chapter 1 delays, disorders, and differences. what are they? language delay – language disorder...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 1
Delays, Disorders, and Differences
What are they?
• Language Delay –
• Language Disorder –
Language Delay Example
• A child who does not speak his word until _____ rather than _____ months
• A child who does not combine words until rather than by ______________
Language Disorder
• May involve 1) ______ (phonology, morphology, syntax); 2) _______ (semantics); and/or 3) _____ (pragmatics) in any combination.
• A child who has a language disorder uses language behaviors that would not be considered part of ________________
• For example, when a delay extends into the early elementary school-age years, it may appear as a language disorder.
• Language Difference –
Linguistic Competence and Performance
• Linguistic Competence –
• Linguistic Performance –
Risk Factors
• Serious concerns expressed by a parent, primary caregiver, or professional regarding __________
• Parent or primary caregiver with _____________ mental illness, developmental disability, or mental retardation.
• Parent or primary caregiver with ______________
• Parent or primary caregiver with a ____________
• Family medical or genetic history characteristics...
*Page 4 in book
• What is an obvious indicator that a child may be at risk of language delays or disorders?
Early Intervention: Part C
• The National Early Intervention Longitudinal Study (2007) found: _________________ problems were the most
prevalent reasons for referral for early intervention (41%)
Pre- and perinatal problems (19%) Motor delays (17%) Overall delays (12%)
Early Intervention Study (con’t)
• The study noted that children with language delays were rarely identified before _______
• ____ of children entering early intervention after the age of _____ months had some variant of a speech or communication problem
Socio-Economic Impacts
• Poverty impacts _____________
• Single parent households
• Single parent households of black children
• Mother’s _______________
Risk factors exacerbated by persistent poverty
• Teen-age pregnancy
• Premature birth
• Poor health
• Inadequate nutrition
• Lack of housing
• Instability in family relationships
• Later school failure
Review of Table 1-5
Let ‘s Talk ……
What do we know about Language Development
• It is ___________________
• Developmental milestones are attained at about the same age _______________
• Developmental _______________
• Children go through development __________
• Individual children differ ________ from one another
Language Delays in Detail
• Types of Language Delays
__________________ __________________ __________________
Language Delay
• Child exhibits _________________; however, the language skills ______ those expected for his chronological age and level of _________ _______________
• Speech develops typically in the ________ __________________, just at a slower rate.
• Can refer to: Onset of usage of the language skill Rate of progression through the acquisition
process The sequence in which the skills are learned
Language Delay with Plateau
• Children follow a normal sequence of acquisition of language skills but __________ all of the skills expected for ______________
• Child progresses to a point, then _________
• Plateau may be due to: Physical illness, trauma, or psychological insult Progress in another area of development, such
as motor• Immature central nervous system is unable to
handle _____________________
Significant Language Delay
• Child acquires linguistic features in the normal sequence, but __________________ occur between the age the skill should be acquired and the age the child actually develops the skill
Language Disorders
• Disorders in ________
• Disorders in ________
• Disorders in ________
• Or any combination of the three
Disorders of Content
• Semantic deficits which are characterized by:
Slow acquisition of their ____________ Slow _______________ Difficulty with _______________ relationships Difficulty with __________________
Disorders in Form
• Phonological Disorder Consistent misuse of ______________
• Syntax Deficits (disorders) Decreased ______________ _________ speech Frequent ________________ Problems with ____________
• Morphology Deficits
Problems with:• • • • •
Disorders of Use
• Pragmatic disorders (use disorders)
Talking about something ____________• Rambling
Difficulty __________________ Difficulty with _______________ Difficulty with ________________
Language Differences
• Speech Community – A group of people who routinely and frequently use a _____________ to interact with each other.
• Difference – communication behavior meet the norms of the primary speech community but not the ________________
Dialect
• Areas of concentration to be considered:
Race and ethnicity Region Situation or context Peer group association and identification First language community and culture Gender
Review Case Study
• Page 31-32 of text book