ch 12 imperialism hoye ap update
TRANSCRIPT
Imperialism….
how the U.S. acquired territories
Imperialism: the economic and political domination by a strong nation OVER a weaker nation
The Need for More Markets
Productivity created surpluses Export to foreign markets Spurring of US expansionism
Acquisition of new lands Increase American glory and prestige Led to growing involvement in Latin America
and Hawaii and Samoa
Commercial/Business Interests
Commercial/Business Interests
U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908
U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908
American Foreign
Trade:1870-1914
American Foreign
Trade:1870-1914
Commercial Business
Interests
Commercial Business
Interests
2. Military/Strategic Interests
2. Military/Strategic Interests
Alfred T. Mahan The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783
Alfred T. Mahan The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783
Have a two ocean navyModernize our navy,
from wood to Steel.Acquire possessions in
the Pacific for use as coaling and resupplying stations.
Acquire islands in the Caribbean.
Build a canal in Central America.
Henry Cabot Lodge “Our Blundering Foreign Policy,” (March 1895)
“Small states are of the past and have no future. . . . The great nations are rapidly absorbing for their future expansion and their present defense all the waste places of the earth. It is a movement which makes for civilization and the advancement o the race. As one of the great nations of the world, the United states must not fall out of the line of march.”
Hawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen Liliuokalani
Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in
1849 by virtue of
economic treaties.
U. S. Business Interests In Hawaii
U. S. Business Interests In Hawaii
1875 – Reciprocity Treaty
1890 – McKinley Tariff
1893 – Americanbusinessmen backed anuprising against Queen Liliuokalani.
Sanford Ballard Dole
proclaims the Republic of Hawaii in 1894.
To The Victor Belongs the Spoils
To The Victor Belongs the Spoils
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898
Annex: To incorporate into country/state
Annexation of Alaska:
“Seward’s Folly”: 1867
Annexation of Alaska:
“Seward’s Folly”: 1867
$7.2 million$7.2 million
CubaCuba under harsh Spanish ruleSeen as natural expansion for US territoryUS imposed sugar tariff caused economic chaosCuban rebels launched revolution against Spain Caused economy to fall apart Massive destruction of countryside
American concerns rose $50 million invested in sugar industry Exports to US plummeted
Spanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in Cuba
Spanish-American War 1898 USS Maine in Havana Harbor Exploded February 1898 Spanish blamed, although was determined an
accident (YELLOW JOURNALISM: exaggeration of conditions by the U.S. press in order to sell more newspapers)
US troops sent in Battle of San Juan Hill Theodore Roosevelt and Rough Riders First and last major battle
Treaty of ParisCuba gained independence
US acquired Guam and Puerto Rico and purchased Philippines
REMEMBER THE
MAINE!!!
“Yellow Journalism” & Jingoism
“Yellow Journalism” & Jingoism
Joseph PulitzerJoseph Pulitzer
William Randolph HearstWilliam Randolph Hearst
Hearst to Frederick Remington: You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war!
Remember the Maineand to Hell with Spain!Remember the Maineand to Hell with Spain!
Funeral for Maine victims in Havana
Funeral for Maine victims in Havana
The Treaty of Paris: 1898The Treaty of Paris: 1898
Cuba was freed from Spanish rule.
Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island ofGuam.
The U. S. paid Spain$20 mil. for thePhilippines.
The U. S. becomesan imperial power!
Started as Teller Amendment (1898)
Platt Amendment (1903)
1. Cuba was not to enter into any agreements with foreign powers that would endanger its independence.
2. The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if necessary to maintain an efficient, independent govt.
3. Cuba must lease Guantanamo Bay to the U.S. for naval and coaling station.
4. Cuba must not build up an excessive public debt.
Cuban Independence?Cuban Independence?
Senator Orville Platt
Senator Orville Platt
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1905The Roosevelt Corollary to
the Monroe Doctrine: 1905
Chronic wrongdoing… may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an
international police power .
“Speak softly and carry a big stick”
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
Asserted right of US to act as international police power in Latin America
Speak Softly,But Carry a Big Stick!
Speak Softly,But Carry a Big Stick!
Panama CanalPanama Canal
TR in Panama(Construction begins in
1904)
TR in Panama(Construction begins in
1904)
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty signed with Great Britain gave US exclusive right to build and control any proposed canal through Central America
US assisted with presence-only in Panama’s fight for independence
US recognized Panama as independent nation Signed treaty to build canal
Viewed construction of canal through Central America as vital to American world power
**opened up Asia as efficient trading market… MORE $$$**
Panama Canal:
Efficiency
America as a Pacific Power
America as a Pacific Power
The Great White Fleet: 1907The Great White Fleet: 1907
The Open Door PolicyThe Open Door Policy
Secretary John Hay.
Give all nations equalaccess to trade in China.
Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken over by any one foreign power.
TheOpen Door
Policy
TheOpen Door
Policy
William H. Taft’s Policy
“Dollar Diplomacy” Encourage US
businesses to invest in foreign regions
Use dollars—not bullets—to advance US authority and prosperity while promoting worldwide economic stability
Woodrow WilsonUS should champion democracy around globe and help maintain world peace
“Moral Diplomacy”—self-determination Allowed US to meddle
in Latin America and Asia
Understanding ImperialismIndustrial Revolution surplus products export goods foreign trade (expansion of
economic markets)
Cuba—area of expansionism for many US businesses; sought independence from Spain;
Explosion of U.S.S. Maine led to Spanish-American War Cuban independence and US gained Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines thus becoming imperial nation
The End