Chapter 20-2

Moving To the City

Growth of Cities

• In 1870, 1in 4 People lived in cities (over 2500ppl)

• In 1910, 1 in 2 people now did.– Causes Immigrants- 80% of population – Looking for jobs because of mechanization

Transportation and Resources

• Railroads fed the growth of cities.

• Chicago grew to be one of the biggest meat packing cities

• Pittsburgh thrived because of iron and steel

• Seaports opened up- New York & San Fran

Tenement Living

• People poured into cities faster than houses could be built forcing many to live in Tenements or slums- houses in poor neighborhoods. – Small Dark Rooms– 3-4 people living in each room

Jacob Riis

• Reported on Tenement living in his Book “How the Other Half Lives”

On the Flip - The Middle Class

• Professional People- Doctors, Lawyers, & ministers.

• Moved to Suburbs – outside of cities- many had all the luxuries like hot water, indoor toilets and by 1900 electricity. Usually had at least one servant.

The Gilded Age• Upper class- the very rich- lived in

mansions, now converted into museums!!

In 1883, Alva and William Vanderbilt threw a party that was reported to cost $75,000. For food and entertainment- 1.3 Mil today!

The Gilded Age Mark Twain- referred to society that was quite different.

Health and CrimeThe “Lung Block” was dubbed because of the amount of TB cases.

Crime

• Gangs Quickly spread in areas where people outnumbered the police.

Gangs of New York

Solutions

• YMCA- Young Men’s Christian Associations & YWCA’s too for women!

• Gave opportunities where young could play not fight and steal- Idle hands…

James Naismith

January 20, 1892

• Settlement houses- Hull House- Jane Adams- in Chicago in 1889- Got kids off the streets. Provided Medical care, wash new born babies, prepare the dead, nurse the sick & mind the children.

Building Up- Not Out

• Space in cities was precious. – Architects answered the call– 1884 first skyscraper 10 stories!! In Chicago-

Sold insurance – William Jenney– Helped by Otis’ invention – Elevator

William Jenney

103rd floor1353 ft

Woolworth Building• 55 stories 792 ft tall

New forms of TransportationOral Notes

Ghost busters 2Ghostbusters clip

                                                                                                                                                   

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7e/Grand_Central_Depot_exterior.jpg

Eads Bridge

                                                             

                                                            

1595 ft

Brooklyn

NYC’s Rival- ST. LOUIS Crosses Mississippi