross flow was determined to be 48,000 cfm. The The minimum cross flow was determined to be 15,500 cfm.minimum cross flow was determined to be 15,500 cfm.



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MechanicalMechanical



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MechanicalMechanicalThe design for the new AHU will be designed for 15,500 cfm. TheThe design for the new AHU will be designed for 15,500 cfm. The table table below shows the Coil Load reduction and the reduction of energy.below shows the Coil Load reduction and the reduction of energy. The The reduction of the coil is approximately 16%. reduction of the coil is approximately 16%.

275.6934.51231.1222.00

TonsTonsTonsbtu/lb

Coil Load (no recovery)

Coil Load (Min)

Coil Load (max)

Supply Air Enthalpy

Coil Analysis



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-- LobbyLobby





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RecommendationsRecommendations

-- The lighting design in the Paint Studio should be The lighting design in the Paint Studio should be redesigned to meet the Power Density requirementsredesigned to meet the Power Density requirements

-- The lighting design in the lobby parallels the design The lighting design in the lobby parallels the design criteriacriteria

-- The advanced control system should be implemented The advanced control system should be implemented through out the whole buildingthrough out the whole building

-- An energy wheel should be added to the existing AHU to An energy wheel should be added to the existing AHU to reduce coil size and save energyreduce coil size and save energy

IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Conclusion


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AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

AE Department and FacultyAE Department and Faculty

TA EngineeringTA Engineering

Alan Alan ZemlaZemla

Jim MooreJim Moore

Mueller Associates, Inc.Mueller Associates, Inc.

Todd Garing and Ken RockTodd Garing and Ken Rock

Towson UniversityTowson University

Dennis BohlayerDennis Bohlayer

Lutron Electronic Company, Inc.Lutron Electronic Company, Inc.

Family and FriendsFamily and Friends

IntroIntro Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Paint Studio Lobby Controls Mechanical Conclusion Conclusion

Questions?Questions?

center for the arts university towson university · center for the arts towson university benjamin...

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