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Unit 10 – Chapter 29Unit 10 – Chapter 29

The Physical Geography of The Physical Geography of Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia

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I. Section II. Section IThe LandThe Land

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A. Peninsulas & IslandsA. Peninsulas & Islands The The Eurasian, Philippine, and Indo-AustralianEurasian, Philippine, and Indo-Australian tectonic plates tectonic plates

collided millions of years ago to form much of this regioncollided millions of years ago to form much of this region– Formed Formed cordillerascordilleras – parallel mountains – parallel mountains– Formed Formed archipelagoarchipelago- groups of islands- groups of islands

What are the 11 What are the 11 countries in this countries in this region?region?

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Where are Singapore and East Timor???

Note: Burma is now Myanmar

PeninsulasPeninsulas– Indochina Peninsula, Malay Indochina Peninsula, Malay

PeninsulaPeninsula– About ½ of the countries About ½ of the countries

are on the mainland – are on the mainland – which ones?which ones?

– MalaysiaMalaysia is located ½ on a is located ½ on a peninsula (Malay) and ½ peninsula (Malay) and ½ on an island (Borneo)on an island (Borneo)

– LaosLaos is the only landlocked is the only landlocked country in the region!country in the region!

IslandsIslands– InsularInsular - island - island– Malay Archipelago (East Malay Archipelago (East

Indies)Indies) – 20,000 islands – 20,000 islands– Indonesia is the largest Indonesia is the largest

island country in this island country in this region – 13,500+ islandsregion – 13,500+ islands

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B. Physical FeaturesB. Physical Features MountainsMountains

– Annam CordilleraAnnam Cordillera– Highest Peak – Jaya Peak (16,500 ft.)Highest Peak – Jaya Peak (16,500 ft.)

Volcanoes of Indonesia and the PhilippinesVolcanoes of Indonesia and the Philippines– 327 volcanoes in this region!327 volcanoes in this region!– One of the Ring of Fire’s most active areasOne of the Ring of Fire’s most active areas

RiversRivers– Irrawaddy, Chao Irrawaddy, Chao

Phraya, Red (Hong), Phraya, Red (Hong), MekongMekong

Surrounding Bodies Surrounding Bodies of Waterof Water– Pacific Ocean, Pacific Ocean,

Indian Ocean, South Indian Ocean, South China Sea, China Sea, Philippine Sea, Gulf Philippine Sea, Gulf of Thailandof Thailand

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C. Natural ResourcesC. Natural Resources Flora & FaunaFlora & Fauna Energy SourcesEnergy Sources

– Fossil FuelsFossil Fuels Coal, Oil, & Natural GasCoal, Oil, & Natural Gas

– The oil off the coast The oil off the coast of Brunei has made of Brunei has made the ruler – the Sultan the ruler – the Sultan of Brunei – a very rich of Brunei – a very rich man – one of the man – one of the world’s richest men!world’s richest men!

– Indonesia – one of the Indonesia – one of the far east’s biggest oil far east’s biggest oil producersproducers

Member of OPECMember of OPEC

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Sultan of Brunei

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Minerals & GemsMinerals & Gems– MineralsMinerals

Nickel, Iron, Copper, Nickel, Iron, Copper, TinTin

– Malaysia is among Malaysia is among the world’s leaders of the world’s leaders of TinTin

– GemsGems Sapphires, rubies, Sapphires, rubies,

pearlspearls– A giant pearl found A giant pearl found

off Palawan in 1934 off Palawan in 1934 weighed about 14 weighed about 14 pounds, making it the pounds, making it the largest natural pearl largest natural pearl ever harvested!ever harvested!

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C. (cont)C. (cont)

Flora & FaunaFlora & Fauna– Flora - Plant life is exotic & diverseFlora - Plant life is exotic & diverse

The region is home to the world’s largest flowerThe region is home to the world’s largest flower– Rafflesia arnoldii (has blossoms three feet wide)!Rafflesia arnoldii (has blossoms three feet wide)!

Orchids, rubber trees, mahogany, teak, plywoodOrchids, rubber trees, mahogany, teak, plywood

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– Fauna – AnimalsFauna – Animals Elephants, tigers, Elephants, tigers,

rhinoceroses, rhinoceroses, orangutans,orangutans,

Komodo dragon Komodo dragon (world’s largest (world’s largest lizard!)lizard!)

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FishingFishing– SE Asians consume SE Asians consume

more than twice the more than twice the world’s average of world’s average of seafoodseafood

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II. II. Section IISection II

Climate & Climate & VegetationVegetation

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A. Tropical Climate RegionsA. Tropical Climate Regions

Tropical Rain Forest Tropical Rain Forest – This climate This climate

dominates SE Asiadominates SE Asia– Singapore is one of Singapore is one of

two cities in the world two cities in the world that have areas of that have areas of tropical rain forest tropical rain forest within their within their boundaries (the other boundaries (the other is Rio de Janeiro)is Rio de Janeiro)

Tropical SavannaTropical Savanna Humid SubtropicalHumid Subtropical

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B. Highlands ClimateB. Highlands Climate

Highlands = mountainous areasHighlands = mountainous areas– Myanmar, New Guinea, & BorneoMyanmar, New Guinea, & Borneo

Deciduous treesDeciduous trees