chapter 2 properties of matter. remember… matter is anything that has mass and takes up space can...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 2 Properties of Matter
![Page 2: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Remember…• Matter is anything that has
mass and takes up space• Can you name something that
is not matter?• What is the absence of matter
called?– Vacuum
![Page 3: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Extensive vs. Intensive
• Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive
• Extensive property – dependant on the amount of matter in a sample
• Intensive property – independent of the amount of matter in a sample
![Page 4: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Examples• Extensive:
– Mass, volume, length
• Intensive: – Density, hardness, color
![Page 5: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Substances• Substance - Matter that has a uniform
and definite composition
• Every sample of a given substance has identical properties because every sample has the same composition
• Examples of substances include copper, gold, mercury, water, and carbon dioxide.
![Page 6: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Physical Properties• Can be observed or measured without
changing the substance’s composition
• Can you think of any physical properties? – Hardness, color, conductivity, malleability,
melting point, boiling point, physical state
![Page 7: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
– Definite shape– Definite volume– Not easily
compressed
• Plasma and Bose - Einstein condensates are 2 states of matter that are not as common
![Page 8: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Shape Volume Compressibility
Solid definite shape definite volume not easily compressed
Liquid
Gas
![Page 9: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• Physical Change – some properties of the material change, but the composition of the material stays the same
• May be reversible or irreversible
Physical Changes
![Page 10: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Physical Changes
• Boil, freeze, melt, condense• Break, split, grind, cut, crush
• If the composition of the material changes, it is NOT a physical change.
![Page 11: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Mixtures
• A mixture is a blend of 2 or more physical components
• Mixtures can be classified as heterogeneous or homogeneous
![Page 12: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Mixtures
• Heterogeneous – composition is NOT uniform
• Homogeneous – uniform composition• Homogeneous mixtures are sometimes
called solutions • A phase can be used to describe any part of
a sample with uniform composition (example: 2 phases - oil and water)
![Page 13: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Classifying Mixtures
• Food coloring• Ice cubes in liquid water• Mouthwash• Mashed, unpeeled potatoes• Olive oil• Salt water• Gasoline• Chocolate chip ice cream
![Page 14: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Separating Mixtures
• Physical properties can be used to separate mixtures• Example: Assume you are asked to separate a mixture of
olive oil and vinegar. • You could decant (pour off) olive oil from vinegar. What
physical property allows you to do this? • You could cool the mixture until the oil solidifies, but the
vinegar is still a liquid. What physical property allows you to do this?
![Page 15: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Distillation
• A liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a liquid.
put in pic of dist set up
![Page 16: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Elements and Compounds
• An element is the simplest form of matter• A compound two or more elements that are
chemically combined in a fixed proportion• Compounds can only be broken down by
chemical means (not physical)
![Page 17: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Elements and Compounds
• Compounds usually have properties that are quite different from those of their component elements.
• Can you think of any examples?• NaCl, H2O, C6H12O6
![Page 18: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Matter Map
![Page 19: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Chemical Changes
• The composition of the matter always changes
• Examples include: burning, rotting, rusting, decomposing, fermenting, exploding, and corroding
![Page 20: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Chemical Reactions
• There are four clues that provide evidence of a chemical change:– Transfer of energy– Change in color– Production of a gas– Formation of a precipitate
![Page 21: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Chemical Reactions
• Be careful, the clues are only indicators that a chemical change may have occurred.
• What is the only way to tell for sure that a chemical reaction has taken place?
![Page 22: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Law of Conservation of Mass
• During any chemical reaction, the mass of the products is equal to the mass of the reactants
• In any physical change or chemical reaction, matter can neither be created or destroyed.
![Page 23: Chapter 2 Properties of Matter. Remember… Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Can you name something that is not matter? What is the absence](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110320/56649c925503460f9494d835/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Content Standards