chapter 02 - internet & www

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Living in a Digital World

DiscoveringComputers 2011



Objectives Overview

Discuss the evolution of theInternet

Identify and briefly describevarious broadband Internet

connections and statedifferences between broadbandInternet connections and dial-

up connections

Describe the types of Internetaccess providers

Describe the purpose of an IPaddress and its relationship to a

domain name

Explain the purpose of a Webbrowser and identify the

components of a Web address

Describe how to use a searchengine to search for

information on the Web anddifferentiate between a searchengine and a subject directory

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2

2See Page 73for Detailed Objectives



Objectives Overview

Describe the types of Websites

Explain how Web pages usegraphics, animation, audio,

video, virtual reality, andplug-ins

Identify and briefly describethe steps required for Web

publishing

Describe the types of e-commerce

Explain how e-mail, mailinglists, instant messaging,

chat rooms, VoIP,newsgroups and message

boards, and FTP work

Identify the rules of netiquette


3See Page 73for Detailed Objectives



The Internet

• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networksthat links millions of businesses, governmentagencies, educational institutions, and individuals


4Page 74Figure 2-1



Evolution of the Internet

• The Internet originated as ARPANET in September1969 and had two main goals:


5Page 75

Allow scientists atdifferent physicallocations to share

information and work

together

Function even if part of the network were

disabled or destroyedby a disaster




1969 ARPANETbecomes

functional

1984 ARPANET has

more than1,000

individualcomputerslinked as

hosts

1986 NSFconnectsNSFnet to

ARPANET andbecomes

known as theInternet

1995 NSFNetterminatesits network

on theInternet and

resumesstatus asresearchnetwork

1996 Internet2 is

founded

Today Morethan 550

million hostsconnect to

the Internet


6Pages 75 - 76




• Each organization is responsible only formaintaining its own network

– The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) overseesresearch and sets guidelines and standards

• Internet2 connects more than 200 universitiesand 115 companies via a high-speed private

network


76

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click W3Cbelow Chapter 2

http://www.scsite.com/dc2011cp/ch2/weblink/




• An access provider is a business that provides individualsand organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee


9Page 77Figure 2-2




ISP (Internet service provider )

Regional ISPs provideInternet access to a

specific geographicalarea

National ISPs provideInternet access incities and towns

nationwide

Online serviceprovider (OSP )

Has many members-only features

Popular OSPs includeAOL (America Online)and MSN (Microsoft

Network)

Wireless Internetservice provider

(WISP)

Provides wirelessInternet access to

computers andmobile devices

May require awireless modem


10Page 78

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Wireless Modemsbelow Chapter 2






11Page 79Figure 2-3




• An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies eachcomputer or device connected to the Internet

• A domain name is the text version of an IP address – Top-level domain (TLD)

• A DNS server translates the domain name into itsassociated IP address


12Pages 79 – 80Figure 2-4





13Page 80Figure 2-5



The World Wide Web

• The World Wide Web , or Web , consists of aworldwide collection of electronic documents(Web pages )

• A Web site is a collection of related Web pagesand associated items

• A Web server is a computer that delivers

requested Web pages to your computer• Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a means

for users to interact


14Pages 80 - 81



The World Wide Web

• A Web browser , or browser , allows users toaccess Web pages and Web 2.0 programs


15Page 81

InternetExplorer Firefox Opera

Safari GoogleChrome



The World Wide Web


16Page 81Figure 2-6



The World Wide Web

• A home page is the firstpage that a Web sitedisplays

• Web pages provide links toother related Web pages

– Surfing the Web• Downloading is the

process of receivinginformation


17Pages 82 - 83Figure 2-7

• Some Web pages aredesigned specifically formicrobrowsers

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click iPhonebelow Chapter 2




The World Wide Web

• A Web page has a unique address called a URL orWeb address





The World Wide Web

• Tabbed browsing allows you to open and view multipleWeb pages in a single Web browser window


19Page 84Figure 2-9

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Tabbed Browsingbelow Chapter 2




The World Wide Web


21Page 85Figure 2-10



The World Wide Web

• A search engine is helpful in locating items suchas:


22Page 85

Images Videos Audio News

MapsPeople or

Businesses Blogs



The World Wide Web





The World Wide Web

• Some Web browsers contain an Instant Searchbox to eliminate the steps of displaying the searchengine’s Web page prior to entering the searchtext





The World Wide Web

• Search operators can help to refine your search





The World Wide Web

• There are thirteen types of Web sites



Portal News Informational Business/Marketing

Blog Wiki Online SocialNetwork

Educational



The World Wide Web

Entertainment Advocacy WebApplication

ContentAggregator

Personal





Video: Tell Your Stories via Vlog


28

CLICK TO START

http://02_howtovlog.wmv/





The World Wide Web

• Information presentedon the Web must beevaluated for accuracy

•

No one oversees thecontent of Web pages





The World Wide Web

• Multimedia refers to any application thatcombines text with:


30Page 92



The World Wide Web

• A graphic is a digitalrepresentation of nontext information

•

Graphic formats includeBMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG,and TIFF





The World Wide Web

• Animation is the appearance of motion createdby displaying a series of still images in sequence


33Page 94



The World Wide Web

• Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound – Compressed to reduce file size

• You listen to audio on your computer using a player• Streaming is the process of transferring data in a

continuous and even flow





The World Wide Web





The World Wide Web

• Video consists of full-motion images that areplayed back at various speeds



Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click YouTubebelow Chapter 2




The World Wide Web

• Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers tosimulate a real or imagined environment thatappears as a three-dimensional space





The World Wide Web

• A plug-in is a program that extends the capabilityof a Web browser





The World Wide Web

• Web publishing is the development andmaintenance of Web pages


39Page 98

Plan aWeb site

Analyzeand

design aWeb site

Create aWeb site

Deploy aWeb site

Maintaina Web

site

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Web Page AuthoringSoftware below Chapter 2




E-Commerce

• E-commerce is a business transaction that occursover an electronic network

– M-commerce identifies e-commerce that takes placeusing mobile devices


40Page 98



E-Commerce



Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Google CheckoutSoftware below Chapter 2




Other Internet Services

• E-mail is thetransmission of messages and files via a

computer network• An e-mail program

allows you to create,send, receive, forward,

store, print, and deletee-mail messages






• A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addressesgiven a single name

– Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address –

Unsubscribing removes your name



Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click E-Mail belowChapter 2





• Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internetcommunications service






• A chat is a real-timetyped conversation thattakes place on a

computer• A chat room is a

location on an Internetserver that permits

users to chat with eachother



Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Chat Roomsbelow Chapter 2





• VoIP (Voice over IP)enables users to speakto other users over the

Internet – Also called Internet

telephony






• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standardthat permits file uploading and downloading withother computers on the Internet

• Many operating systems include FTP capabilities• An FTP server is a computer that allows users to

upload and/or download files using FTP


50Page 107

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click FTPbelow Chapter 2




Netiquette

• Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internetbehavior



Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Cyberbullyingbelow Chapter 2




Summary

History and structure of the Internet World Wide Web

Browsing, navigating,searching, Webpublishing, and

e-commerce

Other Internet services:e-mail, instant

messaging, chat rooms,VoIP, newsgroups andmessage boards, and FTP

Rules of netiquette


52Page 109



Living in a Digital World

DiscoveringComputers 2011

chapter 02 - internet & www

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