chapter 15 – changes in matter section 15-1 solids, liquids, & gases
TRANSCRIPT
States of MatterStates of Matter
• Different forms of matter:• Solids• Liquids• Gases
PARTICLES ARE ALWAYS IN MOTION
States of MatterStates of Matter
• State depends on 2 things:• Particle (atoms/molecules) arrangement
• repeating pattern, in contact, or random• Particle motion
• vibrating, sliding freely, or spread apart in all directions
Solid MatterSolid Matter
• Definite volume, definite shape
• Particles packed together tightly
• Particles in a fixed position, but vibrating
• Examples: wood, glass, salt, plastic
Vibrate in place
Types of Solid MatterTypes of Solid Matter
• Crystalline Solid – regular, repeating pattern• Examples - salt, sugar, sand, snow• Melts at distinct, characteristic melting point
SALT SNOW
Types of Solid MatterTypes of Solid Matter
• Amorphous Solid – NOT arranged in a pattern• Examples – plastics, rubber, glass• NO distinct melting point (melts over a range),
becomes “softer” as it is heated
CANDLE GLASS
Liquid MatterLiquid Matter
• Definite volume,NO definite shape
• Particles can move from place to place (slide)
• Particles attracted to each other, but easily separate
• Take the shape of the container its put in
• Examples: milk, oil, water
Sliding, in contact
Liquid MatterLiquid Matter
• Viscosity – resistance of a liquid to flow• Fluid – a substance that flows
• HIGH VISCOSITY – flow slow (syrup, honey)• LOW VISCOSITY – flow quickly (water, alcohol)
LOW HIGH
Viscosity Viscosity
Note: Earth Science – lava flows can be runny or thick (viscosity)
Gas MatterGas Matter
• NO definite volume,
NO definite shape• Particles push outward on
container, flying at high speeds
• Spread to fill container • Particles can travel
anywhere, until they hit a solid surface
• Examples:
air (breathing in & out), oxygen, water vapor, perfume odor
Move freely