cfjlws lhnnf ljsf; of]hgf dofublddcmyagdi.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/district-profile.doc ·...

v08 !!= e"ldsf!=! k[i7e"ld

;fdflhs Pj+ cfly{s If]qdf pknAw ;Lldt ;|f]t / ;fwgx¿sf] ;d'lrt k|of]u u/L clwstd k|ltkmn k|fKt ug'{ cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] . lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] nflu lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, lhNnf l:yt ljifout sfof{nox¿, u}/ ;/sf/L tyf ;fd'bflos ;+3÷;+:yf Pj+ lghL If]qx¿af6 cf–cfˆgf] If]qsf a]Unf–a]Un} ?kdf 5l/P/ of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd to ub}{ sfof{Gjog e}/x]sf] ljBdfg l:yltn] of]hgfx¿ bf]xf]l/g], 5'6\g] tyf Pp6} k|s[ltsf] sfo{sf nflu Ps} 7fpFdf Ps eGbf a9L ;+:yf ;+nUg x'g] l:ylt b]vf k/]sf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ lhNnfnfO{ s'g lbzf tkm{ n}hfb} 5f}+ eGg] olsg x'g g;Sg] / of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿ cfkm}df cNdlnP/ ljsf;n] cfzftLt ult lng ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf nflu cfˆg} of]hgf gePsf] / /fli6«o nIo tyf p2]Zoaf6 dfq} :yfgLo:t/df ck]Iff ul/Psf] nIo tyf p2]Zo lgwf{/0f x'g g;Sg'sf] ;fy} lhNnfnfO{ cfjZos ah]6sf] Joj:yf ;d]t x'g g;Sbf of]hgf / k|ltkmnsf aLr 7"nf] vf8n /x]sf] l:ylt ljBdfg 5 .

:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% n] lhNnfdf cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df u/L tbg'?k sfof{Gjogdf hfg lglb{i6 u/]sf] 5 . of] P]gn] :yfgLo lgsfox¿nfO{ a9L :jfoQtf k|bfg u/L oL lgsfox¿nfO{ a9L kf/bzL{, pQ/bfoL / hjfkmb]xL jxg ug{ ;Sg] lgsfosf] ?kdf :yflkt ug{'sf ;fy} k|efjsf/L 9+uaf6 sfd ug{ ;Sg] agfpg logLx¿nfO{ ;|f]t / ;fwg tyf clwsf/ ;d]t ;'Dk]sf] 5 . kof{Kt clwsf/, ;|f]t / ;fwg k|fKt ePkl5 :yfgLo lgsfox¿n] :yfgLo:t/df Jojl:yt / k|efjsf/L ?kdf of]hgf th'{df tyf ;+rfng ug{ Pj+ hg;xeflutf h'6fO{ :yfgLo:t/d} hjfkmb]xL jxg ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf ljsf; u/L of]hgf k4ltsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ug]{ p2]Zo o; P]gn] lnPsf] 5 . P]gsf] bkmf !(% / ;f]sf] lgodfjnL, @)%^ sf] lgod !(* cg';f/ k|To]s lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] lhNnfsf] bL3{sfnLg ;f]rsf] cfwf/df nIo, p2]Zo, gLlt, l;4fGt, /0fgLlt tyf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f u/L lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] nflu ;du|df cfwfl/t cfjlws / jflif{s ljsf; of]hgf th'{df ug'{kg]{ x'G5 / o;/L th'{df ul/Psf cfjlws of]hgfn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿sf] sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] lsl;dn] /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u / ;DalGwt dGqfnox¿n] cg'bfg, cfjZos gLlt / dfu{bz{g pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ x'G5 .

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/fli6«o gLlt, lhNnfsf] l:ylt, ;Defjgf / cfjZostf cg';f/ lhNnfsf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{fno, ;+3÷;+:yf, /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw, lghL If]q, gful/s ;dfh nufot ;a}sf] ;xeflutfaf6 PsLs[t ?kdf of] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] tof/Lsf] nflu /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]uaf6 k|fKt cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)%* nfO{ cfwf/sf] ?kdf lnOPsf] 5 .

k|:t't of]hgfn] o; lhNnfsf] ljsf;nfO{ :yfgLo:t/df ;+:yfut ub}{ ;xeflutfTds Pj+ lbuf] ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cfTd;ft u/]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf] PsLs[t of]hgfsf] ?kdf of] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df klxnf] k|of; xf] . o;n] DofUbL lhNnfdf cfly{s jif{ @)%(÷)^) b]lv @)^#÷)^$ ;Ddsf] kfFr jif{df k|fKt ul/g] ef}lts, ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s nIo, p2]Zo / s[ofsnfkx¿ :ki6 ls6fg u/]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf] ;dli6ut ljsf;sf] nflu tof/ ul/Psf] of] of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug'{ ;a} ;+:yf tyf ;d'bfosf] ;dfg lhDd]jf/L ePsf]n] o; of]hgfaf6 lhNnfsf] PsLs[t ljsf;df of]ubfg k'Ug'sf] ;fy} /fli6«o of]hgf tyf gLlt th'{df ug{ ;d]t ;3fp k'Ug] ljZjf; lnOPsf] 5 .

!=@= p2]Zoo; cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfsf p2]Zox¿ lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\M– lhNnfsf] bL3{sfnLg ;f]r, nIo / p2]Zox¿ lgwf{/0f ug]{ . tYofÍ tyf ;"rgfsf] cfwf/df of]hgf th'{df k4ltsf] ljsf; ug]{ . DofUbL lhNnfsf] ljsf;df ;+nUg /x]sf lhNnfsf :yfgLo lgsfox¿,

;/sf/L sfof{nox¿, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ / lghL If]q aLr cfk;L ;DaGw, sfo{ut ;dGjo / ;fem]bf/Lkgsf] ljsf; ug]{ .

;xeflutfd"ns of]hgf k4ltnfO{ lhNnf:t/df ;+:yfut ug{ d2t ug]{ . /fli6«o:t/sf of]hgf, ljifout of]hgf / cfjlws of]hgf aLr tfnd]n, ;dGjo

/ sfo{ut PsLs/0f ug{ d2t k'¥ofpg] . DofUbL lhNnfsf ;d:of / ;+efjgfx¿ klxrfg Pj+ k|fyldstf ls6fg u/L

bL3{sfnLg ;f]r lgdf{0f ug]{ . DofUbL lhNnfsf] ljsf;df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] ;+of]hs,

pTk|]/s, ;xof]uL / ;dGjostf{sf] ?kdf /xL lg0ff{os e"ldsf v]nL o; cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfk|lt lhNnfaf;Lx¿sf] ckgTj / :jfldTjsf] efjgfsf] ljsf; ug]{ .

;|f]t / ;fwgdf kx'Fr gk'u]sf DofUbL lhNnfsf a:tL, ;d'bfo, hghflt, lnË / au{x¿df ;]jf / ;'ljwfsf] kx'Fr a9fpg] .

lhNnfsf ljsf;df ;fem]bf/x¿sf] st{Jo, lhDd]jf/L, pQ/bfloTj / hjfkmb]xLsf] :ki6 ls6fg ug]{ .

;Lldt ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] ;d'lrt k|of]u tyf pkof]u u/L a9L eGbf a9L k|ltkmn k|fKt ug]{ .

plNnlvt p2]Zox¿ k|flKtsf] nflu k|d'v sfo{qmdsf] th'{df, cfjZos ah]6 ljj/0fsf] th'{df tyf lhDd]jf/ lgsfosf] ls6fgL / klxrfg ug]{ .

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!=# k|s[of tyf ljlw:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g / lgodfjnL tyf cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsfdf Joj:yf eP cg';f/ lh=lj=;= n] of]hgf th'{df sfo{df cu|0fL Pj+ ;dGjostf{ tyf uf=lj=;=x¿ / pkef]Qmf ;ldltx¿nfO{ of]hgf sfo{fGjogstf{sf] lhDd]jf/L axg ug]{ lgsfosf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ k|of; o; cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfn] u/]sf] 5 . o;sf] th'{df ubf{ lgDg cg';f/sf] k|s[of tyf ljlw cjnDag ul/Psf] 5 M– @)%& Ho]i7 ^ ut]b]lv !) ut];Dd lh=lj=;=, lh=lj=;=dxf;

+3 / ;=lh=lj=sf= sf] ;xof]udf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, DofUbLn] ;xeflutfTds bL3{sfnLg cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] .

@)%& r}q & / * ut] lhNnf l:yt ;a} ;/sf/L sfo{fnox¿, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿, ;fd'bflos ;+3÷;+:yf / ;+:yfgx¿sf k|ltlglwx¿sf] ;xeflutfdf tYofÍ ;+sng tof/L uf]i7L ul/Psf] lyof] .

uf=lj=;= cWoIfx¿ / uf=lj=;=sf ;lrjx¿nfO{ uf=lj=;=sf] j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f ;+sng ug]{ ljifodf k|lzIf0f uf]i7L u/L uf=lj=;=x¿af6 tYofÍ ;+sng ul/Psf] lyof] .

uf=lj=;=x¿af6 k|fKt tYofÍx¿sf] ljZn]if0f, ;d:of klxrfg tyf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ug{sf nflu Onfsf:t/Lo uf]i7L cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] .

lhNnfsf] a:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tyf plNnlvt uf]i7Lx¿af6 ;+slnt tYof+sx¿sf] cfwf/df lhNnfsf] a:t'l:ylt ljZn]if0f k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] lyof] .

!=$ cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lo; lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{dfsf] nflu @)%* ;fn r}q !! ut]b]lv !* ut];Dd lhNnf ;b/d'sfd a]gLdf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . o; uf]i7Ldf e"tk"j{ ;f+;bx¿, lh=lj=;=sf kbflwsf/Lx¿, uf=lj=;=sf k|ltlglwx¿, /fhg}lts bnsf k|ltlglwx¿, ljifout sfof{nosf k|d'vx¿, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3÷;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx¿, ;fdflhs ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx¿, lzIffljb\, ;dfh;]jL, ljQLo ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx¿, dlxnf, pTkLl8t tyf hghfltsf k|ltlglwx¿, ckfËsf k|ltlglwx¿, lghL If]qsf k|ltlglwx¿, :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnosf k|ltlglwx¿, lhNnf l:yt ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|ltlglwx¿, kqsf/x¿ / lh=lj=;= afUn'ª / kj{tsf k|ltlglwx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;xefuLx¿sf] ljj/0f cg';"rL–! df lbOPsf] 5 . o; uf]i7Ldf cfjZos ;"rgf tYofÍ ;+sng, ljZn]if0f / ljut tyf at{dfg aLrsf] t'ngfTds cWoog ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fy} uf]i7Ldf tYofÍx¿sf] cfwf/df ;d:ofx¿sf] klxrfg, sf/0f, c;/, ;Ifdtf ljZn]if0f, bL3{sfnLg ;f]r lgwf{/0f, lgb]{zs l;4fGtx¿sf] lgwf{/0f, p2]Zo / glthfx¿sf] klxrfg, k|d'v sfo{qmd, lhDd]jf/ lgsfo, ah]6 Joj:yf cflbsf] klxrfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;xefuLx¿nfO{ lgb]{lzsfn] to u/] cg';f/

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cfly{s, ;+:yfut, ;fdflhs, ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / jg, jftfj/0f, e"–;+/If0f tyf a:tL ljsf; u/L kfFr ;d"xdf ljefhg u/]/ 5nkmn ug]{, 5nkmnaf6 lgisif{ lgsfNg] / ;d"xx¿ ;a} ;xefuL eO{ k|:t'tLs/0f÷5nkmn / yk36 u/L clGtd lgrf]8 lgsfNg] ul/Psf] lyof] . uf]i7Ldf k|jrg, 5nkmn, k|bz{g, lrqfÍg cflb ljlw ckgfOPsf] lyof] . pQm uf]i7Laf6 k|fKt lgisif{x¿ dfly k'gM lh=lj=;= kbflwsf/L, ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'vx¿, lghL Pj+ gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw / e"tk"j{ ;f+;b Pj+ lh=lj=;= kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] aLrdf 5nkmn u/L k"0f{ ?k lbOPsf] lyof] . @)%( ;fn cfiff9 #) ut] a;]sf] P3f/f}+ lhNnf kl/ifb\sf] a}7sn] o;df cfjZos 5nkmn / ;+zf]wg u/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu :jLs[lt k|bfg u¥of] .

!=%cWoogsf] ;Ldfof] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df klxnf] k|of; ePsf]n] sl7g x'g' :jfefljs} xf] . o;sf k|s[of tyf cGo kIfx¿df b]vf k/]sf sl7gfOx¿n] of]hgf th'{df sfo{df ;Ldf lgwf{/0f u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ tTjx¿ lgDgfg';f/ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5M–!= tYofÍx¿sf] pknAwtfM– tYofÍ ;+sng sfo{ ljleGg lgsfox¿n] cf–

cfˆg} k|of]hgsf] nflu ug]{ u/]sf / oL tYofÍx¿sf] pkof]u Hofb} ;Lldt ePsf]n] lhNnfsf] ;du| of]hgf th'{dfsf nflu tYofÍsf] ckof{Kttf, tYofÍsf] e/kbf]{kgfdf k|Zg lrGx, ljleGg lgsfox¿af6 ;+slnt tYofÍx¿df ljljwtf cflbsf sf/0fn] of]hgf th'{dfsf nflu pko'Qm / e/kbf]{ tYofÍx¿sf] sdL dx;'; eof] . sltko If]qx¿ h:t}M– lhNnfsf] ufx{:y pTkfbg, /f]huf/L l:ylt, j}b]lzs nufgL tyf ljb]zaf6 k|fKt x'g] cfDbfgL, JolQmut vr{sf] 9fFrf, ;]jf k|bfg tyf k|fKt ubf{sf] nfut cflb cfly{s ljZn]if0fsf nflu geO{ gx'g] ;"rgfx¿ Pj+ ;fdflhs b[li6n] cfjZos kg]{ ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ hg;+Vofsf] :t/, wfld{s tyf ;fF:s[lts agfa6, n}+lus ?kn] 5'6\ofOPsf cfFs8fx¿ Pj+ cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ;DaGw ljZn]if0f ug]{ ;"rgfx¿sf] ckof{Kttf /Xof] . tYofÍx¿ w]/} h;f] ;xfos -Secondary) tYofÍ g}} k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . u}=;=;=, lghL If]q, pBf]u, ko{6g / Jofkf/df cfjZostfg';f/ tYofÍ k|fKt x'g g;Sbf ljleGg If]qsf tYofÍx¿nfO{ cfwf/ dflgPsf] 5 . u}=;=;=x¿n] nufgL u/]sf] /sdsf] ljj/0f k|fKt ug{ g;Sbf oxfF pNn]v ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g .

@= ljleGg lgsfox¿sf] ;xeflutfM– ljs]lGb|t / ;xeflutfd"ns of]hgf k4lt cjnDjg ug{ yflnPsf] w]/} ;do ePtfklg ljifout lgsfox¿, u}/ ;/sf/L tyf lghL If]q / nlIft ;d"xsf] ;xeflutf pNn]Vo ?kdf x'g g;s]sf] ljBdfg l:yltn] ;xeflutfd"ns of]hgf th'{df k|s[ofsf] bfo/f ;Lldt u/]sf] 5 . To:t} uf]i7Lx¿df Pp6} JolQmsf] lg/Gt/ ;xeflutf gx'Fbf r/0f–r/0fsf b[li6sf]0fdf km/s kg'{ klg :jfefljs g} xf] . of] cfjlws of]hgf th'{df k|yd cEof; ePsf], o:tf of]hgfx¿ w]/} th'{df eP t/ pknlAw s] x'g] eGg] olsg gx'g], /fhg}lts lvrftfgL / sltko sfg"gx¿ aflemPsf] cj:yfdf of]hgf ;kmn x'g] gx'g] ljifodf z+sf

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pkz+sfx¿ tyf x]nrqmofOFsf sf/0f k|efjsf/L ;xeflutfsf] sdL dx;'; ePsf] lyof] .

#= of]hgf th'{dfsf cfwf/x¿M– of] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]]hgf th'{df ubf{ tYofÍx¿, ;xefuLx¿sf] cg'ej tyf cjnf]sgx¿, :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]gsf k|fjwfgx¿, gjf}+ k~rjifL{o of]hgfn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf nIo, p2]Zo tyf k|fyldstfx¿, lhNnfdf /x]sf lgsfox¿ / ltgsf jflif{s sfo{qmdx¿, ah]6 k|jfx k|j[lQ tyf dlxnf Pj+ afnaflnsf ;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGwx¿df /x]sf k|fjwfgx¿nfO{ cfwf/ dflgPsf] lyof] .

$= uf]]i7Lsf] ;dofjlwM of] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf tof/ ug]{ qmddf ;d:ofx¿sf] ljZn]if0f tyf ;Ifdtfsf] ljZn]if0f ug{ uf]i7L / To;kl5 cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th{'df uf]i7L u/L of]hgf agfpg] qmd /x]sf] ePtfklg ;docefjsf] sf/0f pQm b'j} sfo{sf] nflu Pp6} uf]i7L ul/Psf] lyof] . h;n] ubf{ uf]i7L w]/} nfdf] / laxfgb]lv a]n'sL;Dd Pp6} sfo{df ;lqmo ;xefuL x'g' kg]{ l:ylt /Xof] .

5

v08 @

@=!P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld, ef}uf]lns l:ylt, ;Ldfgf tyf /fhg}lts ljefhgwf}nflul/ lxdfnaf6 pTklQ eO{ lhNnfsf] klZrd–pQ/af6 blIf0f–k"j{ aUg] DofUbL gbLsf] gfdaf6 o; lhNnfsf] gfds/0f ePsf] kfOG5 . æDofUbLÆ zAbsf] pTklQsf] ;Gbe{df ljleGg egfOx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . æd]ªÆ eg]sf] yfkf / æbLÆ eg]sf] gbL ldn]/ DofUbL zAb ag]sf] eGg] egfO 5 . oxfF kf}/fl0fs tyf P]ltxfl;s y'k|} dxTjk"0f{ :yfgx¿ 5g\ . Clif h8e/tn] /fhf /x'u0fnfO{ 1fgf]kb]z lbPs]f If]q, æh8Æ h8e/t u'kmfsf] gfdn] un]Zj/df /x]sf] 5 . jt{dfgdf /fv' gfdn] k|rlnt ufpF g} /fhf /x'u0fsf] /fhwfgL lyof] elgG5 . Clif k'nT:osf] cf>d æk'nfÆ jt{dfg k'nfrf}/ uf=lj=;=df /x]sf] 5 . o:t} d'lgj/ k'nT:osf] gflt ljZjsf 5f]/f n+sflwklt æ/fj0fÆ sf] hGde"ld klg oxL+ xf] elgG5 .

lnR5jL /fhf dfgb]jn] u08sLkf/L dNnk'/Lsf] lab|f]x bdg u/]sf] s'/f Oltxf;df pNn]v 5 . dfgb]j k|ydsf] d'b|f dfgfÍ afun'ªdf kfOPsf] x'gfn] dNnk'/L eg]sf] afu'nª DofUbL ot} st} x'g'k5{ . k|yd yfkf /fhf sfn' yfkf -lj=;+=!@$^_ n] tfsddf /fHosf] :yfkgf u/]sf lyP / yfkfx¿sf] /fHosfn #)) jif{;Dd /x]sf] lyof] . la=;+= !%$% df l8Da ad dNnn] yfkfx¿nfO{ x/fO{ tfsd /fHonfO{ cfˆgf] /fHodf ufeL jt{dfg wf}nflul/ c~rnsf ;a} lhNnfx¿ ;d]l6Psf] ljzfn kj{t /fHosf] :yfkgf u/]sf lyP . ad dNnn] agfPsf] kj{t /fHosf] Ps efu /xFbf;Dd DofUbLn] cfˆg} ljz]iftf cf]u6]sf] lyof] . /fhf sLlt{ ad dNnn] 9f]n7fgfdf b/jf/ v8f u/L a;]sf] / a]gLdf 7fgf /fv]sf lyP elgG5 . /0faxfb'/ zfxsf] /fHosfndf axfb'/ zfxn] kj{t /fHonfO{ g]kfndf ufe]kl5 DofUbL klg g]kfn clw/fHosf] Ps cleGg c+usf] ?kdf /Xof] . PsLs/0f kl5 / /f0ff zf;gsfndf of] lhNnf kfNkf k|zf;g cGtu{t /x]sf] lyof] . kl5 afUn'ª uf}+8f :yfkgf ePkl5 ToxfFaf6} oxfFsf] k|zf;lgs / Goflos sfd ;+rfng x'GYof] .

@)!% ;fndf dxflgjf{rg x'Fbf & gDa/ If]qdf /x]sf] of] 7fpFnfO{ @)!* ;fndf DofUbL lhNnfsf] gfddf cnu cl:tTj sfod ul/of] . pQm ;dodf o; lhNnfdf @! j6f ufpF k~rfot lyP . @)#@ ;fndf kj{t / d':tfª lhNnfaf6 @) j6f ufpF k+rfotx¿ ufleg cfPkl5 o; lhNnfnfO{ $) ufpF k~rfot / ( Onfsfdf ljefhg ul/Psf] lyof] . @)$* ;fn kl5 of] lhNnf $) uf=lj=;=, !! Onfsf / b'O{ j6f lgjf{rg If]qdf ljeflht x'g k'Uof] . @)$* sf] hgu0fgfnfO{{ cfwf/ dfgL @)%! ;fndf of] lhNnfnfO{ Pp6f dfq lgjf{rg If]qdf sfod ul/of] . k|fs[lts ;|f]]t ;Dkbfn] el/k"0f{ of] lhNnf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df Hofb} k5fl8

6

k/]sf] kxf8L lhNnf xf] . kf]v/f–afUn'ª–a]gL ;8s lgdf{0f k"j{ Hofb} ljs6 ?kdf b]lvg] of] lhNnfaf6 b]zsf] /fhwfgL sf7df08f} k'Ug s'Zdf x'Fb} sfsL{g]6f / ToxfFaf6 gf}8f8f -:ofª\hf_ x'Fb} kf]v/f hfg' kb{Yof] . k}bn ofqf u/L b'O{ lbg lx8]/ k'Ug' kbf{ ljsf;sf cj;/x¿ ;dodf hgtfnfO{ k'¥ofpg ;lsPsf] lyPg . xfn kf]v/f–afun'ª ;8s x'Fb} a]gL;Dd oftfoft ;'ljwf pknAw 5 . oxfF ljsf; lgdf{0fsf k|of;x¿ k|f/lDes cj:yfdf g} /x]sf 5g\ . of] lhNnf cfˆgf hgtfsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs Pj+ ef}lts ljsf;sf nflu lg/Gt/ k|oTgzLn /x]sf] 5 .

DofUbL lhNnf clw/fHosf]] klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]q cGtu{t wf}nflul/ c~rndf /x]sf] 5 . of] lhNnf ;d'b|L ;txaf6 &(@ dL6/ -/Tg]rf}/ uf=lj=;=_ b]lv *!^& dL6/ -wf}nflul/ lxdfn_ ;Dd cUnf] kxf8L tyf lxdfnL efudf cjl:yt 5 . of] lhNnf @*)@)Ú b]lv @*)$&Ú pQ/L cIff+z tyf *#))*Ú b]lv *#)%#Ú k"j{ b]zfGt/ aLr km}lnPsf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] ;Ldfgf k"j{df kj{t, sf:sL / dgfª, klZrddf afUn'ª / ?s'd, pQ/df d':tfª / 8f]Nkf tyf blIf0fdf afUn'ª lhNnf;+u hf]l8Psf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] s"n If]qkmn @@(&=)^ ju{ ls=dL= -@@(&)^ x]S6/_ /x]sf] 5 . of] lhNnfsf] j]+;L -;dy/_ If]q *Ü, pRr kxf8L If]q %^Ü tyf lxdfnL If]q #^Ü 5 . lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd a]gL ahf/ sf7df08f}af6 s/Lj @*) ls=dL= pQ/–klZrd b"l/df cjl:yt 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ !Onfsf cg';f/ ufpF ljsf; ;ldltx¿

Onfsf

gDa/

uf=lj=;=x¿ Onfsf

gDa/

uf=lj=;=x¿

! cy'{ª], k'nfrf}/ / l;+uf @ /Tg]rf}/, Hofd?ssf]6 / elsDnL

# 3tfg, kfTn]v]t / lkKn] $ eujtL, bUgfd, lrdvf]nf / a]uvf]nf

% /fDr], lx:tfgd08nL, 3f/ / lzv

^ bf]jf, e"–tftf]kfgL, gf/Rofª / bfgf

& afljofrf}/, s'+x“'+, a/+hf / cd{g

* b/jfª, lg:sf]6, ?d / cf]v/af]6

( kfvfkfgL, s'Og]d+un], lem+ / dNsafª

!) tfsd, b]jL:yfg, ljd / d/fª

!! d'gf, n'nfª, d'bL / u'hf{ ;|f]tM lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, DofUbL

7

@=!=! k|d'v lxdfn, gbL / vlgh kbfy{ljZjs} kfFrf} cUnf] tyf g]kfnsf] rf}yf] cUnf] lxdfn wf}nflul/ k|yd -*!^& dL6/_ lxdfn o; lhNnfsf] d'bL uf=lj=;=df cjl:yt 5 . o;sf] ;fy} wf}nflul/ bf];|f] -&&%! dL6/_, wf}nflul/ kfFrf} -&^!* dL6/_ / csf]{ k|Voft u'hf{ lxdfn -&!(# dL6/_ klg DofUbL lhNnfdf g} kb{5g\ .

g]kfnsf tLg 7"nf gbLx¿ dWo] u08sLsf] d'Vo gbL æsfnL u08sLÆ oxL lhNnf eP/ aUb5 . o;sf] cltl/Qm DofUbL / /3'u+uf cGo d'Vo gbLx¿ x'g\ / oL b'j} gbL sfnu08sLsf] ;xfos gbLsf] ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ . sfnLu08sLsf cGo ;xfos vf]nfx¿ sfuvf]nf, 3f/vf]nf, af]S;Lvf]nf ldl/:tL vf]nf, ?K;] v]fnf, j]uvf]nf cflb x'g\ . DofUbL gbLsf ;xfos vf]nfx¿df u'hf{vf]nf, d/fªvf]nf, b/vf]nf l/t'ªvf]nf, bfªvf]nf, ch]{vf]nf cflb x'g\ . oxfF DofUbL gbL / sfnL u08sL gbL b'O{ d'Vo hnfwf/ If]q /x]sf 5g\ . sfnL u08sLsf] ;xfos gbL /3'u+uf pkhnfwf/ If]q klg dxTjk"0f{ dflgG5 . o; lhNnfsf] ;'b"/ pQ/–klZrddf cjl:yt u'hf{ uf=lj=;=sf] s]xL If]q pQ/u+uf -e]/L gbL_ hnfwf/ If]qdf kb{5 . o; lhNnfdf wfld{s ?kn] k|Voft tftf]kfgLsf s'08x¿ 5g\ . oL dWo] e"?Ë tftf]kfgL, l;+uf tftf]kfgL / bUgfd tftf]kfgL pNn]vgLo 5g\ . ljZjs} k|Voft ?K;] em/gf / ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf ulx/f] uN5L sfnLu08sLsf] cGw uN5L o;} lhNnfsf] bfgf uf=lj=;=df kb{5g\ .

oxfFsf gbL hnljB'tsf] nflu lgs} pkof]uL dflgPsf] 5 . sfnL u08sLdf clwstd !))% 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08, Go"gtd !%+@ 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08 / cf};tdf %!) 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08, DofUbL gbLdf clwstd ^(! 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08, Go''gtd (=^) 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08 / cf};tdf !)@ 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08 / /3'u+ufdf clwstd !)% 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08, Go'gtd ^=#^ 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08 / cf};tdf ^%=%* 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08 hn axfa /x]sf] 5 . o:t} oxfFsf vf]nfx¿ klg demf}nf tyf ;fgf hnljB't of]hgf ;+rfngsf] nflu ;+efJo /x]sf 5g\ .

of] lhNnf vlgh ;Dkbfn] el/k"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . tfdf, lznfhLt, v/L9'Ëf, ;'g -sfnL u08sLsf] lsgf/df_ / :n]6 -3/ 5fpg] 9'Ëf_ oxfFsf k|d'v vlgh ;Dkbf x'g\ . cf]v/af]6 uf=lj=;= df tfdf vfgL kof{Kt /x]sf] / ljljw sf/0fn] xfn aGb /x]sf] 5 . ?d uf=lj=;=df :n]6 -3/ 5fpg] 9+'uf_ vfgL ;+rfngdf /x]sf] 5 .

@=!=@ hnjfo'of] lhNnf gbLsf vf]+r x'Fb} ;fdfGo kxf8b]lv pRr kxf8 / lxdfnL >[+vnf;Dd km}lnPsf] x'gfn] oxfFsf] xfjfkfgLdf klg ljljwtf /x]sf] 5 . oxfF sfnLu08sL gbL tyf DofUbL gbLsf] tNnf] e]usf !))) dL6/ eGbf sd prfO ePsf gbL lsgf/L e"–efu tyf pkTosfx¿df cw{–pi0f xfjfkfgL kfOG5 . lhNnfsf dWo kxf8df cjl:yt !))) dL6/b]lv @))) dL6/;Ddsf] e"–efudf ;d–lztf]i0f / @))) dL6/b]lv %))) dL6/;Ddsf]

8

prfOsf cUnf kj{tLo efux¿df lztf]i0f xfjfkfgL kfOG5 . afx|}df; lxpFn] 9flsg] lxd/]vf -%))) dL6/_ eGbf dflysf ;Dk"0f{ lxdfnL efudf cNkfOg xfjfkfgL kfOG5 . o; lhNnfsf] cf};t clwstd tfkqmd #^ l8u|L ;]lN;o; 5 eg] Go"gtd cf};t tfks|d # l8u|L ;]lN;o; 5 . oxfF jflif{s $)& ldlndL6/b]lv @(^) ldlndL6/;Dd aiff{ x'G5 .

@=!=# e"–l:ylt tyf e"–pkof]u l:ylto; lhNnfsf] e"–jgf]6 kq] r§fg, kl/jlt{t r§fg tyf cfUg]o r§fgn] ag]sf] 5 . df6f] dWod agf]6 -Medium texture_ sf] 5 h;df v;|f] afn'jfsf] dfqf a9L 5 . oxfFsf] clwsf+z df6f] cDnLo 5 . oxfFsf] df6f] g/d -Fragile_ / eL/fnf] e"–agf]6 a9L ePsf]n] jif{fsf] kfgLn] ;lhn};Fu aufP/ n}hfg ;Sb5 . DofUbL lhNnfsf] (&Ü e"–efu sfnLu08sL hnfwf/ If]q -DofUbL gbL hnfwf/ If]q ;d]t_ leq kb{5 / afFsL #Ü e"–efu pQ/ u+uf hnfwf/ -e]/L gbL hnk|jfx_ If]q leq kb{5 . lhNnfsf] ;Dk"0f{ If]qkmn dWo] sfnLu08sLsf] #)Ü, DofUbL gbLsf] %% / /3'u+ufsf] !@ hnfwf/ If]q -Catchment Area) /x]sf] 5 .

o; lhNnfsf] s"n If]qkmn @@(&=)^ ju{ ls=dL= cyf{t\ @@(&)^ x]S6/ 5 . o;df s[lif of]Uo e"ld #)*%^ x]S6/ /x]sf] 5 h;dWo] !($(* x]S6/ -*=$*Ü_ df v]tL ul/Psf] 5 . v]tL gu/L afFemf] /x]sf] hUuf !!#%* x]S6/ h;dWo] 3fF;] d}bfg / r/gn] @!=@&Ü cfu6]sf] 5 . o:t} jg If]qn] *$$%@ x]S6/ e"ld cf]u6]sf] 5 . o; dWo] s8f sf7 !#=^&Ü, ldl>t !^=!#Ü, sf]0fwf/L $=@^Ü / sfF8] emf8L !=*%Ü 5 . v]tL cof]Uo e"ld !!$#(* x]S6/ h;dWo] lxdklx/f] )=)^Ü, lxpn] 9fs]sf] !!=^*Ü, lxd gbL If]q )=)$Ü, klx/f] If]q )=)@Ü, r§fg !^=&%Ü / a:tL (=# e"–efu /x]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf] hnfwf/Lo lx;fan] /fd|f] %*=((Ü / g/fd|f] $!=)!Ü 5 . e"–Ifosf] cj:yf x]bf{ k|lt jif{ k|lt x]S6/ !@#$ 6g e"–Ifo ePsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ @ e"–pkof]u

l;=g+ lsl;d k|ltzt1 s[lif 8=482 jg 36=763 emf8L 1=854 r/g 21=275 klx/

f]÷lxdklx/f]

0=06

6 lxpF 11=687 a:tL 9=30

9

8 r§fg 2=619 ;8s 1=4310 gbL / vfgL 6=56

hDdf 100

tflnsf gDa/ @=!eL/fnf]kg

l;=g+

eL/fnf]kg -l8u|Ldf_

If]qkmn -ju{ ls=dL=df

_

If]qkmn -x]=df_

k|ltzt

1 ;dtn 3=73 373 0=162 3=15 1=55 155 0=073 1630 70=667 7066=7 3=074 3160 824=417 82441=7 35=895 60 eGbf a(L 1396=696 139669=6 60=81

hDdf 2297=06 229706 100

;|f]tM lhNnf e"–;+/If0f sfof{no, DofUbLe"–pkof]uM ljBdfg ;d:of / ;jfnx¿ u|fdL0f If]qdf ;8s k'¥ofpg] nx/n] ubf{ o; lhNnfdf nueu cf7j6f

uf=lj=;=df ;8s g]6js{ tof/ e};s]sf] 5 . clwsf+z ;8sx¿ sRrL ePsf] / jiff{sf] kfgL aUgsf] nflu gfnfsf] Joj:yf gePsf]n] jiff{sf] kfgLaf6 e"–Ifo, af9L, klx/f] cflb x'g] / u]u/ au]/ gbL s6fg ug]{ jf k'l/g] ;d:of a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

lhNnfsf] s"n If]qkmnsf] ^$=&Ü e"–efu %)Ü eGbf a9L eL/fnf] /x]sf] 5 . o:tf] hldgdf v]tL ul/+bf dflyNnf] ;txsf] dlnnf] df6f] jiff{sf] kfgLn] aufpg], klx/f] hfg] eO{ dWod:t/sf] hldgnfO{ klg vf]tNb} jf s6fg ub}{ hfg] / ;dy/ hldg k'l/bf v]tLof]Uo hldgsf] x|f; cfpg] l:ylt 5 .

10

a:tL a:g of]Uo gePsf] 7fpFdf jg ldr]/ a;f]jf; ug]{ jf v]tL ug]{, clt kftnf] 5l/P/ a:tL a:g], pj{/ kmfF6, gbL s6fg If]q / e"–Ifo x'g] :yfgdf ;d]t a;f]af; ug]{ h:tf ;d:of /x]sf 5g\ . e"–pkof]usf] l:ylt cg's"n of]hgf gagfO{ a:tL j[l4 x'Fb} hfFbf hgtfnfO{ ef}lts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ k'¥ofpg sl7g x'g] / nfut a9L nfUg] ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 . o;}u/L e"–Ifo / af9Ln] v]tLof]Uo hldgdf x|f; / jg tyf jftfj/0f If]qdf gsf/fTds c;/ kfg]{ h:tf ;d:of ljBdfg /x]sf 5g\ .

e"–pkof]uM ;+efjgf tyf cj;/x¿ ljutsf s]xL jif{ otf v/af/L, kfvf, sfGnf, vf]N;f / 3/ jl/k/L

j[Iff/f]k0f ug]{, 8fn]3fF; nufpg] k|j[lQn] ubf{ ufpFdf xl/ofnL a9]sf] 5 .

jg pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] u7g tyf jg x:tfGt/0f / ;fd'bflos jgsf] If]qkmndf aif]{gL j[l4 ePsf] 5 . o;af6 jg If]qsf] Joj:yfkgdf ;fd'bflos cu|;/tf a9]sf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{ @)%&÷)%* ;Dddf ;fd'bflos jgsf] If]qkmn !&#)! x]= k'u]sf] 5 .

b'u{d / u|fdL0f a:tLx¿af6 a];L, ;8s 5]p jf ahf/ If]qdf a;fOF ;g]{ qmd a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

;8s ;'ljwf, ljB't, ;+rf/ h:tf k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;n] ubf{ ;8s glhssf If]qdf a:tL ljsf; lj:tf/ x'g] ;Defjgf 5 . o;nfO{ ;dod} Jojl:yt ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

gu/f]Gd'v If]qsf] e"–pkof]uM ljBdfg ;d:of / ;jfnx¿ v]tLof]Uo hldg cfjf;df kl/0ft x'Fb} uPsf] kfOG5 . a:tLsf] nflu cof]Uo -e"–Ifo, gbL s6fg x'g] / a9L eL/fnf]_ If]qdf

klg cfjf; lgdf{0f ug]{ qmd hf/L 5 . o:tf] If]qsf] e"–pkof]usf] of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]

{df ;f] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . v'nf 9n k|0ffnL, cJojl:yt a;f]jf; / hg;+Vofsf] rfksf] sf/0fn]

kmf]x/d}nf a9\g] / kfgLsf] d'xfg k|b"if0f x'g] qmd a9\b} uPsf] 5 .

gu/f]Gd'v If]qM e"–pkof]u ;+efjgf / cj;/x¿ lhNnfsf] ef}uf]lns l:yltnfO{ dWogh/ /fvL ;DefJo ahf/

If]qnfO{ Jojl:yt gu/df kl/0ft ug{ gu/ ljsf; of]hgf agfO{ nfu" ug{ ;s] lhNnfsf] zx/Ls/0f k|lqmofnfO{ ;xL 9+un] n}hfg ;lsg] b]lvG5 .

@=!=$ df6f]sf] agfa6o; lhNnfsf] w]/} h;f] efu Hofb} eL/fnf] / 7"nf–7"nf r§fgn] ag]sf 8fF8f–sfF8fx¿n] 3]l/Psf] / 7"nf kmfF6x¿ gePsf sf/0f v]tLof]Uo hldg s"n hldgsf] !$=*@Ü dfq /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfdf #)*%^ x]= v]tLof]Uo hdLg /x]sf] 5 . s"n v]tLof]Uo hdLg dWo] !($(* x]= -

11

^#=!*Ü_ df v]tL ul/Psf] 5 . h; dWo] ##$* x]= -!&=!&Ü_ v]t / !^!%) x]= -*@=*#Ü_ kfvf] kb{5 . jfx|} dlxgf l;+rfO ;'ljwf pknAw x'g] @(%=(% x]= v]t jfx]s afFsL v]tdf df};dL jiff{sf] e/df v]tL ug'{kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] 5 . oxfF clwsf+z v]tx¿ gbL lsgf/fsf ;dtn 6f/x¿ ePsf]n] df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm /fd|f] 5 . t/ cGo v]t / kfvf]x¿sf] pj{/fzlQm ;Lldt ePsf] / l;+rfOsf] ;'ljwf gePsf]n] jif{sf] Ps k6s dfq v]tL ug]{ ul/G5 .

gbLn] s6fg u/L agfPsf vf]+r, a]zLx¿df kfFuf], anf}6] tyf v}/f] bf]d6 df6f] kfOG5 . of] df6f]df s]xL cDnLokg x'g'sf ;fy} af]/f]g tTjsf] sdL 5 . clwsf+z kxf8L If]qdf k|f+ufl/s tTj sd ePsf] anf}6] tyf 9'+Uofg df6f] kfOG5 / st} st} dfq /fd|f] lrD6\ofOnf] df6f] kfOG5 . ef}uf]lns cj:yf / df6f]sf] jgfj6sf af/]df :ynut ?kdf 7f]; Pj+ kof{Kt tYof+s pknAw gePsf]n] o;sf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f x'g afFsL g} 5 .

df6f]sf] jgfj6, hdLgsf] :j?k / xfjfkfgLn] df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm -Ifdtf_ lgwf{/0f u/]sf] x'G5 . oL tTjx¿sf] cfwf/df x]bf{ DofUbL lhNnfsf] df6f]df lgDg ;d:of / ;Defjgfx¿ /x]sf 5g\M– clwsf+z hdLgsf] :j?k / df6f]sf] jgfj6 v's"nf] ePsfn]

o;tkm{ Wofg lbO{ kof{oj/0fLo Iflt gk'Ug] u/L k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

lhNnfsf] clwsf+z hdLg a9L eL/fnf] ePsf]n] klx/f] tyf e"–Ifosf] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 . #)) eGbf a9L eL/fnf] hldgdf v]tL ubf{ ux|f agfP/ dfq v]tL ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

s[lif jg (Agro-forestry) sf] k|a4{gdf Wofg lbg'kg]{ b]lvG5 . df6f] k/LIf0f gu/L hyfefjL ?kdf /f;folgs dnsf] k|of]un] df6f]sf]

pj{/fzlQmdf x|f; cfpg yfn]sf] 5 .

@=!=% e"–IFo ;+efljt IF]qDofUbL lhNnfsf] ;Dk"0f{ e"–efu kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qdf kg]{ ePsf]n] clwsf+z hldg eL/fnf] /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfdf cJojl:yt lgdf{0f -l;+rfO, ;8s cflb_, jg cltqmd0f cflb sf/0fn] a9L e"–Ifo / e"–:vng x'g] u/]sf] 5 . gbL lsgf/sf v]tx¿df gbL s6fg x'g] / af9L cfpg] x'Fbf v]tx¿ st} aufP/ / st} k'l/P/ au/df kl/0ft x'g] qmd a9\bf] 5 . To:t} #)) eGbf a9L eL/fnf] hldgdf klg ux|f gagfO{ v]tL ug]{ ul/Psf] x'Fbf To:tf 7fpFx¿df e"–Ifo / klx/f] hfg] ;Defjgf a9L b]lvG5 . oxfF s"n If]qkmnsf] em08} &)Ü hldgdf ;fgf / afFsL #)Ü hldgdf 7"nf e"–Ifosf ;d:ofx¿ cfpg ;Sg] b]lvG5 . d'bL, lad, lrdvf]nf, tftf]kfgL, ?d, lg:sf]6, cd{g, a/+hf, l;+uf, cy'Ë], 3tfg, lkKn] / lem+ uf=lj=;=df klx/f]sf] k|sf]k a9L b]lvPsf] 5 .

jftfj/0fLo ;+j]bgzLn If]q

12

jftfj/0fLo ;+j]bgzLntfsf] cfwf/df o; lhNnfnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf If]qx¿df juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5M–1. af9Laf6 k|efljt If]q÷8'jfg If]q .2. e"–Ifo÷klx/f]af6 k|efljt If]q .3. jg cltqmd0f÷jftfj/0fLo gfz ePsf] If]q .4. ;LdfGt e"ld k|of]u ePsf] If]q .5. e"sDkaf6 k|efljt x'g ;Sg] If]q .6. cGo b}jL k|sf]ksf] 36gf x'g ;Sg] If]q .

@=@= hg;+Vof@=@=! hg;+Vof ljj/0f tyf k|If]k0f

@)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ o; lhNnfsf] s"n hg;+Vof !,!%,%$$ /x]sf] 5 . o;dWo] k'?ifsf] hg;+Vof %#,()! / dlxnfsf] hg;+Vof ^!,^$# 5 . @)$* ;fndf oxfFsf] s"n hg;+Vof !,)),%%@ dWo] k'?ifsf] hg;+Vof $&,&#$ / dlxnfsf] hg;+Vof %@,*!* lyof] . @)$* ;fnb]lv @)%* ;fn;Dd !) jif{sf] cjlwdf oxfFsf] jflif{s hg;+Vof a[l4b/ !=#& k|ltzt ePsf] b]lvG5 . of] j[l4b/nfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfsf] clGtd cfly{s jif{ @)^#÷^$ df oxfFsf] s"n hg;+Vof !,@%,#&# dWo] k'?if %*,$*^ / dlxnf ^^,**& k'Ug] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . oxfFsf] n}+lus cg'kft dlxnf k'?ifsf] );*&^ /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] u|fdL0f hg;+Vof @)%* ;fndf !,)^,%$$ 5 eg] zx/L hg;+Vof (,))) dfq 5 . oxfFsf] hg3gTj %%=%@ k|lt ju{ ls=dL= 5 . oxfFsf] s"n 3/ kl/jf/ ;+Vof @$,^&! /x]sf] 5 / cf};tdf k|lt kl/jf/ ;b:o ;+Vof $=^* /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] cf};t hg;+Vof a[l4b/ @=#& k|ltzt eGbf o; lhNnfsf] cf};t hg;+Vof j[l4b/ !Ü sd /xg'df o; lhNnfaf6 a;fOF ;/fOF u/L t/fO{ tyf zx/L If]qdf hfg] k|a[ltn] ubf{ xf] eGg ;lsG5 .

tflnsf gDa/ #hg;+Vofsf] k|If]k0f

ljj/0f hgu0fgf @)$*

hgu0fgf @)%*

@)^$

s"n hg;+Vof 100552 !!%%$$ 125373

k"?if 47734 %#()! 58486

dlxnf 52818 ^!^$# 66887

s"n 3/ kl/jf/ 20696 @$^&!cf};t kl/jf/ 4=9 $=^*hg3gTj k|lt ju{ ls=dL= 51 %%=%@s"n k|hgg b/ 4=21 $=@)%sf]/f hGd b/ ##=!!%hg;+Vof a[l4b/ 0=4 !=#& %sf]/f d[To' b/ (=^%

13

;/b/ cfo' %(=&a;fOF ;/fOF *)) -$%_a:tL ;+Vof %&( %&(ljjfxsf] cf};t pd]/ jif{ !( d= !(,

k'=@@;|f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYofÍ ljefu

14

tflnsf gDa/ $ pd]/ cg';f/sf] hg;+Vofsf] k|If]k0f

pd]/ ;d"x @)$* -Ü_ @)$* @)%* )^$hDdf k"?if dlxnf hDdf k"?if dlxnf hDdf k"?if dlxnf hDdf k"?if dlxnf

hDdf hg;+Vof

100552 47734 52818 115544 53901 61643 125373 58486 66887

! jif{ eGbf sd 3=1 3=3 3 3117 1575 1585 3582 1779 1849 3887 1930 2007

! jif{b]lv @ jif{;Dd

5=6 6 5=1 5631 2864 2694 6470 3234 3144 7021 3509 3411

# jif{b]lv % jif{;Dd

8=9 9=3 8=4 8949 4439 4437 10283 5013 5178 11158 5439 5619

^ jif{b]lv !) jif{;Dd

13=4 14 12==6 13474 6683 6655 15483 7546 7767 16800 8188 8428

!! jif{b]lv !# jif{;Dd

7=7 8=1 7=2 7743 3866 3803 8897 4366 4438 9654 4737 4816

!$ jif{b]lv !% jif{;Dd

4=7 4=9 4=5 4726 2339 2377 5431 2641 2774 5893 2866 3010

!^ jif{b]lv $( jif{;Dd

41=9 38=6 42=5 42131 18425 22448 48413 20806 26198 52531 22576 28427

%) jif{b]lv ^) jif{;Dd

8=8 9 8=8 8849 4296 4648 10168 4851 5425 11033 5264 5886

^! aif{b]lv &% jif{;Dd

5=5 5=9 5 5530 2816 2641 6355 3180 3082 6896 3451 3344

&% jif{ eGbf dfly

0=4 0=9 0=9 905 430 475 1040 485 555 1128 526 602

:s"n pd]/sf hg; 25=8 27 24=3 25942 12888 12835 29810 14553 14979 32346 15791 16254

15

+Vof -^ aif{b]lv !%aif{;Dd_cfly{s b[li6n] ;ls|o hgzlQm - !^ aif{b]lv ^) aif{;Dd_

50=7 47=6 51=3 50980 22721 27096 58581 25657 31623 63564 27839 34313

;|f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYofÍ ljefu Pj+ tYofÍ ljZn]if0f

b|i6JoM– pk/f]Qm tflnsf @)$* ;fnsf] tYofÍnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL @)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfsf] k|f/lDes glthfnfO{ ljZn]if0f u/L pd]/ ;d"x ljefhg ul/Psf] / @)^$ ;fndf k'Ug] hg;+Vof k|If]k0f ul/Psf] Pj+ ;f]xL cg';f/ pd]/ ;d"x 5'6\ØfOPsf] xf] .

16

pd]/sf] cfwf/df -tflnsf g+= $ cg';f/_ hg;+Vof ljZn]if0f ubf{ o; lhNnfdf ;a}eGbf a9L hg;+Vof %)=&Ü !^ jif{b]lv ^) jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf] 5 . of] ;d"x cfly{s ?kdf ;ls|o hg;+Vofsf] ?kdf lnOG5 . To;}n] oxfF dfgjLo ;|f]tsf ;+efjgfx¿ pRr /x]sf] dfGg ;lsG5 . o:t} ljBfno hfg] pd]/ ;d"x -5 b]lv !% jif{;Dd_ sf] :yfg bf];|f] cyf{t\ @%=*Ü /x]sf] 5 .

18

tflnsf gDa/ %uf=lj=;= cg';f/sf] hg;+Vof ljj/0f

l;=g+ uf=lj=;= If]qkmn

-x]=_hg;+Vof @)%* hDdf#/;+Vof k"?if dlxnf

! cy{'Ë] 512 1245 3939 3728 7667

@ s'Og]d+Ën] 23516 254 683 792 1475

# 3tfg 1157 847 1942 2289 4231

$ lrdvf]nf 5796 301 902 1011 1913

% lem+ 795 309 581 708 1289

^ Hofd?ssf]6 969 652 1626 1821 3447

& bUgfd 1954 243 572 690 1262

* Gof/Rofª 31437 411 872 1024 1896

( kfvfkfgL 3954 580 103 1541 2844

!) kfTn]v]t 678 404 814 964 1778

!! /fv'lkKn] 1016 822 1907 2210 4117

!@ bf]jf 2582 291 582 645 1227

!# k'nfrf}/ 1181 756 1646 2003 3649

!$ elsDnL 1670 658 1561 1979 3584

!% /fv'eujtL 1095 734 1605 1973 3584

!^ e"–tftf]kfgL 1120 180 423 469 892

!& /Tg]rf}/ 639 470 1119 1363 2482

!* /fDr] 2867 512 889 1120 2118

!( lzv 10231 1225 2630 3077 5707

@) a]uvf]nf 2559 389 1124 1244 2368

@! l;+uf 819 650 1492 1824 3316

@@

lx:tfgd08nL 2803 520 993 1175 2168

@#

bfgf 5860 411 989 1024 2013

@$ cd{g 2678 847 2018 2425 4444

@%

cf]v/af]6 2961 417 1156 1215 2371

@^

s'x'F 2024 739 1641 1975 3616

@&

u'hf{ 28489 176 511 540 1051

@* a/+hf 3110 1005 2453 2768 5221

@( afljofrf}/ 859 642 1484 1619 3103

#) b/jfª 1891 687 1530 1848 3378

#! tfsd 1781 793 1874 2134 4008

#@

lg:sf]6 1677 399 1080 1124 2204

## b]jL:yfg 3040 685 1593 2090 3683

19

#$ d/fË 1465 392 869 1069 1938

#%

dNsafË 3748 307 765 865 1630

#^ ljd 1607 400 870 1034 1904

#& d'bL 50156 730 1188 1294 2482

#* ?d 3812 1029 2902 3002 5304

#( n'nfË 12521 269 645 718 1363

$) d'gf 2677 452 1019 1248 2267

hDdf 229706 22833 53901 61643 115544

;|f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYof° ljefupk/f]Qm tflnsf cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf ;a}eGbf a9L hg;+Vof ePsf] uf=lj=;= cy{'Ë] To;kl5 qmdzM ?d, lzv, a/+hf / cd{g uf=lj=;=x¿ /x]sf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf sd hg;+Vof ePsf uf=lj=;=x¿ qmdzM e"–tftf]kfgL, u'hf{, bf]jf, bUgfd / lem+ /x]sf 5g\ .

@=@=@ wd{, hflt tyf hghflt / efiff l:yltDofUbL lhNnf ljleGg hflt tyf hghfltn] a;f]af; u/]sf] lhNnf xf] . oxfF ;a}eGbf a9L hg;+Vof du/ hghfltsf] 5 . To;kl5 If]qL, sfdL, a|fx\d0f / cGo hflt hghfltsf] 5 . logLx¿df (*Ü eGbf a9Ln] lxGb" wd{ dfGb5g\ . To;kl5 af}4 wd{ dfGg]x¿ kb{5g\ . oxfF O;fO{ / d'l:nd wd{ dfGg]x¿sf] ;+Vof guGo 5 . hfltut tyf wfld{s cfwf/df hg;+Vof ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ ^hfltut cfwf/df hg;+Vof

l;=g+=

hft w/w'/L hg;+Vof k|ltzt

! du/ !!!*^ %@#%) 45=30@ If]qL $@(& @)!!) 17=40

# sfdL @(*& !#(&! 12=09

$ a|fx\d0f !*^# *&!( 7=55% bdfO{ !@*! ^)!& 5=20^ ;fsL{ &!@ ###@ 2=88& 5GTofn ^*( #@@$ 2=79* 7s'/L %!$ @$)% 2=08( g]jf/ #^# !^(* 1=47!) ysfnL ##@ !%%$ 1=34!! u'?ª @@$ !)$* 0=90!@ lu/L ^& #!# 0=27!# cGo !^! *)# 0=69

hDdf @$^&! !!%%$$ !)) %;|f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYofÍ ljefu

20

tflnsf gDa/ &wfld{s cfwf/df hg;+Vof

l;=g+=

wd{ ;+Vof k|ltzt

! lxGb" !!#%&( (*=#)@ af}4 !&@@ !=$(# O;fO{ !!^ )=!)$ d'ndfg !! )=)!% cGo !!^ )=!)

hDdf !!%%$$ !))

@=@=#a:tL cg';f/ hg;+Vof ljj/0fo; lhNnfdf d'Vo tLgj6f gbLx¿ sfnLu08sL, DofUbL / /3'u+ufsf] pkTosf / hnfwf/nfO{ k5\ØfpFb} oxfFsf] a:tL km}lnPsf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf oxfFsf] d'Vo a:tL a]gL ahf/nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . h'g sfnLu08sL / DofUbL gbLsf] ;+ud:yndf cjl:yt 5 . of] ahf/ o; lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd ePsf] / zx/L a:tL ;d]t ePsf]n] oxfFsf] hg;+Vof / hg3gTj ;a} eGbf a9L /x]sf] 5 . DofUbL lhNnfsf k|d'v a:tLx¿ / ltgsf] hg;+Vof lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

l;=g+

a:tL hg;+Vof

l;=g+

a:tL hg;+Vof

! a]gL 1260 @ tf]/LkfgL 813

# lrdvf]nf 690 $ bUgfd 703

% kfTn]v]t 807 ^ k'nfrf}/ 340

& gofFufpF -k'nfrf}/_

203 * tf]/fv]t -elsDnL_ 350

( eujtL 177 !) /Tg]rf}/ b]p/fnL 317

!! l;+uf 373 !@ bfgf 110

21

!# cd{g 340 !$ tfsd 536

!% wf/fkfgL -tfsd_ 1054 !^ afljofrf}/ 327

!& b/jfª 337 !* d'bL 1014

!( u'hf{vfgL 823 @) dNsjfª 340

@! dnDkf/ 927 @@

3f]/]kfgL 156

@# e"–tftf]kfgL 63;|f]tM Rapid Rural Appraisal Survey, 2056

lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, DofUbL

a:tL ljsf;sf ljBdfg ;d:of tyf ;jfnx¿ a;f]af;sf nflu cg'ko'Qm eL/fnf], e"–Ifo, gbLs6fg x'g] :yfg, ;8s

clwsf/ If]q / ;/sf/L e"ld cltqmd0f u/L a:tL a:g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . a:tLdf kfs{, v'Nnf 7fpF, v]n d}bfg cflbsf] k|aGw ul/Psf] 5}g /

oL s'/fx¿sf] cfjZostf ;DjGwL r]tgf ;d]t sd /x]sf] kfOG5 . lj:tf/ x'Fb} u/]sf a:tLx¿df ;d]t oL s'/fsf] k|aGwdf s'g} larf/ ul/Psf] b]lv+b}g .

a:tL ljsf; ;DjGwL of]hgf / To;sf] sfof{Gjogsf] cefjn] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ Pj+ ;]jf la:tf/df sl7gfO pTkGg ePsf] kfOG5 . ;fy} cJojl:yt a;f]af;sf] ;d:of klg b]lvG5 .

kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg / 9n lgsf;sf] ;d:of b]lvG5 . lgjf{xd'vL s[lif k|0ffnL, hfltut cfwf/df a;f]af;df leGgtf x'g] / k|

To]s k':tfdf k}t[s ;DklQsf] ljv08gn] ubf{ a:tLx¿ kftnf] /x]sf] kfOG5 .

e"–pkof]u, jftfj/0fLo b[li6sf]0f, cfly{s cj;/ / ;+efjgf tyf ;fdflhs Gofosf b[li6n] k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; gu/L xr'jf ?kdf k"jf{wf/ l;h{gf u/]sf] kfOG5 .

j:tL ljsf;sf ;+efjgf tyf cj;/x¿M zx/Ls/0f tkm{ pGd'v j:tLx¿nfO{ lglZrt dfkb08 cg';f/ a:tL

ljsf; ;DjGwL of]hgf agfO{ Jojl:yt ?kdf a:tL ljsf; ug{ ;s]df cfly{s ljsf; Pj+ j:tL ljsf;nfO{ PsLs[t ?kdf cl3 a9fpg ;lsg] ;+efjgf ljBdfg 5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/L k|fKt u/L cfocfh{g ug]{ dflg;n] ahf/ If]qdf 3/ agfpg rfxg] k|j[lQ a9\b} uPsf]n]] a:tL ljsf; of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;s]df of] k|j[lQnfO{ Jojl:yt j:tL ljsf;df pkof]u ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf 5 .

@=# lhNnfsf] cfly{s tyf /f]huf/ l:ylt@=#=! s"n ufx{:y pTkfbg / k|lt JolQm cfog]kfn dfgj ljsf; k|ltj]bg, !((* cg';f/ o; lhNnfsf] s"n ufx{:y pTkfbg s/Lj ?= !,!$,(^,^@,))).– / k|lt JolQm cfo ?=(,))).– /x]sf] 5 t/ uf]i7Ldf ;xefuLx¿sf] If]qut cg'dfg cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf s"n ufx{:y

22

pTkfbg / k|ltJolQm cfo qmdzM ?= @,!),(^,^@,))).– / ? !*,@%*.– /x]sf] 5 . of] j[l4sf] k|d'v sf/0f xfn}sf jif{x¿df j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg]x¿sf] ;+Vof / cfDbfgL a[l4 ePsf] dfGg ;lsG5 .

@=#=@= >d zlQm tyf /f]huf/ l:ylt@)%* ;fnsf] /fli6«o hgu0fgf cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf cfly{s ?kn] ;s[o hgzlQm %*%*! /x]sf] 5 . of] !^ b]lv ^) jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf] hg;+Vof xf] . Ps cWoog cg';f/ xfn o; lhNnfdf /f]huf/sf] l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ ePsf] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ *s"n ufx{:y pTkfbg

l;=g+

If]qs"n u|f=p=-?=xhf/

df_k|ltzt

/f]huf

/k|

ltzt

! s[lif 650022 30=81 55607 74=8@ jg 9000 0=427 2000 2=69# kz'kfng 190000 9=006 1101 1=48$ vfgL 800 0=038 300 0=4% pBf]u 102940 4=879 2821 3=79^ lgdf{0f 10000 0=474 1000 1=34& Jofkf/ 100000 4=74 470 0=63* /]i6'/]06 tyf xf]6n 19200 0=91 241 0=32( oftfoft ;+rf/ 10000 0=474 100 0=13!) ljQ tyf 3/ hUuf 50000 2=37 100 0=13!! ;fd'bflos tyf ;fdflhs ;]jfx¿ 1000 0=047 1627 2=19!@ ko{6g 6700 0\318 1000 1=34!# a}b]lzs /f]huf/ 960000 45=5 8000 10=8

hDdf 2109662 100 74367 100

23

@)%^ ;fndf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltaf6 ul/Psf] tYofÍ ;+sngnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ;xeflutfTds lhNnf ljsf; sfo{qmdn] tof/ u/]sf] k|ltj]bg cg';f/ k]zfut

?kdf o; lhNnfsf] ;s[o hgzlQm lgDg cg';f/ /f]huf/df /x]sf] kfOG5M–tflnsf gDa/ !)

If]qut /f]huf/l;=g+=

If]q;+nUg hgzlQm k|

ltztdlxnf k'?if hDdf

! s[lif 25897 29710 55607 85=08@ ;/sf/L ;]jf 297 1030 1327 2=02# Jofkf/÷Joj;fo 210 260 470 0=73$ a}b]lzs /f]huf/ 93 1957 2050 3=14% 3/fo;L sfd 3657 497 4154 6=36^ cGo 600 1147 1747 2=67

hDdf 30753 34600 65353 100;|f]t M ;=lh=lj=sf= l/kf]6{, dO{ @))!

@=#=# e"–:jfldTj tyf vfBfGg l:yltclwsf+z hgtfx¿ s[lifdf cfwfl/t /x]sf] o; lhNnfdf e"–:jfldTj tyf vfBfGg l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] b]lvG5M–

tflnsf gDa/ !!e"–:jfldTj tyf vfBfGg l:ylt

s[lif e"ldsf] :jfldTj

;+Vof kl/jf/

k|ltzt vfBfGg l:ylt

kl/jf/ ;

+Vofk|

ltzte"ld lxg 2283 10=00 ! jif{ eGbf a9L

k'Ug] 2055 9=00

)=!–)=@% x]= 1556 5=5 (–!@ dlxgf;Dd k'Ug]

4749 20=80

24

)=@^–)=%) x]=

4568 20=00 ^–( dlxgf;Dd k'Ug]

7055 30=9

)=%!–!=)) x]= 12101 53=00 #–^ dlxgf;Dd k'Ug]

4498 19=7

!=)) x]= eGbf dfly

2625 11=5 # dlxgf eGbf sd k'Ug]

4475 19=6

hDdf 22832 100 22832 100

;|f]tM dfnkf]t sfof{no, DofUbL Pj+ tYofÍ ljZn]if0f@=#=$= u/LaL l:yltof] lhNnfdf u/LaLsf] l:ylt Psbd rsf]{ ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . oxfF Ps jif{;Dd cfˆg} pTkfbgn] vfg gk'Ug]x¿sf] ;+Vof em08} &)Ü ePsf] pk/f]Qm tYofÍaf6 k|:6 x'G5 . o;df tLg dlxgf;Dd klg vfg gk'Ug]x¿sf] ;+Vof nueu @)Ü / tLgb]lv 5 dlxgf;Dd vfg k'Ug]x¿sf] ;+Vof klg ;f]xL xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] 5 . oxfFsf] hg;+Vofsf] ;a}eGbf a9L efu 5 b]lv gf} dlxgf;Dd cfˆg} pTkfbgn] k'¥ofpg ;Sg]x¿sf] 5 . oxfFsf] hg;+Vofsf] w]/}h;f] sdfO{ xftd'v hf]g{ g} l7Ss x'g] x'gfn] cGo If]qdf nufgL x'g ;Sg] l:ylt Psbd} Go"g /x]sf] 5 .

e"–:jfldTjsf] lx;fan] x]bf{ klg oxfF !)Ü kl/jf/ e"ldlxg cyf{t ;'s'Daf;L /x]sf 5g\ . o:t} cfwf x]S6/ eGbf sd s[lif e"ld x'g] kl/jf/sf] lx:;f #%=%Ü /x]sf] 5 . u/LaLsf] l:ylt ljZn]if0f ubf{ ;a} eGbf a9L u/La n'nfª uf=lj=;=df /x]sf 5g\ . hftLo ?kn] x]bf{ ;aeGbf u/La qmdzM bdfO{, sfdL, ;fsL{ / du/ hftx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf clt u/La, u/La tyf ;fdfGo cfly{s:t/ ePsf kl/jf/x¿ a:g] uf=lj=;=x¿ lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\M–

tflnsf gDa/ !@uf=lj=;=ut u/LaL l:ylt

clt u/LaL u/LaL ;fdfGo ! n'nfË ! l;+uf @ k'nfrf}/ ! /Tg]rf}/@ u'hf{ # Hofd?ssf]6 $ 3tfg @ cy{'Ë]# d'bL % kfTn]v]t ^ lkKn] # lzv$ d'gf & eujtL * lrdvf]nf% s'O{g]d+un]

(=j]uvf]nf !)=lx:tfg d08nL

^ dNsjfª !!=bfgf !@=gf/RofË& d/fª !# tftf]fkfgL !$ bf]jf* ?d !%=afljofrf}/ !^=a/+hf( cf]v/af]6 !& s'x'F' !* b/jfª!) elsDnL !(=kfvfkfgL @)=lem!! bUgfd @! tfsd @@ ljd!@ /fDr] @# b]jL:yfg

25

!# lg:sf]6!$ cd{g

@=#=% lhNnfdf lelqg] / lhNnf aflx/ hfg] /sdsf ;|f]tx¿o; lhNnfdf lelqg] /sdx¿sf] clwsf+z lx:;f a}b]lzs /f]huf/Laf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . ;=lh=la=sf= sf] k|ltj]bg @)%* cg';f/ oxfFaf6 a}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf nflu ef/t tyf t];|f] d'n's hfkfg, ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, hd{gL, ;fpbL c/]ljof, stf/, dn]lzof cflb b]zx¿df hfg]x¿sf] ;+Vof @)%) ePtfklg Ps cg'dfg cg';f/ xfn ;f] ;+Vofdf tLa| j[l4 eO{ s/La *))) k'u]sf]] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . logLx¿af6 dfl;s k|ltJolQm ?= !),))).– sf b/n] jflif{s ?kdf ?= (^ s/f]8 lelqg] cg'dfg 5 . >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L sfof{nox¿nfO{ cf=j=)%^÷%& df ?=!#,^^,!%,**&.– cg'bfg k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} lhNnfl:yt :yfgLo lgsfox¿nfO{ >L % sf] ;/sf/n] pQm cf=j=df ?=#,%*,)%,*!!.– cg'bfg lbPsf] lyof] . o:t} u/]/ pQm cf=j=df a}b]lzs ;xof]u k|fKt cfof]hgfx¿af6 :yfgLo txdf nufgL ?=!,##,^!,@*%.– ePsf] ;fy} oxfF ko{6g If]qaf6 pQm cf=j=df ?=^& nfv cfDbfgL ePsf] cg'dfg /x]sf] 5 .

o; lhNnfdf cfjZos kg]{ vfBGg, kz'k+IfL, nQf–sk8f, cf}+iflw, s[lif ;fdfu|L cflb vl/b ug{ lhNnfaf;Lx¿sf] cfDbfgLsf] 7"nf] lx:;f aflx/ hfg] u/]sf] 5 . o:t} Jofkf/Lx¿n] cfh{g u/]sf] d'gfkmf, sd{rf/Lsf] tnj, ;/sf/L /fhZj cflbsf] ?kdf ;d]t /sd lhNnf aflx/ hfg] u/]sf] 5 . o;/L aflx/ hfg] /sd lhNnfdf x'g] cfDbfgLsf] s/Lj *)Ü lx:;f /x]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

@=$= s[lif l:ylt@=$=!= s[lif pTkfbg l:ylto; lhNnfdf v]tLof]Uo hldg Hofb} Go"g /x]sf] 5 . v]tLof]Uo hldg !($(* x]S6/ -;Dk"0f{ e"–efusf] s/La *=$*Ü_ /x]sf]df l;+lrt If]q Hofb} sd 5 . s[lif of]Uo hldgdf hg3gTj #=&$ k|ltx]S6/ /x]sf] 5 . sfnL u08sL / DofUbL vf]nfzvn] agfPsf] kmfF6 tyf a]zLx¿ g} vfBfGg pTkfbgsf] nflu pkof]udf cfpg] If]q x'g\ . o; lhNnfsf] vfBfGg pTkfbsTj b'O{ d]l6«s6g k|lt x]S6/ 5 . oxfF s[lif pTkfbgsf] jflif{s cf};t a[l4b/ @=% k|ltzt Pj+ afnL ;3gtf

26

@#)Ü /x]sf] 5 . oxfF k|ltJolQm vfBfGg pTkfbg $^^=$% s]=hL= /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ !#afnL If]q / pTkfbsTj

l;=g+

afnLsf] gfd

If]qkmn -x]=_ km/

s

pTkfbsTj (MT/HA) pTkfbg d]=6g=)

%@÷%#

)%&÷%*

)%@÷%#

)%&÷%*

km/s Ü

)%@÷%#

)%&÷%*

km/s Ü

1 wfg 3348 3348 0 2=6 2=25 0=35 8705 8771 0=762 ux“' 2512 2990 ±

±®478

2=2 2=0 0=20 11098 8613 –22=39

3 ds} 10050 10590 ®540

2=0 2=38 ®0=38

21100 30365 43=91

4 sf]bf] 4175 2808 1367 1=0 0=80 0=20 4175 2421=6 –$@=

)5 hf}÷

pjf500 565 ®65 1=0 0=85 0=15 750 540 –

@*=)

6 cfn' 1230 1380 ®150

7=3 7=3 ®0=00

8979 9720 8=25

7 kmnkm"n

179 270 ®91 7=15 8=35 ®0=84

1645 1915=9 16=47

8 t/sf/L 536 603 ®67 5=94 9=93 ®3=99

3184 5978=2 87=75

9 t]nxg 855 91 6=4310 bnxg 355 559=71 +

57=66hDdf 22530 22554 24 60846 68974 8128

27

;|f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, DofUbLpk/f]Qm tflnsf cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf ljut % jif{df s[lif If]qdf lgDg cg';f/sf] k|j[lQ b]lvPsf] 5M– sf]bf] v]tL ug]{ If]qkmn ##Ü n] 36]sf] . wfgv]tL ul/g] If]qkmndf j[l4 gePsf] . s[lif If]qkmn @$ x]S6/ -)=!)Ü_ dfq j[l4 ePsf] . wfg, uxF'+, sf]bf], hf}÷pjfsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj b'j}df X|f; cfPsf] . kmnkm"n lj?jf pTkfbg ug]{ Joj;fo ;fdfGo j[l4 ePsf] . ds}, kmnkm"n / t/sf/Ldf qmdzM !(Ü !!=&$Ü / ^&=!&Ü n]

pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 ePsf] . cfn'sf] pTkfbsTjdf vf;} j[l4 x'g g;s]sf] . ds}, cfn', t]nxg, bnxg, kmnkm"n / t/sf/L÷d;nfsf] pTkfbg qmdzM

$#=(!Ü, *=@%Ü, ^=$#Ü, %&=^^Ü, !^=$&Ü / *&=&%Ü n] a[l4 ePsf] .

tflnsf gDa/ !$vfBfGg tyf gub] afnLx¿sf] ks]6 If]qx¿

l;=g+=

afln ks]6 If]q -uf=lj=;=x¿_

! wfg afljofrf}/, /Tg]rf}/, Hofd?ssf]6, l;+uf, k'nfrf}/ cd{g, lkKn], kfTn]v]t, 3tfg, tfsd, euatL cflb .

@ sf]bf], uxF'+,

cy'{Ë], b/jfª, tfsd, kfTn]v]t, s'x'F, /Tg]rf}/, Hofd?ssf]6, afljofrf}/, k'nfrf}/, d'gf, cd{g, a/+hf,

28

ds} gf/RofË, lzv, lkKn], eujtL, elsDnL cflb .# hf}÷pjf lrdvf]nf, bf]jf, s'Og]d+un], d'bL, u'hf{, lx:tfg,

/fDr], lzv cflb .$ cfn' lzv, s'Og]d+un], kfvfkfgL, elsDnL, /fDr], lx:tfg,

d/fË, d'bL, u'hf{ cflb .% t/sf/L cy'{Ë], Hofd?ssf]6, /Tg]rf}/, l;+uf, afljofrf}/,

b/afª 3tfg, a]uvf]nf, lzv, bfgf, kfTn]v]t, k'nfrf}/ cflb .

^ cn}rL, skmL

bf]jf, j]uvf]nf, eujtL, ?d, lg:sf]6, cf]v/af]6 s'x'F, elsDnL, cd{g, lx:tfg, Hofd?ssf]6 cflb .

& gub] afnLx¿

l;+uf, Hofd?ssf]6, k'nfrf}/, cy'{Ë], /Tg]rf}/ cflb .

;|f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, DofUbL

tflnsf gDa/ !%kmnkm"nsf] ks]6 If]qx¿

l;=g+=

kmnkm"n ks]6 If]q -uf=lj=;=x¿_

! ;'Gtnf 3tfg, eujtL, kfTn]v]t, aLd, lkKn], cf]v/af]6, b/afª, l;+uf / bfgf .

@ h'gf/ 3tfg, eujtL, kfTn]v]t / lkKn] .# sfutL 3tfg, lkKn], eujtL / elsDnL .$ cf? /fDr] / lzv .


29

tflnsf gDa/ !^vfBfGg pTkfbg tyf pkof]u l:ylt

-cf=a= @)%^÷)%&_

qm=; afnL

If]qkmn

x]S6/

pTkfbg

d]=6=

pTkfbsTj

d]=6=÷x]=

aLpdf k|of]u

kz'kIfL

cfxf/

dlb/f pTkfbg

Iflt gf]S;fg

L

vfBfGgdf k|of]u d]=6=

lhNnfsf] nflu

cfjZostf

a9L-+_

36L-–_

s}lkmot

! wfg 3348 8765 2=62 190-2=17_

1814-2=07_

360=8-4=11_

1750=4-19=97_

3769 3979 -5=57

@ ds} 10580 30365 2=87 421-1=38_

7661=50-

25=23_

6099=20-

20=09_

6330=51-11=95_

12552=79 11812 +5=90

# ux'F 2970 8613 2=90 416-4=83_

250=3-2=90_

400=5-4=65_

2122=60-24=64_

5423=6 4923 +9=23

$ sf]bf] 3027 2421=6 0=80 65-2=68_

120=5-4=97_

80050-33=05_

470-19=41_

965=6 965=0 +0

% hf}÷pjf 555 540 0=97 62-11=48_

134=7-24=94_

198=35-36=73_

129=93-24=06_

15=02 17=02 -13=31

^ cfn' 1350 9720 7=20 376-38=68_

582059=87_

140 150 -7=14 t/sf/Ldf k|of]u

hDdf 2130 60424=6 4914 8348=4 7949 1393=40 22866 2185=02 +1014


cf=j= )%^÷%& df o; lhNnfsf] s"n hg;+Vof !)*&!^ cg'dfg ul/Psf] / ;f] cg';f/ vfBfGg l:yltsf] ljZn]if0f u/L tof/ ul/Psf] pk/f]Qm tflnsf cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf k|lt JolQm jflif{s @)! s]=hL=sf] b/n] @!*%@ d]=6= vfBfGg cfjZos kg]{ x'G5 . ;fy} pk/f]Qm tflnsf cg';f/ o; lhNnfsf] jflif{s pTkfbg ^)$@$=^ d]=6= b]lvPsf] / ;f] vfBfGg ljleGg sfddf k|of]u u/]/ !)!$ d]=6= art x'g] b]lvG5 t/ Jofjxfl/s ?kdf ;f] cg';f/ gePsf] lj1x¿sf] cg'dfg 5 .

31

tflnsf gDa/ !&kmnkm"n pTkfbg l:ylt -cf=a @)%^÷%&_

l;=g+

kmnkm"nsf] lsl;d

v]tL ul/Psf] If]q -x]S6/df_

pTkfbg -d]=6g=df_

! ;'Gtnf 75=5 860

@ sfutL 23=9 181

# h'gf/ 19=7 198

$ cfFk 15 64

% lnrL 5 10

^ s]/f 0=5 64

& :ofp 15 102

* cf? 14 80=5

( cGo 67 420


pk/f]Qm tflnsf cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf ;a}eGbf a9L cldnf] hftsf]

kmnkm"n v]tL ul/Psf] kfOG5 . cf=j= )%^÷%& df ;'Gtnf &%=% x]= If]qkmndf v]tL u/L *^) d]=6 pTkfbg ePsf] b]lvG5 .

o; lhNnfdf ljut kfFr jif{sf] k|d'v s[lif pTkfbgsf] t'ngfTds l:ylt lgDgfg';f/ b]lvG5M–

tflnsf gDa/ !*s[lif pTkfbgsf] l:ylt

l;=g+=

vfBfGg -d]=6=_

)%#÷%$

)%$÷%%

)%%÷%^

)%^÷%&

)%&÷%*

! wfg 8704 8370 8752 8771 7533

@ ux'F 9975 4424 8010 8613 5980

# sf]bf] 3577 2419 2331 2422 2246

$ ds} 21150 28512 30246 30365 25204

% hf} / pjf 905 656 459 540 480

^ t]nxg 217 90 62=4 91 92

32

& bnxg 690 252 673 1328 521

* cfn' 9877 9750 7000 9720 1007

( t/sf/L 3310 2655 3422 5253 5987

!) kmnkm"n 1822 1978 1858 1858 2254

!! d;nf afnL 457 667 725


@=$=@ kz'kfng Joj;fo l:yltDofUbL lhNnf kz'kfngsf] nflu pko'Qm dflgPsf] 5 . oxfF cfw'lgs gZn ;'wf/ ePsf ufO{, e}+;L, afv|f, e]8f / cGo kz'kIfLx¿ u/L @),*&( j6f 5g\ . oxfF kz'kfng Joj;fod'vL ge} lgjf{xd'vL b]lvG5 . oL kz'kIfLx¿sf] ks]6 If]q lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5 M–

tflnsf gDa/ !(kz'kfng ks]6 If]qx¿

l;=g+=

kz' ks]6 If]q -uf=lj=;=_x¿

! ufO{ lzv@ e]8f lrdv]fnf, u'hf{ bf]jf, gf/Rofª# afv|f lkKn], eujtL, 3tfg, afljofrf}/, cd{g, Hofd?

ssf]6, cf]v/af]6, lzv, l;+uf$ e}+;L afljofrf}/, Hofd?ssf]6, 3tfg, eujtL, lkKn]% s'v/fkfng cy'{ª], /Tg]rf}/, kfTn]v]t, lzv, n'nfË, tfsd,

3tfg, lkKn]

33

^ a+u'/ ;+'u'/–

cy'{Ë], /Tg]rf}/

;|f]tM lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, DofUbL

o; lhNnfdf ljleGg lsl;ddf kz'k+IfLx¿ eP klg s'v'/fkfng ;fgf] ?kdf afx]s c? If]qdf lgafx{d'vL dfq /x]sf] 5 . s'v'/fsf c08f tyf df;' a]gL ahf/, b/jfª, afljofrf}/, l;+uf, e"–tftf]kfgL, bfgf, 3f]8]kfgL cflb ahf/ If]qdf laqmL x'G5 . t/ klg oxfFsf] pTkfbgn] lhNnfsf] dfu k"/f ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . oxfF cfjZos kg]{ c08f / df;'sf] nflu s'v'/f, v;Laf]sf / /fFuf cGo lhNnfx¿af6 cfoft ul/G5 . kz'k+IfLhGo pTkfbg l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ @)kz'k+IfLhGo pTkfbg l:ylt

a:t' pTkfbg kl/0ffdb"w pTkfbg &^(& d]=6g=df;' pTkfbg !**! d]=6g=km'n @@&@%$ uf]6fpmg !$=&% d]=6g£o" !%$#=&% d]=6g

;|f]tM lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, DofUbL

tflnsf gDa/ @!kz'k+IfLx¿sf] t'ngfTdsf] ;+Vof

l;=g+

ljj/0f@)%$

-;+Vofdf_

@)%&-;

+Vofdf_yk36 k|ltzt

k|ltjif{ j[l4÷36\g]

b/1 ufO{ 71,533 74,601 ±®4=28

®1=43

2 e};L 39,254 41,427 ®5=53 ®1=843 afv|f 34,706 36,112 ®4=05 ®1=354 e]8f 17,622 9,074 45=5 16=165 ;'+u'/÷a+u'/ 696 41 94=12 31=376 s'v'/f 1,57,578 1,71,145 ®8=61 ®2=877 3f]8f÷vRr8 1,527 1,318 13=68 4=568 rf}+/L ufO{ 738

9 v/fof] 856

;f]t M lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, DofUbL

34

pk/f]Qm tflnsf cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf e]8f, ;+'u'/ / 3f]8f÷vRr8sf] ;+Vof tLj| ultn] 36\b} uPsf] 5 eg] b"w lbg] kz'sf] a[l4b/ jflif{s !=$%Ü 5 . ljut % jif{sf] pTkfbgnfO{ t'ngfTds ?kdf x]bf{ df;'sf] pTkfbg a[l4b/ eGbf b"wsf] pTkfbg s]xL a9L 5 . oxfF kz'hGo pTkfbgsf k|zf]wg pBf]ux¿ 5}gg\ . kz';]jf k|bfg ug{sf] nflu lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no Ps, kz' ;]jf s]Gb| rf/, kz' ;]jf pks]Gb| cf7 / lghL If]qaf6 ;+rflnt Pu|f]e]6 tyf e]6 lSnlgs cf7 /x]sf 5g\ .

@=$=# l;+lrt If]q tyf l;+rfO k|0ffnLo; lhNnfsf] s"n v]tL of]Uo hdLg #)*%^ x]S6/ dWo] v]tL ul/Psf] hdLg !($(* x]S6/ ePsf] / l;+rfO ug{ ;lsg] hUuf *&@@=# x]S6/ dWo] xfn;Dd s]jn @!(^ x]S6/df dfq l;+rfO ;'ljwf k'u]sf] 5 . of] ;'ljwf k/Dk/fut s'nf]af6 *^( x]S6/, lghL / cGo af6 $^% x]S6/ / l;+rfO sfof{noaf6 ;DkGg ## j6f of]hgfaf6 *^@ x]S6/df k'¥ofOPsf] 5 . ;a} l;+rfO of]hgfx¿ ;fgf vfnsf 5g\ . jiff{ofddf dfq l;+rfO x'g] s[life"ld @(%=(% x]S6/ /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfdf s[lif k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{ l;nl;nfdf xfn;Dd tLg j6f :yfgLo l;+rfO pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g eO{ sfo{/t 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf ;DkGg l;+rfO cfof]hgfx¿ / l;+lrt If]qkmnsf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= @@ df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ @@

l;+rfO cfof]hgf / l;+lrt If]q

l;=g+

cfof]hgfsf] gfd

;DkGg of]hgf

l;+lrt If]q -x]=_

l;+rfO x'g;Sg] If]q

-x]=_

l;+lrt If]q -_

1 tfsd 1 100 618=7 16=162 d'gf 1 40 762=50 5=253 d'bL 1 40 699=00 5=72

35

4 j/+hf 2 59 834=10 7=075 gf/Rofª 1 29 330=00 8=786 cd{g 8 202 753=50 26=87 Hofd?

ssf]62 67 504=20 13=20

8 /Tg]rf}/ 3 98 300=90 32=569 k'nfrf}/ 1 25 753=70 3=3110 s'x'F 1 40 1090=30 3=6611 lem+ 1 25 339=90 7=3712 b/jfª 1 60 1017=00 5=8913 d/fª 1 49 394=70 15=2014 b]jL:yfg 1 65 324=80 20=0015 jfljofrf}/ 6 147 NA NA

16 ljd 1 13 NA NA

17 l;+uf 1 28 NA NA

hDdf 33 1087 8722=3

;|f]tM lhNnf l;+rfO sfof{no, DofUbL

;fy} o; lhNnfdf l;+rfO l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M– o; lhNnfsf $) uf=lj=;= dWo] !& uf=lj=;= -$@=%Ü_ df l;

+rfO sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf] . ;DkGg l;+rfO cfof]hgfx¿ ;a} ;fgf l;+rfO of]hgfx¿ ePsf]] . ;/b/ k|lt of]hgf ## x]S6/ hldg l;+rfO x'g] u/]sf] . tYof° k|fKt gePsf uf=lj=;=x¿ -jfljofrf}/, ljd / l;+uf_ afx]s

afFsL uf=lj=;=x¿df *& x]S6/ hldg l;+rfO ePsf] . l;+rfO x'g;Sg] s"n If]qkmn *,&@@=# x]= dWo] hDdf !

@=$^Ü hldgsf] nflu lhNnf l;+rfO sfof{noaf6 cfof]hgf ;+rfng ePsf] .

lhNnf l;+rfO sfof{noaf6 ;+rflnt cfof]hgfx¿af6 o; lhNnfsf] !&=)$Ü hg;+Vof cyf{t\ l;+rfO cfof]hgf ;+rfng ePsf uf=lj=;=sf #*=%#Ü hg;+Vof nfeflGjt ePsf] .

DofUbL lhNnfdf hDdf !$$ l;+rfO s'nf]x¿ -JolQmut, ;fd"lxs / cGo ;+:yfaf6 ;xof]u k|fKt_ /x]sf] h;dWo] &=^#Ü s'nf] rfn" cj:yfdf g/x]sf] .

lhNnfdf s"n *^@ x]S6/ hldgdf l;+rfO eO{ /x]sf]df @(%=(% x]S6/ hldg -!*=)#Ü_ df dfq afx|} dlxgf l;+rfO x'g;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] .

lhNnfsf] v]tLof]Uo hldg dWo] @=)^Ü hldgdf dfq afx|} dlxgf / !=$!Ü hldgdf cf+lzs l;+rfO ;'ljwf k'u]sf] .

@=$=$ s[lif ;fdfu|L l:yltlhNnfdf s[lif k|0ffnLdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg pGgt hftsf] aLpm, dn, sL6gfzs cf}+iflw ;'ljwf lbgsf] nflu s[lif ;fdfu|L ;+:yfgsf] zfvf sfof{no /x]sf] 5 . o;n] lhNnfdf @) j6f /f;foflgs dn laqmL s]Gb|

36

x¿ :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfdf cf=j= )%%÷)%^ / )%&÷)%* df ePsf] s[lif ;fdu|L, /f;foflgs dn / aLpm laqmLsf] t'ngfTds l:ylt tflnsf g+= @# df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ @#s[lif ;fdu|L laqmLsf] t'ngfTds l:ylt

l;=g+ ljj/0f

laqmL ljt/0f)%%÷%^ -d]=6=

_

)%&÷%* -d]=6=

_km/s k|ltzt

! dno'l/of 144=15 81=65 62=5 43=35l8=P=lk= 63=15 6 54=55 86=68kf]6f; 2=85 2=85 100

@ jLpmljhg -ux+', ds}_

0=7 0=7 0

# t/sf/L jLpm 0=7 0=7 100$ s[lif cf}hf/ -?=_ 524=72 524=72 100% jfnL ;+/If0f ;fdu|L

;|f]tM s[lif ;fdfu|L ;+:yfg, zfvf sfof{no, DofUbL]

pk/f]Qm tflnsfnfO{ x]bf{ ljleGg vfBfGg tyf gub] afnLnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ /f;folgs tyf h}ljs / sDkf]i6 dnsf] dfu / cfk"lt{ bL3{sfnLg /fli6«o s[lif sfo{qmdsf] ;'emfa cg'?k sd /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o; lhNnfdf /f;foflgs dn k|lt x]S6/==== s]=hL= k|of]u u/]sf] b]lvG5 . oxfF s[lif cf}hf/– sf]bfnf], afp;f], xFl;of, kmfnL, xnf], ln8\sf] cflb cf}hf/ k/Dk/fut ?kdf g} k|of]u u/]sf] kfOG5 .

@=$=% s[lif C0f l:ylts[lif ljsf;sf] nflu o; lhNnfdf s[lif ljsf; a}+ssf] zfvf a]gL / pkzfvf b/jfª sfo{/t 5g\ . ;fy} pQm a}+s cGtu{t ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; cfof]hgf a/+hf / lem+ uf=lj=;=df ;+rflnt 5g\ . oL] a}+s tyf cfof]hgfn] vfBfGgafnL, gub]afnL, ljz]ifafnL, s[lif pkh a]rljvg, s[lif cf}hf/, l;+rfO, uf]j/UofF;, 3/]n' pBf]u, s[lif Joj;fo kmnkm"n v]tL / hUuf ljsf;sf] nflu C0f k|jfx u/]sf] b]lvG5 . cf=j=)%^÷)%& df s[lif ljsf; a}+s zfvf a]gLn] ?= @,@$,@$,))).–, s[lif ljsf; a}+s pkzfvf b/afªn] ?= !@,$),#)).–, ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; cfof]hgf a/+hfn] ?= #*,$#,))).– / ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; cfof]hgf lem+n] @!,!^,))).– C0f k|afx u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;fy} g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8, kmfOgfG; sDkgL, ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ / lh=lj=;=af6 ;+rflnt :yfgLo ljsf; sf]if ;ldlt

37

/ lbuf] ljsf; sfo{qmdn] klg s[lif If]qdf nufgL tyf C0f k|afx u/]sf 5g\ . lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{noaf6 ;+slnt tYofÍsf] cfwf/df xfn;Ddsf] s[lif nufgL tyf C0f k|jfx l:ylt lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5 M–

tflnsf gDa/ @$s[lif C0f k|jfx l:yltM -cf==j= )%&÷%*_

l;=g+

ljj/0f s"n C0f k|jfx

s[lif If]qdf

C0f k|jfxk|

ltzt

1 s[lif ljsf; a}+s 5,62,80,000. 42132000. 74=86

2 g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 55,00,000. 2500000. 45=45

3 klZrdf~rn kmfOgfG; 4,88,00,000. 50000. 0=104 ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ 1,87,16,605. 748593. 4=05 :yfgLo ljsf; sf]if ;ldlt 58,11,200. 4527900. 77=91

6 lbuf] ljsf; sfo{qmd 3300000. 1980000. 60=0

hDdf 13,84,07,805. 5,19,38,493.

37=52

pk/f]Qm tflnsf cg';f/ ;a}eGbf a9L nufgL ug]{ ;+:yf lh=lj=;=af6 ;+rflnt :yfgLo ljsf; sf]if ;ldlt ePsf] 5 / ;a}eGbf a9L C0f k|afx s[lif ljsf; a}+sn] u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

s[lif, l;+rfO tyf kz' ljsf; If]qsf ljBdfg ;d:of tyf ;jfnx¿

38

l;+rfO ;'ljwfsf] sdLM lhNnfsf] s"n s[lif e"ldsf] @!(^ x]S6/ If]qkmn dfq l;+lrt /x]sf] 5 . h;dWo] @(% x]S6/df afx|} dlxgf l;+rfO ;'ljwf k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 / afFsL !()! x]S6/ hldg jiff{bsf] ;dodf dfq l;+lrt x'g] b]lvG5 . cGo hldgx¿df l;+rfO ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg ;s]sf] v08df cjZo g} pTkfbgdf j[l4 x'g] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 .

s[lif ;DaGwL r]tgfsf] sdLM oxfF k/Dk/fut ?kdf ;+rfng x'Fb} cfO/fv]sf] v]tL k|0ffnLnfO{ ls;fgx¿n] cfw'lgs v]tLk|0ffnLdf ?kfGt/0f ug{ ;ls/fv]sf 5}gg\ . cfw'lgs v]tLk|0ffnL ckgfpg yfn]sf s[ifsx¿n] klg cfzftLt kmfObf lng g;s]sf] / sltko cj:yfdf dsf{ ef]Ug' k/]sf] l:ylt klg e]l6Psf] 5 . o;sf] lglDt s[ifsx¿nfO{ ;dodf r]tgf cled'vLs/0fsf ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

s[lif ;fdfu|Lx¿ ;'ne tj/af6 pknAw x'g g;Sg'M s[ifsx¿n] cfjZos k/]sf] ;dodf s[lif ;fdfu|Lx¿ kfpg g;Sgfsf] sf/0faf6 klg s[lifdf ljljw ;d:ofx¿ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . dnvfb tyf u'0f:t/Lo aLpmsf] cefjsf sf/0fn] klg pTkfbgdf ;d:of k/]sf] 5 .

v]tLdf Jofj;foLs/0f x'g g;Sg'M ha;Dd s[ifsx¿n] k/Dk/fut v]tL k|0ffnLnfO{ 5f8L Jofj;fof]Gd'v v]tL k|0ffnL cjnDag ub}{gg\ ta;Dd s[lif ljsf; ;+ej b]lvb}g . t;y{ oxfFsf s[ifsx¿n] klg ljleGg v]tLx¿sf] ks]6 Kofs]h sfo{qmdx¿ cufl8 a9fO{ v08Ls[t hUufx¿nfO{ PsLs[t u/L ;xsfl/tfdf cfwfl/t v]tL k|0ffnLx¿ ;+rfng ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

k|fljlws ;]jfdf ;d:ofM oBlk lhNnfdf Onfsf cg';f/sf] s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|, pks]Gb|x¿ :yfkgf ul/Psf 5g\ . tfklg logLx¿n] k|To]s uf=lj=;=sf ls;fgx¿nfO{ ;dodf cfjZos ;]jf pknAw u/fpg ;ls/fv]sf 5}gg\ .

C0f tyf cfly{s nufgLdf sdLM s[lif Joj;fo ;+rfngsf] lglDt s[lif C0f tyf nufgLstf{x¿sf] sdL lhNnfdf dx;'; ePsf] kfOG5 . lhNnfdf sfo{/t a}+sx¿sf] ;]jfdf klg xfnsf lbgx¿df sdL cfPsf] b]lvG5 .

s[lif pTkfbgdf hldgsf] Go"g k|of]uM oxfFsf clwsf+z ls;fgx¿;Fu sd dfq hUuf ePsf] sf/0fn] s[lif pTkfbgdf k|of]u ePsf] hdLg klg sd 5 . a9L hldg ePsf s[ifsx¿n] sltko hUufx¿ v]tL gu/L afFemf] 5f8\g] k|j[lQ klg 5 .

ahf/ tyf ;"rgfsf] ;d:ofM lhNnfdf pTkflbt j:t'x¿n] Psftkm{ vkt x'g] ahf/ kfPsf 5}gg\ eg] csf]{tkm{ pTkflbt j:t'x¿n] klg ;d'lrt d"No Pj+ ahf/ kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ahf/;Fu ;dGjofTds ;DaGwsf] cefjsf] sf/0fn] lhNnfdf pTkflbt ;fdu|Lx¿ afXo lhNnfdf k7fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g .

u'0f:t/Lotf dfkg ;d:ofM lhNnfdf pTkflbt ;Dk"0f{ k}bfjf/x¿sf] u'0f:t/Lotf dfkgdf b]lvPsf] ;d:ofsf sf/0faf6 klg s[lif If]qdf ;d:of b]vfkl//fv]sf] 5 .

oftfoftsf] ;d:ofM s[lif ks]6 If]q;Dd oftfoft ;'ljwf k'¥ofpg g;lsPsf] sf/0faf6 klg ljleGg ;d:ofx¿ b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . s[ifsåf/f

39

pTkflbt s[lif k}bfjf/x¿ nfdf] b"/L;Dd 9'jfgL ug{'kg]{ sf/0faf6 klg ;dodf u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbg ;DjlGwt :yfgdf k'Ug ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

of]hgf 5gf}6df b]vfk/]sf ;d:ofM l;+rfOsf ;fgf;fgf cfof]hgfx¿ w]/} ;+Vofdf dfu cfpg] sf/0faf6 o;sf] 5gf}6df ;d:of b]vf k/]sf] 5 .

of]hgf ;DkGg u/fpg] ;d:ofM of]hgfx¿ ;+rfng ePtfklg ;dodf ;DkGg x'g ;ls/fv]sf 5}gg\ . sltko l;+rfO of]hgfx¿ cw'/f] cj:yfdf 5fl8Psf] kfOPsf] 5 .

hg;xeflutf h'6fpgdf b]lvPsf] ;d:ofM l;+rfO of]hgf ;+rfngsf] nflu !@Ü hg;xeflutf h'6fpg' kg]{ k|fjwfgn] To; cg'?ksf] ;xeflutf h'6fpgsf] lglDt ;d:of b]vf k/]sf] 5 . ;xeflutf h'6]sf] sfo{qmdx¿df klg emf/f 6fg]{ k|j[lQ b]vf k/]sf] 5 .

dd{t ;+ef/df b]vf k/]sf] ;d:ofM l;+rfOsf of]hgfx¿ ;DkGg kZrft\ ;DjlGwt pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ lhDdf nufO{ ;s]kl5 s]xL ;do;Dd ;+rflnt /xg] / s]xL jif{ kZrft\ cfof]hgfx¿ ;+rfng gePsf] cj:yf klg b]vf k/]sf] 5 . lgdf{0fsf qmddf pko'Qm tj/af6 u'0f:t/Lotfdf Wofg gk'¥ofOg] / xtf/df cfof]hgfx¿ x:tfGt/0f ug]{ ;d:ofx¿ klg oxfF ljBdfg 5g\ . ;fy} dd{t ;+ef/df pkef]Qmfx¿af6 Wofg glb+bf of]hgfx¿ s]xL jif{kl5 aGb x'g k'u]sf 5g\ .

pGgt gZnsf kz'k+IfLx¿ kfpg] ;d:ofM kz' ljsf;sf] lglDt lhNnfdf s[ifsn] rfx] cg';f/ pGgt hftsf kz' tyf k+IfLx¿ gkfOPsf] b]lvG5 .

kz' ;]jfsf k|fljlwsx¿ ;dodf pknAw gx'g'M kz'x¿nfO{ /f]u nfu]sf] cj:yfdf s[ifsx¿n] tTsfnLg ;'ljwf gkfpg] ;d:of 5 .

dfu cg';f/ df;'÷km'n pTkfbg ug{ g;lsg]M lhNnfjf;Lx¿sf] dfunfO{ lhNnfleqsf] kz' k}bfjf/sf] pTkfbgaf6 k"lt{ x'g ;ls/fv]sf] 5}g . lhNnfdf 7"nf] ;+Vofdf df;' tyf km'n afXo lhNnfaf6 cfoft ul/G5 .

s[lif, l;+rfO tyf kz' ljsf; If]qsf ;+efjgf / cj;/x¿ dWokxf8L If]q cGtu{tsf] kxf8L e"–efudf kg]{ of] lhNnfdf

kmnkm"n v]tL vf;u/L ;'Gtnf v]tLnfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy Jofj;flos tj/af6 ;+rfng ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5 . ;dy/ 6f/ tyf pj{/f df6f] o; lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf k|z:t dfqfdf /x]sf] sf/0fn] cGgafnL wfg tyf ds} v]tLsf] klg k|z:t ;+efjgfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . cb'jf v]tL, abfdv]tL, efFuf]v]tL, e6\df;v]tL, dfx'/Lkfng, s'v'/fkfng, e]8fkfng h:tf n3' cfo cfh{g x'g] vfnsf Jofj;fox¿sf] klg k|z:t ;+efjgf b]lvG5 .

lhNnfsf] pQ/L efudf /x]sf k|z:t r/0f If]qx¿ kz'kfng -afv|fkfng_ Jofj;fosf] lglDt clt pkof]uL dflgPsf] 5 . pQm If]qx¿df kz'kfngnfO{ Jofj;foLs/0f u/L kz'kfngdf cfwfl/t pBf]ux¿ ;+rfng ug{ ;lsg] k|z:t ;+efjgfx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ .

DofUbL lhNnf hn;|f]tsf] b[li6sf]0faf6 clt g} wgL lhNnf ePsf] sf/0fn] oxfFsf c6'6 hn;DkbfnfO{ l;+rfO tyf hnljB'tsf ljleGg k|of]hgdf nufpg ;lsG5 .

40

o; lhNnfsf ;a} uf=lj=;=x¿nfO{ hf]8\g] ;8s ;+hfnsf] lgdf{0f kZrft ;Dk"0f{ ;+efljt If]qdf ks]6 sfo{qmdx¿ nfu" u/L pTkfbgdf Jofj;foLs/0f ug{;s] lhNnfjf;LnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ kof{Kt pTkfbg x'g;Sg] b]lvG5 .

@=% pBf]u tyf vfgL If]qsf] l:yltDofUbL lhNnf kxf8L tyf b'u{d If]qdf cjl:yt ePsf]n] pBf]ux¿sf] lj:tf/ Tolt x'g g;s]tfklg oxfF s]xL ;fgf tyf 3/]n' pBf]ux¿ :yfkgf ePsf 5g\ . o;df /fO;ldn (), lgdf{0f Joj;foL *$, l;nfO s6fO #), kmlg{r/ !!, xf]lhof/L ^, Ans tyf O§f ^, wft'÷d]6n &, kfp/f]6L %, 5fkfvfgf %, un}rf @ / cGo ;fgf ltgf #% j6f pBf]u ;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . oL ;fgf tyf 3/]n' pBf]ux¿af6 &@$ hgfn] /f]huf/ k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . logLx¿dWo] /fO;ldndf @@$, lgdf{0f Joj;fodf @%(, kmlg{r/df !)#, un}rfdf (, l;/s 8;gfdf !^, wft' d]6ndf $(, 5fkfvfgfdf &, 6]S;6fOndf %, Ans O§fdf %, xf]lhof/Ldf !^, xf]6ndf !)@, l;nfO s6fOdf $& / kfp/f]6L pBf]udf $* hgfn] /f]huf/ kfPsf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf a9L /f]huf/L lgdf{0f Jofj;fo / /fO;ldnn] pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ . oxfF s"n @*^ pBf]udf !)#$ hgfn] /f]huf/ kfPsf 5g\ . @)%* ;fn h]7;Dddf :yflkt pBf]usf] lsl;d, ;+Vof / /f]huf/L ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ lbOPsf] 5 M–

tflnsf gDa/ @%pBf]usf] lsl;d, ;+Vof / /f]huf/L l:yltM -@)%* ;Dd :yflkt_

l;=g+

ljj/0f ;+Vof pBf]u /f]huf/L Ifdtf

1 /fO; ldn 90 224

2 lgdf{0f Joj;fo 84 252

3 kmlg{r/ 11 103

4 un}+rf 2 9

5 l;/s 8;gf 2 16

6 wft'÷d]6n 7 49

7 5fkfvfgf -k/Dk/fut_ ckm;]6 -cfw'lgs_

32

7

8 6]S;6fon 1 5

9 Ans O§f 6 5

10 xf]lhof/L 6 16

11 xf]6n 8 102

12 l;nfOs6fO 30 47

13 kfp/f]6L 5 48

14 ljljw 24 102

hDdf 286 1034

;|f]tM w/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; ;ldlt, DofUb,LpBf]u afl0fHo ;+3, DofUbL

o; lhNnfdf cf}wf]lus k|j[lQ lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

41

jflif{s pBf]u :yfkgf b/ – $!Ü jflif{s pBf]u aGb x'g] b/ – !)Ü /f]huf/L l;h{gf b/ – #!Ü n3' pBd÷;–;fgf u}/ s[lif cfly{s ultljlwdf ;+nUg pBdL–&@Ü -z'?

b]lv )%& r}q;Dd_ k|lt pBf]u cf};t /f]huf/ s/Lj $ hgf . cf=j= )%&÷%* df pBf]ux¿ btf{ ;+Vof @^ / gjLs/0f ;+Vof !

%# . cf}Bf]lus /f]huf/Ldf ;+nUg hg;+Vof s/Lj #Ü . pBf]ux¿df kF"+hL nufgL ?=#,!*,&&,%)).– .

tflnsf gDa/ @^pBf]u Joj;fo btf{M t'ngfTds l:ylt

l;=g+ ljj/0f

btf{ ;+Vof)$(÷%)

)%&÷%*

km/s k|ltjif{ j[l4

1 s"n btf{ ;+Vof 251 277 ®234 682 gjLs/0f 43 277 ®234 163 ;~rflnt pBf]u 43 277 ®234 684 cf}Bf]lus /f]huf/L

k'?ifdlxnf

6447

314167

®250®120

48=8331=91


pk/f]Qm tflnsf cWoog ubf{ lgDgfg';f/sf] l:ylt b]lvG5M– pBf]ux¿sf] jflif{s j[l4, ;+rfng, gjLs/0f / /f]huf/L b/df aif]{gL j[l4

x'b} uPsf] . cf}Bf]lus /f]huf/x¿ dWo] $*=*# k'?if / dlxnf #!=(!Ü n] j[l4

x'+b} uPsf] .

o; lhNnfdf jg / s[lifhGo pBf]ux¿sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{ lhNnfleq g} cfk"lt{ x'g] x'gfn] oL sRrf kbfy{df cfwfl/t 3/]n' pBf]ux¿ kmi6fpg] a9L ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . ;fgf pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ hgzlQm ljsf; ug{sf] nflu ljleGg lsl;dsf tfnLd k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . tfnLd k|fKt hgzlQmsf] l:ylt tflnsf gDa/ @& df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ @&pBf]u ;DaGwL tfnLdsf] ljj/0f

tfnLdsf] ljj/0f

3/]n' sfof{noaf6

NGO ;xefuL cf=j= )%&÷%*

sfddf nfu]sf]

s}lkmot

42

l;g+

d k' d k' hDdf nIo k|

ult

cfkm\gf] pBf]u

c?sf] pBf]u

1 l;nfOs6fO 291 1 11 303 10 10 8 sfddf nfu]sf] ;DjGwdf ut cf=j=sf] dfq cg'udg -k|lzIffyL{_ ul/Psf] x'+Fbf cf=j= )%&÷%* sf] dfq cg'udg u/L ljj/0f /flvPsf] .

2 xfp; jfol/ª 5 120 16 141 10 12 2 43 xf]lhof/L 131 131 20 22 13

4 un}+rf 72 72

5 rfprfp 77 18 95

6 pBdL ljsf; 81 35 116 20 20 12

7 d]n x]o/ sl6ª

9 9

8 km]lj|s k]l06ª

11 11

9 afF; lgufnf]

15 26 41 20 20 10

10 cNnf] k|zf]wg

10 10

11 d}gjQL 7 4 11

12 kmnkm"n k|zf]wg

6 4 10

13 s'rf] a'gfO 1 9 10

14 s'rf] emf]nf j'gfO

23 23 10 12 9

15 rs 2 7 9

16 l;sdL{ 7 7

17 KnlDaª 9 9

s"n hDdf 732

249 11 16 1008 90 96 54 4


cf=j= )$(÷%) b]lv )%&÷)%* ;Dddf o; lhNnfdf pk/f]Qm tflnsf cg';f/ tfnLd k|fKt JolQmsf] ;+Vof !))* k'u]sf] 5 . logLx¿dWo] cfˆg} pBf]udf %$ hgfn] / c?sf] pBf]udf $ hgfn] tfnLddf k|fKt ;Lksf] pkof]u u/]sf 5g\ . (%) hgfn] tfnLdsf] k|of]u u/]sf] b]lv+b}g . oL !))* dWo] dlxnf &$Ü / k'?if @^Ü 5g\ . logLx¿nfO{ !& k|sf/sf] tfnLd lbOPsf] lyof] . oL tfnLdx¿ dWo] ;aeGbf a9L l;nfOdf #)Ü / ;aeGbf sd l;sdL{df )=)&Ü lyP . u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfaf6 ;xefuL #Ü dfq lyP . o; lhNnfdf ;aeGbf a9L btf{ ePsf pBf]udf /fO;ldn, lgdf{0f / l;nfO 5g\ . ;a} pBf]u Hofb} ;fgf] cfsf/ tyf sd nufgLsf 3/]n' pBf]ux¿ x'g\ . oxfFsf pBf]ux¿af6 Hofb} ;fgf] kl/df0fdf dfq pTkfbg x'g] x'gfn] w]/} h;f] cfjZos ;fdfgx¿ kf]v/f, afUn'ª, sf7df8f}

43

+, ef/t / t];|f] d'n'saf6 NofOG5 . o; lhNnf vfgLsf] nflu Hofb} k|Voft 5 . vfgLsf] nflu k|Voft :yfgx¿ ?d / cf]v/af]6 x'g\ . cf]v/af]6 uf=lj=;=df :yfgLo hgtfn] vfgLaf6 tfdf lgsfnL k|of]u u/]sf] kfOG5 .

pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ phf{ s]Gb|Lo ljB't nfOgaf6 oxfFsf !# j6f uf=lj=;=sf @*&) 3/kl/jf/nfO{ ljB't ;]jf k|bfg u/L pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 / * j6f uf=lj=;=sf !&)& 3/kl/jf/nfO{ n3' ljB'taf6 tyf * j6f uf=lj=;=df $)# j6f ;f}o{ phf{ Kofgn h8fg u/L $)# 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . @( j6f k]lN6s ;]6af6 !^ uf=lj=;= sf #(^ 3/kl/jf/ nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . lhNnfsf s"n %#&^ 3/kl/jf/ ljB't ;]jfaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . oxfF # j6f 7"nf gbL aUg] x'gfn] hn ljB'tsf] k|r'/ ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 .

pBf]u tyf vfgL If]qsf ;+efjgf tyf cj;/x¿ DofUbL lhNnf ;'Gtnf hftsf kmnkm"nsf] pTkfbgsf] lglDt clt g} ;

+efljt :yfg ePsf] sf/0fn] oxfFaf6 pTkflbt ;'Gtnf k|zf]wg u/L o;df cfwfl/t pBf]ux¿ ;+rfng ug{ ;lsg] k|r'/ ;+efjgf 5 . To:t} lhNnfdf k|z:t dfqfdf pTkfbg x'g] cb'jfnfO{ ;'7f] agfO{ k}06L ug{ ;s]sf] v08df klg lhNnfnfO{ e/kbf]{ cfo;|f]t ylkg ;Sg] ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 .

o; lhNnfdf afF;, lgufnf] tyf h8La'6Lx¿ k|z:t dfqfdf kfOG5g\ . o:tf vfnsf k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t pBf]ux¿ h:t} afF; tyf lgufnf]sf ;fdu|L agfpg], h8La'6L k|zf]wg ug]{, sfuh agfpg] h:tf ljljw pBf]ux¿ oxfF ;+rfng ug{ ;lsG5 .

DofUbL lhNnf ko{6sLo dfu{sf] ?kdf k|of]udf cfpg] lhNnf xf] . wf}nflul/ lxdfn o;} lhNnfdf kg]{ x'Fbf pQm lxdfn cf/f]x0f ug{ / k}bn ofqfsf nflu ;d]t k|z:t ko{6s cfpg] x'Fbf xf]6n tyf nh / cGo ko{6sLo pBf]ux¿sf] oxfF k|z:t ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 .

pBf]u tyf vfgL If]qdf ljBdfg ;d:of / ;jfnx¿ k"jf{wf/x¿sf] sdLM o; lhNnfdf pBf]u :yfkgfsf] lglDt d'VotM

k"jf{wf/x¿sf] sdL /x]sf] b]lvG5 . oftfoft, ljB't, 6]lnkmf]g h:tf cfjZos ;'ljwfaf6 lhNnfsf clwsf+z efu al~rt /x]sf] sf/0fn] pBf]ux¿sf] :yfkgfdf sdL cfPsf] kfOG5 .

sRrf kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{df sdLM pBf]usf] ;d'lrt :yfkgfsf] lglDt sRrf kbfy{sf] sdL /x]sf] sf/0faf6 lhNnfdf pBf]usf] ;+Vofdf Go"gtf cfPsf] kfOG5 .

nufgL stf{x¿sf] sdLM oy]i6 nufgL tyf nufgLstf{x¿sf] sdLsf sf/0faf6 klg o; lhNnfdf pBf]usf] ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . a9L nufgL u/L nufgL cg';f/ k|ltkmn sd x'gfsf sf/0faf6 klg o:tf] kl/l:ylt ;[hgf x'g uPsf] xf] .

k/Dk/fut pBf]ux¿sf] ;'wf/ gx'g'M oxfF k/Dk/fut ?kdf ;+rfng ul/Psf pBf]ux¿ k/Dk/fut z}nLdf ;+rfng ul//fv]sf] sf/0faf6 klg cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgdf Psftkm{ u'0f:t/Lotfsf] ;d:of b]vf k/]sf] 5 eg] csf]{tkm{ nufgL a9\g g;Sg] ;d:of b]vf k/]sf] 5 .

44

;DefJotf cWoog gx'g'M oxfF ;+efJotf cWoog ljgf g} sltko pBf]ux¿ ;+rfng ul/Psf] sf/0fn] Psftkm{ rnfpg g;lsg] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] / csf]{tkm{ ;+rflnt pBf]ux¿n]] klg /fd|f] pTkfbg lbg ;ls/fv]sf 5}gg\ .

;fdu|Lx¿sf] ahf/ Joj:yfkgdf ;d:ofM oxfF pTkflbt ;fdu|Lx¿sf] ahf/ ;d:ofsf sf/0faf6 klg pBdLx¿ pTkfbgsf] lglDt TolQ ;lqmo b]lvPsf] kfOb}g . lhNnfdf ;+rflnt lgufnf] tyf cGo pTkfbgn] klg ahf/ d"No ;d'lrt kfpg ;s]sf] b]lvb}g .

cf}Bf]lus r]tgfsf] sdLM lhNnfaf;Lx¿df cf}Bf]lus r]tgfsf] sdL /x]sf] dx;'; ug{ ;lsG5 . cf}Bf]lus r]tgf lbg] vfnsf tfnLdx¿ lhNnf 3/]n' sfof{non] yf]/} dfq ;+rfng u/]sf] 5 . s]Gb|af6 a9L sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng ug]{ tkm{ Wofg k'¥ofpg' kg]{ cfjZostf b]lvPsf] 5 .

pBf]u l6sfp b/df sdLM lhNnfdf pBf]ux¿sf] l6sfp b/ clt g} sd b]lvPsf] 5 . -oxfF pBf]ux¿ :yfkgf;Fu} jGb x'g], nfdf] ;do;Dd gjLs/0f ljgf g} ;+rfng eO{ /fVg] / w]/} kl5 dfq k'gM btf{ jf gjLs/0f ug]{ u/]sf] ;d]t kfOPsf] 5 ._

tfnLdsf] ;d'lrt ;b'kof]u x'g g;Sg] ;d:ofM lhNnfdf ;Lk ljsf; ;DaGwL tfnLd lbg] ;+:yfx¿sf] Psftkm{ sdL dx;'; eO/fv]sf] 5 eg] csf]{tkm{ tfnLd lnPsf JolQmx¿n] klg tfnLdsf] plrt k|of]u gu/]sf] b]lvG5 . nfdf] ;dosf tfnLdx¿df eQf sdL ePsf sf/0fn] ;xefuLx¿ kfpg g;Sg] ;d:ofx¿ klg b]vf kl//fv]sf 5g\ .

@=^ Jofkf/, ko{6g tyf ;]jf If]qsf] l:ylt@=^=! yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/ l:ylta]gL ahf/ d':tfª / DofUbL lhNnfsf] ljleGg If]qsf] ;fy} afun'ª lhNnfsf] klZrdL If]q / ?s'd lhNnfsf] k"lj{ e]usf] ;d]t ldng ljGb' xf] . oxfF 7"nf Jofkfl/s s]Gb|x¿ geP klg yf]s tyf v'b|f u/L @)) j6f k;nx¿ 5g\ . h;df vfBfGg tyf ls/fgf &*, km]G;L / sk8f @@, :6]zg/L !), efF8f k;n !@, xf]6n, /]i6'/]06 %%, kmlg{r/ &, kmf]6f]÷sn/Nofj #, lah'nLsf] ;fdfg a]Rg] #, rnlrq @ / cGo %% j6f 5g\ . oxfF Jofkf/ If]qn] s/Lj @=^Ü hg;+VofnfO{ /f]huf/ pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . a]gL ahf/sf cltl/Qm o; lhNnfsf cGo Jofkfl/s s]Gb|x¿M afljofrf}/, b/jfª, e"–tftf]kfgL, bfgf, kfvfkfgL, 3f]8]kfgL, 3f/, kfv/]au/, /Tg]rf}/, l;+uf cflb /x]sf 5g\ . oxfFsf k|d'v Jofkfl/s s]Gb|x¿ / logLx¿af6 nfeflGjt hg;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tn tflnsfdf lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ @*Jofkfl/s s]Gb|x¿

l;=g+

Jofkfl/s

s]Gb|

nfeflGjt hg;

+Vof

nfeflGjt uf=lj=;=x

¿

a]rljvg ul/g] a:t'x¿

k|Vofltsf] sf/0f

45

=! a]gL s/Lj

Ps nfvDofUbL lhNnfsf $) uf=lj=;=,kj{tsf $ uf=lj=;=/ d':tfªsf !^ uf=lj=;=

vfBfGg nQf sk8f, cf}iflw, lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L cflb

lhNnf ;b/d'sfd

@ afjLofrf}/

s/Lj @% xhf/

DofUbL / afUn'Ësf s]xL u/L @) j6f uf=lj=;=

,, DofUbL lhNnfsf] klZrdL Jofkfl/s s]Gb|

# l;+uf tftf]kfgL

s/Lj #% xhf/

* uf=lj=;= Æ tftf]kfgL g'xfpg]

$ un]Zj/ s/Lj !) xhf/

$ uf=lj=;= ,, k|l;4 tLy{:yn tyf d':tfª hfg] af6f]

% a};/L -eujtL uf=lj=;=_

,, ko{6sLo af6f], Jofkfl/s s]Gb|

^ ltKNofª -a]uvf]nf_

,, ko{6sLo af6f], Jofkfl/s s]Gb|

& e"–tftf]kfgL

s/Lj #%))

& uf=lj=;= Æ e"–tftf]kfgL / ko{6s s]Gb| ;d]t

;|f]tM DofUbL pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3

@=^=@ lgsf;L tyf k}7f/L l:yltDofUbL lhNnfdf lgsf;L eGbf k}7f/Lsf] l:ylt cufl8 cfpF5 . vfBfGg, kz'k+IfL, nQfsk8f, cf}iflw, lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L cflb oxfF k}7f/L ul/g] k|d'v a:t'x¿ x'g\ . oL a:t'x¿ o; lhNnfsf] cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf] nflu ;fy} l5d]sL lhNnfx¿ d':tfª, afun'ª lhNnfsf] klZrdL efu / ?s'd lhNnfsf] k"jL{ e]usf] nflu ;d]t k}7f/L ul/G5 . o; lhNnfaf6 lgsf;L x'g] k|d'v a:t'x¿df t/sf/Lsf] aLpm, kmnkm"n, abfd, e6df;, hl8a'6L, nf]stf pmg, 5fnf cflb /x]sf 5g\ . oL a:t'x¿sf] lgsf;L kl/df0f Hofb} Go"g /x]sf] 5 . k}7f/L tyf lgsf;L l:ylt ljj/0f tflnsf g+= @( / #) df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ @(k}7f/L ul/g] k|d'v s[lifhGo j:t'x¿sf] ljj/0f -cf=j=)%&÷%*_

l;=

ljj/0f kl/df0f OsfO{

/sd

46

g+

1 ljpm -vfBGg_ 1,664 s]=hL=

40,000.

2 ljpm -t/sf/L_ 160 ,, 75,000.3 kmnkm"nsf a]gf{ 2,750 uf]6f 27,500.4 cb'jf -ljpm_ 4,000 s]=hL

=88,000.

5 cfn' -ljpm_ 4,000 ,, 40,000.6 /f;foflgs dn o'l/of 2,39,000

l*=P=kL= 65,000cGo 1,900

,,,,,,

10,00,000.

7 b"w 100 nL6/ 1,500.8 rfdn 16,31,000 s]=hL

=3,91,44,000.

9 bfn 60,000 ,, 27,00,000.10 t]n 1,91,000 nL6/ 1,14,60,000.11 u]8fu'8L 58,000 s]=hL

=20,88,000.

12 kL7f] 1,67,000 ,, 33,40,000.13 lrp/f 82,200 ,, 14,79,600.14 kmnkm"n -:ofp,

cfFk, s]/f, c+u"/, ;'Gtnf, cgf/ cflb_

90,000 ,, 13,64,500.

15 t/sf/L 4,69,500 ,, 57,39,600.16 df;'÷km'n

s'v'/fc08fv;L

18,0001,00,800

44,800,,,,,,

27,00,000.35,28,000.89,60,000.

hDdf 8,37,75,700.;|f]tM M pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3, DofUbL

tflnsf gDa/ #)lhNnfaf6 lgsf;L x'g] k|d'v j:t'x¿sf] ljj/0fM -cf=j= )%&÷

%*_l;=g+

ljj/0f kl/df0f OsfO{ /sd -?=_ k|ltzt

1 h8Lj'6L 11,798 s]=hL= 59,058. 22 nf]stf 35,620 ,, 1,06,860. 3=53 jLpljhg -t/sf/L_ 12,939 ,, 14,82,805. 48=54 ;'Gtnf 27,000 ,, 4,00,000. 13=05 sfutL - 1,500 ,, 76,000. 2=5

47

u]8f±emf]n_6 uf]ne]+8f 3,000 ,, 6,00,000. 207 e6df; 1,700 ,, 15,000. 0=58 l;dL 2,000 ,, 18,000. 0=69 cGo 3,00,000. 0=94

hDdf 30,57,723. 100

;|f]tM M lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no, DofUbL

plNnlvt tYofÍnfO{ x]bf{ o; lhNnfdf ;a}eGbf a9L k}7f/L vfB a:t'x¿ cGg, vfg]t]n / df;'÷c08fsf] /x]sf] 5 / lgsf;Ldf qmdzM jLpljhg, t/sf/L / kmnkm"n /x]sf 5g\ .

@=^=# 9'jfgL tyf e08f/ Joj:yfo; lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd a]gL ahf/nfO{ dfn9'Ëf–a]gL / afun'ª–a]gL ;8sn] hf]8]sf 5g\ . dfn9+'uf–a]gL ;8sdf oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿ afx|} dlxgf rNg] / afun'ª–a]gL ;8sdf lxpFbsf] ;dodf dfq oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿ rNg] ub{5g\ . o;} ;8s cGtu{t kg]{ DofUbL vf]nfdf lxpFbdf c:yfoL k'n agfO a]gLahf/;Dd g} oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿sf] cfjthfjt x'g] ub{5 . a]gLaf6 un]Zj/;Dd # lsnf]dL6/ / a]gLaf6 afljofrf}/;Dd s/Lj !& lsnf]dL6/ cfGtl/s df]6/af6f] ;+rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . lhNnfsf clwsf+z uf=lj=;=x¿df 3f]8]6f] af6f]sf] ;'ljwf ePsf]n] dfn;fdfgx¿sf] 9'jfgL vRr8af6 ul/G5 . s/Lj !#!* vRr8x¿ 9'jfgL sfo{df NofOPsf] cg'dfg 5 . To:t} lxdfnL efudf e]8fafv|fnfO{ dfn;fdfg 9'jfgL sfo{df k|of]udf NofOg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;fy} dflg; cfkm}n] ef/L af]sL dfn;fdfg 9'jfgL ug]{ ub{5g\ . oxfF ef/L af]Sg] k]zfdf nfu]sf dflg;x¿sf] ;+Vof nueu %)) /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . oxfF 7"nf

48

uf]bfdx¿ gePsf] / Jofkf/Lx¿n] ;fdfg e08f/ ug{ ;–;fgf sf]7fx¿ k|of]udf Nofpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 .

Jofkf/ ko{6g tyf ;]jf If]qsf ;+efjgf tyf cj;/x¿M lhNnfdf b}lgs pkef]Uo ;fdu|Lx¿sf] ljqmL k|ltjif{ a9\b} uPsf]

b]lvG5 . oxfF u'0f:t/Lo Pj+ e/kbf]{ Jofkf/sf] ;+efjgf b]lvG5 . :yfgLo:t/sf sRrf kbfy{x¿sf] k|of]u u/L ;f]nf/ :6f]/sf] lgdf{0f

ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf] a]gL ahf/ d':tfª, afun'ª / kj{t lhNnfsf] ;d]t Jofkfl/s

s]Gb| ePsf]n] oxfF lgsf;L Pj+ k}7f/L ;DjGwL sfo{x¿sf] ;+efjgf a9L /x]sf] 5 .

lhNnfdf ko{6sLo ljljwLs/0fsf] ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 . wf}nflul/ tyf u'hf{ lxdfn hfg] j}slNks dfu{ agfpg ;lsg] ;

+efjgf 5 . lhNnfnfO{ ko{6sLo uGtJo:yfg (Destination Point) agfpg ;lsg] ;

+efjgf 5 . u|fdL0f ko{6gsf] k|z:t ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 .

cGo cfly{s ;+efjgfx¿ DofUbL lhNnf dWo kxf8L lhNnfsf] ?kdf kl/lrt 5 . ;du| b]zsf]

kl/j]zdf lhNnfnfO{ h}ljs ljljwtf / hn;|f]tsf] b[li6sf]0faf6 ;DkGg lhNnfsf] ?kdf lnOG5 . oxfF clj/n ?kdf alu/x]sf] DofUbL, /3'u+uf / sfnLu08sL gbLaf6 ljB't pTkfbg u/L lhNnfn] 7"nf] kl/df0fdf cfly{s ;|f]t ;+sng ug{ ;Sg] Psftkm{sf] ;+efjgf af]s]sf] 5 eg] h8La'6Lsf ljleGg hftx¿sf] pko'Qm tj/af6 v]tL u/L lhNnfnfO{ h8La'6Ldo agfpg ;lsg] k|jn ;+efjgf 5 .

@=^=$ ljQLo tyf Joj;fo ;]jf cfly{s ljsf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpgsf] nflu o; lhNnfdf !! j6f ljQLo ;+:yfx¿ sfo{/t 5g\ . h;dWo] g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 a]gL ahf/–!, /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s b/jfª–!, s[lif ljsf; a}+s–@ -zfvf a]gL–! / pkzfvf b/jfª–!_, ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; cfof]hgf @ -a/+hf / lem+_, klZrdf~rn kmfOgfG; sDkgL–! / ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ -ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug]{_ & j6f sfo{/t 5g\ . oL ljQLo ;+:yfx¿n] Jofkf/, pBf]u s[lif nufot ljljw If]qdf C0f nufgL ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . oL a}+saf6 ePsf] C0f nufgL tflnsf #! df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ #!C0f k|jfx l:ylt

l;= g+=

a}+s s"n C0f k|jfx

s[lif If]qd

f

k|ltzt

u}/ s[lif If]qdf k|ltzt

pBf]u Jofkf/ ko{^g

cGo hDdf

49

! s[lif ljsf; a}+s

56003 42132 75 13870 25

@ g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8

5500 2500 45 3000 55

# klZrdf~rn kmfOgfG; k|f=ln=

48800 50 0=1 48750 99=9

$ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ &

18716 747488 4 17968 96

hDdf 129019

792170 83588

;|f]tM ljleGg a}+s tyf ;+:yfx¿

@=^=% wfld{s tyf ko{6sLo b[li6«n] DofUbLDofUbL lhNnf P]ltxfl;s ?kn] k|Voft /x]sf] 7fpF xf] . wfld{s b[li6sf]0fn] of] e"ld clt k'0o /x]sf] 5 . b'uf{ ;Kt;tLdf b]jL eujtLsf] :t'lt ubf{ hoGtL, d+unf, eb|sfnL eg]sf] DofUbL gbL xf] eGg] egfO /x]sf] 5 . k'/f0fdf jl0f{t Clif h8e/t oxfFsf] un]Zj/sf] u'kmfdf a:g] u/]sf] / oxL+ /fhf /x'u0fnfO{ pkb]z lbPsf] k'0o e"ld xf] elgG5 . n+sfsf k|tfkL cgfo{ /fhf æ/fj0fÆsf] hGde"ld klg oxL xf] elgG5 . k|l;4 Clif k'n:Tosf] cf>d æk'nfÆ -kIf}_ klg at{dfg k'nfrf}/ uf=lj=;= df /x]sf] 5 . oxfFsf] tftf]kfgL, un]Zj/ dxfb]j, kf}n:To cf>d, l/vf/, a]gL lzjfno cflb k|d'v tLy{:ynx¿ x'g\ . wf}nflul/ lxdfn, u'hf{ lxdfn, sfnL u08sL, 3f]8]kfgL, cGwuN5L, ?K;] 5x/f, wf}nflul/ a]; SofDk 9f]/kf6g cflb oxfFsf ko{6sLo :ynx¿ x'g\ . o; lhNnfsf wfld{s tyf P]ltxfl;s b[li6n] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg tflnsf g+= #@ df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ #@wfld{s tyf P]ltxfl;s :yfgx¿

l;=g+

:yfg uf=lj=;= k|Voft /xgfsf sf/0f

! lzjfno kf}jf cy'{ª] addNnsf] /fHosfn -lj;+= !&))_df lgld{t

@ dxf/fgL :yfg ,, sLlt{adsL /fgLn] cfTdxTof u/]sf] :yfg

# un]Zj/ 3tfg lzj Hof]ltln{¨$ kf}n:To cf>d k'nfrf}/ k'n:To Clifsf] cf>d% l/vf/, d08nL ykgf s'Og]d+u

n]k|frLg tLy{:yn

^ huGgfy dlGb/ k'nfrf}/ l8Dj dxf/fhåf/f -!%%) lt/_ lgld{t

& dflnsf dlGb/ ljd* lu4]Zj/ dlGb/ lx:tfgd08n

50

L( k]/L j/fx tfn lx:tfgd08n

L!) tfsdsf]6 tfsd yfkf /fHosfndf :yflkt -lj=;+=

!%)) k"j{ _!! eujtL dlGb/ eujtL

!@ vo/ j/fx tfn lzv cGgk"0f{ lxdfnsf] sfvdf /x]]sf], dgf]sfIff+ k'/f x'G5 eGg] hgljZjf;

uf];fO tfn ,,k'glxn ,, wf}nflul/, cGgk"0f{, df5|

fk'R5|], nufot y'k|} lxdfnx¿ b]lvg]

3f]8]kfgL ,, ljZjsf] ;jeGbf 7"nf] nflnu'/f“; jg If]q

!# ?K;] 5x/f bfgf dgdf]xs b[iocGw uN5L ,, ;+;f/sf] ;jeGbf ulx/f] uN5L

!$ tftf]kfgL s'08 e'?ª tftf]kfgL

k|fs[lts pkrf/

tftf]kfgL s'08 bUgfd ,,kmNtLv]t tftf]kfgL s'08

d'bL ,,

uf]u/ tftf]kfgL s'08

d'bL

tftf]kfgL s'08 l;¨f ,, tftf]kfgL s'08 bf]jf ,,

!% 9f]/kf6g cf/If u'hf{ lzsf/ cf/If If]q!^ u'hf{ lxdfn u'hf{!& wf}nflul/ lxdfn d''bL!* gf}d'v] 9'¨] /fDr] du/x¿sf] s"n b]jtfsf]

sd{ ynf] -h;df du/ lnlk;+u ldNbf] lnlk klg e]l6Psf]5 ._

!( efn] jf:g] tfn gf/Rof¨@) af}4 ljxf/ cy'{¨] a'4 wd{ dfGg]x¿sf] cf:yfsf]

s]Gb|@! 9f]n7fg b/jf/ 3tfg sLlt{ad dNnsf] b/jf/@@

6f]8\s] If]q k'nfrf}/, s'x“'+, lem+

ko{6g :yn

@#

wf}n]Zj/ lzj dlGb/ j]uvf]nf dxTjk"0f{ wfld{s :yn

@$ vl/a/fx lzv tLy{:yn

@=^=^ ko{6g ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkg/d0fLo DofUbL lhNnf ko{6sLo b[li6n] Hofb} k|Voft 5 . ljZjsf] kfFrf} cUnf] lzv/ wf}nflul/ lxdfn o;} lhNnfdf kb{5 . k|fs[lts

51

tftf]kfgL, un]Zj/ dlGb/, cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]q, ?K;] em/gf, ljZjsf] ulx/f] cGwuN5L, b[Zofjnf]sgsf] nflu 3f]8]kfgL tyf l/vf/ cflb k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{x¿ oxL+ kb{5g\ . oL b[Zox¿ x]g{ cfGtl/s ko{6s tyf ljb]zL ko{6sx¿ d':tfª, 9f]/kf6g If]q / DofUbLsf /d0fLo If]q x]g{ hfg] k}bn af6f]sf] ?kdf klg o;} lhNnfnfO{ k|of]u ub{5g\ .

Ps tYofÍ cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, j]nfot, hd{gL, km|fG;, ?; cflb &* b]zsf ko{6sx¿ cfPsf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ )%#÷%$ df @@,!#$ hgf, cf=j= )%$÷%% df @#,#^% hgf, )%%÷%^ df $&,#@^ hgf, cf=j= )%^÷%& df #!,(%& hgf / cf=j= )%&÷)%* df #), @^$ u/L kfFr jif{df !,$*,)$^ hgf ko{6sx¿ o; lhNnfdf cfPsf lyP . ko{6g Joj;fosf] l:ylt tflnsf g+= ## df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ ##ko{6g Joj;fosf] l:ylt

l;=g+ ljj/0f

OsfO{

xf]6n ;+Vof$(÷%)

%&÷%* km/s jflif{s

j[l4b/1 ko{6s :t/sf xf]6n ;

+Vof

29 55 ®89=65 11=2

2 k|ToIf /f]huf/L ,, 116 220 ®89=65 11=23 ck|ToIf /f]huf/L ,, 87 241 ®177=01

22=12

4 lhNnfleq k|j]z ug]{ ko{6s ;+Vof

,, 18,240 30,264 ®65=91 8=23

5 ko{6ssf] ;/b/ a;fO lbg 3 3 0 06 ko{6sn] ug]{ ;/b/

vr{ k|ltlbg?= 700.

;|f]t M lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, DofUbL

52

pk/f]Qm tflnsfaf6 lgDg s'/fx¿ :ki6 x'G5 ls o; lhNnfdfM– ko{6g If]qn] lhNnfsf] s"n hg;+Vofsf] )=$)Ü

JolQmx¿nfO{ /f]huf/L lbPsf] 5 . ko{6s:t/sf xf]6n k|ltjif{ !!=@Ü n] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . k|ltjif{ !!=@Ü n] k|ToIf /f]huf/L / @@=!@Ü n] ck|ToIf

/f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ kfPsf 5g\ . k|ltjif{ *=@#Ü n] ko{6sx¿sf] ;+Vofdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ko{6s cfudg k|ltjif{ ;/b/ #),@^$ hgf x'g] / tL ko{6sn]

DofUbL lhNnfdf k|ltjif{ ;/b/ ?=^,#%,%$,$)). vr{ ug]{ cg'dfg 5 .

ko{6sx¿ o; lhNnfdf cf};t ?kdf # lbg a;fO{ ub{5g\ / ;/b/ b}lgs ? &)) vr{ ug]{ ub{5g\ . o; lhNnfdf ko{6sLo :ynx¿ tflnsf g+= #$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . oL k|d'v :ynx¿df g} ko{6sx¿ a9L cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . oxfF ko{6s:t/sf xf]6n ;+Vof %%, sf]7f ;+Vof #)) / pkof]u Ifdtf jflif{s cf};t %)Ü /x]sf] 5 . o;af6 x]bf{ lhNnfdf ko{6gsf] ;+efjgf Hofb} /fd|f] /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

tflnsf gDa/ #$k|d'v ko{6sLo :ynx¿

l;=g+=

:yfg uf=lj=;=

k|Vofltsf sf/0fx¿

! 3f]8]kfgL lzv ko{6sx¿sf] 6«]lsª ?6, cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]q / u'/fF;sf] km"n b[Zofjnf]sg .

@ cGw uN5L

bfgf wjnflul/ / cGgk"0f{ >[vnf aLrdf /x]sf] ljZjs} ulx/f] uN5L / cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]q .

# ?K;] 5x/f bfgf ;f}Gbo{ 5x/f, d':tfª hfg] /d0fLo 6«]lsª af6f] .

$ wf}nflul/ lxdfn

d'bL *!^& dL6/ cUnf] lxdfn kj{tf/f]x0f / 6«]lsª .

% tftf]kfgL e"– tftf]kfgL s'08, 6«]lsË ?6 .

53

tftf]kfgL^ 6f]8s] s'xF' wjnflul/, cGgk"0f{ / gLnlul/ lxdfn >[+vnf

b[Zofjnf]sg, cfn'sf] nflu k|Voft .& 9f]/kf6g u'hf{ lzsf/ cf/If0f If]q .* cGgk"0f{

;+/If0f IFf]q

lzv, gf/RofË

ko{6s 6]«lsª ?6, /d0fLo If]q .

( un]Zj/ 3tfg sfnLu08sL / /3'u+ufsf] lsgf/df cjl:yt lxGb" tLy{:yn .

!) kf}nT:o cf>d

k'nfrf}/ tkf]e"ld .

!! l/vf/ s'Og]d+un]

wfld{s:yn .

oL afx]s DofUbL lhNnfdf cGo sof}+ ko{6sLo :ynx¿ 5g\ . sfnLu08sL, xl/of] jgh+un, r/fr'?ËL, aGohGt', n6/Dd u'/fF; km"n cflbn] ubf{ of] lhNnfnfO{ ko{6sx¿sf] nlfu pj{/e"ld agfPsf] 5 .

@=& ef}lts tyf ;fj{hlgs k"jf{wf/ (Physical Infrastructure and Utilities)

@=&=! ;8s oftfofto; lhNnfdf df]6/ ;8s ;'ljwf Hofb} sd 5 . oxfF xfn;Dd s]jn #)=% ls=dL=sRrL df]6/ af6f] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . afUn'ª–a]gL–hf]d;f]d ;8s / dfn9'Ëf–a]gL–b/jfª–hnhnf ;8s rfn' eO{ cGo lhNnf;+u DofUbL lhNnf hf]l8g uPsf] 5 . t}klg dfn9'Ëf–a]gL ;8sdf kg]{ sfnL k'n / afUn'ª–a]gL ;8sdf kg]{ DofUbL gbLsf] k'n lgdf{0f k"/f eO{ g;s]sf]n]] DofUbLsf] ;b/d'sfd;Fu df]6/ ;8s afx|} dlxgf k'¥ofpg sl7g k/]sf] 5 . xfn a]gL ahf/b]lv b/jfË v08sf] s/Lj !& ls=dL=, cy'{ª]–kfvfkfgL % ls=dL=, /Tg]rf}/–elsDnL @=% ls=dL=/ afUn'ª–a]gL–d':tfª ;8ssf] a]gL un]Zj/ v08df s/Lj # ls=dL=, / /Tg]rf}/–a]gL & ls=dL=, sRrL ;8s lgdf{0f eO;s]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] a]gL ahf/df sfnLu08sL gbLdf / DofUbL gbLdf k'n lgdf{0ffwLg cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf lhNnf ;8s u'? of]hgf agfO{ ;lsPsf] 5 . pQm of]hgf cg';f/ a]gL–b/afª\ / a]gL–kfvfkfgL lhNnf ;8s -Class-A Type Rural Road_ / /Tg]rf}/–elsDnL ;8sdf u|fdL0f ;8s (Class-B Type Rural Road) sfod u/L lgdf{0f ug]{ ;f]rfO /x]sf] 5 . o;} u/L o; lhNnf pRr kxf8L tyf lxdfnL cj:yfdf /x]sf]n] / df]6/ af6f] sd k'u]sf]n] oxfF uf]/]6f] tyf 3f]8]6f] af6fx¿ klg k|z:t} /x]sf 5g\ . o; lhNnfsf d'Vo d'Vo 3f]/]6f] tyf uf]/]6f] af6f]x¿sf] ljj/0f tflnsf gDa/ #% df lbOPsf] 5 M–

tflnsf gDa/ #%3f]/]6f] tyf uf]/]6f] af6f]x¿

54

l;=g+=

af6f]sf] gfd b"l/ kmfObf

! a]gL–b/jfª–9f]/kf6g &% ls=dL=

klZrdL efu hf]8\g]

@ a]gL–kfvfkfgL @) ls=dL=

s[lif If]q hf]8\g]

# a]gL–bfgf ## ls=dL=

hf]d;f]d ;8s hf]8\g]

$ n'nfª–u'hf{ !$ ls=dL=

b'u{d If]q hf]8\g]

% d'gf–d'bL–au/ !@) ls=dL=

wjnflul/ a]; SofDk hf]8\g]

^ /Tg]rf}/–elsDnL–lg:sf]6–?d

%% ls=dL=

w]/} uf=lj=;=x¿ hf]8\g]

& un]Zj/–bUgfd–lrdvf]nf–£of;vs{

@% ls=dL=

Æ ,,

* un]Zj/–eujtL–a]uvf]nf–lrdvf]nf

@% ls=dL=

Æ ,,

( a};/L–l6sf]6–3f]8]kfgL

#% ls=dL=

ko{6sLo If]q

!) a};/L–/fDr]–3f]8]kfgL ## ls=dL=

Æ

!! nf]d;f]ª–u'Hff{ @$ ls=dL=

b'ud{ ufpF hf]8\g]

!@ u'hf{–9f]/kf6g @@ ls=dL=

cf/If0f If]q

oL afx]s o; lhNnfdf c? @) j6f eGbf a9L uf]/]6f]] tyf 3f]8]6f] af6fx¿ 5g\ . logLx¿ dd{t ;+ef/ / rSNofpg' kg]{ cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf * j6f uf=lj=;= dfq df]6/ af6f]n] 5f]Psf] 5 . ;8s 3gTjsf] lx;fj ubf{ df]6/ ;8s Hofb} gu0o g} /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= #%=!emf]n'Ë]]k'nx¿

l;=g+

k'nsf] gfd agfpg] ;+:yf

uflj; vf]nfsf] gfd

! 7"nf]vf]nf emf]=k'=, Hofd?ssf]6

lhlj; DofUbL–afun'ª -dflnsf_

9f]8]gLvf]nf

@ aufPvf]nf emf]=k'\, /Tg]rf}/

,, ,, 9f]8]gLvf]nf

# ;faf]6vf]nf ,, ,, ,, DofUbL–afun'ª 9f]8]gLvf]nf

$ 9f]8]gLvf]nf ,, ,,

,, DofUbL–afun'ª -d]g/f]8df_

9f]8]gLvf]nf

55

% a]gLahf/ -afndlGb/ cufl8_

SBD a]gLahf/–kj{t dNnfh

sfnLu08sL

^ a]gLahf/ j8f g+= ! sfnLk'n

SBD ,, ,, ,, ,,

& un]Zj/ emf]=k'= SBD 3tfg–dNnfh ,,* bfgf emf]=k'\ SBD bfgf–d':tfª ,,( bfgf Gof/Rofª

emf]=k'\=lhlj; ,, ,,

!) bf]ljNnf emf]=k'= SBD cy{'Ë]–Hofd?ssf]6

DofUbL gbL

!! d+unf3f6 emf]=k'=

lhlj; ,, ,, ,,

!@ l;+uf emf]=k'= ,, l;+uf–l;+uf ,,!# ;f]tf emf]=k'= ,, ,, ,,!$ hNs]gL emf]=k'= ,, l;+uf–a/+hf ,,!% b'w]vf]nf

emf]=k'=,, Hofd?ssf]6–

elsDnLb'w]vf]nf

!^ ch]{vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, elsDnL–a/+hf ch]{vf]nf

!& n'lnof3f6 emf]=k'=

,, j/+hf–afljofrf}/ DofUbLvf]nf

!* l;ds'gf emf]=k'= ,, j/+hf–afljofrf}/ ,,!( e't]/ emf]=k'= ,, j/+hf–l;+uf ,,@) a's]gLvf]nf

emf]=k'=,, a/+hf–a/+hf a's]gLvf]n

f@! vf]KtLvf]nf

emf]=k'=,, cd{g–lg:sf]6 vf]KtLvf]n

f@@ g]jf/]vf]nf

emf]=k'=,, jfljofrf}/–

afljofrf}/g]jf/]vf]nf

@# b'v'vf]nf emf]=k'=

SBD afljofrf}/–b/jfª b'v'vf]nf

@$ efO{jfªvf]nf emf]=k'=

lhlj; afljofrf}/–afljofrf}/

efO{jfªvf]nf

@% cd{gvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, cd{g–cd{g cd{gvf]nf

@^ lxnafªvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, lxnjfªvf]nf

@& pltl;gLvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, pltl;gLvf]nf

@* DofUbLvf]nf emf]=k'=

lhlj; afljofrf}/–cd{g DofUbLvf]nf

@( 5\of/5\of/] emf]=k'=

,, b/jfª–lg:sf]6 5\of/5\of/]vf]nf

#) /ftf]9+'uf emf]=k'=

,, b/jfª–cd{g /ftf]9+'uf

#! b/jfª emf]=k'= SBD b/jfª–b]jL:yfg-d]g/f]8df_

DofUbLvf]nf

56

#@ l6sfjfª emf]=k'= lhlj; lg:sf]6–cd{g l6sfjfª## ;fªf]af]6 emf]=k'= ,, lg:sf]6–b]jL:yfg ;fªf]af]6#$ km'Taf/L

emf]=k'=,, cf]v/jf]6–lg:sf]6 km'Tjf/L

#% l5;vf]nf emf]=k'= ,, lg:sf]6–?d l5;vf]nf#^ v/jfªvf]nf

emf]=k'=,, ?d–?d v/jfªvf]nf

#& vx/]vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, vx/]vf]nf

#* ;]pn'ªvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ?d–cf]v/jf]6 ;]pn'ªvf]nf

#( l/t'ªvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, cf]v/jf]6–cf]v/jf]6

l/t'ªvf]nf

$) g'gynf emf]=k'= ,, ,, g'gynf$! km]bL3f6

emf]=k'=,, ,, km]bL3f6

$@ vjfªvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, ;jfªvf]nf

$# sf]6vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, b]jL:yfg–tfsd sf]6vf]nf

$$ uf}8fvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, b]jL:yfg–b]jL:yfg

uf}8fvf]nf

$% Ps5fg] emf]=k'= ,, ,, Ps5fg]$^ 3/yf]s emf]=k'= ,, ,, 3/yf]s$& h'Uhfvf]nf

emf]=k'=,, ,, h'Uhfvf]nf

$* bfªvf]nf emf]=k'= SBD b]jL:yfg–tfsd bfªvf]nf$( sNn]gL emf]=k'= lhlj; tfsd–d/fª sNn]gL%) d/fªvf]nf

emf]=k'=,, tfsd–tfsd d/fªvf]nf

%! 3§]vf]nf emf]=k'= ,, d'gf–d'gf -d]g/f]8df_

3§]vf]nf

%@ ,, ,, ,, ,,%# km'T6'\;sf6\g]

vf]nf emf]=k'=,, ,, km'T6'\

vf]nf%$ s'gf}6] emf]=k'= SBD ,, s'gf}6]%% dfs]{3f6

emf]=k'=lhljl; ,, dfs]{3f6

%^ ghf{vf]nf emf]=k'=

SBD d'gf–n'nfª ghf{vf]nf

%& b/vf]nf emf]=k'= lhlj; d'gf–d'gf b/vf]nf%* ghf{vf]nf

emf]=k'=,, d'gf–d'gf

-d]g/f]8df_ghf{vf]nf

%( dfems6]/L emf]=k'=

,, n'nfª–n'nfª dfems6]/L

^) lrq]km]bL SBD ,, lrq]km]bL

57

emf]=k'=^! b/vf]nf emf]=k'= lhlj; ,, b/vf]nf^@ ;jfªvf]nf emf]=k'= ,, n'nfª–n'nfª ;jfªvf]nf^# nf5fjfªvf]nf

emf]=k'=,, u'hf{–u'hf{ nf5fjfªvf]n

f^$ s/DhfvfgL

emf]=k'=,, ,, s/DhfvfgL

^% 3'd{vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, 3'd{vf]nf

^^ ;'s]nf]6g]vf]nf emf]=k'

,, ,, ;'s]nf]6g]vf]nf

^& vfDnf3f6 emf]=k'=

,, d'bL–u'hf{ vfDnf3f6

^* jf/jfªvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, jf/jfªvf]nf

^( s'jfkfgL emf]=k'= ,, ,, s'jfkfgL&) lrDn]6L emf]=k'= ,, ,, lrDn]6L&! au/vf]nf emf]=k'= ,, ,, au/vf]nf&@ n's'/vf]nf

emf]=k'=,, dNsjfª–dNsjfª n's'/vf]nf

&# xf]kfvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, xf]kfvf]nf

&$ dnDkf/vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, dnDkf/vf]nf

&% l5/Lvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, l5/Lvf]nf

&^ bf]ljNnfvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, dNsjfª–s'Og] bf]ljNnfvf]nf

&& /3'u+uf emf]=k'= ,, s'Og]d+un]–s'Og]

/3'u+uf

&* ,, ,, ,, ,,&( ,, ,, ,, ,,*) kfvfkfgL hf]8\g]

emf]=k'=lhlj; s'Og]d+un]–

kfvfkfgLkfvfkfgL

*! 5/Lvf]nf emf]=k'= ,, d/fª–d'bL 5/Lvf]nf*@ ;fgf]vf]nf

emf]=k'=,, d/fª–d/fª ;fgf]vf]nf

*# d/fª 7'nf]vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, 7"nf]vf]nf

*$ d/fªvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ljd–ljd d/fªvf]nf

*% O{Nkm'vf]nf emf]=k'=

SBD ,, O{Nk'vf]nf

*^ lzj/fqLvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, lzj/fqLvf]nf

58

*& gf}ln:g]vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ljd–d/fª gf}ln:g]vf]nf

** d/fª hf]8\g] emf]=k'=

,, ,, d/fª

*( ef/jfªvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ljd–tfsd ef/jfªvf]nf

() /3'u+uf emf]=k'= ,, 3tfg–lkKn] /3'u+uf(! /3'u+uf sNn]gL

emf]=k'=,, kfTn]v]t–lkKn] ,,

(@ 3ofªu|Lvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, lem+–lem+ 3ofªu|Lvf]nf

(# sf/h+uvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, sf/h+uvf]nf

($ wf]svf]nf emf]=k'=

,, kfvfkfgL–kfvfkfgL

wf]svf]nf

(% ,, ,, ,, ,,(^ sfnfjfªvf]nf

emf]=k'=,, ,, sfnfjfªvf]n

f(& vx/]vf]nf

emf]=k'=,, kfvfkfgL–s'Og] vx/]vf]nf

(* sfnf]d'9f emf]=k'=

,, kfvfkfgL–kfvfkfgL

sfnf]d'9f

(( nfk'vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, nfk'vf]nf

!)) ,, ,, ,, /3'u+uf!)! /3'u+uf emf]=k'= ,, lrdvf]nf–lrdvf]nf ,,!)@ ,, ,, ,, ,,!)# lrdvf]nf emf]=k'= ,, ,, lrdvf]nf!)$ hfufvf]nf

emf]=k'=lhlj; lrdvf]nf–bUgfd hfufvf]nf

!)% /3'u+uf tftf]kfgL emf]=k'=

lhlj; bUgfd–kfvfkfgL /3'u+uf

!)^ bld{hf hfufvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, bUgfd–bUgfd hfufvf]nf

!)& sNn]/L emf]=k'= ,, bUgfd–lem+ sNn]/Lvf]nf

!)* a]uvf]nf emf]=k'=

SBD eujtL–a]uvf]nf a]uvf]nf

!)( ,, lhlj; j]uvf]nf–a]uvf]nf

a]uvf]nf

!!) s'r/Laf]6 emf]=k'=

,, ,, s'r/Lvf]nf

!!! ln:g]vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, ln:g]vf]nf

!!@ eL/h/fvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, eL/h/fvf]nf

!!# pltl;gLvf]nf ,, ,, pltl;gLvf]n

59

emf]=k'= f!!$ ltKNofªvf]nf

emf]=k'=SBD bf]jf–lx:tfg ltKNofªvf]

nf!!% 3§]vf]nf emf]=k'= SBD bf]jf–bf]jf 3§]vf]nf !!^ sfnLu08sL

emf]=k'=BBLL±lhlj

;bf]jf–lzv sfnLu08sL

!!& e"–tftf]kfgL emf]=k'=

SBD tftf]kfgL–lzv sfnLu08sL

!!* ,, lhlj; ,, ,,!!( b'jf8Lvf]nf

emf]=k'=SBD bfgf–bfgf b'jf8Lvf]nf

!@) sfnLu08sL emf]=k'=

SBD bfgf–Gof/Rofª sfnLu08sL

!@! ,, lhlj; ,, ,,!@@

,, ,, ,, ,,

!@#

ld:qLvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, Gof/Rofª–Gof/Rofª

ld:qLvf]nf

!@$

3TofDbLvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, 3TofDbLvf]nf

!@%

3f/v]fnf emf]=k'= SBD lzv–lzv 3f/vf]nf

!@^

,, lhlj; lzv–tftf]kfgL ,,

!@&

/ftf]kfgL emf]=k'=

,, lzv–lzv /ftf]kfgL

!@* c+w]/Lvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, c+w]/Lvf]nf

!@( emf/jfª emf]=k'= ,, ,, emf/jfªvf]nf

!#) 3f/vf]nf emf]=k'= ,, ,, 3f/vf]nf!#! l3|jfªvf]nf

emf]=k'=,, ,, l3|jfªvf]nf

!#@

vf]kfvf]nf emf]=k'=

lhlj; lzv–lzv vf]kfvf]nf

!##

:jfFtvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, :jfFtvf]nf

!#$ e/L;fªf]vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, e/L;fªf]vf]nf

!#%

3f]K6];fª emf]=k'=

,, ,, 3f]K6];fª

!#^

;fbLvf]nf emf]=k'=

,, ,, ;fbLvf]nf

!#&

sfnLu08sL emf]=k'=

,, lx:tfg–lkKn] sfnLu08sL

!#* ;+;f/]vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, lx:tfg–/fDr] ;+;f/]vf]nf

60

!#( 7"nf]vf]nf emf]=k'=

,, lx:tfg–lx:tfg 7"nf]vf]nf

!$) sfnLu08sL emf]=k'=

sfb'/L lx:tfg–a]u sfnLu08sL

!$! a};/L emf]=k'= lhlj; /fDr]–eujtL a};/L!$@

afF;vs{ k'ª\bL emf]=k'=

,, /fDr]–/fDr] afF;vs{

!$# ,, ,, ,, ,,!$$ /rbfg emf]=k'= ,, ,, /rbfg -kj{t

hf]8\g]_!$% DofUbLvf]nf

emf]=k'=SBD cy{'Ë]–elsDnL DofUbLvf]

nf!$^ 9f]8]gL vf]nf

emf]=k'=db/

x'8±uflj;/Tg]rf}/–afun'ª 9f]8]gLvf]

nf!$^ lbjfvf]nf l;d]G6]8 – u'hf{ u'hf{vf]nf!$* DofUbLvf]nf

emf]=k'=– l;+uf DofUbL

!$( lzvf emf]=k'= sfb'/L lzvf!%) 3/fDbL emf]=k' ,, lx:tfg!%! d/fªvf]nf

emf]=k'=,, d/fª

!%@

bf]jfvf]nf emf]=k' ,, dNsjfª

!%#

bf]jf emf]=k'= ,, bf]jf

!%$ k'/fgf] ufpF ,, k'/fgf] ufpF!%%

n'v'/k'n ,, n'?ª

!%^

lrdvf]nf ,, lrdvf]nf

!%&

lrdvf]nf ,, ,,

!%* au/k'n ,, ,,!%( 3f/k'n ,, knfGt]!^) 3/jfªk'n ,, lzv -kfpbf/_!^! g]kfg] ,, ,,!^@

emØfk|]vf]nf k'n 6«i6 la|h

,, a/+hf

!^#

kfgyf]svf]nf k'n ,, kfTn]vs{

!^$ aGbL3f6k'n ,, s'Og]d+un]!^%

/fx'3f6k'n 6«i6 la|h

,, lrdvf]nf

!^^

of/fvfgL k'n ,, sf]6ufpF

! lj:tLvf]nf k'n ,, gf/Rofª

61

^&!^* /fx'3f6k'n ,, bld{hf

;+s]tMSBD ;:k]08]8 -P;=lj=8L_BBLL :yfgLo k'n lgdf{0f

o; lhNnfdf 7"nf gbL, ;fgf ltgf vf]nf tyf vf]N;fx¿ k|z:t ePsf]n] uf]/]6f] tyf 3f]8]6f] af6f]df emf]n'Ë] k'n lgdf{0f eO{ /x]sf / x'g'kg]{ l:yltdf 5g\ . oxfF cf=j= )%&÷%* ;Dddf !^* j6f emf]n'Ë] k'nx¿ lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf xjfO{ oftfoft ;'ljwf k|fKt 5|}g . kf]v/faf6 a]gL;Dd ;8s oftfoft ;]jf pknAw 5 . ;8s 3gTj k|lt ju{ ls=dL= !$ dL= /x]sf] 5 . k|ltju{ ls=dL= a/fa/ #&** hg;+Vof /x]sf] 5 .

;8s oftfoft ;d:ofx¿ jftfj/0fLo IfltM xfnsf jif{x¿df DofUbL lhNnfsf] k|To]s ufpF

ljsf; ;ldltdf ;8s k'¥ofpg] cfGbf]ng g} rn]sf] b]lvG5 . ;8s vGbf kmflnPsf] df6f], 9+'ufsf] sf/0f tyf gfnL k|foM gagfOg] sf/0fn] oxfF jiff{ofddf k|z:t e"–Ifo x'g], ;8s klx/f] hfg] tyf gbL lsgf/fsf kmfF6x¿df gbL s6fg, af9L tyf df6f], 9+'uf, lu§L y'lk|O{ wg, hg Pj+ jftfj/0fLo Iflt x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

oftfoft rfk kof{Kt gx'g'M lhNnfdf ;8sx¿ agfOPsf] cg'kftdf oftfoftsf] ;fwg -6«flkms ef]No'd_ df a[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;8ssf] lgdf{0fdf cfly{s cj;/ k|ltkmn x]/]/ eGbf klg hgrfxgf, hgbjfj jf dfusf] cfwf/df ;8s aGg] u/]sf 5g\ .

5l/Psf j:tLx¿M DofUbL lhNnfdf a:tLx¿ 5l/P/ /x]sf x'gfn] kftnf j:tLx¿df ;8s k'¥ofpFbf clwstd k|ltkmn k|fKt g'xg], t/ klg hgtfnfO{ ;8ssf] ;'ljwf ljgf cGo ljsf;sf k|ltkmn k|fKt ug{ sl7gfO x'g] l:ylt /x]sf] 5 .

lbuf]kgfdf sl7gfO{M lhNnfdf ;8s a9\b} uPsf] cg'kftdf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] dd{t ;+ef/ vr{df aif]{gL j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . t/ cfDbfgLsf] xsdf s]jn Pp6f ;8saf6 ;jf/L s/ lng] ul/Psf] 5 .

6\ofS6/af6 pTkGg ;d:ofM vf; u/L jiff{df 6\ofS6/ rnfOFbf sRrL ;8sx¿ a9L lau|g uO{ dd{t vr{ a9L nfUg], nfdf] ;do ;8s aGb /xg] / 6\ofS6/ dfq rNg ;Sg] t/ cGo ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ rNg g;Sg] u/L ;8s lau|g] ;d:of b]lvPsf 5g\ .

;8ssf] u|]8 gldn]sf] tyf a9L 3'dfp/f]M k/Dk/fut k}bn dfu{nfO{ km/flsnf] kf/L agfOPsf jf k|fljlwsx¿sf] ;j]{ l8hfOgsf] ;§f hgtf :jo+n] cfˆg} tl/sfn] vg]sf sf/0f lhNnfsf sltko ;8sx¿ u|]8 gldn]sf Pj+ a9L 3'dfp/f] kfOPsf 5g\ .

62

pko'Qm k|ljlwsf] k|of]udf sl7gfOsf] sf/0f nfut a9L x'g'M s[lif ;8s k4ltdf n]a/ OG6]G;Le kmf];{nfO{ s]lGb|t ul/Psf]n] ;8ssf] nfut a9\g'sf ;fy} l9nfO x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

;8s oftfoftM ljsf;sf ;+efjgfx¿ s[lifsf] Jofj;foLs/0fdf lj:tf/M ;8s ;'ljwfsf] sf/0f s]xL ufpF

ljsf; ;ldltx¿ h:t}M /Tg]rf}/, Hofd?ssf]6, l;+uf, 3tfg, k'nfrf}/, afljofrf}/ / cy{'Ë]df Jofj;flos tl/sfn] t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n v]tL ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .

cGo k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;df d2tM ;8ssf] lj:tf/af6 vfg]kfgL, ljh'nL, 6]lnkmf]g h:tf k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug{ / cGo ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] cfof]hgfsf] ;fdfg 9'jfgL ug{ ;d]t d2t k'u]sf] b]lvG5 .

ko{6g ;+efjgfdf j[l4M ;8s lj:tf/ ePs} sf/0faf6 ko{6sx¿sf] cfudgdf ;'ljwf k'Ug uO{ ltgLx¿sf] cfudgdf j[l4 x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

ahf/ ljsf;M o; lhNnfsf s]xL ;8sx¿ h:t} a]gL–un]Zj/, a]gL–b/jfª, a]gL–kfvfkfgL cflb ;8ssf] s]xL cf;kf;sf j:tLx¿ ahf/ If]qsf] ?kdf ljsl;t x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ .

@=&=@ ;+rf/ ;'ljwfg]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg, DofUbLsf cg';f/ o; lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd a]gL ahf/df l;dG;af6 ##^ nfOg 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;+rflnt 5 . le=Pr=Pkm=af6 !^ j6f uf=lj=;=df 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ljt/0f ul/Psf]] 5 . uf=lj=;= sf] Ps 7fpFdf dfq 6]lnkmf]g k'u]sf] !$ j6f uf=lj=;= 5g\ eg] @ j6f uf=lj=;= df ##@ j6f nfOg 5g\ . DofUbL lhNnf el/df !# j6f km\ofS;, !$ j6f Od]n / $ j6f OG6/g]6 ;'ljwf k|fKt 5 . o; lhNnfdf Pp6f 6]lnkmf]g nfOg a/fa/ ;/b/ #@* hgf x'g cfpF5 . ;b/d'sfd aflx/ ( j6f uf=lj=;= -/fv'eujtL, e"–tftf]kfgL, bfgf, lzv, jfljofrf}/, b/jfª, tfsd, kfvfkfgL / /fDr]_ df !$ j6f df6{; k|ljlwsf] ;]6x¿ dfkm{t ;]jf k'u]sf] 5 . cf=j= @)%*÷%( df C-DOT Exchange af6 !%@ nfOg 6]lnkmf]g ljt/0f ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf ;a} uf=lj=;=df 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ xfn ;e]{ eO/x]sf] 5 . x'nfs l:yltoxfF lhNnf x'nfs Pp6f, Onfsf x'nfs !) j6f / cltl/Qm x'nfs @( j6f /x]sf 5g\ . ;/b/ @*&* hg;+VofnfO{ Ps x'nfs ;'ljwf k|fKt 5 . oxfF ( j6f 8fFs ;]jfx¿ 5g\ eg] x'nfs ;]jfdf ;fdfGotofM !!# hgf ;+nUg /x]sf 5g\ . wgfb]z ;]jf ;d]t pknAw 5 . lhNnfleq k|fKt x'nfs ;fdfu|L tLg lbg leq ;DjlGwt :yfgdf k'¥ofOg] gLlt /x]sf] 5 . ljZjsf] s'g} klg d'n'saf6 jLdf u/L k7fPsf] /sd Onfsf / lhNnf x'nfs dfkm{t t'?Gt} k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] ;'ljwf pknAw 5 . x'nfs k|of]ustf{x¿df ljb]zdf uO{ sfd ug]{ JolQmsf kl/jf/, ljBfyL{,

63

sd{rf/L, lzIfs, k|x/Lx¿ cu| :yfgdf /x]sf 5g\ . x'nfs s]Gb| / nfeflGjt hg;+Vof k|lt x'nfs lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ #^x'nfs ;DaGwL ljj/0f

l;=g+

x'nfs s]Gb|nfeflGjt hg;

+Vof÷k|ltx'nfs-/lhi6«/Lsf] dfu_

k|ltzt

1 n'nfª 682=00 4=342 /fv' 896=00 5=743 bfgf 1006=00 6=444 cy{'Ë] 1095=00 7=015 kfvfkfgL 1422=00 9=106 lzv 1427=00 9=147 jfljofrf}/ 1551=00 9=938 b/jfª 1689=00 10=829 Hofd?ssf]6 1724=00 11=0410 tfsd 2004=00 12=8311 3tfg 2116=00 13=55

hDdf 15612=00;|f]tM lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no DofUbL

DofUbL lhNnfdf k|ltlbg x'nfs ;]jf k|of]u ug]{ ;/b/ hg;+Vof )=@&Ü /x]sf] 5 .

oxfF lghL If]qdf Pp6f s'l/o/ ;]jf 5 eg] lhNnf x'nfsaf6 klg of] ;'ljwf k|fKt 5 .

lhNnf x'nfsn] ;a}eGbf a9L hgtfnfO{ ;'ljwf k'¥ofPsf] 5 . To;kl5 3tfgsf] x'nfs s]Gb|n] k'¥ofPsf] 5 .

;+rf/ If]qdf ljBdfg ;d:ofx¿ ;a}eGbf ;:tf], ;lhnf] / ;j{;'ne ;+rf/ dfWod /]l8of] xf] tfklg

DofUbL lhNnf sf7df08f} / kf]v/faf6 6f9f ePsf] x'gfn] oxfF /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 k|;fl/t sfo{qmd /fd|f];Fu ;'Gg ;lsb}g . 6]lnlehg ;+rf/sf] csf]{ dfWod xf] . o; lhNnfdf g]kfn

6]lnlehgsf] sfo{qmd ;fwf/0f PG6]gfn] l6Kg g;Sg] / Psdfq s]jn nfOg ljt/0f ;+:yf ePsf] x'gfn] dxª\uf] / ;j{;fwf/0fsf] kx'Fr eGbf 6f9f /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

!$ j6f Od]n / rf/j6f OG6/g]6 ;]jf ;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . oL ;]jfx¿ l56f], ;:tf] / ;lhnf] On]S6«f]lgs dfWod x'g t/ klg DofUbL lhNnfsf hgtfn] o; ;DaGwL hfgsf/L kfPsf / ;'ljwf k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . oxfF Od]n, OG6/g]6, P;=l6=8L=÷cfO{=P;=l6=8L= ;]jfx¿df rsf]{ dx;'n lng] ul/Psf] kfOG5 .

64

o; lhNnfsf $) j6} uflj;df x'nfs ;]jf /x]sf] t/ klg obfsbf ;dodf lr6\7L gk'Ug], k'u]sf lr6\7Lx¿ klg vf]lnPsf] x'g] tyf lr6\7L g} x/fpg] h:tf ;d:ofx¿ b]lvPsf] 5 .

;+rf/ If]qsf ;+efjgf tyf cj;/x¿ DofUbL lhNnfdf /]l8of] h:tf] ;j{;'ne dfWodnfO{ :t/Lo agfpgsf

nflu Pkm=Pd= :6]zg :yfkgf u/L ;+rf/ If]qnfO{ a9L k|efjsf/L, l56f] / ;j{;'ne agfpg ;lsG5 .

o; lhNnfdf OG6/g]6 ;e{/ /fVg ;lsPdf 6]lnkmf]g dx;'n nf]sn sn ;/x x'g] x'Fbf hgtfn] rsf]{ dx;'nsf] eflubf/ x'g gkg{'sf] ;fy} ljZjsf] x/s] s'gfs'gfdf eP u/]sf ;Lk, 1fg / k|ljlwnfO{ ;lhn};Fu hfGg a'em\g / pkof]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 .

oxfF x'nfsx¿ Jojl:yt ug{ sd{rf/Lsf] j]tg j[l4 ug]{, sd{rf/L yk ug]{ / Ps cg'udg ;ldltsf] u7g ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf] sfo{qmd ;:tf] ;'ne agfpg oxfF g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf] ;j :6]zg :yfkgf ug{'kg]{ cfjZostf b]lvPsf] 5 .

@=&=# 5fkfvfgf / k|sfzga]gL ahf/df k"/fgf] z}nLsf] 5fkfvfgf -n]6/ k|];_ # j6f / cfw'lgs z}nLsf] ckm;]6 k|]; @ j6f /x]sf 5g\ . xfn n]6/ k|];x¿ aGb x'Fb} uPsf] / ckm;]6 k|];sf] k|of]u a9\b} uPsf] 5 . DofUbL lhNnfaf6 @ j6f ;fKtflxs klqsf k|sflzt x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy} oxfFsf ljleGg sfof{no, ;+3÷;+:yf, Snj cflbn] klg ;do ;dodf cfˆgf k|sfzgx¿ k|sflzt ug]{ ub{5g\ .

@=&=$ ljB't tyf a}slNks phf{ ljsf; l:ylto; lhNnfdf ljB't ;]jf kof{Kt dfqfdf k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . xfn;Dd /fli6«o ljB't k|;f/0f ;]jfaf6 !$ uf=lj=;= sf @*&) -!!=^#Ü_ kl/jf/n] ljB't ;]jf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy} oxfFsf s]xL uf=lj=;=df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltM u|fdL0f phf{ ljsf; zfvf dfkm{t * j6f n3' hnljB't cfof]hgfaf6 klg ljB't pTkfbg u/L ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . cd{g !! ls=jf, d'gf %) ls=jf=, cf]v/af]6 #) ls=jf, ljd !! ls=jf=, lrdvf]nf #% ls=jf=, ;flgd vf]nf * ls=jf= -!@ ;]6_, uf]j/ Uof; KnfG6 !!$ j6f /x]sf 5g\ . ;f}o{ phf{ af6 $!% kl/jf/, & uf=lj=;=sf k]lN6s ;]6 !( -$)=^ ls=jf=_ af6 #(^ kl/jf/nfO{ ;]jf k'u]sf] 5 . ;a}ul/ lhNnfsf ;Dk"0f{ hg;+Vofsf] @!=&( k|ltzt 3/w'/Ln] dfq ljB't ;]jf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . d/fªdf #% ls=jf= n3' hnljB't of]hgf lgdf{0ffwLg cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd o; lhNnfdf ljB't ;]jf k'u]sf] hDdf @) uf=lj=;=x¿ /x]sf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf pTkfbg ePsf] b'O{ d]ufjf6sf] tftf]kfgL ;fgf hnljB't of]hgf /fli6«o k|zf/0fdf cfj4 ePsf] 5 .

oxfF sfnLu08sLdf clwstd !))% 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08, DofUbL gbLdf clwstd ^(! 3g dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08 / /3'u+ufdf clwstd !)% 3g

65

dL6/ k|lt ;]s]08 kfgL jUg] x'gfn] oL gbLaf6 k|z:t dfqfdf hnljB't lgsfNg ;lsg] ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 . ;fy} oxfF cUnf kxf8 / vf]r klg ePsf]n] ;f}o{ phf{sf] ;+efjgf klg /x]sf]5 . o; lhNnf kz'kfngsf] nflu klg k|Voft ePsf]n] uf]j/ Uof;af6 a}slNks phf{ k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf klg plQs} 5 . ljB't ;]jf k|fKt u/]sf 3/kl/jf/ / pBf]usf] l:ylt uf=lj=;= cg';f/sf] ljj/0f tflnsf #& df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ #& ljB't pTkfbg tyf k|of]u l:ylt

l;=g+=

uf=lj=;= u|fxs ;+Vof -3/ kl/jf/_

pBf]u ;+Vof

dlGb/ cGo

1 lzv 544 -39=5_ 2 1

2 lx:tfgd08nL 256 -45=9_ 2

3 /fDr] 113 -21=32_

4 a]uvf]nf 140 -33=41_ 3

5 /fv'eujtL 260 -33=03_ 2

6 /fv'lkKn] 99 -11=43_ 2

7 e"–tftf]kfgL 50 -23=47_

8 Gof/Rofª 120 -25=37_

9 bfgf 154 -33=18_

10 3tfg 303 -30=48_ 1

11 /Tg]rf}/ 30 -6=06_

12 Hofd?ssf]6 50 -7=08_

13 cy{'Ë] 192 -10=18_

14 dNnfh -kj{t_ 773 7 6

hDdf 3084 19 7

;|f]tM tftf]kfgL ;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgf

gf/Rofª uf=lj=;=sf] 3/fkdf pTkfbg ul/Psf] ljB't cf+lzs ?kdf o; lhNnfsf !# uf=lj=;=, kj{t lhNnfsf] dNnfh / d':tfªsf] 3fF;fdf ;d]t ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ #*ljB't vkt l:ylt

l;=g+

uflj; c=c=

3/]n' cf}Bf]lus

u}/Jofkfl/s

Jofkfl/s dlGb/ ;8s c:yfo

L hDdf

1 gf/Rofª 121 1212 bfgf 155 4 1593 e"– 48 2 50

66

tftf]kfgL4 lzv 538 2 5 2 5475 lx:tfgd08

nL257 2 1 260

6 /fDr] 113 1 1147 a]uvf]nf 138 3 1 1428 /fv'eujtL 257 2 2 1 2629 /fv'lkKn] 99 2 1 10210 3tfg 310 3 4 7 32411 cy{'Ë÷a]

gL754 19 53 10 3 2 841

12 Hofd?ssf]6

50 50

13 /Tg]rf}/ 30 3014 dNnfh -

kj{t_195 195

15 3fF;f -d':tfª_

54 2 56

hDdf 3119 33 75 10 14 2 3253

;|f]tM tftf]kfgL ;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgf

67

o; lhNnfdf a}slNks phf{sf lsl;d / nfeflGjt 3/w'/L ;+Vof lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ #*=!a}slNks phf{sf] l:ylt

l;=g+ ljj/0f

;+Vof

Ifdtf ls=jf=

nfeflGjt

uf=lj=;=

nfeflGjt 3/w'/L lgsfo

1 ;fgf hnljB't s]Gb|

1 2000 ls=jf= 12 2870 -11=63_

g]=lj=k|f=

2 n3' hnljB't of]hgf

8 194 8 1707 -6=92_ phf{ ljsf; zfvf ÷;d'bfo

3 k]lN6«s ;]6 29 40=6 16 396 -1=61_ phf{ ljsf; zfvf÷;d'bfo

4 ;f}o{ Kofgn 403 16 8 403 -1=63_ p=lj=zfvf ÷k|fOe]6

hDdf @@%) %#&^ -@!=&(_

;|f]tM tftf]kfgL ;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgf / u|fdL0f phf{ ljsf; zfvf

o; lhNnfdf tk;Ln cg';f/sf] l:ylt b]lvG5M– o; lhNnfdf ;du|df @=@% d]=jf= ljB't zlQm pTkfbg ePsf] /

%#&^ -@!=&(Ü_ 3/kl/jf/ nfeflGjt ePsf] . dfly tflnsfdf lbOPsf] ljj/0fsf] cnfjf o; lhNnfdf #% j6f ldnx¿n] !

*) ls=jf= ljB't zlQm pTkfbg ug]{ u/]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnfdf pGgt r'Nxf]sf] ;+Vof ^)) -@=$#Ü 3/w'/Ldf_ /x]sf] 5

. jflif{s ( d]=6= uf]j/ vfgf ksfpg pkof]u x'g] u/]sf] 5 . kz'hGo pTkfbgaf6 jflif{s !!($#! u]=h'= phf{ pTkfbg

ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf 5 hals dfu (* u]=h'= dfq 5 .

68

s[lifhGo pTkfbgaf6 jflif{s !@$$&(* u]=h'= phf{ pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] 5 eg] dfu ^(^&^^ u]=h'= /x]sf] 5 .

jfof]Uof; / pGgt r'Nxf]sf] lgdf{0f of]hgfj4 tl/sfn] ug{ ;lsPdf o;n] jg;Dkbf dflysf] ef/ em08} %)Ü n] 36fpg ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

k|ltlbg lhNnfnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ phf{ dWo] ^*Ü sf7bfp/f / @(Ü s[lifhGo cjz]if u/L (&Ü phf{sf] dfu gjLs/0fLo phf{ k|0ffnLaf6 cfk"lt{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

tYof°af6 lhNnfsf] ;du| phf{sf] dfu @)!($*% u]=h'= /x]sf] / cfk"lt{ @!&%*@% u]=h'= -dfueGbf cfk"lt{ & n] a9L_ ePsf] b]lvG5 .

ljB't If]qdf ljBdfg ;d:ofx¿ oxfF ljB'tLo ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ hg;+Vof j[l4b/df sdL x'g' ljB't\

If]qdf ljBdfg Ps ;d:ofsf] ?kdf kfOPsf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfdx¿df a9L dx;'n kg{ hfG5 . o;sf ;fy} hLjg:t/ kl/jt{g b/df dGb /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

nf]8 ;]l8ªsf] ;d:ofM o; lhNnfdf ljB'tLo ;]jfsf] l:yltnfO{ x]bf{ a9L nf]8 ;]l8ªsf] ;d:of b]lvG5 . o;n] b}lgs hghLjg / cf}Bf]lus sfo{df sl7gfO{ k/]sf] 5 .

lghL If]qsf] ;+nUgtfsf] sdLM DofUbL lhNnfsf] ljB'tLo If]qdf lghL If]qsf] ;+nUgtfdf sdLnfO{ Ps ;d:ofsf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . h;n] ubf{ n3' hnljB't ;]jf tyf j}slNks phf{ ljsf;df sdL ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

6«fG;dL6/sf] Ifdtf eGbf a9L nfOg ljt/0fM 6«fG;dL6/sf] Ifdtf eGbf a9L ljB't nfOg ljt/0f x'g' klg ljB'tLo If]qdf ljBdfg Ps ;d:of xf] . h;n] ubf{ a]nfa]nfdf lah'nL hfg], rfx]sf] hlt zlQm k|of]u ug{ g;Sg] cflb x'G5 . k|fljlws 1fgsf] sdLn] ubf{ ljB'tLo zlQmnfO{ ;xL tl/sfaf6 ;xL 7fpFdf pkef]u ug{ sl7gfO{ kg{ hfG5 .

ljB't r'xfj6sf] ;d:ofM o:tf] ;d:of vf; u/]/ hgr]tgfdf sdLsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ x'G5 . 5l/Psf j:tLsf] sf/0f o; lhNnfdf ljB't r'xfj6sf] ;d:of b]lvG5, h;n] ubf{ nfut w]/} k5{ .

ljB't If]qdf ;+efjgf tyf cj;/x¿ DofUbL lhNnf Ps kxf8L e"–agf]6 tyf hn ;Dkbfsf] wgL ePtfklg

ljB't ;]jfsf] lj:tf/ dGb ultdf ePsf] 5 . oxfF n3' hnljB't ;]jfsf] k|z:t} ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 . ljB't ;]jfsf] ljsf; lj:tf/ u/L ljB'tLo ;]jf pkef]u ug]{ hg;+Vofdf j[l4 ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

lghL If]qnfO{ klg ljB't pTkfbg / ljt/0f If]qdf k|f]T;fxg lbO{ o;df ljBdfg ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{'sf] ;fy} l5d]sL lhNnfx¿df ;d]t o;sf] laqmL u/L lhNnfsf] cfo;|f]t j[l4 ug{ ;lsG5 .

ljB't ;]jfsf] nflu j}slNks phf{ ljsf; tkm{ klg hgr]tgf hufO{ To:tf lsl;dsf ;]jfx¿sf] ljsf; ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

69

@=* ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ tyf ;]jf@=*=! dfgj ;+;fwgsf] ljsf;g]kfnsf] dfgj ljsf; k|ltj]bg, !((* sf cg';f/ ;g\ !((^ df lnOPsf] ljj/0faf6 DofUbL lhNnfsf] dfgjLo ;"rfÍ )=#)( 5 . oxfFsf] ;/b/ cfo' %(=& jif{ 5 t/ !((* sf] Human Development Report (HDR) cg';f/ k'?ifsf] cfo' %( jif{ / dlxnfsf] cfo' %^=^ jif{ /x]sf] 5 . o:t} ;fIf/tf $# k|ltzt dWo] k'?ifsf] %*Ü / dlxnfsf] @*Ü/x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] k|lt JolQm cfo ?=(,(%).– oxfFsf] n}lËs ljsf; ;'rsfÍ )=@–)=# leq kb{5 / cg'dflgt cfo' ;'rsfÍ )=%^&, z}lIfs pkl:ylt )=@&% / cfo ;"rsfÍ )=)*^ /x]sf] 5 .

@=*=@ lzIff ;]jf tyf z}lIfs l:yltDofUbL lhNnfdf :gfts tx;Dd k9fO x'g] lghL If]qsf] Pp6f dfq SofDk; 5 . pRr df=lj= @ j6f, df=lj= #^ -;/sf/L #@ / lghL $ u/L_ j6f, lg=df=lj= #) -@( / !_ j6f / k|f=lj= !%$ -!%@ / @_ j6f lzIf0f ;+:yf 5g\ . oL ;+:yfx¿df k'?if *)( / dlxnf !^* u/L hDdf (&& hgf lzIfs lzlIfsfx¿ sfo{/t 5g\ . tfnLd k|fKt lzIfs lzlIfsf $$=!( k|ltzt -#!! hgf_ 5g\ . SofDk; txdf @%(, pRr df=lj= df ^$, df=lj=df @!(*, lg=df=lj=df %##$ / k|f=lj=df @%)&^ hgf 5fq5fqfx¿ cWoog/t 5g\ . o; lhNnfsf $) j6f uf=lj=;= dWo] @( j6f uf=lj=;=df df=lj= ;'ljwf pknAw 5 .

o; lhNnfdf k"j{ k|f=la=, k|f=lj=, lg=df=lj=, df=lj=, pRr df=lj= / SofDk; ljBfyL{ egf{b/ -School Enviroment Participation Rate) *%=(# k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . :s"n 5f]8\g] b/ @$=% k|ltzt ljBfyL{ tyf sIff sf]7f cg'kft -u|fdL0f / zx/L_ !(.#$M! 5 . ljBfyL{ lzIfs cg'kfg #$=$#M! /x]sf] 5 . ljBfno:t/df n}lËs leGgtf Go"g /x]sf] 5 . ljBfno hfg] ^ jif{ b]lv !% jif{;Ddsf aRrfx¿sf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ ;/b/ &! k|ltzt ljBfyL{ ljBfnodf hfG5g\ . h; dWo] k'?if *! k|ltzt / dlxnf ^! k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ljut kfFr jif{sf] ^–!) jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf ljBfyL{sf] j[l4 b/ lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ #( ^–!) jif{ pd]/sf ljBfyL{ ;+Vof

l;=g+

jif{ljBfyL{ ;+Vof

j[l4b/dlxnf k'?if hDdf

1 2053 6846 7134 13980 2 2054 7026 7322 14345 2=613 2055 7212 7516 14728 2=674 2056 7403 7715 15117 2=645 2057 7621 7894 15515 2=63

70

k|ltjif{ ;/b/ 7222 7516 14738 2=64;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, DofUbL

jflif{s ljBfyL{ ;/b/ j[l4 b/ @=^$Ü /x]sf] 5 . hg;+Vof j[l4b/ / ljBfyL{ egf{ j[l4b/ s/Lj s/Lj a/fj/ h:t}

b]lvPsf]n] ljBfyL{ egf{b/ /fd|f] dfGg ;lsG5 . cf=j= @)%*÷%( b]lv cfwf/e"t tyf k|fylds lzIff kl/of]hgf

nfu" ePsf] 5 .

ljut kf“r jif{df z}lIfs ;"rsx¿sf] l:ylt lgDgcg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ $)z}lIfs ;"rs

l;=g+

;"rs @)%#

@)%$

@)%%

@)%^

@)%& ;/b/

1 ;xh} b]lvg] egf{ b/

162=2 163=35 180=3 150=3 165 164=23

2 v'b ljBfyL{ egf{ b/

82=3 85 83=6 80=8 82=4 82=82

3 v'b 5fqfsf] egf{ b/

73=7 75=62 73=80 75=86 80=63 75=92

4 ljBfyL{ egf{ b/

30=4 30=56 69=31 69=42 71=2 54=18

5 k|fylds tx k'/f ug]{ b/

16=8 14=36 21=45 22=03 20=0 18=93

6 ;fIf/tf b/ 41=0 41=6 42=1 42=5 43=1 42=06

71

7 dlxnf ;fIf/tf 26=5 26=7 27=1 27=5 28 27=16;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, DofUbL

;xh} b]lvg] egf{b/ -!!&Ü_ eGbf w]/} a9L !^%Ü /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

jflif{s ljBfyL{ egf{ b/ -*@=*@Ü_ gjf} of]hgfsf] cGTo ;Dd ()Ü k'¥ofpg] /fli6«o nIosf] glhs k'Ug nfu]sf] b]lvG5 .

5fqfx¿sf] ;/b/ v'b egf{ b/ cf=j= )%&÷%* df *)=^#Ü /x]sf] 5 .

;/b/ ljBfyL{ egf{b/ %$=!*Ü /x]sf] 5 . egf{b/ ljut % jif{df a9b} cfPsf] 5 .

;/b/ k|fylds tx k"/f ug]{ b/ !*=(# b]lvPsf] 5 . t/ of] b/ ljut % jif{b]lv qmlds ?kdf a9b} cfPsf] 5 . /fli6«o l:ylt ;/b/ -#(_ eGbf DofUbLsf] cj:yf sd g} b]lvG5 . ljBfno 5f8\g] b/ !!=!*Ü 5 / ljBfyL{ lzIfs cg'kft !M##=#& /x]sf] 5 .

DofUbL lhNnfdf lzIffsf] k"jf{wf/ l:ylt lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ $!;/sf/L ljBfnox¿sf] z}lIfs k"jf{wf/ l:ylt

l;=g+

jif{

ljBfno ;+VofSofD

k;

lzIfs ljBfyL{ cg'k

ft

df=lzIff ljsf; OsfO

{

k|f=lj=

lg=df=lj

df=lj

pRr df=lj=

hDdf

1 2053 138 22 25 185 1 12 2054 147 24 28 193 1 1M33 13 2055 143 24 33 200 1 1M34 14 2056 155 29 35 1 220 1 1M33 15 2057 154 30 35 1 220 1 1M33 1

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, DofUbL

ljBfnox¿sf] nflu tnj, eQf / k|zf;gLs vr{ afkt jflif{s ( s/f]8 ?k}of vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

xfn !%$ k|f=lj=, #) lg=df=lj=, #% df=lj= / ! pRr df=lj= u/L hDdf @@) ;/sf/L ljBfnox¿ ;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . o;} u/L Pp6f SofDk; / Pp6f dfWolds lzIff ljsf; OsfO{ ;d]t ;]jfdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

lghL:t/df & j6f ljBfnox¿ ;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . uf=lj=;=sf] kxndf cg'dlt lnO{ :yflkt ljBfnox¿sf] cj:yf

nufgLsf] lx;fan] pTkfbsd"ns x'g ;s]sf] kfOb}g .

tflnsf gDa/ $@lzIfsx¿sf] l:ylt

72

l;=g+

ljBfnosf] tx

ln·sf] lx;fan] lzIfs ;+Vof of]Uotfsf] lx;fan] lzIfs ;+Vof

dlxnf k'?if hDdf USLC SLC Inter Dip. Mas.1 k|fylds

ljBfno162 524 686 55 565 51 15

2 lg=df=lj= 5 171 176 131 43 23 df=lj= 1 114 115 109 64 p=df=lj= 3

hDdf 168 809 977 55 565 182 167 8

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, DofUbL dlxnf lzlIfsf k|fylds ljBfnodf @@=^!Ü, lg=df=lj=df

@=*$Ü / df=lj=df )=*&Ü dfq /x]sf] b]lvG5 . k|f=lj=df %% hgf lzIfs -*=)@Ü_ P;=Pn=;L= of]Uotf

gePsf] b]lvG5 . oL lzIfsx¿n] nfdf] ;dob]lv cWofkg u/fpFb} cfpg' ePsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ $# | tfnLd k fKt lzIfs

l;=g+

tfnLd lzIfs lzlIfsf hDdf

1 cfO=P8\=

61 6 67

2 la=P8\=

83 2 85

3 Pd=P8\=

3 3

hDdf 147 8 155;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, DofUbL

la=P8=, cfO=P8\, Joj;flos lzIffdf P;=Pn=;L= / !) dlxgfsf] lzIfs tfnLd lnPsf lzIfsx¿nfO{ tfnLd k|fKt dflgG5 . o; cg';f/ tfnLd k|fKt lzIfs @*=)%Ü / lzlIfsf %Ü Pj+ ;/b/ @@=^Ü dfq tfnLd k|fKt 5g\ .

73

lzIfsx¿sf] z}lIfs of]Uotf tkm{ x]bf{ lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–c08/ P;=Pn=;L=%%, P;=Pn=;L= %^%, cfO=P jf ;f] ;/x k|f=lj=df %! / lg=df=lj=df !#! u/L hDdf !*@ hgf 5g\ o:t} lj=P= jf ;f] ;/x k|f=lj=df !%, lg=df=lj=df $# / df=lj=df !)( u/L hDdf !^& hgf /x]sf 5g\ . l8u|L jf ;f] eGbf dfly lg=df=lj= df @ hgf / df=lj=df ^ hgf u/L hDdf * hgf /x]sf 5g\ . -o;df ;/sf/L :t/df hDdf (&& hgf lzIfsx¿ dWo] lzlIfsfx¿ k|f=lj=df= !^@ hgf, lg=df=lj=df % hgf / df=lj=df ! hgf u/L hDdf !^* hgf /x]sf 5g\ ._

tflnsf gDa/ $$ljBfyL{ ;+Vofsf] l:ylt -;/sf/L ljBfno dfq_

l;=g+=

ljBfno 5fq 5fqf hDdf

1 k|fylds 12814 12262 250762 lgDg

dfWoflds3424 1910 5334

3 dfWolds 1243 955 21984 pRr dfWolds 28 36 64


5fqx¿sf] ;+Vof eGbf 5fqfx¿sf] ;+Vof sd b]lvPsf] 5 . of] ;+Vof ;a}eGbf sd lg=df=lj= txdf 5 . t/ pRr df=lj= df

74

5fqfx¿sf] ;+Vof a9L 5 . dfWolds txdf $#=$$Ü / pRr dfWoldsdf %^=@%Ü b]lvG5 . cf};tdf 5fqfx¿sf] ;+Vof $^=$@Ü /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ $%ljBfnosf] ef}lts ;'ljwf -;/sf/L dfq_

l;=g+=

ef}lts ;'ljfwfsf] ljj/0f

ePsf] gePsf]

yk ug{'kg]{

1 ljBfno ejg 220 400 sIff sf]&f2 ‰ofn 9f]sfsf] vfkf 1900 114 j^f3 sfnf]kf6L 1065 519 j^f4 zf}rfno 175 138 j^f5 vfg]kfgL 73 147 6 v]n d}bfg 13 147 7 sDkfp08 jfn 57 207 8 8]:s÷a]~r 4101 133 -ljBfnodf_ 9 b/fh 151 2300 ;]^10 6]jn 253 69 j^f11 lnyf] d]l;g 30 190 5 j^f12 kmf]6f]skL 2

13 6]lnkmf]g 2 218

14 z}lIfs ;fdfu|L 220 gk'u ;+Vofdf % .15 cf]=x] k|f]h]S6/

16 5fqfaf; 1 219

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, DofUbL

tflnsf gDa/ $^lzIffdf lghL If]qaf6 ul/Psf k|of;x¿

l;=g+ ljBfno tx ljBfno ;

+Vof ljBfyL{ ;+Vof

lzIfs ;+Vof

s}lkmot

1 k"j{ k|f=lj= / k|f=lj=

10 1553 54

2 lg=df=lj= 4 272 273 df=lj= 4 114 25


s"n ljBfno -;/sf/L cg'bfg k|fKt ljBfno / lghL ljBfnox¿ u/L_ @#* ePsf]df lghL ljBfnox¿sf] :yfg &=%^Ü /x]sf] 5 .

75

s"n ljBfyL{ -;/sf/L cg'bfg k|fKt ljBfno / lghL ljBfno u/L_ ;+Vof #$^)! ePsf]df lghL ljBfnodf %=^Ü ljBfyL{x¿ cWoog/t 5g\ .

s"n lzIfs -;/sf/L cg'bfg k|fKt / lghL_ x¿sf] ;+Vof !)*# /x]sfdf lghL ljBfnodf lzIfsx¿ (=&*Ü /x]sf] 5 .

lghL If]qaf6 lzIffdf &=^$Ü 6]jf k'u]sf] b]lvG5 .

tflnsf gDa/ $&ljifout lzIfs ;+Vof

l;=g+

laifo lg=df=lj=

df=lj=

p=df=lj=

hDdf k|ltzt

1 c+u|]hL 22 19 41 14=642 ul0ft 28 15 43 15=353 lj1fg 14 11 25 8=924 g]kfnL 35 21 56 205 ;fdflhs 47 26 73 26=076 Jofj;flos 5 2 7 2=57 cGo 24 21 45 16=07

hDdf 175 115 280 100;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, DofUbL

pRr df=lj=df xfn;Dd ;/sf/L tj/af6 lzIfs b/jGbL k|bfg ul/Psf] 5}g .

Joj;flos lzIff / lj1fg lzIffsf lzIfsx¿sf] pknAwtf cToGt} Go"g /x]sf] -@=%Ü / *=(@Ü_ 5 .

c+u|]hL, ul0ft / cGo laifosf lzIfsx¿sf] pknAwtf dWod vfnsf] / ;fdflhs laifosf lzIfsx¿sf] pknAwtf pRr /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ $*;fIf/tf l:ylt

;fIf/tf l:ylt )$( )%$ )%* lhNnfsf] 40 41=6 43

k'?if 56 58

dlxnf 24 26=7 28

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, DofUbLtxut ?kdf ljBfyL{ lzIfs cg'kft x]bf k|f=lj=df= #%M!, lg=df=lj=df @&M!, df=lj=df !(M! /x]sf] 5 . lzIfs ljBfno cg'kft k|f=lj=df $=&$M!, lg=df=lj= df &=(!=M!, df=lj=df @=($M! /x]sf] 5 . ljBfyL{ ljBfno cg'kft k|f=lj=df=!^^M!, lg=df=lj=df @!*M! / df=lj=df %%M! /x]sf] 5 . oxfF ljBfno ;|f]t s]Gb| !% j6f /x]sf 5g\ .

lzIff If]qsf ;d:of / ;jfnx¿

76

ljBfnodf lzIfssf] cg'kl:ylt x'Fbf To;sf] ;§f lzIfs egf{sf] Joj:yf gx'Fbf z}lIfs u'0f:t/df x|f; cfPsf] 5 . lzIfssf] cg'kl:yltdf sIff vfnL /xg] x'G5 . kmn:j?k ljBfyL{x¿sf] ;do jjf{b x'g hfG5 . lzIfs, lzlIfsf tfnLddf hfFbf, ;'Ts]/L labf, lj/fdL labf, ;+lrt ljbfdf /xFbf ljBfnon] cNksfnLg ?kdf lzIfs egf{ ug{ kfpg] k|fjwfg 5}g .

lzIffdf gofF k|ljlwsf] k|of]u gx'g'M lghL ljBfnosf] t'ngfdf ;/sf/L, ljBfnox¿df k|of]uzfnf, sDKo'6/, Od]n, k':tsfno cflb ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g .

cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg sfo{ k|efjsf/L gx'g'M lhNnf lzIff sfof{noaf6 rf}dfl;s ?kdf cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg ug]{ elgPtf klg of] sfo{ k|efjsf/L x'g;s]sf] 5}g . ;|f]t JolQmx¿ k|foM 3/df a:g] / tnj lng dfq} lhNnf ;b/d'sfd cfpg] k|rng a9L 5 .

/fhgLtLs/0f xfjL x'g'M lzIfffdf /fhgLtLs/0f cToGt} a9L 5 . lzIfsx¿ cltl/Qm sfo{sf] ?kdf lzIf0f k]zfnfO{ lng] ub{5g\ eg] /fhgLlts} cfwf/df lzIfs egf{ ;?jf cflb ul/Psf] kfOG5 . /fhg}lts bnx¿n] cfˆgf elugL ;+3÷;+u7gnfO{ k|of]u u/]sf] kfOG5 . kmn:j?k lzIff sfof{non] cg'zf;g kfng u/fpg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . /fhgLlt s} sf/0f Joj:yfkg ;ldlt klg ;lqmo x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

a]nfa]nfdf cleefjs a}7s gx'g'M cleefjs / lzIfsx¿ aLr cGt/ls|of sfo{qmd x'g] u/]sf] 5}g . afnaflnsfsf] z}lIfs l:yltsf] af/]df cleefjsn] sd rf;f] b]vfpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . afnaflnsfsf] z}lIfs cj:yfsf] af/]df ;"rgf lng]lbg] sfo{sf] cefj b]lvG5 .

k9\g 5f8\g] k|j[lQ a[l4M u'?ª, du/ tyf blnt hfthfltx¿df k|fylds tx k"/f u/]kl5 k9\g 5f8\g] k|j[lQ b]lvG5 . ljb]zL ;]gfdf etL{ x'g hfg], 3/fo;L sfddf v6\g], vf;u/L j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] cflb sf/0faf6 tL hfltsf afnaflnsfx¿n] dfWolds tx;Ddsf] lzIff k"/f ug]{ k|j[lQ sd b]lvG5 .

lzIff If]qsf ;+efjgfx¿ lzIff If]qdf nufgL ug]{ ljleGg If]qn] rf;f] b]vfO{ /x]sf jt{dfg

cj:yfdf ljBfnosf] ef}lts ;'wf/, 5fqfjf; lgdf{0f, vfg]kfgL, zf}rfno cflb lgdf{0f Pj+ k9\g5f9\g] k|j[lQnfO{ lg?T;flxt ug{ sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng ug{ ;lsG5 . o; sfo{df /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o u}=;=;=x¿n] ;xof]u u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

ljBfno ;'wf/sf] nflu ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, uf=lj=;= tyf lzIfsx¿ aLr ;femf ;xdlt eO{ sfo{qmd ;+rfng x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

k|fylds txdf dlxnf lzlIfsfsf] ;+Vofdf qmdzM j[l4 x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

77

@=*=# :jf:Yo ;]jf ;'ljwf tyf :jf:Yo l:yltDofUbL lhNnfdf :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] nflu Pp6f lhNnf c:ktfn, Pp6f k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|, cf7j6f :jf:Yo rf}sLx¿ -lzv, e"–tftf]kfgL, Hofd?ssf]6, l;+uf, cd{g, tfsd, n'nfË, kfvfkfgL_, #) j6f pk:jf:Yo rf}sLx¿ / tLgj6f cfo'j]{b cf}ifwfno -bfgf, eujtL / a]gL_ u/L $@ j6f :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿ sfo{/t 5g\ . oL ;'ljwfx¿sf] ;fy;fy} !& j6f lghL lSnlgsx¿ 5g\ . oxfF @*() hgf hgtf a/fa/ Pp6f :jf:Yo ;+:yf kb{5 . oxfF ^^^$ hgf hgtfsf] nflu Ps a]8 kb{5 . o:t} !() hgfsf nflu Ps :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ pknAw /x]sf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf lzz' d[To'b/ k|lt xhf/df ^!=%, afn d[To'b/ k|ltxhf/ !)@=# / dft[ d[To'b/ k|lt bz xhf/df $) /x]sf] 5 . Ps 306f leq x]Nykf]i6 ;]jf k|fKt ug{ g;Sg] 3/ kl/jf/ !&=!$ k|ltzt 5g\ . oxfF /f]uLx¿ dWo] %$ k|ltzt /f]uLx¿ Ifo/f]uL 5g\ . k|lt bz xhf/ hg;+Vofdf !=% hgf s'i7/f]uL 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] c:yfoL ;fwg k|of]u s/Lj Ps ltxfOn] ug]{ u/]sf] cg'dfg 5 . æ;g\ @))) ;Dd ;a}sf nflu :jf:YoÆ eGg] gf/f ;lxt o; lhNnfdf ljleGg sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf 5g\ . d'Vo sfo{qmdx?df Ifo/f]u lgoGq0f, s'i7/f]u lgoGq0f, dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+ ;]ljsf, k|hgg\ :jf:Yo, kl/jf/ lgof]hg, lj:tfl/t vf]k, emf8fkvfnf lgoGq0f, :jf:Yo / kl/jf/ lgof]hg, Zjf; k|Zjf;, kf]if0f, :jf:Yo lzIff–;"rgf ;+rf/ tfnLd, ;'/lIft dft[Tj, PsLs[t ;'kl/j]If0f, cf}nf] pGd"ng, cf}+iflw pks/0f vl/b / 9'jfgL, ufpF 3/ lSnlgs, ;'+8]gL, /fli6«o kf]lnof] /f]u pGd"ng / /fli6«o le6fldg æPÆ sfo{qmd /x]sf 5g\ . lhNnfsf] :jf:Yo l:ylt tflnsf g+= $( df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ $(:jf:Yo l:ylt

l;=g+=

ljj/0f OsfO{

! lzz' d[To'b/ k|lt xhf/ ^!=%@ jfn d[To'b/ k|lt xhf/ !)@=## s"n k|hgg\ b/ $=@Ü$ cf};t cfo' jif{ %(=&% dft[ d[To' b/ k|lt bz xhf/ $)^ kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;fwg k|of]ustf{ #^=^Ü& ;'F8]gLaf6 k|;"lt %)Ü* @=% s]=hL= eGbf sd tf}n hGd @#Ü( sf]/f d[To'b/ k|ltxhf/ (=^!) sf]/f hGdb/ k|lt xhf/ ##=!!! cTofjZosLo :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] pknAwtf &)Ü!@ aRrf kfpg] pd]/sf ljjflxt dlxnf #%Ü!# s08d ljt/0f jo:s -k'?ifnfO{ k"0f{ ue{ !=*^Ü

78

lg/f]w ul/Psf]_ -!!@(@! hgf_!$ lkN; rSsL ljt/0f ul/Psf] ljjflxt dlxnf !=$$Ü!% IUD ,, ,, ,, )=@!Ü!^ DEPO ,, ,, ,, %=)Ü!& kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;fwg k|of]u k|ltzt *=%!Ü!* c:yfoL ;fwg (Pills, Depo, Iud) nuftf/ k|

of]u ug]{ dlxnf%=%)Ü

!( :yfoL jGWofs/0f ug]{ dlxnf )=#%Ü@) ue{ lg/f]ws ;fwg k|of]u b/ @&Ü@! kl/jf/ lgof]hg ug]{ OR5's -!!

$÷@))_#!Ü

;|f]tM lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, DofUbL

o; lhNnfdf ljut % jif{df b]lvPsf d'Vo /f]ux¿ / /f]uLx¿sf] ljj/0f :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿sf] l:ylt / sfo{/t hgzlQm s|dzM tflnsf gDa/ %), %! / %@ df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ %)d'Vo !) j6f /f]ux¿

l;=g+=

/f]ux¿cf=j=÷hg;+Vof

53÷54 110086

54÷55 112094

55÷56 114142

56÷57 116228

57÷58 115544

jflif{s a[l$b/%

1 Diarrheoa 3929 4930 6247 5904 6396 +16%2 Infestinal Worms 4832 5807 5912 6297 6087 +7%3 Skin Disease 4434 5887 5504 6205 7006 +15%4 ARI -Zjf; k|Zjf;_ 4328 2983 4575 5183 6493 +13%5 Gastritis 2640 2985 3642 3450 3974 +13%6 Pyesia of unknown

origin -sf/0f kQf gnfu]sf] Hj/f]_

1709 2493 2565 2829 3107 +21%

7 Ear Infection 1623 2237 2108 2556 +19%8 Eya Disease 1299 1556 1843 2128 +8%9 Chronic Bronchitis 1270 1414 1909 160210 Fall/Injuries/Fractory 1390 1343 1162 1137 -6%

hDdf 32767 34995 36890 40486 +8%


plNnlvt bz k|d'v /f]ux¿sf] /f]uLsf] ;+Vofdf ;/b/ jflif{s j[l4b/ *Ü /x]sf] .

lhNnfsf] s"n hg;+Vof dWo] cf=j= )%$÷%% df @(Ü nfO{ plNnlvt /f]ux¿ nfu]sf]df cf=j= )%&÷%* df of] ;+Vof a9]/ #%Ü k'u]sf] .

tflnsf gDa/ %!:jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿

l;=g

:jf:Yo ;+:yf )$^ eGbf klxn]

)$^–%) )%$–)%*

79

+! lhNnf c:ktfn – ! !@ :jf:Yo s]Gb| ! – –# k|fylds :jf:Yo

s]Gb|– – !

$ :jf:Yo rf}sL ( ( *% pk:jf:Yo rf}sL – % #)

hDdf !) !% $);|f]tM lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, DofUbL

tflnsf gDa/ %@:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf sfo{/t hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f

l;=g+

hgzlQm b/jGbL

l/Qm

l;=g+

hgzlQm

b/jGbL

l/Qm

1 d]l8sn ;'kl/6]G8]G6

1 11 u|f=:jf=sf=

30 5 28

2 ,, clws[t 1 50 12 df=l;=sf=

30 4 13

3 hg:jf:Yo clws[t 1 10 13 d=:jf=:j+=;]

360 33 9

4 lhNnf ;xfos 7 2 29 14 ;'8]gL 92

5 x]Ny cl;i6]G6 12 6 64 15 gf=;'= 2

6 :6fkm g;{ 4 2 50 16 vl/bf/ 1

7 Nofj 6]lSgl;og 1 50 17 n]vfkfn 1

8 lhNnf ;xfos -lå_

3 68 18 ;=n]=kf=

2 1 50

9 c=x]=j= 42 5 12 19 d'lvof 8 1 1310 c=g=ld= 13 4 50 20 lkog 62 2

hDdf 85 19 hDdf 588 79;|f]tM lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, DofUbL

:jLs[t b/jGbLsf] %) b]lv !)) ;Dd g} b/jGbL l/Qm x/]sf kbx¿df d]l8sn clws[t, hg:jf:Yo clws[t, x]Ny clzi6]G6, :6fkm g;{, 6]lSgl;og, c=g=ld= / ;n]kf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

pknAw tfnLd k|fKt :jf:Yo sfo{stf{x¿df %@ lx:;f dlxnf :jf:Yo :j+o ;]ljsfx¿af6 pknAw ePsf] b]lvG5 .

tflnsf gDa/ %#Ifo/f]u ;DaGwL ljj/0f

l;=g+

;"rs )%#÷%$

)%$÷%%

)%%÷%^

)%^÷%&

)%&÷%*

;/b/

1 /f]uL kQf nufpg] b/

61 35 52 54 45 49

2 lgsf] x'g] b/ 60 70 77 72 703 vsf/ g]u]l6e

x'g] b/71 80 94 80 62 77

80

4 DOTs nfu' ePsf] 5=35 5=35 7=74 41


Ifo/f]uLsf] l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M– cf=a= )%@÷%# sf] t'ngfdf cf=a=)%&÷%* sf] cGTodf lj/fdL ;

+Vof @$ n] 36]sf], kQf nufOPsf lj/fdL ;+Vof $@ n] 36]sf] / c;Qmtf qmddf s'g} km/s gcfPsf] .

k|sf]k b/ ljut % jif{df @@ n] 36L xfn )=&^ k|lt bzxhf/ /x]sf] .

ue{jtL dlxnfn] lgDg cg';f/sf] ;'ljwf lgDg jif{x¿df lnPsf] b]lvG5M–tflnsf gDa/ %$

ue{jtL dlxnfn] k|fKt u/]sf ;'ljwx¿l;=g+

;"rs )%#÷%$

)%$÷%%

)%%÷%^

)%^÷%&

)%&÷%*

;/b/

1 cg'dflgt ue{jtL ;+Vof

4353 4435 4516 4598 4683 ®1=9

2 k"j{ k|;"lt ;]jf ;+Vof

1334 1442 2667 2492 3101 ®33=12

3 Total ANC Visit 2336 3036 3493 3834 5066 «®29=224 hLljt hGd 195 351 243 541 590 ®50=645 s"n k|;"lt 195 351 243 541 590 ®50=646 !% b]lv $$ jif{sf

dlxnf24625 25073 25533 25999 26475 ®1=88

7 MWRA 19977 20342 20714 21092 21478 ®1=888 PNC 1st visit 513 526 509 0=49 Maternal Health 9 1 2 3910 Delivery Health Worker 281 177 319 406 ®14=8311 ,, TBa 70 66 222 184 ±®54=29


k|ltjif{ !!=%*Ü jo:s ljjflxt dlxnf ue{jtL x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . ^^=@@Ü ue{jtL dlxnfn] k"j{ k|;"lt ;]jf kfpg ;s]sf 5g\ . c:ktfn / ;DjlGwt :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf cfpg] ue{jtL

dlxnf !)=*&Ü /x]sf 5g\ . cf};tdf x/]s !@ hgf ue{jtL dlxnf a/fj/ Ps hgf :jf:Yo

sfo{stf{ pknAw ePsf 5g\ . 6L=6L= vf]k nufpg] ue{jtLx¿ @%Ü dfq /x]sf 5g\ . *^=@&Ü ue{jtL dlxnfnfO{ pQ/ k|;"lt ;]jf pknAw ePsf] 5 . xfn lhNnfdf la=l;=hL= vf]k k|fKt jfnjflnsf *$Ü, l8=lk=l6–

# vf]k k|fKt jfnjflnsf &)=*Ü, kf]lnof]–# vf]k k|fKt jfnjflnsf &)=@*Ü / bfb'/fsf] vf]k k|fKt jfnjflnsf &)Ü /x]sf] 5 .

afnaflnsfsf] :jf:Yo ;DaGwL l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5 emf8f kvfnfaf6 lj/fdL – @%=*Ü

81

emf8f kvfnfaf6 d[To' x'g] – )=!$Ü k'gh{nLo pkrf/ kfpg] – ($=#)Ü k'gh{nLo Kofs]6 ljt/0f – !=!# Kofs]6 k|lt /f]uL jRrf . Zjf; k|Zjf; /f]u nfUg ;Sg] jfnjflnsf -% jif{d'gL_ x¿ cf=j= )

%#÷%$ df (!%! /x]sf]df cf=a= )%&÷%* df !&!#* /x]sf] 5 . Zjf; k|Zjf;sf gofF lj/fdL @$=^*Ü /x]sf] 5 . Go"df]lgof ePsf aRrf $$=!^Ü /x]sf] 5 . /f]uL aRrfx¿ dWo] ^*=!Ü P06Ljfof]l6s l6«6d]G6 ul/Psf

kb{5g\ .

le6fldg æPÆ sfo{qmdaf6 lgDg cg';f/ ;'ljwf k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvG5

tflnsf gDa/ %%le6fldg æPÆ sfo{qmd

l;=g+

;"rs )%#÷%$

)%$÷%%

)%%÷%^

)%^÷%&

)%&÷%*

1 # jif{ ;Ddsf nlIft jfnjflnsf

1594 9725 9903 10085 10268

2 # jif{ b]lv % jif{sf nlIft jfnjflnsf

15005 15284

3 !%–$$ jif{ ue{jtL dlxnf hg;+Vof

24625 25073 15533 25999 26475

4 !%–$$ ,, ue{jtL dlxnf ;+Vof

4355 4435 4516 4598 4683

5 tf}n lng cfPsf )–# jif{sf aRrf

4072 4993 4546 5511 5920

6 )–# jif{sf sd tf}nsf aRrf

1031 625 1126

7 le6fldg æPÆ kfPsf aRrf ;+Vof

28787 625 973


!)=*@Ü jfnjflnsf -% jif{d"gL_ le6fldg æPÆ af6 al~rt b]lvG5 .

:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf tf}n lng cfpg] # jif{ d'lgsf jfnjflnsf %&=^%Ü /x]sf] .

s_ o; lhNnfdf :jf:Yo ;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu lgDg cg';f/sf ;ldltx¿ u7g ul/Psf 5g\M !_ kf]lnof] ;dGjo ;ldlt @_ 86 ;ldlt -Dots committee)#_ P8\; ;dGjo ;ldlt $_ ;'/lIft dft[Tj ;dGjo ;ldlt

82

%_ c:ktfn ;xof]u ;ldlt^_ :jf:Yo÷pk:jf:Yorf}sL, ;xof]u ;ldlt

&_ cfsl:ds ;]jf ;dGjo ;ldlt

:jf:Yo If]qsf ljBdfg ;d:ofx¿ oftfoftsf] c;'ljwfM DofUbL lhNnfdf ;8s g]6js{ ;a} uflj;df

k'u]sf] 5}g . ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf] sf/0f cf}+iflw 9'jfgL ;]jf, lg/LIf0f, cg'udg d"NofÍg ug]{ sfo{df afwf k/]sf] b]lvG5 .

b/jGbL kbk"lt{ gx'g'M lhNnf c:ktfndf @ hgf 8fS6/sf] b/jGbL ePtfklg Pshgf dfq} kbk"lt{{ x'gfn] :jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfgdf c;/ k/]sf] 5 . ;j–x]Nykf]i6, x]Nykf]i6 / c:ktfndf u/L ==== sd{rf/Lx¿sf]kb l/Qm ePsf] b]lvG5 .

;a} x]Nykf]i6, x]Nykf]i6x¿df ;]jf ;'ljwfsf] sdL x'g'M >L % sf] ;/sf/n] jif{df lbg] cf}+iflw afx]s cGo ;'ljwf pknAw 5}g . :jf:Yo s]Gb|, :jf:Yo rf}sLdf sf]N8r]gsf] Joj:yf gx'Fbf cf}+iflwx¿ ;'/lIft ;fy :6f]/ ug{ ;lsPsf] kfOb}g . ;|f]t cefjsf sf/0f ;fdfGo vfnsf cf}+iflwx¿ klg :jf:Yo s]Gb|df /x]sf] kfOb}g .

sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ tfnLdsf] Joj:yf gx'g'M :Jf:Yo sfof{nodf sfo{/t :jf:Yosld{x¿nfO{ a]nfa]nfdf u'0f:t/Lo :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] nflu k'g{tfhuL tfnLdsf] Joj:yf ePsf] kfO{b}g . kmn:j?k u'0f:t/Lo :jf:Yo ;]jf k|fKt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

cfo'j]{lbs :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿ pRr k|fyldstfdf gkg{'M >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] gLlt cg';f/ lhNnfdf hDdf # j6f cfo'j]{lbs :jf:Yo ;+:yf /x]sf 5g\ . tfklg oL :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿df b/jGbL k"/f gx'g', ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] nflu kof{Kt /sd ljlgof]hg gx'g', cfo'j]{lbs lrlsT;f ;DjGwL k|rf/–k|;f/sf] sdL, h8La'6Lsf] klxrfg, ;+/If0f, v]tL gul/g' cflb sf/0faf6 cfo'j]{b If]qsf] ljsf; x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 klg cfo'j]{lbs If]qsf] ljsf;sf] nlfu 7f]; sbd rflnPsf] kfO{b}g .

:jf:Yo If]qsf ;+efjgfx¿ h8La'6L ;+efljt If]qx¿sf] klxrfg e} ;s]sf] 5 . >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿nfO{ klg ljsf; ah]6

ljlgof]hg u/]sf] v08df cfo'j]{b lrlsT;f k4ltaf6 bL3{ /f]uLx¿sf] ;+Vofdf sdL Nofpg] tyf gsf/fTds k|efj -Side Effect_ x'gaf6 hf]ufpg ;xof]u ldNg] lyof] .

DofUbLdf h8La'6Lsf] /fd|f] ;+efjgf ePsf If]qx¿sf] sdL 5}g . h8La'6Lsf] ;fd'lxs v]tL ug{ ;s]df cf}+iflw lgdf{0f ug{ sRrfkbfy{ tof/ u/L cfocfh{g sfo{df 6]jf ldNg'sf ;fy} ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf 5 . ;fy} cfo'j]{b c:ktfn :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf /x]s]f 5 .

u};;x¿ :jf:Yo If]qdf sfd ug{ cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ . h8La'6L ;+efljt If]qx¿sf] klxrfg e};s]sf] 5 .

83

@=*=$ vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cj:yfo; lhNnfsf &@=%Ü hgtfn] d"nsf] kfgL vfg]kfgLsf] ?kdf k|of]u ub{5g\ . o; lhNnfdf xfn;Dd ;fgfltgf, ;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo tyf lghL If]qaf6 ;d]t u/L !@% j6f vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx¿ ;DkGg ePsf]df !* j6f vfg]kfgL /fd|f] cj:yfdf ;+rflnt 5g\ . c? a[xt dd{t ;'wf/ ug{'kg]{ cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . ^&=@^Ü hgtfnfO{ !% ldg]6 leq vfg]kfgL pknAw 5 eg] %Ü hgtfn] vfg]kfgL lngsf] nflu #) ldg]6 eGbf a9L lx8\g' kg]{ cj:yf 5 . vfg]kfgLsf ;|f]tx¿sf] ljj/0f tn tflnsf g+= %^ df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ %^vfg]kfgLsf] l:ylt

l;=g+

uf=lj=;=

s'n hg;+Vo

f

vfg]kfgL ;'ljwf k|fKt hg;+Vof

kfOk

Ogf/

6\o'j]n

s'jf d"n gbL

h?jf

em/gf

gx/÷

s"nf]

9'+u] wf/f]

cGo

1 cd{g 4063 3960 60 17 20 72 cy{'Ë] 3193 3103 80 203 afljofrf}

/2946 2757 53 27 17 20 13

4 a/+hf 5716 3347 1873

17 40 177 267 50

5 a]uvf]nf

2260 2043 160 17 23

6 elsDnL 3856 3413 143 53 133 17 277 lad 2040 1890 90 20 408 lrdvf]nf 1360 1163 33 117 309 bUgfd 1144 1053 50 3710 bfgf 1877 1573 13 120 67 17 8711 b/jfª 2773 2477 100 103 23 7 43 2012 b]lj:yfg 4797 4360 23 337 27 2313 3tfg 3650 3520 20 97 6714 bf]jf 1304 1163 23 4315 u'hf{vf

gL890 890

16 lx:tfg d08nL

2217 2163 20

17 lem+ 1624 1130 87 50 43 34018 Hofd?

ssf]63177 2660 23 137 183 93 27 10 20

19 s'x'F 3640 2567 33 117 483 7 57 37320 s'Og]d

+un]1457 1240 217

21 n'nfª 1470 1427 2322 dNsjfª 1524 1877 233 152

7133

23 d/fª 2096 893 20 540 297 80 20 163 8324 d'bL 2073 1450 120

027 17 125

725 d'gf 2477 507 57 193 100 1620

84

26 gf/Rofª 1820 1653 60 73 20 1327 lg:sf]6 2020 1873 70 8328 cf]v/jf]6 2270 2053 97 20 60 4029 kfvfkfg

L2914 2280 193 463

30 kfTn]v]t 1754 190031 k'nfrf}/ 3750 2847 820 43 30 732 /

fv'eujtL3316 2783 40 27 17 427

33 /fv'lkKn]

3136 2793 40 67 60 30

34 /fDr] 2620 1783 803 117 20 30 335 /Tg]rf}/ 2414 239336 ?d 5360 2127

4128

0670 407 30 847

37 lzv 5153 4450 287 223 17 20 17338 l;+uf 3046 2703 57 160 17 7739 tfsd 2740 1930 47 27 60 3 13 40040 tftf]kfg

L600 563 10 17

hDdf 106537

86757 199 57 908

7545

1 380 955 837 4781 1803

;|f]tM lh=lj=;= Database Profile

lh=lj=;= DofUbLaf6 @)%* ;fn a}zfv h]7df #)Ü gd"gf ;j]{If0fsf] cfwf/df pk/f]Qm tYofÍ tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . oxfF ax';+Vos hgtfn] kfOkaf6 vfg]kfgL ;'ljwf kfPsf 5g\ . oxfFsf hgtfn] ;/;kmfOdf vf;} Wofg k'¥ofPsf] kfOb}g . kfgLsf] d"n -;|f]t_ :jR5 /fVg], vfg]kfgLnfO{ 5f]k]/ /fVg], kfgL pdfn]/ jf 5fg]/ -lkmN6/ u/]/_ vfg], lbzf u/]kl5 ;fa'gn] xft w'g] h:tf s'/fx¿sf] tYofÍ ;+sng ul/Psf] 5}g . oxfFsf @( k|ltzt hgtfn] kSsL sRrL rkL{sf] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . !! k|ltzt kl/jf/n] dfq Jojl:yt ?kdf kmf]xf]/ vfN6f]df kmfNb5g\ .

oxfF Jojl:yt ?kdf rkL{ gePsf ljBfnox¿ !!^ j6f 5g\ eg] vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yf gePsf ljBfnosf] ;+Vof (* /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfdf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO sfo{qmddf Ps lhNnf vfg]kfgL sfof{no, !@ u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf, lh=lj=;= / uf=lj=;=x¿ ;+nUg /x]sf 5g\ . ljut kfFr jif{df kfFr jif{ d'lgsf #&(& afn aflnsfdf emf8fkvfnf nfu]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf] l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ %&vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf] l:ylt

l;= g+=

uf=lj=;=

nfeflGjt hg;+Vof l;=

g+=

uf=lj=;=

nfeflGjt hg;+Vof

vfg]kfgL

;/;kmfO

vfg]kfgL

;/;kmfO

85

1 n'nfË 100 66 21 /Tg]rf}/ 75 462 kfTn]v]t 100 49 22 l;+uf 75 293 d/fª 100 22 23 u'hf{ 71 104 j]uvf]nf 98 24 24 cf]v/af]6 71 275 bUgfd 98 9 25 jfljofrf}/ 70 846 s'xF'+ 98 47 26 k'nfrf}/ 68 577 b]jL:yfg 94 7 27 /fv'eujtL 68 308 lx:tfgd08

nL94 82 28 3tfg 68 15

9 lg:sf]6 95 1 29 s'Og]d+un]

67 0

10 d'bL 91 15 30 dNsjfª 64 311 d'gf 90 79 31 lem+ 63 612 bf]jf 85 24 32 tfsd 55 3813 cy{'Ë] 85 32 33 e"–

tftf]kfgL55 84

14 bfgf 83 20 34 ljd 52 215 lrdvf]nf 82 85 35 Hofd?ssf]6 44 1916 Gof/Rofª 82 29 36 /fv'lkKn] 43 2517 lzv 79 42 37 j/+hf 38 2118 /fDr] 78 18 38 kfvfkfgL 37 219 cd{g 78 75 39 ?d 22 020 b/jfª 77 29 40 elsDnL 8 10

;|f]t M lhNnf vfg]kfgL sfof{no, DofUbL

o; lhNnfdf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf] l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M– ztk|ltzt vfg]kfgL ;'ljwf tLgj6f uf=lj=;=df k|fKt 5 . oL

uf=lj=;=df lhNnfsf] $=$#Ü hg;+Vof a;f]af; ub{5g\ . &%Ü b]lv ((Ü ;Dd hgtf nfeflGjt ePsf] uf=lj=;=x¿ !( j6f 5g\ .

oL uf=lj=;=x¿df lhNnfsf] %*=^%Ü hg;+Vof a;f]jf; ub{5g\ . %)Ü b]lv &$Ü ;Dd hgtf nfeflGjt ePsf uf=lj=;=x¿ !@ j6f 5g\ .

oL uf=lj=;=x¿df lhNnfsf] @%=@Ü hg;+Vof a;f]af; ub{5g\ . *Ü b]lv $(Ü ;Dd hgtf nfeflGjt ePsf uf=lj=;=x¿ % j6f 5g\ . oL

uf=lj=;=x¿df lhNnfsf @!=&%Ü hg;+Vof a;f]jf; ub{5g\ . uf=lj=;=sf] ;+VofnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf cf};tdf k|To]s

uf=lj=;=sf &@=%Ü hgtfn] vfg]kfgL ;'ljwf k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

hg;+Vofsf] lx;fan] DofUbL lhNnfsf ^&=@^Ü hgtfn] vfg]kfgLsf] ;'ljwf k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

t'ngfTds lx;fan] ;/;kmfOsf] l:ylt /fd|f] /x]sf] uf=lj=;=x¿df lrdvf]nf, jfljofrf}/, e"–tftf]kfgL, lx:tfgd08nL, d'gf, cd{g, n'nfª, k'nfrf}/, kfTn]v]t, s'x'F / /Tg]rf}/ x'g\ . oL uf=lj=;=df $^Ü b]lv *@Ü hg;+Vofsf] ;/;kmfO l:ylt /fd|f] /x]sf] 5 .

86

cToGt} g/fd|f] ;/;kmfOsf] l:ylt ePsf !) uf=lj=;= x¿ qmdzM s'Og]d+un], ?d, lg:sf]6, ljd, kfvfkfgL, dNsjfª, lem+, b]lj:yfg, bUgfd / elsDnL x'g . oL uf=lj=;=x¿df d'lZsnn] !)Ü ;Dd hg;+Vof dfq Go"gtd ;/;kmfO ;'ljwf k|fKt ug{ ;s]sf 5g\ .

;/;kmfOsf] b[li6sf]0faf6 k|To]s uf=lj=;=sf] #$=%^Ü hgtfnfO{ Go"gtd ;/;kmfOsf] ;'ljwf k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . vfg]kfgLdf lhNnf vfg]kfgL sfof{noaf6 ul/Psf] nufgL / nfeflGjt hg;+Vof ljj/0f lgDg cg';f/ /x]s]f 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ %*vfg]kfgLdf nufgL / nfeflGjt hg;+Vof

l;=g+

cfly{s jif{

ljlgof]lht ?=

vr{ /sd -?=df_

k|ult - df_

nfeflGjt hg;

+Vofs}lkmot

1 2057÷58 10301998.51 6433408.14 92=21 2112

k|zf;lgs vr{ ;d]t

2 2056÷57 8528000. 6256101.75 93=32 28223 2055÷56 7999000. 5503956.07 92=79 30534 2054÷55 8788000. 6701437.03 93=37 29375 2053÷54 7460000. 5631061.79 93=42 2800

hDdf 43076998.51

306701437.03

93=02 13724

;|f]t M lhNnf vfg]kfgL sfof{no, DofUbL

cf=j= @)%#÷%$ b]lv @)%&÷%* ;Ddsf] kfFr jif{sf] cjlwdf o; lhNnfsf hDdf !!=**Ü hg;+VofnfO{ vfg]kfgL sfof{noaf6 ;'ljwf k'¥ofOPsf] cyf{t jflif{s cf};t @=#&Ü hgtfnfO{ ;'ljwf k'¥ofOPsf] .

vfg]kfgL pknAw u/fpg k|ltJolQm ;/b/ ?= @@@$=@& vr{ ePsf] .

lhNnfsf afFsL #@=&$Ü hgtfnfO{ vfg]kfgL pknAw u/fpg ca * s/f]8 $! nfv $@ xhf/ ?k}ofsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . vfg]kfgL ;DaGwL cGo ljj/0f lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M– DofUbL lhNnfdf pk/f]Qm cg';f/ vfg]kfgLsf] ;'ljwf

pknAw u/fpFb} hfg ;s]df o; lhNnfdf vfg]kfgL ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg em08} !$ jif{ nfUg] b]lvG5 .

cf=j= )%*÷%( df cGo ;+3÷;+:yfx¿af6 em08} $=%Ü hg;+Vof vfg]kfgLaf6 nfeflGjt x'g] ePsf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf vfg]kfgL If]qdf sfo{/t /x]sf ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ tflnsf g+= %( df lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ %(vfg]kfgL If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yf / sfo{If]q

l;=

;+:yfsf] gfd

sfo{If]q-uf=lj=;= / j8f g+=_

s}lkmot

87

g+

1 lhNnf vfg]kfgL sfof{no

cf]v/jf]6–%, *, (, ?d–#–(, b]jL:yfg–!–(, ljd–#, *, (, j/+hf–!, @, #, 3tfg–!–(, lrdvf]nf–!–(, b/jfª–!, #, %, (, lg:sf]6–@–(, jfljofrf}/–%, k'nfrf}/–!, @, %, bf]jf–*, Gof/Rofª–&, *, (, lkKn]–!, ^, *, (, lzv–&, *, (, bfgf–#, j]u–!, ^, &, *, (, lx:tfgd08nL–#, %, &, *, n'nfª–!–(, tfsd–@–(, /Tg]rf}/–@, elsDnL–!–(, l;+uf–*, (, d/fª–!, @, $, ^, &, (, kfTn]v]t–!–(, bUgfd–!–^, s'Og]d+un]–%, d'gf–!, @, #, *, (, cy{'Ë]–!, #, $, %, ^, s'x'F–#, ^, cd{g–!, @, ^, *, ( / /fv'eujtL–!–(

2 Pd=l8=Pd= j/+hf, jfljofrf}/–!, lkKn]–#, %, j]uvf]nf–!, @, %, ^, lem+, cd{g–@ .

3 eQmk'/ x:tsnf

cf]v/jf]6–#, $, j/+hf–^, n'nfª–$, kfvfkfgL–@, $, %, s'Og]d+un]–!, @, #, d'bL–$, (, lem+–!, @, %, ^

4 j[l6; uf]vf{ jonkm]o/

j/+hf, j]u–&, cd{g–&

5 cfO=Pg=Pkm=

d'bL–!–*, u'hf{–!–(6 sfdHof]tL

hfkfg /fDr]–%, ^

7 Dofk hfkfg lzv–#8 o"=P;=P= /

Sofg8f lx:tfg–!, @, ^

9 ef/tLo /fhb"tfaf;

lx:tfg–(10 s]==P=P=P

= Gof/Rofª–(, lzv–@, bfgf–%, ^, & .

11 lh=lj=;= l;+uf–*, k'nfrf}/–!, @, %, (, s'Og]d+un]–%, e"–tftf]kfgL–!, (, s'xF'+–!, @, #, $, lem+ .

12 x+ªsª lx:tfg–^13 cf/

=l;=o'=lk= lzv–%, ^

14 o'lg;]km ?d–#, $, tfsd– #, ^, *, (, /Tg]rf}/–!–$, dNsjfª15 uf=lj=;= cf]v/jf]6–!, @, ljd, afljofrf}/–$, k'nfrf}/–%, ^,

*, bf]jf–!, @, %, (, lkKn]–$, %, ^, &, lzv–*, bfgf–$, &, *, (, /Tg]rf}/–*, (, l;+uf–!, @, #, &, *, kfvfkfgL–(, e"–tftf]kfgL–!, @, cy{'ª]– #, $, ^, &, * / cd{g–% .

16 :yfgLo ljsf; sf]if

s'xF'+, jfljofrf}/, 3tfg, /fv'eujtL, bf]jf

;|f]t M lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no, DofUbL

88

vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{M ljBdfg ;d:ofx¿ ;f+u7lgs ;zQmLs/0f x'g g;Sg'M ;DkGg vfg]kfgL

cfof]hgfx¿ dWo] sltkodf pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g ePsf 5}gg\ . sltkodf ;lqmotfsf] sdL b]lvG5 . ;+u7gfTds÷;+:yfut efjgfsf] sdLsf sf/0f ;ldltx¿ ;zQm x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

kfgLsf] z'4tfdf sdLM lhNnfdf z'4 vfg]kfgLsf] cefj dx;'; ePsf] 5 . kfgL z'4Ls/0f u/]/ dfq vfg]kfgLsf] lglDt cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g .

nfutdf j[l4M w]/}h;f] a:tL 5l/P/ /x]sf]n] vfg]kfgL k'¥ofpg nfut a9\g] x'G5 .

k|fljlws 1fgsf] sdLM vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePkl5 To;sf] dd{t ;+ef/sf lglDt :yfgLo JolQmx¿df k|fljlws 1fgsf] sdL 5 . k|fljlwssf] vf]hL / k|ltIffdf ;fdfGo dd{tsf] nflu klg s}of}+ lbg s'g'{kg]{ x'G5 .

vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{M ;+efjgf tyf cj;/x¿ vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx¿df ckgTjsf] efjgfsf] ljsf;, cfof]hgfsf]

u'0f:t/df j[l4 / of]hgf ;DkGg ePkZrft\ lgoldt dd{t–;+ef/ u/L lbuf]kgsf] nflu pkef]Qmf ;ldlt Pj+ ;d'bfo leq}af6 bIf hgzlQm tof/ ug{sf] nflu lh=vf=kf= sfof{noaf6 ;do ;dodf tfnLd ;+rfng ul/b} cfOPsf] 5 .

;DkGg cfof]hgf ;+rfngsf] nflu ljleGg u}/;/sf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx¿, uf=lj=;=, lh=lj=;= / vfg]kfgL sfof{non] ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

pkef]Qmfx¿af6} vfg]kfgLsf] d'xfgsf] ;/;kmfO tyf z'4tfdf Wofg k'¥ofpg yflnPsf] 5 .

@=*=% v]ns"b tyf qmL8f:yno; lhNnfdf ;fgf tyf 7"nf u/L s/Lj $) j6f v]ns"b d}bfgx¿ 5g\ . DofUbL lhNnf kxf8L / a9L eL/fnf] e"–efu ePsf]n] oxfF v]ns"bsf] nflu pko'Qm hdLgsf] sdL 5 . a:tL tyf ufpFx¿df ;fj{hlgs v'nf hUuf Psbd} sd 5 . w]/}h;f] ljBfnodf v]ns"b d}bfg agfpg] 7fpF gePsf]n] ;d:of k/]sf 5 .

;d:of tyf ;jfnx¿ v]ns"b ;DaGwL ultljlw ;+rfngdf oyf]lrt Wofg glbOPsf] . v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ k|f]T;fxg / ;+/If0f ug]{ sfo{ gul/Psf] . v]ns"b dgf]/~hgsf nflu qmL8f:yn, kfs{ agfpg] ;DjGwdf 7f];

gLlt lgod agfOPsf] b]lvb}g . lhlj; uflj;x¿af6 o'jf Snjx¿nfO{ slxn]sfxL s]xL /sd k|bfg ul/Psf] kfOG5 .

;fj{hlgs, ktL{, P]nfgL hUufx¿ cltqmd0f x'g] qmd hf/L g} 5 .

;+efjgf tyf cj;/x¿

89

sfnLu08sL gbLdf ¥oflˆ6ª ;+rfng u/L lab]zL d'b|f cfh{g ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf 5 .

gu/f]Gd'v uf=lj=;=sf ktL{ hUufx¿df qmL8f:yn lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf 5 .

elnan, km"6an / dfz{n cf6{sf] /fd|f] ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 .

@=*=^ ;dfhsNof0f ;]jf l:ylto; lhNnfdf a[4 c;xfo, ckfË / cgfyfx¿sf] ;]jf ug{sf] nflu ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng ePsf 5g\ . oxfF @)%( c;f/ dlxgf ;Dddf &% jif{ gf3]sf Ho]]i7 gful/sx¿ !$*# hgf 5g\ . ^) jif{ k'u]sf / c;xfo ljwjfx¿ !$#) hgf 5g\ ;fy} o; lhNnfdf zf/Ll/s ?kaf6 ckfË, cGwf ^* hgf, n'nf, nË8f !$) hgf, alx/f !&) hgf, ;':tdgl:ylt ePsf &^ hgf, s[i7/f]uLx¿ !&# hgf 5g\ . ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd cGtu{t czSt, ckfË / c;xfox¿nfO{ s]xL ;'ljwfsf] Joj:yf ePsf] 5 . ;dfh sNof0f ljBdfg ;d:ofx¿ vf; c;xfo ljwjf 5'6\ofpg sl7gfO{ ePsf] sf/0f ^) jif{ gf3]sf ;a}

ljwjfx¿n] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff cGtu{t eQf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . h;n] ubf{ vf; ;xof]usf] cfjZostf ePsfx¿sf] pRr d"NofÍgsf] ?kdf lng ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

o; lhNnfdf ckfË c;xfox¿sf] ;+Vof w]/} ePklg ckfËx¿sf] lglDt vf]lnPsf ;+:yfx¿n] cfˆgf] 9+un] sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]sf 5g\ . ;j} ckfËx¿n] cj;/ kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

;fdflhs ;'/Iff cGtu{t /sd ljt/0f ug{ sf]6f -;+Vof_ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf]n] ;a}n] of] ;'ljwf kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

@=*=&= ;'/IffTds ;]jf l:ylto; lhNnfdf zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{sf] nflu lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, Pp6f Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no / 5 j6f k|x/L rf}sLx¿ 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf cfunfuL, af9L, emf8f kvfnf cflb h:tf b}jL k|sf]k tyf cGo ljklQsf] a]nf tTsfn ;xof]u tyf ;]jf k'¥ofpgsf] nflu Pp6f PDj'n]G; 5 . ;fy} o:tf] ;dodf ;]jf ug{sf] nflu Pp6f g]kfn /]8s|; ;f];fO6L lhNnf sfof{no, b'O{ j6f h'lgo/ /]8qm; 5g\ . nfOG; Snj, DofUbL h];L;, b /]o'sfO{ h:tf ;+:yfx¿ klg sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . ;'/IffTds ;]jfM ljBdfg ;d:ofx¿ xfn;Dd lhNnfdf Pp6f klg bdsn gePsf] . lhNnfdf /Qm ;+sng s]Gb| gePsf] . k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ /fxt pknAw u/fpg kof{Kt

/sd Joj:yf gePsf] .@=*=* dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfsf] l:yltDofUbL lhNnfsf] ;fIf/tf $#Ü 5 . h;dWo] k'?ifsf] %*Ü / dlxnfsf] @*=*Ü /x]sf] 5 . oxfFsf !(=@&Ü s]6Lx¿ / !%=^#Ü

90

s]6fx¿ slxNo} klg :s"n uPsf 5}gg\ . ljBfnosf] v'b ljBfyL{ egf{ b/ *@=$Ü dWo] s]6Lx¿ *)=^#Ü / s]6fx¿ *$=#&Ü /x]sf 5g\ . sIff Ps b]lv kfFr;Dd k'Ubf ljBfno kl/Tofu ug]{ jfnaflnsfsf] b/ @$=%Ü /x]sf] 5 . ljBfnodf (&& hgf lzIfs÷lzlIfsf dWo] dlxnf !^* hgf -!&=@)Ü_ / k'?if *)( hgf -*@=*!Ü_ /x]sf 5g\ . Pshgf dlxnf lzlIfsf a/fa/ !($ ljBfyL{ kb{5g\ . dlxnf / k'?if cg'kft x]bf{ k|f=lj=df #)=(@M!)), lg=df=lj=df @=*$M!)) / df=lj=df )=*&M!)) /x]sf] 5 . hDdf dlxnf lzlIfsf @@( -@)Ü_ hgf /x]sf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf dft[ d[To'b/ k|lt bzxhf/df $)) /x]sf] 5 .

lzIfs Joj:yfkgdf dlxnf ;xeflutf @% k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfleq ;/sf/L÷u}/ ;/sf/L If]qdf #&! hgf dlxnf sd{rf/Lx¿ 5g\ . dlxnfsf] /fhgLltdf ;xeflutf l:ylt x]bf j8f:t/df $@# hgf -@#=%Ü_, uf=lj=;=df Pshgf -!=@%Ü_ lh=lj=;= Pshgf -(=)(Ü_ 5g\ . k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:osf] nflu o; ;fndf ePsf] lgjf{rgdf o; lhNnfaf6 Ps hgf dlxnf pDd]bjf/ ljhoL x'g' ePsf] lyof] . tfnLd k|fKt :jf:Yo sdL{sf] ;xof]udf hGdsf] lzz' %*=(^ k|ltzt 5 . l66]g; 6f]S;fO6sf] @ dfqf lnPsf cfdf !@=%* k|ltzt 5 . Ps jif{ d'gL ;a} vf]k kfPsf lzz' ^^ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . @#% j6f jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf !% j6f dlxnf dfqsf] jg pkef]Qmf ;ldlt /x]sf 5g\ . jg pkef]Qmf ;d'xdf @$!^ hgf ;b:odWo] dlxnfx¿ %(^ hgf -@$=^^Ü_ /x]sf 5g\ .

o; lhNnfdf ljjfxsf] pd]/ cf};t @)=% jif{ 5 . 3/d'nLsf] ?kdf x]bf{ $%@^ -@#=@)Ü_ hgf dlxnf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf lk5l8Psf hfthflt tyf dlxnf pTyfgsf nflu ;fdflhs kl/rfng sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ s]xL lgsfox¿sf] ljj/0f lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ ^);fdflhs kl/rfng

l;=g+ lgsfo uf=lj=;=x¿

;d"x÷;ldlt ;+Vof

dlxnf ;+Vof

;d"xsf] s"n art

1 dlxnf ljsf; zfvf cy{'·], Hofd?ssf]6, /Tg]rf}/, elsDnL, l;+uf / k'nfrf}/

324 1,230 -16=00_

4,95,033.-14_

2 :yfgLo ljsf; sf]if Hofd?ssf]6, s'x'F, jfljofrf}/, 3tfg, /fv'eujtL / bf]jf

121 1,657 -23=00_

15,84,519.-45_

3 phf{ ljsf; sfo{qmd

cd{g, lrdvf]nf, ljd,

233 2351 -35=00_

8,31,957.-21_

91

n'nfª, d'gf, cf]v/jf]6 / d/fª

4 lbuf] ljsf; sfo{qmd

e"–tftf]kfgL, lzv, gf/Rofª, lx:tfg, bfgf, b/jfª, tfsd / d'bL

99 1,232 51Ü

1,28,170.-4_

5 lhNnf jg sfof{no $) j6} uf=lj=;=

235 754 -10=00_

5,72,507.-16_

hDdf 1012 7,536=00 -100=00_

35,29,615.-100_

;|f]tM lh=lj=;= DofUbLaf6 ;+slnt

dlxnfx¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf] nflu ;+rflnt tfnLd sfo{qmd tyf e|d0fx¿sf] ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5M–

tflnsf gDa/ ^!l;=g+ lgsfo ljleGg

tfnLdcWoog e|

d0fcgf}krfl/s

lzIff1 dlxnf ljsf; zfvf 1325 133 5502 :yfgLo ljsf; sf]if 459 114 NA

3 u|fdL0f phf{ ljsf; sfo{qmd

1020 48 NA

4 lbuf] ljsf; sfo{qmd 107 59 NA

5 lhNnf jg sfof{no 1466 4 NA

hDdf 5747 475 550;|f]t M lhNnf ljsf; sfof{no, DofUbL

cy{'Ë], Hofd?ssf]6, /Tg]rf}/, elsDnL, l;+uf, k'nfrf}/, s'x'F, jfljofrf}/, 3tfg, /fv'eujtL, bf]jf, cd{g, lrdvf]nf, ljd, n'nfª, d'gf, cf]v/jf]6, d/fª, e"–tftf]kfgL, lzv, gf/Rofª, lx:tfgd08nL, bfgf, b/jfª, tfsd / d'bL u/L @^ j6f uf=lj=;=df dlxnf ljsf; ;DjGwL ultljlw ;+rfng ePsf] 5 .

o; lhNnfsf !)!@ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf÷;ldltx¿df dlxnfx¿sf] ;xeflutf b]lvPsf] 5 .

oxfF ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf &%#^ dlxnf cfj4 ePsf 5g\ . Ps 3/ kl/jf/sf] Pshgfsf] k|ltlglwTj ePsf] x'g ;Sg] ;DefjgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf em08} #!Ü 3/w'/Lsf dlxnfx¿ ;+:yfut / cfly{s ultljlwdf ;+nUg 5g\ eGg ;lsG5 / k|lt dlxnf art ;/b/ ?=$^* x'g cfpF5 .

;fd'bflos ;+:yf÷;ldltdf cfj4 dlxnfx¿ dWo] em08} &^Ü n] s'g} g s'g} k|sf/sf] ;Lkd"ns tfnLd k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

dlxnf ljsf; zfvf DofUbLn] cy{'Ë], Hofd?ssf]6, /Tg]rf}/, elsDnL, l;+uf / k'nfrf}/df ;+rfng u/]sf] cfocfh{g sfo{qmddf #@$ ;d"x /x]sf 5g\ . logLx¿ hDdf !@#) hgf ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . :yfgLo ljsf; sf]ifaf6 Hofd?ssf]6, s'x'F, jfljofrf}/, 3tfg, /fv'eujtL / bf]jfdf ;+rflnt ufpF ljsf; sfo{s|ddf !@! ;d"x /x]sf

92

5g\ h;df !^%& hgf dlxnf ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . o:t} u|fdL0f phf{ ljsf; sfo{qmd cGtu{t cd{g, lrdvf]nf, ljd, n'nfª, d'gf, cf]v/jf]6 / d/fªdf @## ;d"xsf @#%! dlxnf ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . lbuf] ljsf; sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf e"–tftf]kfgL, lzv, gf/Rofª, lx:tfg, bfgf, b/jfª, tfsd / d'bLdf ;fdflhs kl/rfngsf nflu (( ;d"xdf !@#@ dlxnf ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . lhNnf jg sfof{noaf6 ;+rflnt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;ldltx¿ @#% -&%Ü_ hgf ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ / s"n !)!@ ;d"xdf &%#^ ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . dlxnf ljsf; ;d"xn] $,(%,)##.–, :yfgLo ljsf; sf]if !%,*$,%!(.–, u|fdL0f phf{ ljsf; sfo{qmdn] *,#!,(%&.–, lbuf] ljsf; sfo{qmdn] !,@*,!&).–, lhNnf jg sfof{non] %,&*,%)&.– u/L s"n ?= #%,@(,^!%.– art ePsf] 5 .

o; lhNnfdf ) b]lv ! jif{sf aRrfx¿ dWo] afns $(=^&Ü / aflnsf %)=##Ü 5g\ . To:t} ! b]lv % jif{sf afns $(=@#Ü / aflnsf %)=&&Ü 5g\ . ^ b]lv !% jif{ pd]/sf] hg;+Vof @%($@ dWo] afns $(=^*Ü / aflnsf %)=#@Ü 5g\ . afn >lds / cgfy afnaflnsf ;DaGwL cfFs8fx¿ pknAw x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . o; lhNnfsf] lhNnf n}ª\lus ljsf; l:ylt -GDI) dfgj ljsf; k|ltj]bg -HDR_ !((* cg';f/ )=@–)=# /x]sf] 5 .

dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfsf] ljsf;sf] If]qdf ljBdfg ;d:of / ;jfnx¿ k'?ifsf] t'ngfdf dlxnfsf] ;fIf/tf b/ sd /x]sf] 5 . dlxnfx¿n] /f]huf/Lsf] ;dfg cj;/ k|fKt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . k|fylds

txdf Ps hgf dlxnf lzlIfsf clgjfo{ ul/P klg ;f] cg';f/ k"lt{ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . xfn k|f=lj= @@=^!Ü dlxnf lzlIfsf 5g\ eg] lg=df=lj=df @=*$Ü / df=lj=df )=*&Ü dlxnf lzlIfsf sfo{/t 5g\ .

Ps jif{ d'lgsf afnaflnsfx¿ dWo] xfn;Dd la=;L=hL= -Ps k6s_ *$Ü, l8=kL=6L= -tLg k6s_ &)=*Ü, kf]lnof] -tLg k6s_ &)=#*Ü, bfb'/f vf]k -Ps k6s_ &)Ü afnaflnsfn] vf]k k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .

xfn;Dd lhNnfdf nf6f, alx/f tyf cGwf afnaflnsfx¿sf] k7gkf7gsf] nflu 5'§} ljBfno :yfkgf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

afn cgfyfno :yfkgf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lg0f{o lgwf{/0fdf dlxnfx¿sf] kx'Fr sd /x]s]f 5 .

dlxnf tyf afnsflnsfsf] ljsf;sf] If]qdf ;Defjgfx¿ lhNnfdf ljBfnox¿sf] l:ylt /fd|f] g} 5 . k|fylds

ljBfnox¿sf] ;~hfn /fd|f];Fu g} km}lnPsf] 5 . vf;u/L r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;+rfng / /fhg}lts k|lta4tfsf ;fy} ckgTjsf] efjgf ;[hgf ug{ ;s]df lzIff If]qdf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf 5 .

93

@=*=( pk]lIft, pTkLl8t, blnt tyf hghfltsf] l:ylto; lhNnfdf bdfO{, sfdL / ;fsL{ ;a} eGbf u/Lj hghfltsf] ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ . oxfFsf $) j6f uf=lj=;=x¿ dWo] n'nfË, u'hf{, d'bL, d'gf, s'Og]d+un], dNsjfª, d/fª, ?d, cf]v/af]6, elsDnL, bUgfd, /fDr], lg:sf]6 / cd{g u/L !$ j6f uf=lj=;=df clt u/LjL /x]sf 5\ . oxfF du/ hftLsf] afx'Notf /x]sf] 5 . pk]lIft, pTkLl8t, blnt tyf hghfltsf] l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ tflnsfdf lbOPsf] 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ ^@pk]lIft, plTkl8t, blnt / hghfltsf] l:ylt

l;=g+=

hflt÷hghflt

hg;+Vof k|ltzt

u/LjLsf] /]vfd'lg

/x]s]f hg;+Vof k|ltzt

;fIf/tf k|ltzt

! du/ $%=#) ^)=!Ü $*=#*Ü@ sfdL !!=!! &%Ü !)=**Ü# bdfO{ %=@! &*Ü #=(@Ü$ ;fsL{ @=** &(Ü @=!#Ü% 5GTofn @=&( ^@Ü #=$^Ü^ ysfnL !=#$ !%Ü !=^*Ü& u'?Ë =() ^#Ü )=&!Ü* g]jf/ #=#(Ü( cGo =@^ ^$Ü @=!@Ü

;|f]tM lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no, DofUbL

u/Lj tyf hghfltsf] pTyfgsf] nflu o; lhNnfdf ljleGg ;+:yfx¿ sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . oL ;+:yfx¿n] ;+rfng u/]sf sfo{qmdx¿ tflnsf ^# df lbOPsf] 5 . hfltut cfwf/df /f]huf/L, a]/f]huf/L / lgjf{lrt k|ltlglw ;+Vof pknAw x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o; lhNnfdf blnt ljBfyL{x¿ !#=!$Ü /x]sf 5g\ . hftLo cfwf/df 5fq5fqfx¿ lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf 5g\M–

tflnsf gDa/ ^#hftLo cfwf/df 5fq5fqfx¿

hflt÷hghflt s"n hg;+Vofsf] k|ltzt

5fq 5fqf

du/ 48=38 6653 5667

If]qL 15=98 2281 2342

a|fx\d0f 7=30 1019 1092

sfdL 10=88 1050 1081

bdfO{ 3=92 446 351

5GTofn 3=46 323 341

g]jf/ 2=39 585 578

94

;fsL{ 2=13 222 213

ysfnL 1=68 294 255

u'?ª 0=71 109 96

cGo 2=12 310 293

hDdf 100 13292 12313


tflnsf gDa/ ^$u/Lj tyf hghflt pTyfgsf nflu sfo{/t ;+:yf/ sfo{qmd

l;=g+

sfo{qmd ;

+rfng ug]{ ;+:yf

uf=lj=;= tyf a:tLsf] gfd

;+rflnt sfo{qmdx

¿

nfeflGjt

3/w'/L ;

+Vof

s}lkmot

! :yfgLo ljsf; sf]if

s'x'F, aflaofrf}/, eujtL, 3tfg, bf]jf, Hofd?ssf]6, lem+ / kfTn]v]t

;fdflhs kl/rfng / u/LjL lgjf/0f

@$@#

@ u|fdL0f phf{ ljsf; sfo{qmd

lrdvf]nf, cd{g, cf]v/af]6, n'nfª\, d'gf, ljd / d/fª

phf{ ljsf; / u/LjL lgjf/0f

&))

# lbuf] ljsf; sfo{qmd

d'bL, tfsd, b/jfª, lx:tfgd08nL, tftf]kfgL, bfgf / gf/Rofª

jftfa/0f ;+/If0f / u/LjL lgjf/0f

@$*^

$ jLpljhg k|aw{g sfo{qmd

cd{g, Hofd?ssf]6, aflaofrf}/, 3tfg, kfTn]v]t cflb .

jLp clej[l4 / cfo cfh{g

–

% hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu jg sfo{qmd

lhNnfe/ jg ;+/If0f / cfo cfh{g

!&$)*

^ NARMSAP hnfwf/ If]q hnfwf/ Joj:yfkg / cfo cfh{g

&!%

& cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]q

l;v / gf/Rofª aftfa/0f ;+/If0f / ko{6g k|

!@%)

95

cfof]hgf -ACAP_

aw{g

* INF b/jfª, ljd, d/fª, dNsjfª / b]jL:yfg

;fd'bflos :jf:Yo vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{

–


pk]lIft, pTkLl8t, blnt tyf hghfltsf ljBdfg ;d:of / ;jfnx¿ ;/sf/L tyf ljleGg u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿af6

k'¥ofOg] ;]jf, ;'ljwfx¿ nlIft ;d'bfo, hflt / :yfg;Dd k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g .

/f]hfuf/Lsf cj;/x¿df 6f7faf7f / kx'Frjfnfx¿sf] xfjL /x]sf] 5 . pk]lIft, pTkLl8t, blnt tyf hghfltx¿ cfly{s cj;/, ;fdflhs ;Ddfg /

/fhg}lts ;xeflutfsf ;fy} z}lIfs /f]huf/Lsf] If]qdf k5fl8 k/]sf 5g\ .

/fhgLltdf k|ltlglwTj ePklg pgLx¿sf] ;lqmotfdf cfFr k'¥ofOPsf] 5 .

pk]lIft, pTkLl8t, blnt tyf hghfltsf ;+efjgf tyf cj;/x¿ 5'jf5't k|yfsf] efjgf sd x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . lk5l8Psf ju{x¿sf] pTyfgsf] nflu /fhg}lts k|lta4tf ePsf]

kfOG5 .@=( jg tyf aftfa/0f Joj:yfkg l:ylt

@=(=! jg If]qsf] l:yltlhNnf jg sfof{noaf6 k|fKt tYofÍ cg';f/ DofUbL lhNnfsf] s"n e"–efusf] dWo] *$$%@ x]S6/ -#^=&^Ü_ e"–efu jgn] 9fs]sf] 5 . o; dWo] $($)=$ x]S6/ cyf{t %=( k|ltzt jg ;+/lIft jg / #%)$* x]S6/ cyf{t $!=% k|ltzt pTkfbs jg If]q /x]sf] 5 . s"n jg If]q dWo] ;/sf/L jg ^!%! x]S6/ / ;fd'bflos jg !(%@* x]S6/ 5 .

s"n jg If]qsf] !#=((Ü -pRr / dWo kxf8L_ e"–efudf sf]0fwf/L jg, $(=#!Ü efudf rf}8fkft] jg, #!=#&Ü efudf ldl>t jg / %=##Ü efudf emf8Lo'Qm jg /x]sf] 5 . h}ljs ljljwtfsf] wgL o; lhNnfdf lrnfpg], s6';, plQ;, 6'gL, lth', l;+b'/], v;'{, dNnftf], /fgL;Nnf, uf]a|];Nnf, l7+u|];Nnf, cf]v/, koF"+, u'/fF;, sfkmn, l;dn, l;l/;, afFem, afF;, lgufnf] cflb k|hfltsf ?vx¿ kfOG5g\ . o; lhNnfdf ;t'jf, kfFrcf}n], lg/d;L, of;f{u'Djf, l;lN6d'/, ljifh/f, af]emf], r'N7]÷cldnf], s6'sL, lznfhLt, lr/fOtf], ;t'jf, kbdrfn, h6fd;L u'b/ufgf] cflb h8La'6Lx¿ kfOG5g\ . oxfF afFb/, s:t'/L d[u, /t'jf d[u, emf/n, 3f]/n, lrt'jf, dn;fFk|f], b'D;L, a+b]n, :ofn, JjfF;f], Rofv'/f, 8fFkm], sflnh, n'Or], df]gfn cflb jGo hGt' tyf r/fr'?ËLx¿ kfOG5g\ .

96

@=(=@ jg ;+/If0f tyf h}ljs l:ylto; lhNnfsf gf/Rofª / lzv uf=lj=;= cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]q cfof]hgfsf] sfo{If]q leq / u'hf{ / n'nfª uf=lj=;=sf s]xL efu -!@^) x]S6/_ zfxL 9f]/kf6g lzsf/ cf/Ifsf] If]qleq kb{5g\ . o:t} lhNnf e/sf] jg ;+/If0f ug{sf] nflu @)#$ ;fndf tTsfnLg DofUbL jg l8lehg sfof{no -xfn lhNnf jg sfof{no_ sf] :yfkgf eof] . clxn] o; sfof{no cGtu{t * j6f /]Ghkf]i6 -tfsd, b/afª, afljofrf}/, d+unf3f6, 3tfg, a]u, kfvfkfgL / e"–tftf]kfgL_ 5g\ .

@=(=# jg pTkfbg tyf ;fd'bflos ;xeflutfo; lhNnfdf !(%@* x]S6/ jg ;fd'bflos jgsf] ?kdf :yfgLo pkef]Qmf ;d"xx¿nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . #%))) x]S6/ jg If]qnfO{ ;DefJo ;fd'bflos jg If]qsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . cf=j= )%^÷)%& ;Dddf jg If]qdf cfwfl/t @!^ j6f pkef]Qmf ;d"x u7g ePsf 5g\ . logLx¿ dWo] !&@ j6fn] ?=@$,(^,^!$ cfDbfgL u/]sf 5g\ .

xfn;Dd -cf=a= )%*÷%( ;Dddf_ ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xdf cfj4 x'g] u/L 3/ kl/jf/sf] ;+Vof !&*&) 5 / logLx?af6 !(%@$ x]= ;fd'bflos jg Joj:yfkgf x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . lhNnf jg sfof{noaf6 cfjZos tfnLd, uf]i7L, cWoog e|d0f sfo{qmd ;+rflnt 5g\ . xfn;Dd !&(#=^!# x]S6/ If]qdf a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ePsf] 5 . o; lhNnfaf6 jflif{s !$#^)) 3gdL6/ bfp/f tyf !)*^% 3g dL6/ sf7 cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg] cg'dfg 5 . xfnsf] jg Joj:yfkg k4lt tyf jgsf] l:ylt cg';f/ k|fs[lts jgx¿n] k|lt x]S6/ cf};t $+! 3gdL6/ bfp/f tyf )=#! 3g dL6/ sf7 pTkfbg lbg ;S5g\ . o; lhNnfdf oftfoftsf] sl7gfO{n] ubf{ 6f9f 6f9fsf jg If]qx¿af6 jg k}bfj/ lgsfnL 9'jfgL ug{ ufx|f] kg]{ x'Fbf glhssf tyf hg3gTj a9L ePsf :yfgx¿df dfq a9L rfk kg{ uO{ jgsf] x|f; ePsf] b]lvG5 .

o; lhNnfsf zx/L If]qdf vfgf ksfpgsf] nflu afof]Uof; tyf dl6\6t]nsf] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . Ps ;j]{If0f cg';f/ oxfF %&% kl/jf/n] jfof]Uof; tyf dl§t]n k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf u}/ sfg"gL ?kdf sf7 rf]/L lgsf;L b/ ;fd'bflos jgsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ Hofb} yf]/} 5 . sf7 lgsf;Laf6 )%^÷%& df ?=!^%,(!* /fhZj k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . kxf8L lhNnf ePsf]n] / ;fd'bflos jgsf] sf/0fn] l56k'm'6 ?kdf ahf/df bfp/f a]r] klg bfp/faf6} hLljsf]kfh{g ug]{ kl/jf/ k|fo Go"g /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] jg;Dkbf l:ylt tflnsf g+= ^% df lbOPsf] 5 .

97

tflnsf gDa/ ^%jg ;Dkbf

l;=g+

jgsf] lsl;d ef}uf]lns If]q

If]qkmn -x]=_

If]qkmn -

x]=df_If]qkmn

-df_s}lkmot

1 sf]0fwf/L pRr kxf8 dWo kxf8

10979836 11815 13=99

2 rf}8fkft] pRr kxf8dWo kxf8

1157230071 41643 49=31

3 ldl>t pRr kxf8 dWo kxf8

229093588 26497 31=37

4 emf8Lo'Qm jg

pRr kxf8 dWo kxf8 4497 4497 5=33

hDdf 84452 x]= 100

;|f]tM lhNnf jg sfof{no, DofUbL

DofUbL lhNnfsf] jg l:ylt / pkof]u l:ylt tk;Ln cg';f/ /x]sf] 5 M ;/b/ k|lt kl/jf/nfO{ #=$@ x]S6/ jg If]q k/]sf] b]lvG5 . sf]0fwf/L k|hfltx¿df vf]6];Nnf] (Pinus Roxburghii), uf]j|] ;Nnf] (Pinus

Wallichiana), l7u|] ;Nnf] (Abies Pindrow), nf]7 ;Nnf] (Taxus baccata), w'kL (Juniperus SSP) cflb kfOG5g\ .

rf}8fkft] k|hfltx¿df plQ; (Alnus Nepalensis), lrnfpg] (Schima Wallichi), 6'gL (Cedrela Toona), dx'jf (Engelhardtia Spicata), dNnftf] (Macaranga Pustulata), l;l/; (Albizia SP), s6'; (Castanopsis SPs), lth' (Diospyros Embroyopteris), kfFu|f]] (Ausculus Indica), u'/f+; (Rhododendron SPs, rfFk (Michelia SP), af+em (Quecus SP), l;dn (Bombex Ceiba), cf]v/ (Juglans Regia) cflb kfOG5g\ .

emf8Lo'Qm k|hfltx¿df r'qf] (Berberis Aristata), P}+;]n' (Rubus SPs), ljnfpg] (Maesa Chisia), wfO{/f] (Woodfordia Fruticosa), w';'{n (Colebrocia Oppositifolia) cflb kfOG5g\ .

tflnsf gDa/ ^^u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfaf/ tyf h8La'6L pTkfbg l:ylt

-kl/df0fM s]=hL=df_l;g+

k|hftL 50÷51 51÷52

52÷53

53÷54 54÷55 55÷56

56÷57

57÷58 hDdf

1 nf]stf Daphnesp

-u}=sf=_38260 3803

02965

033250 32310 2518

03562

020000 25230

0

2 cNnf] -k'jf_ Grardinia diversifolia -u}=sf=_

3750 5516 6856 4182=3

20304=3

3 ljifh/f Aconitum SP -h=j'=_

100 1620 300 320 1235 3575

98

4 cdnb]v -8f“7_ -h=j'=_

5750 3903 1450 50 2412 583 14148

5 sf/fh r'N7] -h=j'=_

2295 1800 770 2568 130 7563

6 s6'sL Picrorhizakuroa -h=a'=_

80 210 520 325 200 59 114 30 1538

7 uf]s"n w'k -u}=sf=_

115 800 76 991

8 clt; h/f -h=a'=_

58 75 10 308 80 531

9 lg/d;L -h=a'=_ 105 6 50 30 12 238 53 49410 ;tfj/L -h=j'=_ 10 1011 jf]emf] -

h=j'=_8 250 500 50 808

12 kbdrfn -h=j'=_

1550 220 400 300 2470

13 ;'uGwjfn -h=j'=_

206 32 30 5 149 104 526

14 ufdf8f]n -;fn ld>L_ -h=j'=_

171 45 80 275 571

15 b'lwofd;L -h=j'=_

850 850

16 lznfhLt -u}=sf=_

313 25 500 100 200 1236 2374

17 6f“sLkm"n h/f -h=j'=_

30 25 55

18 bfnlrgL af]qmf -u}=sf=_

700 1800 2500

19 ‰of“pm -h=j'=_

182 182

20 kf“u|f] u]8f -h=j'=_

5220 5220

21 lr/fOtf] -h=j'=_

66 598 664

22 h6fd;L -h=j'=_ 70 10 8023 d}g -u}=sf=_ 10 1024 OGb|of0fL -

ljof_ -h=j'=_ 15 15

25 ;t'jf -h=j'=_ Pais Plyphylla

16 16

26 ;f]dntf -h=j'=_ 86 1250 133627 cdnj]b -h=j'=_ 900 90028 w'kLsf] kft -

u}=sf=_ 1500 1500

29 s'l/nf] -h=j'=_ 1865 50 191530 kf“rcf}n]

Dactylothiza Hatagivea -h=j'=_

99

31 of;f{u'Djf Cordyceps Sinensis -h=j'=_

32 c+d[;f] Thysanolaena Maxima -u}=sf=_

33 cn}+rL Amomum Subulatum -u}=sf=_

34 nf]7 ;Nnf Taxus Baccata -u}=sf=_

hDdf 46757 42327

31255

44445 44202 41305

47418 25761=3


lhNnfsf] ljut * jif{sf] -cf=j= )%)÷%! b]lv cf=j= )%&÷%* ;Dd_ u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/x¿sf] lgsf;L l:ylt #,@#,$&)=# s]=hL= -;/b/ jflif{s $)=$## d]=6=_ ePsf] b]lvG5 . h;af6 /fh:j k|fKt x'g'sf ;fy} :yfgLo afl;GbfnfO{ /f]huf/L klg ePsf] 5 .

@( hftsf u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/x¿ lhNnfaf6 lgsf;L ePsf] b]lvG5 . h;df nf]stf / h8Lj'6Lsf] jfx'Notf /x]sf] 5 .

u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] lgsf;L l:yltnfO{ cf=j= )%)÷%! / cf=j= )%&÷%* ;fnnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL t'ngfTds ljZn]if0f ubf{ of] aLrsf] * jif{df $$=()Ü lgsf;L b/ 36]sf] b]lvG5 .

u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/x¿ dWo] nf]stf ;a}eGbf a9L @,%@,#)) s]=hL= / ;a}eGbf sd ;tfj/L / d}g !)÷!) s]hL lhNnfaf6 lgsf;L x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

hfkfgL d'b|f o]g agfpg k|of]u x'g] cu]{nLsf] 7"nf] kl/df0f -#))–$)) s]=hL= ;Dd_ gfuL ;fd'bflos jgaf6 hfkfg lgof{t x'G5 .

@!)) dL= b]lv #))) dL= ;Ddsf] prfOsf jgx¿df kfOg] nf]stf -j?jf_ o; lhNnfsf ljleGg @( uf=lj=;=x¿ u/L $$^@! x]= If]qkmndf kfOG5 . :yfgLo jfl;Gbfx¿n] nf]stf ;+sng u/L kj{t lhNnfsf] gf+nLjfª / kfªdf nuL 3/]n' tl/sfaf6 g]kfnL xft] sfuh u/fO{ ljlqm ug]{ ub{5g\ .

lhNnfdf NTFB sf] lgsf;L 36\b} uPsf] 5 . xfn;Dd &&)=)@& ls=dL= jgsf] l;dfÍg ul/Psf] 5 .h+unL kz'k+IfLo; lhNnfdf lgDg cg';f/sf h+unL kz' tyf k+IfLx¿ kfOG5g\M–

tflnsf gDa/ ^&lhNnfdf kfOg] h+unL kz' tyf k+IfLx¿

l;=g+=

h+unL kz' (Wild Animals) k+IfL (Pheasants)

1 lrt'jf (Panthera Pardus) 8f“km] (Lophophorus Imlejanus)

100

2 /t'jf (Muntiacus Muntijak) d'gfn (Tragopan Satyra)3 s:t'/L d[u (Moschus Moschiferus) sflnh (Lophura Leucomelana)4 3f]/n (Nemorhaedus Goral) n'O{r] (Gallus Gallus)5 gfp/ (Preudois Nayaur) sfu (Corvus Splendens)6 af“b/ (Macaca Mulata) sf8] Eofs'/ (Turdosip

Nepalensis)7 n+u'/] af“b/ (Presbytis entellus)8 lxp“ lrt'jf (Snow Panthera Pardus)


tflnsf gDa/ ^*/]Ghkf]i6 / To;n] cf]u6]sf] If]qkmn

l;=g+=

/]=kf]= d'sfd uf=lj=;= ;+Vof

If]qkmn -x]=_

1 e"?Ë–tftf]kfgL, tftf]kfgL 5 51132=752 j]u, eujtL 4 9389=413 kfvfkfgL, kfvfkfgL 5 32842=074 3tfg, un]Zj/ 5 4894=235 d+unf3f6, j]gL 5 4534=496 jfljofrf}/, jfljofrf}/ 4 8835=167 b/jfª, b/jfª 6 15047=28 tfsd, tfsd 6 73110=24

hDdf 199185=88;|f]tM lhNnf jg sfof{no, DofUbL

tflnsf gDa/ ^(j[Iff/f]k0fsf] l:ylt

l;=g+=

cf=j= If]qkmn -x]=_

l;=g+

cf=j= If]qkmn -x]=_

1 2035÷036 20 12 2046÷047 2=532 2036÷037 20 13 2047÷048 54=803 2037÷038 14 2048÷049 17=754 2038÷039 21 15 2049÷050 100=005 2039÷040 200 16 2050÷051 107=106 2040÷041 107=65 17 2051÷052 75=247 2041÷042 176=20 18 2052÷053 115=178 2042÷043 128=40 19 2053÷054 127=509 2043÷044 50=00 20 2054÷055 21=85

10 2044÷045 37=21 21 2055÷056 181=1411 2045÷046 50=00 22 2056÷057 96=765

23 2057÷058 83=37hDdf 1793=613 x]S^/


;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;DaGwL l:yltM–

101

df}h"bf ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] If]qkmn / % jif{ leq ;fd'bflos jgsf] ?kdf x:tfGt/0f x'g ;Sg] ;+DefJo kIfx¿ lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5gM–

tflnsf gDa/ &);fd'bflos jgsf] ljj/0f

l;=g+=

uf=lj=;=

s"n If]qkmn

-x]=_

jgn] cf]u6]

s]f If]qkm

n -x]=_

df}h'bf

If]qkmn -

x]=_

df}h'bf ;f=j=p=;

=

;+efJo ;f=j= ;d"x

s}lkmot

1 u'hf{ 28489 1387=9 5=85 3 12 n'nf· 12521 1510.4 1406=93 5 23 d'gf 2677 1425=1 927=75 4 14 d'bL 50156 2694=4 413=40 6 15 d/fª 1465 2311=5 574=54 4 36 tfsd 1781 2553=8 344=72 9 07 b]jL:yfg 3040 3002=2 1358=25 4 28 cf]v/jf]6 2961 1851=9 387=26 5 19 ?d 3812 2338=8 652=00 4 210 lg:sf]6 1891 1723=7 215=00 6 411 ljd 1607 1464=8 211=25 2 112 b/jfª 1891 1736=9 365=78 6 013 cd{g 2678 3096=3 771=01 6 314 jfljofrf}/ 859 1709=9 346=77 13 015 s'x'“ 2024 2132=9 448=52 5 216 j/+hf 3110 3047=8 453=97 6 417 kfvfkfgL 3954 2951=9 780=50 7 018 s'Og]d+

un]23516 2282=0 448=64 3 4

19 dNsjfª 3748 1622=2 393=25 2 120 bUgfd 1954 971.4 22=00 421 lrdvf]nf 5796 3666.8 187=50 1 322 l;+uf 819 1282.5 112=64 9 223 elsDnL 1670 1875.1 131=61 3 424 cy{'·] 512 1437.6 134=79 13 025 Hofd?

ssf]6969 1878.4 444=10 10 0

26 /Tg]rf}/ 639 1060.9 225=48 9 027 3tfg 1157 1626.4 321=33 9 128 kfTn]v]t 678 1345.2 278=57 4 029 lem+ 795 1482.9 130=00 2 030 k'nfrf}/ 1181 1324.9 233=42 16 031 /fv'lkKn] 1016 2424.1 361=13 5 032 /fv'eujtL 1095 2202.5 335=76 11 0

102

33 lx:tfgd08nL

2803 4341.5 1542=63 6 1

34 /fDr] 2867 3950.5 1195=68 7 135 j]uvf]nf 2559 1984.4 485=05 3 236 bfgf 5860 1727.7 1199=64 9 037 bf]jf 2582 1656.7 133=08 1 038 lzv 10231 4777.8 342=08 8 039 tftf]kfgL 1120 544.5 200=80 5 040 gf/Rof· 31437 1866.5 437=89 3 0

hDdf 229706 84452 18759=76

235 %);|f]tM lhNnf jg sfof{no, DofUbL

o; lhNnfdf !& j6f uf=lj=;=df k"0f{?kdf ;fd'bflos jgsf] ?kdf x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] / ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ;fd'bflos jg lx:tfgd08nL uf=lj=;=df /x]sf] 5 . h;sf] If]qkmn !%$@=^^ x]= 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ &!;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf hftLo k|ltlglwTj

l;=g+=

hft lhNnfdf k|ltlglwTj

jg pkef]Qmf ;l

dltdf k|ltlglwTj

s}lkmot

1 du/ 49=40 37=82 a|fx\d0f÷If]qL 23=76 43=53 sfdL÷bdfO{÷;f

sL{17=25 11=0

4 g]jf/÷ysfnL÷u'?ª

5=90 4=5

5 cGo 3=69 3=2;|f]tM lhNnf jg sfof{no, DofUbL

lhNnfdf hfltut ?kdf du/sf] afx'Notf eP klg jg p=;=df g]t[Tj txdf k'Ug ;s]sf] b]lvb}g .

blntsf] hg;+Vof lhNnfdf !&=@% 5 eg] j=p=;=df hDdf !! dfq k|ltlglwTj 5 .

tflnsf gDa/ &@;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] cfo÷Joo

cf=j= cfo ?= Joo df}Hbft sf]if

2056÷057 24,96,614. 16,36,788. 30,76,913.2057÷058 21,20,398. 14,37,873. 26,61,504.

hDdf 46,17,012. 30,74,661. 57,38,417.;|f]tM lhNnf jg sfof{no, DofUbL

;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] art ;fdflhs -lzIff, :jf:Yo cfo cfh{g_ If]qdf nufgL ePsf] 5 .

103

89]nf] / 5f8f ufO{j:t'kfngdf lgoGq0f ePsf] 5 . jg ;+/If0fdf ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 .

jg If]qsf ljBdfg ;d:of / ;jfnx¿ /fli6«o jg If]qdf jg cltqmd0fsf] ;d:of /x]sf] 5 . jg ck/fwL / t:s/LnfO{ s]xL Jojl:yt ;+/rgf lbg] ul/Psf] 5 . ;fd'bflos jg x:tfGt/0fdf ;Ldfgf ljjfb / pkef]Qmf klxrfgdf ;d:of

b]lvPsf] 5 . pkef]Qmfaf6 cfˆgf] ;fd'bflos jgIf]q afx]s cGo jg If]qaf6 rf]/L

ug]{ k|a[lQ /x]sf] 5 . 3fF; /fd|f] cfpF5 tyf v]t af/Ldf dn au]/ cfpF5 egL jgdf cfuf]

nufpg] k|a[lQ /x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o jg ;+/If0fsf] nflu xfn;Dd 7f]; sfo{qmd agL g;s]sf]

cj:yf 5 . xfn a9\b} uPsf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; h:t} ;8s, vfg]kfgL, l;

+rfO cflbsf] jgIf]q x'Fb} ;+rfng ubf{ jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg tof/L jf jg sfof{no;Fu ;dGjo gu/L sfof{Gjog x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

jg If]qsf ;Defjgf / cj;/x¿ ;fd'bflos jg x:tfGt/0f kl5 jgh+un ;+/If0fdf 6]jf k'u]sf] 5 .

pkef]Qmf cfkm}n] a[Iff/f]k0f ug]{, rf]/L lgsf;L /f]Sg] cflb sfo{n] jg x:tfGt/0f qmlds ?kdf x'g] ;+efjgf b]lvG5 . jg ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkgaf6 pkef]Qmfx¿n] k|fKt u/]sf] cfo / artaf6 cGo ;fd'bflos sfo{ ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf 5 .

lhNnfdf h8La'6L k|zf]wg, KnfOp8 / g]kfnL sfuh pBf]usf] ;+efJotf a9L b]lvG5 .

a}1flgs jg Joj:yfkg k4lt cg';f/ jg Joj:yfkg ug{ / jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ / h8La'6Lsf] dfWodaf6 ;f=j=p=n] cfDbfgL ug{ ;Sg] / pRr lxdfnL tyf kxf8L efudf /x]sf] ;/sf/L jg If]qsf] plrt ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / ;b'kof]u ug{ ;s]df /fhZj j[l4 / Go"g cfo ePsf hgtfsf] cfo cfh{g j[l4 ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 .

;fd'bflos jg tyf sj'lnotL jgdf jg ;DaGwL sfg"gn] lglb{i6 u/] adf]lhd pko'Qm k|hfltsf] j[Iff/f]k0f u/L s[lif jg k|0ffnL ckgfpg ;lsg] ;+efjgf 5 .

@=(=$ e"–;+/If0f ;DjGwL ljj/0fDofUbL lhNnfsf] ef}uf]lns l:ylt tyf e"–;+/If0f l:ylt lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5M– s/Lj (&Ü e"–efu sfnL u08sL gbLsf] hnfwf/leq kb{5 . afFsL #Ü efu pQ/ u+uf -e]/L gbL_ sf] hnfwf/leq kb{5 . sfnLu08sL hnfwf/sf d'Vo pkhnfwf/x¿ klZrddf DofUbL /

/3'u+uf / k"j{df 3f/vf]nf / ld:qL vf]nf kb{5g\ .

104

k[ys ?kdf x]bf{ DofUbLn] %%Ü sfnLu08sLn] #)Ü, /3'u+ufn] *=**Ü / cGo gbLx¿n] #=!@Ü hnfwf/ If]q cf]u6\b5g\ .

sfnL gbLdf ldl;g] d'Vo vf]nfx¿ 3f/vf]nf, ld:qLvf]nf, ?K;] vf]nf 3§]vf]nf / j]uvf]nf x'g\ .

DofUbL vf]nfsf ;xfos vf]nfx¿ ch]{vf]nf, b'Mv'vf]nf, cd{gvf]nf, vf]o/Lvf]nf, l:sdvf]nf, d/fªvf]nf, b/vf]nf, d'/LufpF ch]{vf]nf / sf]qjfªvf]nf x'g\ .

/3'u+ufsf d'Vo ;xfos vf]nfx¿ 7f/fvfgL, :ofgf]vf]nf, ju/vf]nf / 7"nf]vf]nf /x]sf 5g\ .

o; lhNnfsf] s"n e"–efusf] !@=($Ü s[lif If]qn] cfu6]sf] ePtfklg eL/fnf]kg juL{s/0f cg';f/ !^–#)Ü eL/fnf] hldgn] #=)^Ü dfq cf]u6]sf] b]lvG5 . t;y{ #!–^)Ü sf] eL/fnf] hldgdf ux|f ;'wf/ ug{ ;s] s[lif of]Uo hldg a9fO pTkfbg j[l4 ug{ ;lsG5 .

^)Ü eGbf a9L eL/fnf] hldg s/Lj ^!Ü b]lvP tfklg lxpF r§fgn] s/Lj #)Ü hldg 36\g] xF'+bf afFsL #)Ü hldgdf s[lif If]q ePdf ;+/If0fsf pkfo ckgfO v]tL ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

lhNnfsf] s"n e"–efusf] &)Ü hldgdf e"–Ifo -;fgf_ sf] ;d:of b]lvg] / s/Lj )=#)Ü hldgdf 7"nf e"–Ifosf] ;d:of b]lvg] ePsf]n] klx/f] pkrf/ tyf uN5L lgoGq0f h:tf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

oxfFsf] e"ldsf] Ifdtf cg';f/ jlu{s/0f ubf{ t];|f] -Class-III) n] !# k|ltzt rf}yf] -Calass IV_ n] @! k|ltzt / ;ftf} -Class VII_ n] #) k|ltzt e"–efu cf]u6]sf 5g\ . e"ldsf] eL/fnf]kg x]bf{ Slope Class II (3-13%)-0.07%, Class III(16-30%) - 3.06%, Class (31-60%)-35.92% , / class V (>60%) -60.95% /x]sf] 5 .

gbL lgoGq0f tyf e"–;+/If0f If]qdf ljBdfg ;d:of / ;jfnx¿ e"–Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df hldgsf] pkof]u gx'gfn] eL/fnf] hldgdf

v]tLkftL ugf{n] e"–Ifo a9\g' . hnfwf/ If]qdf jg km8fgL, clt rl/r/g, cJojl:yt e"–pkof]usf] sf/0f

hnfwf/Lo cj:yf lau|gfn] To;af6 lg:sg] vf]nf, gbLdf af9L cfO{ v]tLof]Uo hldg s6fg, k'/fg / 8'afgdf kg{' .

cJojl:yt ?kdf 8f]h/sf] k|of]u u/L ;8s lgdf{0f ul/g' . ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f / e"–;+/If0fsf] sfo{df afof]OlGhlgol/ª

k|ljlwsf] pkof]u sd x'g' . e"–;+/If0fdf :yfgLo sd vlr{nf k|ljlw ePklg To;af6 tTsfn nfe

gkfOg] ePsf]n] /fhgLlts If]q / u|fdL0f hgtf o;nfO{ gckgfO{ tf/hfnL g} dfu ug{ tkm{ s]lGb|t x'g' .

s]xL e"–;+/If0fsf pkfox¿ clt sd vlr{nf x'g] ePtfklg t'?Gt} k|ltkmn gkfOg] x'Fbf /fhgLlts If]qn] klg To;nfO{ k|fyldstf glbg' / u|fdL0f hg;d'bfo klg OR5's gx'g' .

105

gbL lgoGq0f tyf e"–;+/If0f If]qsf ;+efjgfx¿ lhNnfsf gbL tyf vf]nfx¿ vfg]kfgL, l;+rfO, hnljB't e"–agf]6

tyf ;8s ;+/If0fsf] b[li6n] dxTjk"0f{ ePsf] dx;'; x'g yfn]sf]n] gbL lgoGq0f tyf e"–;+/If0fsf] If]qdf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfof{nox¿, jg, e"–;+/If0f nufot u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3÷;+:yfn] o; If]qdf of]ubfg lbg] / :yfgLo gful/s ;dfhn] klg d2t k'¥ofpg ;Sg] k|z:t ;+efjgfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ .

pkhnfwf/ If]qsf] lj:t[t of]hgf th{'df / sfof{Gjog PsLs[t ?kdf ;+rfng u/L af9L klx/f], gbL s6fg lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

afof]OlGhlgol/Ë k|ljlw ckgfO{ lgdf{0ffwLg ;8saf6 df6f] s6fg /f]sL xl/t ;8sdf kl/0ft ug{ ;lsG5 .

e"–Ifo lgoGq0f tyf hnfwf/ If]q ;+/If0faf6 s[lif If]qsf] ljsf;sf] lgldQ yk ;xof]u k'Ug hfg] b]lvG5 .

hg;xeflutfd"ns sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]df zx/Ls/0f kl5 klg o;sf] nflu ;xof]u k'Ug]5 .

@=(=% u|fdL0f jftfa/0f tyf zx/L aftfa/0f l:ylto; lhNnfdf clwsf+z u|fdL0f Onfsf /x]sf] eP klg zx/L ?kdf a]gL ahf/ / s]xL Jofkfl/s s]Gb|x¿df 3gf a:tL eO{ kmf]xf]/ hDdf x'g] / o;sf] Joj:yfkg JolQmut ?kdf ug]{ k|rng /x]sf] 5 . u|fdL0f If]qdf Jojl:yt zf}rfno gxFbf v'nf 7fpFdf lbzf lk;fj ubf{ ufpFsf] aftfa/0fdf c;/ k/]sf] 5 . oxfF cf}Bf]lus If]q ljsf; gxF'bf o;n] ;d:of ;[hgf u/]sf] 5}g . kfgLsf] d'xfg ;+/If0f ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 . a]gL ahf/df aUg] sfnL u08sLdf 3gf a:tLsf] sf/0fn] s]xL k|b"if0f x'g uPsf] 5 . oxfF e"ldut hn -6\o"jj]n_ sf] k|of]u heP klg kfgLsf] d'xfgsf] k|of]u ul/g] x'Fbf logsf] ;+/If0f ug'{kg]{ h?/L b]lvG5 .

;d:of / r'gf}tLx¿ hgr]tgfsf] sdLn] ubf{ kmf]x/d}nf Pj+ k|b"if0fsf] ;d:of a9\g

yfn]sf] 5 . cJojl:yt lgdf{0f -;8s_ n] e"–Ifo / klx/f] uO{ v]fnf lsgf/sf

v]tx¿ s6fg ug]{ jf k'g]{ sfo{n] v]tLof]Uo hldg au/df kl/0ft x'g] qmd al9/x]sf] 5 .

;8s 5]p5fpdf hUuf cltqmd0f u/L a:tL a:g] u/]sf]n] ;f]sf] lgoGq0f k|efjsf/L 9+un] ug{'kg]{ ePsf] 5 .

;+efjgf / cj;/x¿ ;fd'bflos jgsf] sf/0fn] kxf8df xl/ofnL a9\b} uPsf]n] h}ljs

ljljwtfdf ;sf/fTds c;/ k/]sf] 5 . ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ cNksfnLg ?kdf jg ljgf;, af9Lklx/f], e"–Ifo

ePtfklg uf]j/UofF;, UofF; / d§Lt]nsf] k|of]u a9\b} uPsfn] bfp/f vkt sd e} bL3{sfnLg ?kdf jg tyf jftfj/0f ;+/If0fdf d2t k'Ug] ;+efjgf 5 .

106

kmf]x/d}nf kl/rfng tyf jftfj/0fLo ;/;kmfO / ;'wf/sf] lgldQ gu/f]Gd'v If]qdf ;r]ttf a9\g yfn]sf] 5 .

@=!) ;+:yfut ;|f]t tyf Ifdtf l:yltcfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfsf] nflu cfufdL % jif{;Dd k|fKt x'g ;Sg] ;|f]t cg'dfg ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . of]hgf ;kmn agfpg ah]6 l:yltn] 7"nf] e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 . o;}n] o; lhNnfdf ljut % jif{ -cf=j= )%#÷)%$ b]lv )%&÷%* ;Dd_ df k|fKt ePsf] ;|f]t / k|To]s jif{ a[l4 x'g] b/sf] cfwf/df cfufdL kfFrjif{ -cf=a= )%(÷^) b]lv )^#÷^$ ;Dd_ df >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 k|fKt x'g] cg'bfg, lh=lj=;= sf] cfGtl/s ;|f]t, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] nufgL l:ylt / lghL If]qaf6 ePsf] nufgLsf] ljZn]if0faf6 cfufdL jif{df k|fKt x'g] ;|f]tsf] k|If]k0f ug{ ;lsG5 . o; kl/R5]bdf log} If]qaf6 k|fKt x'g] ah]6sf] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] 5 .

@=!)=! lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] cfly{s ;|f]t tyf cfo DofUbL lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf ;/sf/L cg'bfg tkm{ cf=j= )%#÷%$ df ?=**,#@,^!!.– k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . cf=j= %$÷%% df !,^),(*,^!(.–, cf=j= )%%÷%^ df ?=!,*&,)&,$)).–, cf=j= )%^÷%& df ?=!,%*,)%,*!!.– / cf=j= )%&÷%* df ?=#%(@)&^^.– k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . To:t} ;+f;b ljsf; sf]ifaf6 cf=j= )%#÷%$ b]lv )%&÷%* ;Dd qmdzM ?=#,$!,$%).–, ?=#,^!,@%)–., %,^*,#$$.–, ?=(,!#,**).– / ?= (,$^,^*$.– k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . cfGtl/s ;|f]t tkm{ cf=j= )%#÷%$ df ?=$,)),&#!.–, )%$÷%% df ?=%,%&,$(^.–, )%%÷%^ df ?=^,(*,$$$.– / )%^÷%& df ?=(,&#,(#*.– k|fKt ePsf] b]lvG5 . cf=j= )%#÷%$ b]lv )%&÷%* ;Dd qmdzM !#=!&Ü, #(Ü, @%=@*Ü, #(=$$Ü / !(=!(Ü ePsf]df cf};t @@=^# Ü n] a[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 . cGo cfDbfgL tkm{ cf=j=)%$÷%% b]lv )%&÷%* ;Dd qmdzM ?=&$,%*,%#*.–, ?= (),#&,$*%.–, ?=!,##,^!,@*%.– / )%&÷%* df ?======= k|fKt ePsf] lyof] .

dfly n]lvP cg';f/ x]bf{ hDdf cf=j= )%#÷%$ df ?=(,(!,&!#.–, )%$÷%% df ?=@,%(,(&,!(*.–, )%%÷%^ df ?=@,(&,@$,%&).–, )%^÷%& df ?=#,%),*&,$#^.– / )%&÷)%* df ?===== k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . cf=a= )%#÷%$ b]lv )%&÷%* ;Dd cf};t jflif{s j[l4b/ qmdzM ^=@#Ü, !^@=)(Ü, !$=##Ü, !*Ü / ==== Ü a[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 . ljut % jif{df cf};t a[l4 $&Ü ePsf] b]lvG5 . of] a9L x'g'df cf=j= )%#.%$ / )%$.%% df Hofb} km/s a[l4n] eP klg cfufdL % jif{df jflif{s !%Ü n] a[l4 x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg ubf{ lh=lj=;=nfO{ cf=j=)%(÷^) df ?=$,)#,%)))), cf=j= )^)÷^! df ?=$,^$,)@,))).– )^!÷^@ df ?=%,##,^@,))).–, )^@÷)^# df ?=^,!#,^&,))).– / )^#÷^$ df ?

107

=&,)%,&@ xhf/ u/L ?=@&,@),%#,))).– k|fKt x'g] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

jflif{s ;/sf/L cg'bfgsf] l:ylt cf=j= lkR5] 36a9 /x]sf] kfOG5 . ljut kfFr jif{sf] jflif{s ah]6 cg'bfgsf] l:ylt ljZn]if0f

ubf{ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf )%#÷%$ df !=%Ü 36]sf] )%$÷%% df *@Ü a9]sf], )%%÷%^ df !^Ü a9]sf], )%^÷%& df !%Ü 36]sf] b]lvG5 .

kfFr jif{sf] ;/sf/L cg'bfg cf};tdf @)=#&Ü n] j[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 .

lh=lj=;=sf] cfGtl/s ;|f]tsf] oyfy{ cfo )%@÷%# sf] t'ngfdf )%#÷%$ df !#Ü 36]sf] b]lvG5 .

lh=lj=;= cfGtl/s ;|f]tdf cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf )%#÷%$ df cg'dfgsf] $(Ü oyfy{ cfo /x]sf] 5 eg] )%^÷%& df !))Ü a[l4 /fxbfgLsf] sf/0fn] ePsf] b]lvG5 .

/fxbfgL afx]s cGo cfGtl/s ;|f]t kl/rfngaf6 cfoj[l4 b]lvb}g . gub nfut ;xeflutf z"Go /x]sf] 5 . To:t} ;f+;b ljsf; sf]ifsf] /sd cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf cf=j= )

%#÷%$ df &=*Ü 36]sf], )%$÷%% df %=*Ü a9]sf], )%%÷%^ df $(Ü a9]sf] / )%^÷%& df ^)Ü a9]sf] 5 . cf};tdf @^=&%Ü n] a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

;f+;b ljsf; sf]ifsf] ljlgof]lht /sd rfn" cf=j=df vr{ geO{ kl5Nnf] jif{df vr{ x'g] qmd a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

;f+;b ljsf; sf]ifsf] /sd :yfgLo :t/af6 ;xeflutfTds of]hgf rqm :jLs[t u/L cfPsf of]hgfdf vr{ u/]df of]hgf th{'dfsf] k|efjsfl/tf j[l4 x'g] b]lvG5 .

låkIfLo ;xof]udf ;+rfng x'g] sfo{qmddf :yfgLo :t/af6 ;|f]t kl/rfng qmdzM a9\b} uPsf] 5 .

cf=j= )%$÷%% b]lv z'? ePsf] låkIfLo sfo{qmddf cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf cf=j= )%%÷%^ df @!=^Ü n] / )%^÷%& df $&=$*Ü n] a9]sf] 5 . cf};tdf #$=$&Ü n] a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

kfFr jif{sf] cf};t a[l4 x]bf{ ljsf; vr{ / ;fwf/0f vr{ qmdzM &%Ü / @%Ü /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

cf=j= )%@÷%# sf] t'ngfdf )%^÷%& df ljsf; vr{ !*Ü a9]sf] / k|zf;lgs vr{ !*Ü n] 36]sf] 5 .

108

lh=lj=;=sf] ah]6df >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] cg'bfg, bft[;+:yfsf] cg'bfg / cfGtl/s ;|f]t -cf=j=)%^÷%& df_ o; k|sf/ 5M–bft[;+:yfsf] ;xof]u ?= !#,#^!,@*%.– -$#Ü_>L % sf] ;/sf/sf] cg'bfg ?= !,^&,!(,^(!.–-%$Ü_cfGtl/s ;|f]t ?= (,&#,(#*.– -#Ü_

:yfgLo lgsfosf] ;|f]t kl/rfng ;DaGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= &# df lbOPsf] 5 .

109

tflnsf g+= 73:yfgLo lgsfosf] ;|f]t kl/rfng

l;=g+=

ljj/)f 052÷53 053÷54 054÷55 055÷56 056÷57 057÷58

-s_ ;/sf/L cg"bfg /sd jflif{s cg"bfg k^s] cg"bfg

8970800-

8832611-

16098619-

18707400-

15805811-

22166871

hDdf 8970800 8832611 16098619 18707400 15805811 22166871-v_ cfGtl/s ;|f]tsf] l:ylt

cg"dfgoyfy{ cfo

-461530

814000400731

734000557496

654000698444

910000973938

10200001160921

hDdf 461530 400731 557496 698444 973938 1160921-u_ j}b]lzs ;|f]t-#_ hg;xeflutf kl/rfng

gub nfut ;xeflutf>d nfut ;xeflutf

-776594

-344921

-1521294

-712897

-4032522

3895828

hDdf 776594 344921 1521294 712897 4032522 3895828-ª_ ;f+;b sf]if 370356 341450 361250 568344 913880 946684-r_ cGo cfDbfgL - - 7458538 9037485 13361285 8424038

s"n hDdf 10579280 9919713 25997198 29724570 35087436 36594342-%_ k|zf;lgs vr{ 3314632 3072112 6064730 9562312 11092482 10941215-h_ vr{ / nufgL

ljsf;df s"n nufgL k|ltztk|zf;lgs vr{ k|ltzt

6931

6931

7723

6832

6931

7129

-em_

jflif{s cg"bfg 19366279 11579673 17185589 24865344 25202899 18426006

-`_ hg;xeflutf 7963893 7551768 6632618 1312631 9967336 8801242hDdf nufgL / vr{ 27330172 19131441 23018207 26177975 35170235 27227248

-^_ k|zf;lgs vr{ 4045000 4875000 4875000 4875000-&_ ljsf;df nufgL k|ltzt

k|zf;lgs vr{ k|ltzt

8317

8218

8713

8020

111

tflnsf g+= 74a]?h" ;DaGwL ljj/)F

ljj/)f 053÷54 054÷55 055÷56 056÷57 057÷58lgoldt ug]{ s"n a]?h" /sd 5237418 3415114 4436042 6134456 1819266.8

1lgoldt ePsf] s"n a]?h" /sd 0 0 57275 6596 0c;"n ug]{ s"n a]?h" /sd 127563 3271231 165576 20708 93857.09km%[of}^ /sd 0 0 0 0 0xfn;Dd af+ls s"n a]?h" /sd 0 0 0 0 1913123.9

0hDdf 5364981 6686345 4658893 6161760 3826247.

8

@=!)=@= ufp“ ljsf; ;ldltsf cfly{s ;|f]t tyf cfoo; lhNnfdf ;a} uf=lj=;=df cf=j= )%$÷%% df cfGtl/s ;|f]t

kl/rfng gu0o dfqfdf eP klg hg;xeflutf ?=^^,#@,^!*.– a/fa/ / ;/sf/L cg'bfgaf6 ?= @ s/f]8 u/L hDdf ?= @ s/f]8 ^^ nfv #@ xhf/ ^ ;o !* cfDbfgL ePsf] b]lvG5 . k|To]s jif{ k|fKt x'g] uf=lj=;= cg'bfg /sdsf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ cf=j= )%#÷%$ b]lv cf=j= )%&÷%* ;Dd a[l4 ePsf] b]lv+b}g . cf=j= )%&÷%* df cfGtl/s ;|f]taf6 hg;xeflutf ;d]t u/L ?=@) nfv / ;/sf/L cg'bfgaf6 ?= @ s/]f8 k|fKt ePsf] b]lvG5 . of] qmdnfO{ x]bf{ cfufdL kfFr jif{df k|lt jif{ ?=@ s/f]8 @) nfvsf b/n] ?=!! s/f]8 cfDbfgL x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg ul/G5 . uf=lj=;=df cfpg] ;/sf/L cg'bfg /sd kl/rfng cl3Nnf] jif{sf]

t'ngfdf cf=a= )%#÷%$ df $)Ü 36]sf], )%$÷%% df $*Ü n] a9]sf], )%%÷%^ df $$Ü n] a9]sf], )%^÷%& df !=$Ü a9]sf] / cf};tdf !#=#%Ü n] a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

uf=lj=;=sf] hg;xeflutf cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf cf=a= )%#÷%$ df %Ü n] 36]sf], )%$÷%% df !@Ü n] a9]sf], )%%÷%^ df *)Ü n] 36]sf] / )%^÷%& df &(Ü n] a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

ptf/ r9fj ePklg !$)=%Ü n] a9]sf] b]lvG5 . cf}+iftdf uf=lj=;=sf] ljsf; vr{ *$Ü / k|zf;lgs vr{ !^Ü /x]sf]

b]lvG5 .

@=!)=# lhNnf:t/Lo ljifout sfof{nox¿sf] cfly{s ;|f]t l:ylt

o; lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/n] ljleGg lhNnf :t/Lo sfof{nox¿ h:t} vfg]kfgL, l;+rfO, ;8s, dlxnf ljsf;, pBf]u nufotsf sfof{nox¿ :yfkgf u/L lhNnf:t/Lo sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu jh]6 ljlgof]lht ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cf=j= )%#÷%$ b]lv )%&÷%* ;Ddsf] cjlwsf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ cf=a= )%#÷%$ df ljsf; tkm{ ?=#^,$),!(,$@$.– / ;fwf/0f tkm{ ?=$,^*,%(,@$#.– u/L hDdf ?=!),&*,&*,^^&.– ljlgof]hg ePsf] lyof] eg] cf=j= )%$÷%% df ?=!#,@$,&%,^($.–, cf=j= )%%÷%^ df ?=!@,*^,%(,$@#.–, cf=a= )%^÷%& df ?=!$,&),&^,%^).– / cf=j= )%&÷

112

%* df ?=@#,)!,)(,*#!.– ljlgof]hg ePsf] b]lvG5 . of] Ps} gf;sf] b/ gePklg cf};t ?kdf @@=$% k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . of] j[l4qmdnfO{ x]bf{ cfufdL % jif{df k|lt jif{ ?=!^=% k|ltztsf b/n] ?=@ c/j !# s/f]8 ## nfv #^ xhf/ k|fKt x'g ;Sg] k|If]k0f ug{ ;lsG5 . o; lhNnfdf ;a}eGbf a9L /sd :jf:Yo / lzIffsf sfo{qmddf lgsf;f ePsf] 5 eg] ;a}eGbf sd ejg / ;xsf/Ldf k|fKt ePsf] 5 . o; ;DaGWL lj:t[t ljj/0f tn lbOPsf] 5M– cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf cf=j= )%#÷%$ df !=)^Ü n] 36]sf] )%

$÷%% df @@=*Ü n] a9]sf] )%%÷%^ df @=*Ü n] 36]sf] )%^÷%& df !$=#! n] a9]sf] 5 .

kfFr jif{sf] cf}+ift ljlgof]hg *=#!Ü a9]sf] b]lvG5 . lgsf;f /sd tkm{ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf cf=a= )%#÷%$

df )=)@Ü n] a9]sf], )%$÷%% df !^=^)Ü n] a9]sf], )%%÷%^ df !=!*Ü n] 36]sf] / )%^÷%& df @$=$!Ü n] a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

cf}+iftdf lgsf;f &=*Ü n] a9]sf] b]lvG5 . vr{df -ljsf;±;fwf/0f_ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf cf=a= )%#÷%$

df )=)!Ü 36]sf], )%$÷%% df !@=^@Ü n] a9]sf] )%%÷%^ df !=^Ü n] 36]sf] / )%^÷%& df @)=$!Ü n] a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

cf};tdf vr{ &)=*%Ü n] a9]sf] b]lvG5 . ljlgof]hg lgsf;f / vr{sf] t'ngfTds cWoog ubf{ )%@÷%# df

ljlgof]hgsf] ($Ü lgsf;f eO ;f] sf] !))Ü vr{ ePsf] b]lvG5 . )%#÷%$ df (%Ü lgsf;f eO{ ((Ü vr{, )%$÷%% df ()Ü lgsf;f eO ;f] sf] (^Ü vr{ ePsf] )%%÷%^ df () lgsf;f eO ;f] sf] (^Ü vr{ ePsf] )%%÷%^ df (@Ü lgsf;f eO{ ;f] sf] (^Ü vr{ ePsf] )%^÷%& df (#Ü lgsf;f eO{ ((Ü vr{ ePsf] b]lvG5 .

cf};tdf ljlgof]hgsf] (*Ü lgsf;f eO{ ;f] sf] (*Ü vr{ ePsf] b]lvG5 .

ljifout sfof{nosf] % jif{sf] s"n vr{df ljsf; tkm{ cf=j= )%@÷%# df %@=!#Ü, )%#÷%$ df (*÷(!, )%$÷%% df ^%=!%Ü, )%%÷%^ df %#=#^Ü, )%^÷%& df %#=!#Ü vr{ ePsf] / cf};tdf %$=&#Ü vr{ ePsf] b]lvG5 .

k|ltJolQm ljsf; ah]6 vr{ ?= ^@* ePsf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= &%uf=lj=;=, lhlj; / laifout sfof{nosf] ljut % jif{sf] a]?h' / km5\of}6 l:yltM

l;=g+

cfly{s jif{ k]lZs /sd km5\of}6

/sdlgoldt

gePsf] a]?h' /sd

1 052÷53 26,17,894. 8,54,057. 17,63,837.2 053÷54 53,64,981. 53,64,981.3 054÷55 66,86,345. 66,86,345.4 055÷56 46,01,618. 57,275. 45,54,353.5 056÷57 61,55,164. 6,596. 61,48,568.

hDdf 25426002. 917928 24518084

113

k]ZsL /sdnfO{ lgoldt / km5\of}6 ug]{ sfo{nfO{ ;DalGwt sfof{non] uDeL/ ?kn] lng' kg]{ b]lvG5 .

k|To]s jif{ lgoldt ug]{ /sd a]?h'sf] b/ / kl/df0fdf a[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 .

a]?h' /sd ljut kfFr jif{df kfFr u'0ffn] a[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 .

114

tflnsf g+= &^laifout sfof{nosf ljlgof]hg, lgsf;f / vr{ l:ylt

ljsf; tkm{M

l;=g

ljifout lgsfo

2053÷54 2054÷55 2055÷56 2056÷57 2057÷58ljlgof]h

g lgsf;f vr{ ljlgof]hg lgsf;f vr{ ljlgof]hg lgsf;f vr{ ljlgof]h

g lgsf;f vr{ ljlgof]hg lgsf;f vr{1 lhlj;Mljsf; 2844300

02844300

02809180

029279000 29278096 25659179 29188832 29188832 27073793 31129966 31079788 3062478

8 33513000 32507828 32507828

2 lhl;+sfMljsf;

1150000 1141746 1141746 9966000 6170421 5955421 8688000 5715215 5676270 10840000 8544100 8544144 11350000 6017871 6017871

3dfn("éfa]gL b/jfé ;*s

2500000 2421923 2421923 1500000 1493162 1493162 2002281 1632141 1391129 3500000 1486540 1486540 4670000 3748807 3748807

4 lhlzsf 6871875 5546708 5546708 9934023 9601436 9442916 1005500 971736 920595 2110225 1952459 1952459 4680290 4217238 4217238

5 dfWoflds=lz= lj=O= 1170460 1120851 1120851 0 0 0 1343500 980770 980770 1259800 976715 976715 1122110 971288 971288

6 lh:jfsf 2458958 2161287 2161287 1993061 1483535 1004535 2146299 1779807 1779807 3203467 2777883 2777883 2323390 1525314 1525314

7 cfo'j]{b 340000 339521 339521 111500 87966 87966 10000 10000 10000 18000 17982 17982 0 0 08 dljzf 1264000 1077795 1077795 827100 708121 708121 1307313 1279043 1279043 1358100 1358100 1358100 2376885 2376885 23768859 #/]n" 1357000 1098665 1098665 1745000 1487973 1487973 2074000 2004566 2004566 1295000 1119782 1119782 1386500 1342079 134207910 lhjsf 3474784 3181188 3181188 5612088 3831836 3831836 5504561 4763415 4703419 5491100 5367290 5367290 6580037 6580037 658003711 lhe';sf 1603785 1502343 1502343 1299498 1224460 1224460 1033600 830511 830511 1163000 1032564 1032564 1640135 1640135 164013512 lhs[ljsf 2955408 2694583 2694583 2819676 2652860 2652860 4395000 3884086 3879374 6129100 5526060 5526060 7448250 7281523 728052313 lhvfsf 8168756 7729896 7729896 9130000 8845496 8845496 8110000 7567991 7567991 8829000 8715889 8715889 9663920 9663920 966292014 lh;sf 7900 7890 7890 7900 7900 7900 8400 8400 8400 4200 4200 4200 0 0 0

15 lhk;]sf 2253498 2221494 2221494 2452179 2372400 2372400 2588000 2427162 2427162 3420000 3059512 3059512 4372000 4230048 4230048

16 cfzljsf 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 398500 391802 391802

18 a]gL glj; 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50000 49979 49979 0 0 0

hDdf 64019424

60688890 60337690

76677025 69245662 64774225 69405286 63043675 60532830 79800958 73068843 72613887

91525017 82494775 82492775

115

tflnsf g+= &&laifout sfof{nosf] ljlgof]hg, lgsf;f / vr{ l:yltM

;fwf/)f tkm{M

l;=g ljifout lgsfo2053÷54 2054÷55 2055÷56 2056÷57 2057÷58

ljlgof]hg lgsf;f vr{ ljlgof]hg lgsf;f vr{ ljlgof]hg lgsf;f vr{ ljlgof]

hg lgsf;f vr{ ljlgof]hg lgsf;f vr{

1 lhlj;M 1602200 1602039 1602039 2337859 2350095 2350095 2445328 2445267 445267 3217530 3217530 3217530 3412938 3412938 3412938

2 lhl;+sfM 820212 694698 694698 896349 726760 726760 1024000 789660 789660 1056000 842265 842265 1267971 1267971 1267971

3 dfn("éfa]gL b/jfé ;*s

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19919 19913 19913 0 0 0

4 lhlzsfM 33394700 32159671 32152871 41800000 38366110

38346110

44074045 41579331 41564690 49930211

48343194 48343194

73910264

73910264 73910264

5 dflzljkM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 317313 317313 317313

6 lh:jfsfM 6884586 6585068 6585068 9351238 7858287 7858287 9734934 8814639 8814639 10900650

9522343 9522303 13459443 13459443 13459443

7 cfo"j]bM 281737 250886 250886 379378 304893 304893 589122 475732 475732 652174 652174 652174 704456 704456 704456

8 dljzfM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

9 #/]n"M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 lhjsfM 0 0 0 3200 3200 3200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

11 lhe';sfM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

12 lhs[ljsfM 0 0 0 89189 89189 89189 0 0 0 107618 107618 107618 0 0 0

13 lhNnf ;xsf/L sf 346300 330583 330563 514294 497571 497571 526332 490639 92532 375500 372033 372033 956037 956037 956037

14 lhvfsfM 0 0 0 13885 13885 13885 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

15 cfzljsfM 529508 459289 457289 430000 379437 379437 860376 776369 776369 963300 924970 924970 958422 958422 958422

16 a]gL glj;M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50000 49979 49979 0 0 0

hDdf 43859243 42082234 42073414 55815392 50589427

50569427

59254137 55371637 52958889 67272902

64052019 64051979 94986844 94986844 94986844

116

tflnsf g+ &*ljlgof]hg, lgsf;f / vr{ ljZn]if0f

l;g cfly{s jif{ ljlgof]hg lgsf;f vr{ljsf; ;fwf/)f hDdf ljsf; ;fwf/)f hDdf ljsf; ;fwf/)f hDdf

1 052÷53 58868145 50163062 109031207 53759667 49008101 102767768 53759667 49008101 1027677682 053÷54 64019424 43859243 107878667 60688890 42082234 102771124 60337690 42073414 1024111043 054÷55 76677025 55798669 132475694 69245662 50589427 119835089 64774225 50569427 1153436524 055÷56 69405286 59254137 128659423 63043675 55371637 118415312 60532830 52958889 1134917195 056÷57 79800958 67272902 147073860 73068843 64052019 137120862 72613887 64051979 1366658666 057÷58 91525017 94986844 186511861 82494775 94986844 177481619 82494775 94986844 177481619

117

@=!)=$ s]Gb|Lo:t/ ljifout sfo{qmd / cfof]hgfdf nufgL l:yltDofUbL lhNnfdf s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ DofUbLvf]nf k'n, sfnLu08sL k'n, afUn'ª–a]gL–hf]d;f]d ;8s, ljB't tyf 6]lnkmf]g cflb sfo{qmdsf] nflu s]Gb|Lo:t/af6 nufgL ePsf] 5 . cf=j= )%(÷^) b]lv )^#÷^$ ;Dddf k|ltjif{ ?=% s/f]8sf b/n] ?= @% s/f]8 /sd k|fKt x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

@=!)=% u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf÷cGt/f{li6«o ;+3÷;+:yfx¿n] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmddf u/]sf] nufgL l:yltb]zdf ax'bnLo Joj:yf kZrft of] lhNnfsf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ ;[hgf ug{ Pj+ hgtfsf] :jf:Yo l:ylt tyf hLjg:t/ a[l4 ug{ u}=;=;=cGt/fli6«o ;+3÷;+:yf ljz]if k|of; u/]sf 5g\ . o; lhNnfdf cf=j= )%^.%& ;Dd btf{ ePsf u}=;=;= !^! j6f /x]sf] / ## ;lqmo /x]sf 5g\ . oL ;+:yfx¿n] cf=j= )%&÷%* df ?= @&,(),(*(.– vr{ u/]sf] b]lvG5 . oL ;+:yfx¿sf] sfo{qmd tyf nufgL l:ylt ljZn]if0f ubf{ logLx? dWo] ;a}eGbf a9L nufgL ug]{ ;+:yf u|fdL0f jftfa/0f ;zQmLs/0f s]Gb| -REEC_ lyof] . h;sf] cf=j= )%&÷%* df nufgL ?=&,(!,)#).– lyof] . xfn;Ddsf] l:yltnfO{ cfwf/dfgL k|ltjif{ ?= !) nfvsf b/n] cfufdL % jif{df ?= %) nfv kl/rfng x'g;Sg] l:ylt b]lvG5 . lj:t[t ljj/0f tflnsf g+= &* df lbOPsf] 5 .

@=!)=^ ;+:yfut l:ylto; lhNnfdf lgDg cg';f/sf ;/sf/L sfo{fnox¿ /x]sf 5g\ .

tflnsf g+ 79;/sf/L sfo{fno tyf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf

l;=g+=

sfof{no tyf ;+:yf l;=g+=

sfof{no tyf ;+:yf

1 lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt -SCDP, REDP, LDF u/Lj;Fu ljZj]Zj/ ;d]t_

2 lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no

3 lhNnf cbfnt 4 lhNnf ;/sf/L jsLn sfo{fno

5 lhNnf l;+rfO sfof{no 6 dfn9'+uf a]gL b/afª ;8s cfof]hgf

7 lhNnf lzIff sfof{no 8 dfWolds lzIff ljsf; kl/of]hgf

9 lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no -c:ktfn, :jf:Yo s]Gb| ;d]t_

10 cfo"j]{b cf}ifwfno #11 dlxnf ljsf; zfvf -dlxnf 12 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u

118

hfu[lt tyf cfocfh{g ;d]t_ ljsf; ;ldlt13 lhNnf jg sfo{fno 14 lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no15 lhNnf vfg]kfgL sfof{no 16 lhNnf ;xsf/L sfof{no17 lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no 18 a]gL g=lj=;=19 sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGq0f

sfof{no20 lhNnf sf/fu/ zfvf

21 /fli6«o cg';Gwfg sfof{no 22 lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no23 zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf u0f -

sflnk|;fb u0f -O{=_24 dfnkf]t sfof{no

25 gfkL sfof{no 26 lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no27 g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 28 s[lif ljsf; a}+s @29 /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s 30 ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; cfof]hgf

@31 uf=lj=;= $) 32 g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f33 g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg 34 pBf]u afl0fHo ;+335 u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ -BYC, INF

DCRDC, WD, lxdfno ;+/If0f -IHC_, ACAP)

of] lhNnfsf] ljsf;df ;/sf/L sfof{nox¿sf] cltl/Qm u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ ;d]t sfo{/t 5g\ . o; lhNnfsf $) j6f uf=lj=;= dWo] Pp6f j6f uf=lj=;= df $ j6f sfo{qmd * j6f uf=lj=;= df #÷# j6f sfo{qmd, !* j6f uf=lj=;=df @÷@ j6f sfo{qmd / !! j6f uf=lj=;=df Pp6f sfo{qmd ;+rfngdf 5g\ . ?d / u'hf{ uf=lj=;=df s'g} klg u}/ ;/s/L ;+:yfn] sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]sf 5}gg\ .

tflnsf g+= *)uf=lj=;= / ;+rflnt sfo{qmd

S.No. VDC Program Project Num.

1 Gurja – 02 Lulang REDP 13 Mudhi SCDP 14 Muna REDP 15 Takam SCDP/BYC 26 Devisthan BYC/INF 27 Okharbot INF/REDP 28 Room – 09 Niskot BYC/INF 210 Arman BYC/REDP 211 Darbang BYC/SCDP 212 Bima BYC/INF/REDP 313 Marang INF/BYC/REDP 314 Malkabang INF 1

119

15 Kuine BYC 116 Chimkhola REDP/BYC/ d= hfu[lt 317 Dagnam BYC/ d= hfu[lt 218 Pakhapani BYC/REEC/ d= hfu[lt 319 Kuhun VDP 120 Babiyachaur BYC/VDP 221 Baranja BYC 122 Bhakimli BYC/DCRDC/WD 323 Jyamrukkot WD/BYC/DCRDC 324 Ratnechaur BYC/WD 225 Arthunge WD/DCRDC/BYC 326 Pulachaur WD/BYC 227 Ghatan BYC/VDP 228 Patlikhet BYC/VDP 229 Jhin BYC/VDP 230 Dagnam BYC/ d= hfu[lt 231 Begkhola BYC/ d= hfu[lt 232 Piple BYC/DCRDC/ d= hfu[lt ÷

u/Lj;Fu ljZj]]Zj/4

33 Bhagawati BYC/VDP 234 Ramche lxdfno ;+/If0f (IHC) 135 Histan SCDP/IHC 236 Shikha ACAP/IHC/ d= hfu[lt 337 Dova VDP 138 Bhurung Tatopani SCDP 139 Dana SCDP 140 Narchang ACAP/SCDP 2

2 VDC = 0, 11 VDC = 1, 18 VDC = 2, 8 VDC = 3, 1 VDC = 4

@=!)=& sfof{Gjog ul/Psf sfo{qmddf kl/rflnt ePsf] hg;xeflutf l:ylt:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g / ;f] ;DaGwL lgodfjnL, ;DjlGwt sfof{no, ;+:yfx¿sf] gLlt, lgb]{zg, u}=;=;=x¿sf] gLlt ;a} If]qdf ;Lldt ;|f]taf6 :yfgLo >d, gub, j:t'ut ;xof]u h'6fO{ ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df oy]i6 ;xof]u eO/x]sf] 5 . t/ ;Dk"0f{ of]hgf tyf sfo{qmddf hg;eflutfaf6 ePsf sfo{sf] df}lb|s ?kdf clen]v /fVg] u/]sf] sd} kfOG5 . t}klg lhlj;sf] cfˆgf] ;|f]t lbbf, ;+f;b sf]ifaf6, lhNnf l:yt ;/sf/L sfof{nox¿af6, pkef]Qmf ;ldlt dfkm{t ubf{, u}=;=;=x¿af6 sfo{qmd ;+rfng ubf{ ;fdfg pknAw u/fO{ >d ;DaGwL sfo{ :yfgLo pkef]Qmfx¿af6 ug{'kg]{ x'gfn] s/Lj @) k|ltzt sfo{df hg;xeflutf kl/rfng ul/Psf] b]lvG5 . lhNnfdf k|fKt x'g] ;Dk"0f{ ljsf; vr{ ah]6 ?= ?=^,$&,&$,))).– df s/Lj @)Ü hg;xeflutf x]bf{ cf=j= )%$÷%% df ?= !,@(,%$,)))–., )%%÷%^ df ?=!,@!,)^,))).–, )%^÷%& df ?=!,$%,@@,))).– / )

120

%&÷%* df ?= !,^(,@(,))).– a/fa/sf] hg;xeflutf ePsf] lyof] . cfufdL % jif{df k|lt jif{ ?=! s/f]8 %) nfvsf b/n] ?= & s/f]8 %) nfv a/fa/sf] hg;xeflutf kl/rfng x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

@=!)=* cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ ;[hgf ug]{ sfo{df lghL If]qn] nufgL u/]sf] /sd l:ylto; lhNnfdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ h:t} ;8s, vfg]kfgL, d7dlGb/, ko{6g ljsf; lgdf{0f ug{sf] nflu tyf cGo If]qdf ;d]t lghL If]qaf6 nufgL ul/Psf] t/ Py]i6 tYofÍ k|fKt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] lgdf{0f, ;+rfng tyf x:tfGt/0f (Build, Operate and Transfer) ug]{ gLlt cg';f/ oxfFsf] hnljB't ljsf; ug{, ko{6gsf] k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug{, pBf]u tyf Jofkf/df bIf hgzlQm lgdf{0f ug{sf] nflu cfufdL % jif{df ?=!) s/f]8 lghL If]qaf6 nufgL x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

@=!)=( ;|f]t pkof]u l:ylto; lhNnfdf k|fKt ePsf] ah]6 ;dodf ;xL sfo{df vr{ ug{ ;lsof] eg] lnOPsf] nIo, p2]Zo cg';f/ k|ult xf+l;n ug{ ;lsG5 . vr{ ug]{ Ifdtf sd ePdf ;|f]t ;fwg cgfjZos ?kdf lk|mh eO{ cg'Tkfbs eO{ ylGsG5 / cfly{s pknlAw x'g sl7g kb{5 . o; lhNnfdf ut % jif{df k|fKt cfDbfgL dWo] vr{ ePsf] ljj/0f cg';"rLdf lbOPsf] 5 . pQm tflnsf cg';f/ lh=lj=;= sf] cf=j= )%#.%$ df s"n cfDbfgL ?=(( nfv !( xhf/ &!# dWo] zt k|ltzt /sd vr{ ePsf] lyof] . cf=j= )%^.%& df s"n cfDbfgL ?=#,%),*&,$#^.– klg zt k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] lyof] . ;/sf/L sfo{fnox¿ tkm{ x]bf{ cf=j= )%#÷%$ df lgsf;f ?=!),@&,&!,!@$.– dWo] vr{ ePsf] ?=!),@$,!!,!)$.– cyf{t lgsf;fsf] ((=^$ k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] b]lvG5 .

@=!)=!) :yfgLo hgzlQm tyf k|fljlws Ifdtf ljZn]if0fo; cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf ;xL ?kdf sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu lhNnfsf] hgzlQm Ifdtfn] d'Vo e"ldsf lgjf{x ub{5 . o; lhNnfdf cfufdL % jif{sf] hgzlQmsf] k|If]k0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

tflnsf g+ 81hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f

l;=g+=

sfof{nosf] gfd

tx/

f=k=k|=

/f=k=lå=

/f=k=t[

/f=k=c= k|=

/f=k=c= lå=

/f=k=c=t[=

/f=k=c=r=

lgDg :t

/hDdf

! lhNnf cbfnt@ lhNnf k|zf;g

sfof{no– ! !

# lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt – ! ^ $ *( @ – !) !!^

121

$ lhNnf jg sfof{no

– – ! !) @ !! @# #^ *#

% lhNnf e"–;+/If0f sfof{no

– – ! % ! – – # !)

^ lhNnf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; ;ldlt

– – ! % $ – – @ !@

& lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

*=

lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no

– @ $ !) !^ – – !% $&

(= lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no

– – @ % !^ – – – @#

!) lhNnf ;xsf/L sfof{no

– – – ! $ ! – @ *

!! s[lif ;fdfu|L ;+:yfg

– – – ! @ – – @ %

!@

s[lif ljsf; a}+s – ! # !@ ! @ – # @@

!# lhNnf vfg]kfgL sfof{no

– ! $ @

!$ lhNnf l;+rfO sfof{no

– – ! $ @ ! – % !#

!%

lhNnf cfjf; tyf zx/L ljsf; sfof{no

– – ! ! # ! – # (

!^ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg

!

!& tftf]kfgL ;fgf hnljB't sfof{no

!

!* lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no

– ! * @* %* ^* ^@

!( lhNnf lzIff sfof{no

– ! & * $ # – $ @&

@)

dlxnf ljsf; zfvf – – ! ! % ! – ! (

@!

sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGq0f sfof{no

– – ! $ # ! – # !@

@@

lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no

!

@#

lhNnf dfnkf]t sfof{No

– – ! # !! ! ! & @$

122

@$

/fli6«o cg';Gwfg sfof{no

– – ! ! @

@%

g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8

!

@^

lhNnf v]ns"b ljsf; sfof{no

! !

@&

sf/fuf/ zfvf

@*

lhNnf cfo'j]{b – – ! ! # – – @ &

@(

lhNnf ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{no

– – ! ! ! ! – @ ^

#) gfkL zfvf – – – ! # # – ! *#! g]kfn vfB ;

+:yfg zfvf sfof{no

!

#@

hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgf lnld6]8

!

##

SofDk; ! ( !

hDdf

o; lhNnfdf s"n b/jGbL k|fljlws tkm{ !)) hgf ePsf]df % l/Qm /x]sf] 5 . oxfF b/jGbL eP klg kbk"lt{ gx'g], kbk"lt{ ePklg lhNnfdf /x]/ k"0f{ ?kdf sfd gu/L lbg] ;d:of Psftkm{ 5 eg] s/Lj !) uf=lj=;=df ;lrj kb vfnL /x]sf] 5 . uf=lj=;=sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] cefj /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

@=!)=!! of]hgf th{'df tyf sfof{Gjog Ifdtf ljZn]if0fo; lhNnfdf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x¿ ug{sf] nflu of]hgf th{'df ubf{ sfo{qmd tyf of]hgf th{'df ug]{ ;+:yfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ th{'df x'g] u/]sf] 5 . >L % sf] ;/sf/sf s]Gb|Lo of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿sf] th{'df ubf{ klxnf ;DjlGwt lhNnfaf6 of]hgf dfu eP/ -lh=lj=;=, uf=lj=;=, ;f+;b, kxF'+rjfnf jf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿n]_ ;DjlGwt sfo{qmd÷ljefudf hfG5 . ToxfFaf6 lj:t[t ;e]{If0f u/]/ pko'Qm b]lvPdf sfo{qmdn] ;e]{If0f / of]hgf k|:tfj ;lxt ;DjlGwt ljefudf k7fpF5 . ljefun] of]hgfx¿df kf/]/ ;DjlGwt dGqfnodf k7fpF5 . ;DjlGwt dGqfnon] :jLs[t u/L /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]udf k7fpF5 . /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf] ;DjlGwt If]q x]g]{ dxfzfvfn] :jLs[t u/L cfufdL jif{sf] sfo{qmddf ;dfj]z u5{ / ;f] cg';f/sf] jh]6 cy{ dGqfnoaf6 ;d]t :jLs[t u/L k7fpF5 .

123

s]Gb|Lo:t/sf of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿ >L % sf] ;/sf/n] of]hgf th{'df ug]{ k|s[of cg';f/ g} o; lhNnfdf klg of]hgf th{'df ul/G5 .

lhNnf :t/Lo of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd th{'df ubf{ :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% df pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] ;xeflutfTds of]hgf th'{df k|s[of cg'?k of]hgf th{'df ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . ljifout ?kdf of]hgf th{'df ug{ o; lhNnfdf ljleGg ljifo ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 . oL ;ldltx¿n] Onfsf :t/Lo of]hgf th{'df uf]i7L ;+rfng ug]{ / ToxfFaf6 Onfsf:t/Lo of]hgf ;+sng ug]{, 5nkmn ug]{, ;DjlGwt ;ldltdf 5nkmn u/L clGtd 5gf}6sf] nflu Plss[t of]hgf th{'df ;ldltdf k]z ul/G5 . o;af6 clGtd 5gf}6 ePsf of]hgfx¿ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] a}7sdf k]z u/L kfl/t u/L lhNnf kl/ifb\df k]z ul/G5 . lhNnf kl/ifb\af6 kfl/t ePkl5 tL of]hgfx¿ sfof{Gjog ug{ k7fOG5 . o; lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf ;"rgf s]Gb| :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5, lhNnfsf ;"rgfx¿ cBfjlws /fVgsf] nflu sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ tfnLd lbOPsf] 5 . o; lh=lj=;= dftxtdf * sDKo'6/ k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ lj:t[t tYofÍsf] cefjdf / cfjlws of]hgf gePsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ lj:t[t cWoog ;e]{If0f, ljQLo, k|fljlws ljZn]if0f gu/]sf s]xL of]hgf ;d]t th{'df ug{'kg]{ jfWotf ePklg dfly pNn]v u/]cg';f/ ;DefJotf cWoog ug]{ kl/kf6L /x]sf] 5 . of]hgf cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg ug{ ;d]t ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfaf6 ;+rflnt sfo{qmd klg lh=lj=;=af6} :jLs[t u/fpg'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 t/ kof{Kt ;"rgfsf] cefj / /f=of]=cf=, ;DjlGwt dGqfnoaf6 l;w} :jLs[lt lbbf+ sltko u}=;=;=af6 of]hgf :jLs[t gu/fpg] klg u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ of]hgfdf bf]xf]/f]kg cfpg], 5'§} cfly{s ef/ ylkg] u/]klg lh=lj=;=sf] kxndf lgoldt ug]{ k|of; hf/L 5 . of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu klg k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ g} ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . of]hgfx¿ sfof{Gjog ubf{ 7]Ssfk§f, cdfgt jf pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g u/]/ sfof{Gjog ul/G5 . uf=lj=;=sf] xsdf pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g u/]/ tyf cdfgtaf6 uf=lj=;=sf] kl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t of]hgfx¿sf] sfof{Gjog ul/G5 .

cfjlws of]hgfsf] nflu pknAw ljQLo ;|f]tsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f tyf k|If]k0fDofUbL lhNnfsf] cfufdL % jif{sf] nflu dfly pNn]v ePcg';f/ k|To]s jif{df k|fKt x'g] ;|f]t / ;fwgx¿sf] qmdnfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ lh=lj=;=sf] cfGtl/s ;|f]t k|lt jif{ @@=^^Ü sf b/n] cf};t ?kdf j[l4 ePsf]n] / cfufdL lbgx¿df ef}lts k"jf{wf/x¿ lgdf{0f eO{ ;|f]t / ;fwgdf s]xL j[l4 x'g ;Sg]] b]lvG5 . o;sf] nflu cf=j= )%(÷^) b]lv )^#÷^$ ;Dd k|lt jif{ !^=%Ü sf b/n] j[l4 x'g] x'gfn] % jif{df hDdf @@=^^Ü cfGtl/s ;|f]taf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 k|fKt x'g] k|zf;lgs cg'bfg / ljsf; cg'bfg ut % jif{df k|ltjif{ @)=#&Ü n] j[l4 x'b}

124

cfPsf]n] cfufdL % jif{df klg k|ltjif{ !^=%Ü n] j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

oxfFsf uf=lj=;=x¿sf] cfGtl/s ;|f]taf6 vf;} pNn]vgLo /sd ;+sng x'g] u/]sf] 5}g . >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] cg'bfgaf6 ?= @ s/f]8 k|ltjif{ k|fKt eO{/x]sf]n] cfufdL % jif{df s"n !) s/f]8 uf=lj=;=x¿nfO{ k|fKt x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

o; lhNnfdf /x]sf ;/sf/L sfof{nox¿sf] ah]6 ut % jif{df k|ltjif{ cf};t a[l4b/ &=*%Ü ePsf] b]lvPsf]n] cfufdL % jif{df klg ;f]xL cg'kftdf j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . o; lhNnfl:yt u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n] cf=j= )%^÷%& df s/Lj ?=@* nfv nufgL u/]sf] b]lvG5 . u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] a9\bf] e"ldsfnfO{ b[li6ut ubf{ k|ltjif{ nufgLdf a[l4 eO{ ?=%) nfv nufgL x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . ;Dk"0f{ ah]6sf] @* hg;xeflutfaf6 sfo{ b]lvPsf]n] of] k|ltzt j[l4 u/L #% k'Ug] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

dfly pNn]v ePsf] @=!)=! b]lv @=!)=& df pNn]v eP cg';f/ o; cfjlws of]hgfdf o; lhNnfnfO{ lh=lj=;=af6 ?=@& s/f]8 @) nfv %# xhf/, lhNnf l:yt ;/sf/L sfo{fnox¿af6 @ c/j !# s/f]8 ## nfv #^ xhf/, s]Gb|Lo:t/sf of]hgfx¿af6 s/Lj ?=@% s/f]8, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿af6 s/Lj ?= %) nfv, lghL If]qaf6 ?= !) s/f]8, hg;xeflutfaf6 ?= & s/f]8 %) nfv u/L hDdf ?= @ c/j *$ s/f]8 %) nfv #$ xhf/ /sd cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ljsf; sfo{qmddf -;fwf/0f / ljsf; ah]6 ;d]t_ nufgL x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

of]hgf sfof{Gjog l:ylto; lhNnfdf cf=j= )%&÷%* df ;+rflnt s"n #!! of]hgf÷sfo{qmd dWo] @#@ of]hgf ;DkGg eP, ^^ n] @!=@@ k|ltzt ;Demf}tf u/L s]xL dfq sfo{ k|ult u/] eg] !# n] ;Demf}tf g} u/]gg\ . ;DkGg ePsf of]hgfx¿ dWo], ljsf; cg'bfg tkm{ !))Ü, emf]=k'= tkm{&%Ü, ;8s cg'bfg tkm{ %)Ü, :yfgLo ljsf; lgdf{0f tkm{ !))Ü, u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ tkm{ %)Ü / :jfjnDag tkm{ &$=@%Ü k|ult ePsf] b]lvG5 .

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dfn9'Ëf a]gL ;8s v08

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df=lz=lj=O{

1112 16=5 1295 1509 1758 2048 2386 8996

lh=:jf=sf=

2323 16=5 2706 3152 3673 4279 4985 18795

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2144 16=5 2439 2841 3309 3855 4492 16936

3/]n' 1386 16=5 1614 1881 2191 2553 2974 11213

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lh=e"=sf=

1275 16=5 1485 1730 2015 2347 2734 10311

lh=s[=lj=sf=

7448 16=5 8676 10108 11776 13719 15983 60662

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949 11066 12892 15019 17497 20384 76858

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1

lh=kz'=;]=sf=

4378 16=5 5100 5941 6922 8064 9395 35422

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tYofÍ 2050 16=5 2399 2795 3257 3794 12245

hDdf 90676 104000 143948 167700 195358 734959

tflnsf g+ 82;fwf/0f tkm{sf] k|If]k0f

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gfd %* @ ^# ^$cbfnt 1867 2053 2259 2484 2733 3006 12535

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560 616 677 745 819 900 3757

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1204 1324 1456 1602 1762 1939 8083

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sf/fuf/ 1054 1159 1275 1402 1543 1697 7076

lhNnf k|=sf=

1890 2079 2286 2515 2067 3043 12690

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658 723 796 875 963 1059 4416

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24867 27353 30089 33097 36407 40048 166994

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gfkL 648 712 784 862 908 1043 4309

lzIff 73610 80971 89068 97974 10772 118549 494334

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455 500 550 605 666 732 3053

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704 774 851 937 1030 1133 4725

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127

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jflif{s cg'bfg /sd 15805 17385 19123 10% 21035 23139 25453 27998 30789 128423

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100 200 250 300 300 1150

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13361 14697 16166 17783 19561 21518 23669 26035 108566

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128

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vr{ / nufgLljsf;df s"n nufgL 87% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68%

k|zf;lgs vr{ 25% 32% 32% 32% 32% 32% 32% 32% 32%

ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt tkm{s aflif{s cg'bfg 25202 25202 25202 20000 20000 20000 20000 20000 100000

hg;xeflutf 9968 10963 12060 13266 14592 16051 17656 19421 80986

hDdf nufgL / vr{ 35170 36165 37262 33266 34592 36051 37656 39421 180986

k|zf;lgs vr{ 4875 4875 4875 4875 4875 4875 4875 4875 24375

ljsf;df nufgL 87% 87% 87% 87% 87% 87% 87% 87%

k|zf;lgs vr{ 13% 13% 13% 13% 13% 13% 13% 13%

a]?h'ljj/0flgoldt ug]{ s"n a]?h'

6134

lgoldt ePsf] s"n a]?h' /sd

6

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129

@=!)=!@ cGt/ lhNnf ;DaGwDofUbL lhNnfsf] k"j{df kj{t, sf:sL / dgfª, klZrddf 8f]Nkf / ?s'd, pQ/df d':tfË / 8f]Nkf / blIf0fdf afun'ª lhNnf kb{5g\ . o; lhNnfdf d':tfªaf6 aUb} cfPsf] sfnLu08sL afun'ª kj{t lhNnftkm{ aUb} uPsf] 5 . /3'u+ufgbL, DofUbLgbL / sfnLu08sLdf hnljB'tsf] ;Defjgf ePsf]n] hnljB't pTkfbg ug{ ;s]df DofUbL, afun'ª, kj{t, sf:sL / d':tfª lhNnfdf k|ToIf kmfObf k'Ug hfg] b]lvG5 . kf]v/faf6 kj{t -s'Zdf_, afun'ª / a]gL xF'b} hf]d;f]d hfg] ;8sn] oL lhNnfx¿sf] ;DjGw a9fpg ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvG5 . kj{tsf] dfn9+'ufaf6 a]gL;Ddsf] ;8sn] kj{t / DofUbL aLr tyf afun'ª–a]gL ;8sn] afun'ª / a]gL aLr ;'dw'/ ;DjGw a9fpg 7"nf] e"ldsf lgefPsf] 5 . sfnLu08sLsf] k'n / DofUbL vf]nfsf] k'n lgdf{0f ePdf o; If]qsf] cfly{s ljsf;df 7"nf] d2t k'Ug] b]lvG5 . afun'ªsf] SofDk;, afun'ª c:ktfn, DofUbLsf] t/sf/L, oxfFsf] e"–efu jgh+un, /d0fLo :ynx¿ / xfjfkfgLn] afUn'ª / a]gL aLr cfly{s ;DjGw a9fPsf] 5 . kf]v/faf6 DofUbL *$ ls=dL= 6f9f ePsf] eP klg kf]v/fsf] /d0fLo b[Zo x]/]/ ko{6sx¿ DofUbLsf] ?K;] em/gf, ljZjsf] ulx/f] cGw uN5L, ;ft y/Lsf u'/fF;, wjnflul/ lxdfn, wf}nflul/ j]zSofDk, cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]qn] ko{6sx¿nfO{ nf]EofpF5g / o;n] ko{6sx¿sf] kf]v/fdf a:g] lbg nDAofpFg ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 . kf]v/fsf] sf]N8 :6f]/]hdf s[lif pTkfbg :6f]/]h ug]{ b]lv lnP/ DofUbL / kf]v/f aLr 3lgi6 ;DaGw a9fpg d2t u/]sf] 5 . DofUbL gbLsf] lsgf/} lsgf/ lgdf{0ffwLg a]gL–b/jfª–hnhnf ;8sn] dWo klZrdf~rnsf] kxf8L If]qnfO{ klZrdf~rnsf] s]Gb| kf]v/f;Fu hf]8\g ;xof]u ub{5 . a]gL–hf]d;f]d ;8sn] :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL ko{6s Pj+ tLy{ofqLx¿nfO{ ;xof]u k'Ug]5 . oxfFaf6 kj{t xF'b} gf/fo0f3f6;Dd hnljxf/ ug{ ;lsg] klg k|r'/ ;Defjgf 5 .

DofUbL lhNnfsf] ljsf;n] sf:sL -kf]v/f_ kj{t, afun'ª, 8f]Nkf, ?s'd, d':tfª ;a} lhNnfdf ko{6sLo, jftfj/0fLo, e"–pkof]uLo gbL ;+/If0f cflb If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sb5g\ . afun'ª–a]gL–d':tfª ;8s, kj{t–a]gLk'n tyf ;8s lgdf{0f ug{ ;s]df of] lhNnfsf] l5d]sL lhNnfx¿ aLr ;DjGw a9\g hfg] b]lvG5 . kj{t, afUn'ª / d':tfª lhNnfx¿;Fu ;fd~h:otf u/]/ ;8s u'? of]hgf Pj+ l5d]sL lhNnfx¿;Fu ;fd~h:otf sfod u/L ko{6g u'? of]hgf agfpg' kg]{ b]lvG5 .

;+:yfut ;|f]t tyf Ifdtftkm{sf ;d:ofx¿ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] s"n cfodf cfGtl/s cfosf] of]ubfg ljut kfFr

jif{sf] cWoog cg';f/ cf};t #Ü dfq b]lvG5 . To;}n] yk cfGtl/s cfo ;|f]tx¿sf] klxrfg / kl/rfng ug{' h?/L 5 . cGo ;|f]taf6 k|fKt cfDbfgL klg 36\bf] 5 .

lhlj;df cfGtl/s cfo;|f]t jfkt k|fKt x'g] ljleGg zLif{ssf /sdx¿ p7fpgsf lglDt Joj:yf ul/Psf] n]vfzfvf cem} a}1flgs

130

9+uaf6 Jojl:yt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . gubL /l;b dfkm{t p7]sf] /sd ;dodf a}+s bflvnf gx'g], ;DjlGwt lx;fasf] vftfkftf / ljj/0f k|i6 gx'g] h:tf ;d:ofx¿ af/Daf/ b]lvg] u/]sf 5g\ .

;Defjgfx¿ /fhZj afF8kmfF8 cGtu{t 3/hUuf /lhi6]«]zg z'Ns jfkt

lhlj;nfO{ tf]lsPsf] k|ltztdf /sd k|fKt x'g] sfg"gL Joj:yfn] DofUbL lhlj;sf] jflif{s s/La ? !@ nfv ;|f]t yk x'g] lglZrt 5 . ;fy} ljB't /f]oN6L, lgdf{0fsf qmddf k|of]udf cfpg] 9+'uf, afn'jf cflb jfkt cfpg] laqmL s/df a[l4 x'g] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 . o; lhNnfdf a}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] qmddf j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf]n] /fxbfgL l;kmfl/; b:t'/df klg pNn]vgLo ?kdf j[l4 x'g]5 .

131

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