chapter 2: population tracy otieno and dedeepya mulpuru
TRANSCRIPT
What is Population?
• Population– The number of people in a
given region– Counted by a census which
is counted every 10 years in most countries
• Census – The counting the population
in a region.– Gathers information
including gender, race, age, income..etc.
• Demography– The study of
characteristics of human population
• Population Density – Number of people
occupying an area of land
Measuring population
• 2/3rds of the world population is concentrated in four specific areas:– East Asia, Southwest
Asia, South Asia and Europe
• Ecumene – Portion of Earth’s surface
occupied by permanent human settlement
• Crude density– Number of people in a given
area• Population Density
– Total number of people divided by total land area
• Agricultural density – Number of farmers per
arable land• Physiological density
– Number of people per arable land
Population Change
• Total Fertility Rate– Average number of children
a woman will have during childbearing years
• Infant Mortality Rate– Number of infants under
age 1 compared with total live births
• Life Expectancy– Average number of years
expected to live
• Crude Birth Rate– Number of births per 1,000
people• Crude Death Rate
– Number of deaths per 1,000 people
• Doubling time– Amount of time it takes the
population to double of a given region
• Natural Rate of Increase– Percentage of population
growth in a year– Equation: (CBR-CDR)/10
Population Pyramid• A bar graph that displays age
and gender of a population.– The shape is determined by the
CBR– Influenced by % of population in
each age group and distribution of males and females
• Sex ratio– Number of males per 100
females• Dependency ratio
– Number of people to young or too old compared to those who work
Stage 1:Low
growth
Stage 2:High
Growth
Stage 3:Moderate
Growth
Stage 4: Low
Growth
Why does population increase at different rates in different places?
• Based on the demographic transition model, it explains population change as a country develops from a pre-Industrial to an industrialized economic system.
Epidemiologic Transition Model• Focuses on the distinctive causes of death in each stage of the
demographic transition:– Stage 1: Pestilence and famine
• Black Plague– Stage 2: Receding Plague
• Affects high percent of population and is wide spread• cholera
– Stage 3: Degenerative and human-created diseases• Decline of infectious diseases and is associated with aging• cancer
– Stage 4: Delayed degenerative diseases– (Stage 5: Reemergence of infectious diseases and parasitic diseases)
• Evolved diseases, new strains.• Malaria
Malthus Theory
• Wrote an essay Principle of Population of 1798 which stated that the population would growing too fast for the food supply.– Critic:
• Failed to considered population growth in poor countries which would result with a wider resource gap.
Helpful Links
• http://quizlet.com/17803728/population-geography-review-flash-cards/
• http://www.superteachertools.com/jeopardyx/jeopardy-review-game.php?gamefile=1304099801