a. soil conservation.

b. deposition.

c. abrasion.

d. erosion.

The process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another is called

d. erosion.

a. mechanical weathering.

b. runoff.

c. mass movement.

d. soil formation.

Landslides, mudflows, slump, and creep are all examples of

c. mass movement.

a. plucking and abrasion.

b. gravity.

c. chemical weathering.

d. erosion and deposition.

Mass movement is caused by

b. gravity.

a. tributary.b. meander.c. turbulent stream.d. gully.

A stream or river that runs into another stream or river is called a

a. tributary.

a. rills.

b. meanders.

c. outside curves.

d. deltas.

A river flowing across a wide flood plain begins to form looplike bends called

b. meanders.

a. oxbow lake.

b. gully.

c. waterfall.

d. delta.

Where a river flows from an area of harder rock to an area of softer rock, the softer rock may wear away, eventually forming a drop called a(an)

c. waterfall.

a. divide.

b. drainage basin.

c. alluvial fan.

d. slump.

A wide sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range is called a(an)

c. alluvial fan.

a. speeds up.

b. crosses a depression in the ground.

c. slows down or hits an obstacle.

d. cools after nightfall.

Wind carrying sand grains deposits the sand when the wind

c. slows down or hits an obstacle.

a. snowman

b. plucking

c. glacier

d. abrasion

A __________________ is any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.

c. glacier

a. abrasion.

b. deflation.

c. deposition.

d. erosion.

________________________ is the process by which wind removes surface materials and picks up the smallest particles of sediment and may create desert pavement.

b. deflation.

a. deflation and abrasion

b. sand dunes and loess

c. rill and gully

d. stalactite and stalagmite

Wind erosion and deposition may form ________________ and ____________ deposits.

b. sand dunes and loess

a. gravity

b. weathering

c. erosion

d. deposition

The force that moves sediment in a landslide or mudflow is ____________________.

a. gravity

a. flood plains

b. water

c. wind

d. gravity

The major agent of erosion that shapes Earth’s land surface is moving ____________________.

b. water

a. deltas

b. deposition

c. flood plains

d. sediments

Through erosion, rivers form ____________________, which are wide, flat areas covered by water during floods.

c. flood plains

a. delta

b. deposition

c. flood plain

d. sediment

Sediment deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake is called a(an) ____________________.

a. delta

a. abrasion

b. deposition

c. sediment

d. groundwater

____________________ is the term used by geologists for water that soaks into the ground, fills the openings in the soil, and trickles into cracks and spaces in layers of rock.

d. groundwater

a. currents

b. wind

c. gravity

d. abrasion

Ocean waves contain energy that is transferred to them by ____________________ moving across the surface.

b. wind

a. wind

b. water

c. abrasion

d. gravity

The two processes by which waves erode the land are impact and ____________________.

c. abrasion

a. middle ages

b. ice times

c. the meltdown

d. ice ages

The times in the past when continental glaciers covered large parts of Earth’s land surface were the ____________________.

d. ice ages

a. sediment

b. abrasion

c. delta

d. flood plain

_____________________, which consists of pieces of rock or remains of plants and animals, is produced by weathering and erosion.

a. sediment

a. sediment

b. gravity

c. abrasion

d. deposition

Weathering, erosion, and ______________ act together in a cycle that wears down and builds up the Earth’s surface.

d. deposition

a. They are carried away.

b. They sink to the bottom.

c. They move up and down, but do not move forward.

d. They slowly move backward.

As the energy of a wave moves through the water, what happens to the water particles themselves?

c. They move up and down, but do not move forward.

a. there is an ice age.

b. there is a U-shaped valley in the mountains.

c. the amount of snow exceeds the amount of rain.

d. more snow falls than melts.

Glaciers can only form when

d. more snow falls than melts.

a. Vegetation, rain, and soil type.

b. Climate, the number of rivers nearby, and the amount of erosion.

c. Deposition, tributaries, and the extent of the floodplain.

d. The slope of the land, the amount of snowfall, and the latitude.

The amount of runoff in an area depends on which of the following factors?

a. Vegetation, rain, and soil type.

a. limestone is soft and its particles are easily removed through a process of mechanical weathering.

b. stalactites and stalagmites pull particles of limestone apart and remove them from the parent material.

c. water combines with calcium as it sinks into the ground, absorbing and dissolving particles of carbon dioxide that hold limestone together.

d. water combines with carbon dioxide as it sinks into the ground, creating carbonic acid, which slowly dissolves the limestone.

Areas of limestone are easily eroded by groundwater because

d. water combines with carbon dioxide as it sinks into the ground, creating carbonic acid, which slowly dissolves the limestone.