Chapter 10Very briefly…

Objectives

Students will be able to:• Name the 6 most commonly found elements in all living

things.• Explain why carbon is essential to life

LEFT Question 1

Recall what were the 6 most common elements in ALL

living things?

Left - CHONPS

C = Carbon

H = Hydrogen

O = Oxygen

N = Nitrogen

P = Phosphorus

S = Sulfur

LEFT Question 2

Where do we get the elements we need?

CHONPS – you are what you eat• Where do we get these elements from?

• from our ENVIRONMENT!

• We eat a variety of foods that provide us with different nutrients and elements

• how else can we get these besides eating? • Breathing! Nitrogen (78%) and Oxygen (21%) are in the air.

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LEFT Question 3

Describe how carbon bonds with itself and other

molecules.

Carbon!

C

• How many valence electrons does Carbon have???

..

. .

Carbon!

Can form:• 4 covalent bonds with other elements• Long chains• Short chains• Branched chains• Rings

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C.

...

Hydrocarbons – basic molecules

ONLY hydrogens and carbons

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methane

Pentane

Predict: what is this called?

Saturated vs Unsaturated

• Saturated• ONLY single bonds

• Unsaturated• Has at least one double or triple bond between carbons

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FATS!!! (Lipids)

Unsaturated fats

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Those snacks still have cis- fat!

How are saturated and unsaturated fats different?

LEFT Question 4

Hydroxyl Group RIGHT

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Carboxyl Group

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Amino Group

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Recall what were the four important macro molecules in

all living things?

LEFT Question 5

biomolecules• Lipids (fats)• Proteins (Insulin)• Carbohydrates (glucose)• nucleic acids (DNA)

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Explain how Carbon is important to life.

LEFT Question 6