chapter 1 section 2 cultures of north america focus- thursday, august 22 benchmark la 7.1.7.3...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 1 Section 2
Cultures of North America
Focus- Thursday, August 22Benchmark LA 7.1.7.3
• Student will identify advanced word/phrase relationships and their meaning
Read the first paragraph on pg. 6 in your book.
Which of the following word BEST defines the Bering Strait?
A. Thick Ice
B. Glacier
C. Passage
D. Bridge
• Take out your book• Prepare Cornell Notes: today’s date, Subject, Objective.
Chapter 1 Section 2
Cultures of North America
• Learn about the earliest peoples of North America.
• Discover what different groups of Native Americans had in common.
• Explore the impact of geography on Native American cultures.
Objectives
Chapter 1 Section 2
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Objective
• Students will be able to summarize how humans first arrived and adapted to North and South America with 90% accuracy.
• EQ: How did the various Native American Tribes adapt to their environment?
• Prepare Cornell Notes
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Example of Cornell Notes
• ..\..\..\Graphic Organizers\CornellNotes best.pdf
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Terms and People
• culture – way of life
• culture area – region in which groups of people have a similar way of life
• kayak – a small boat made from skins
• potlatch – a ceremony at which the hosts showered their guests with gifts
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How did early civilizations develop in the Americas?
Scientists have several theories about how people first came to the Americas.
One theory says people migrated over a land bridge.
One theory says people came by boat.
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Between 10,000 and 100,000 years ago, much of the world was covered by glaciers.
As more of the world’s water froze, the level of the oceans dropped, and a land bridge appeared between Siberia and Alaska.
Today, that land bridge lies under a narrow waterway called the Bering Strait.
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Many scientists think people first came to North America between 20,000 and 30,000 years ago.
They believe that hunters crossed the land bridge in pursuit of animals such as the woolly mammoth.
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Over thousands of years, people spread across North and South America.
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Over the centuries, several civilizations rose and declined in the Americas:
• the Mayas
• the Aztecs
• the Incas
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How did geography influence the development of cultures in North America?
In North America, groups of people developed unique cultures.
Around 3,000 years ago, various groups began to emerge in an area stretching from the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi Valley.
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One group of Mound Builders, the Mississippians, built the first cities in North America.
These people are called Mound Builders because they constructed large piles of earth as burial places or as the foundations of buildings.
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Cultures of North America
They built large cliff dwellings and were skilled at making baskets, pottery, and jewelry.
The Anasazi culture emerged in southern Utah, Colorado, northern Arizona, and New Mexico.
Mysteriously, by 1300, the Anasazis had abandoned their cliff dwellings.
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Through trade with people who lived on the Gulf of California, they got seashells that they used to create jewelry and religious objects.
From about 300 B.C. to A.D. 1450, farmers called the Hohokam lived in present-day Arizona.
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Scholars classify Native Americans into several culture areas.
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Ways of Life
Hunting and Gathering
• In many culture areas, women gathered plants and roots, and men hunted and fished.
Farming • In other culture areas, Native Americans grew crops suited to the climate in which they lived.
• Populations were much larger in farming areas than in non-farming areas.
Trading • Trade was common in all culture areas.
• Seashells or beads were used as currency in some areas.
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They believed that spirits dwelled in nature and that these spirits were part of their daily lives.
Many Native Americans felt a close relationship to the natural world.
Native American storytellers passed down their beliefs and history from generation to generation.
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Today’s Agenda• Read: pg. 6-7 and 12-13
• Remember: 1. Write down the sub-heading(in your words)
2. Use bullet points
3. Write your notes similar to text mess.
4. Read the chunk first then ask: what are 2 imp. Facts from this reading?
Complete: Cornell Notes
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Cultures of North America
Let’s Discuss. . .
• Turn to your partner and discuss one thing about today’s Unit Learning goal you are sure about.
• Now discuss one thing you are not clear about or may need some extra help to understand.
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Well before 10,000 B.C., Native Americans had spread across the North American continent.
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Native American tribes built different kinds of homes.
The types of houses they built depended on the climate and the geography in the region where they lived.
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People of the Arctic, Subarctic, and Pacific Northwest
People of the Arctic
• They lived in a bitterly cold land.
• They ate fish, shellfish, and birds and hunted marine mammals from kayaks.
People of the Subarctic
• They lived in dense forests in a land too cold for farming.
• They hunted caribou, moose, and bear.
People of the Pacific Northwest
• There were plenty of animals and plants where they lived, so they could live in permanent settlements even though they were not farmers.
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People of the Far West and the Southwest
People of the Far West
• They lived in different geographic regions, ranging from cold northern forests and grasslands to hot southern deserts.
• Housing types ranged from pit houses to bark houses to wooden houses.
People of the Southwest
• The climate in their region was dry most of the year but wet in July and August.
• Some people farmed; others hunted.
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The Pueblo people, such as the Hopis and Zunis, had stable towns with houses made of adobe.
The towns lasted for hundreds of years.
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Much of the western Plains was too dry to farm, so the people hunted buffalo, which provided them with most of the things they needed to live.
In the eastern Plains, the people farmed and lived in earth lodges.
People in the western Plains lived in tepees or round pits in the ground.
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People of the Eastern Woodlands
Early People of the Eastern Woodlands
• The earliest woodlands people hunted, fished, and gathered nuts and berries.
• By about A.D. 1000, some woodlands people had begun farming.
Algonquian People
• These people spoke Algonquian languages and lived in southern Canada, the Great Lakes area, and along the Atlantic coast to Virginia.
Iroquois People
• These groups of people spoke Iroquoian languages and lived in what is now New York.
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People of the Southeast
Cherokees and Creeks
• The land and the climate of the southeast supported farming.
• The Cherokees and the Creeks built wooden-frame houses covered with straw mats and plastered with mud clay.
Natchez People
• These people lived on the Gulf Coast.
• They created a complex society with a ruler, nobles, and commoners.
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Cultures of North America
Time for Reflection . . .
• Turn to your partner and • In Today’s lesson. . . .• What am I clear about?• What am I confused about?• On a scale of 1 to 3, 1 being “I did not really
try” and 3 being “I tried my very best” Rank your efforts thus far.
• What could I do to enhance my learning today?
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Extended Learning
1. Finish all class agenda
2. Create a Cartoon depicting how nature played a role in one of the Native American Tribes living in North America. Be Creative and Colorful!
3. Write a 2-3 sentence summary (underneath) explaining your cartoon
4. Due: Monday, August 26th
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Cultures of North America
Reflection• Where do you think you are on today’s on the Unit learning goal?
Rate yourself 1-4
• To move up a level, what do you think you need to do?
• Are you clear about the lesson so far?
• Are you confused about anything?
• Is there anything you can do to enhance your learning today?
• Write your reflection answering all questions/below your summary.
• Complete your student progress chart• Have a nice day