chapter 1: developing self-awareness...•increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-1
Chapter 1:
Developing Self-Awareness
1
Developing Management Skills
![Page 2: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-2
Learning Objectives
• Understand your sensitive line
• Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level
• Understand your cognitive style
• Discover your orientation toward change
• Understand your emotional intelligence and core self-evaluation
2
![Page 3: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-3
Keys to Self- Awareness
“Know Thyself”Carved on the temple to the Oracle at Delphi
“He that would govern others must first master himself”
Messinger
3
![Page 4: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-4
Hierarchy of Personal Life-Management Skills
4
![Page 5: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-5
The Enigma of Self-Awareness
•Seeking self knowledge is a prerequisite for personal growth.
•However, we avoid seeking information about ourselves because it may make us feel inferior.
5
![Page 6: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-6
The Sensitive Line
The point at which individuals become defensive when encountering information about themselves that is inconsistent with their self-concept.
6
![Page 7: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-7
Crossing the Sensitive Line
Our sensitive line is less likely to be crossed…
•When information is verifiable, predictable and controllable.
•When we self-disclose.
7
![Page 8: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-8
Appreciating Individual Differences
Differences
• We observe differences
• Appreciating differences helps eliminate social barriers
Distinctions
• We create distinctions
• Making distinctions creates social barriers
8
![Page 9: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-9
Five Areas of Self Awareness
9
![Page 10: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-10
Emotional Intelligence
•Difficult to measure and define.
•Considered to be an important measure of managerial success.
10
![Page 11: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-11
Components of Emotional Intelligence
• The ability to diagnose and recognize your own emotions.
• The ability to control your own emotions.
• The ability to recognize and diagnose the emotions of others.
• The ability to respond appropriately to emotional cues.
11
![Page 12: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-12
Values
• Foundation for attitudes and personal preferences
• Basis for important life decisions
• Help to define morality and ethics
12
![Page 13: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-13
Trompenaars Cultural Value Dimensions
• Universalism vs. Particularism
• Individualism vs. Collectivism
• Affective vs. Neutral
• Specific vs. Diffuse
• Achievement vs. Ascription
• Past and Present vs. Future
• Internal vs. External
13
![Page 14: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-14
Personal Values
• Instrumental Values: desirable standards of conduct for attaining an end
• Terminal Values: desirable ends or goals for the individual
14
![Page 15: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-15
Values that Managers Desire
• Sense of Accomplishment
• Self-Respect
• A Comfortable Life
• Independence
15
![Page 16: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-16
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development
A. Preconventional
(Self Centered)
A. Conventional (Conformity)
B. Postconventional (Principled)
16
![Page 17: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-17
Recent Examples of Unethical Decision Making
• Enron
• Martha Stewart
• Ford Motor Company
• Firestone
17
![Page 18: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-18
Ethical Decision Making And Values
• Most managers feel they are under pressure to compromise standards to meet company goals*
• Conflict between maximizing economic and social performance
* Study by American Management Association.
18
![Page 19: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-19
Standards for Making Ethical Decision
• Front Page Test
• Golden Rule Test
• Dignity and Liberty Test
• Equal Treatment Test
• Personal Gain Test
• Congruence Test
• Procedural Justice Test
• Cost-Benefit Test
• Good Night’s Sleep Test
19
![Page 20: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-20
Cognitive Style
An individual’s inclination to perceive, interpret, and respond to information in a certain way
20
![Page 21: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-21
Dimensions of Cognitive Style
• Knowing Style: emphasize facts, details, data; focus on logic
• Planning Style: emphasize structure, preparation, planning; focus on rules and procedures
• Creating Style: emphasize experimentation, non-rational thinking, creativity; focus on brainstorming and spontaneity
21
![Page 22: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-22
Attitudes Toward Change
Graduates of management schools today will face an environment unlike any person has ever experienced before
22
![Page 23: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-23
Change Orientation
Tolerance of Ambiguity: The extent to which individuals are comfortable coping with unclear situations.
23
![Page 24: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-24
Change Orientation (cont’d)
Locus of Control: The attitude people develop regarding the extent to which they control their own destines.
24
![Page 25: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-25
Locus of Control
Internal Locus of Control:
‘I was the cause of the success or failure.’
External Locus of Control: ‘Something else caused the success or failure.’
25
![Page 26: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-26
Internal Locus of Control
Associated with…
• Managerial success (at least in North America)
• Less alienation from work environment
• More satisfaction at work
• Less stress
• More position mobility
26
![Page 27: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-27
External Locus of Control
• Most commonly found in managers from Eastern cultures
• Tend to use coercive power more than internal leaders
• Perform poorly in stressful situations
27
![Page 28: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-28
Personality
Personality: The relatively enduring traits that makes an individual unique.
28
![Page 29: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-29
Determinants of Personality
• Some of our personality may be attributed to biology and genetics
• However, people can make changes to their personality if they are determined
29
![Page 30: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-30
Personality Traits
The Big Five Dimensions of Personality
1. Extraversion
2. Agreeableness
3. Conscientiousness
4. Neuroticism
5. Openness
30
![Page 31: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-31
Core Self-Evaluations
Core evaluations subconsciously influence people’s appraisal of themselves, the world, and others.
31
![Page 32: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-32
Core Self-Evaluation
Four Components
1. Self-Esteem
2. Generalized Self-Efficacy
3. Neuroticism
4. Locus of Control
32
![Page 33: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-33
The Effects of Core Self-Evaluations
33
![Page 34: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-34
Self-Awareness and Managerial Implications
34
![Page 35: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-3535
Behavioral Guidelines
• Identify your sensitive line
• Use the dimensions of national culture to understand differences between your values and those of other cultures
• Identify a set of principles on which you will base your behavior
• Seek ways to expand your cognitive style, tolerance for ambiguity and locus of control
![Page 36: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-3636
Behavioral Guidelines
• Enhance your emotional intelligence by monitoring your responses to others
• Develop your core self-evaluation by capitalizing on strengths and accomplishments
• Engage in honest self-disclosure
• Keep a journal for self-analysis
![Page 37: Chapter 1: Developing Self-Awareness...•Increase awareness of personal values and moral maturity level •Understand your cognitive style ... a certain way. ... Self-Esteem 2. Generalized](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022012918/5fee240c1403207967086ed4/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.
Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall