Chapter 23, Section 5The Congress of Vienna

Pages 672-675

Objectives• List the results of the Congress of Vienna.• Show how the ideas of the French

Revolution continued to influence people

Discussion

• List in order of importance the main functions of government.

Metternich’s Plan for Europe

• Congress of Vienna: heads of state in Europe wanted a peaceful social order on the continent. This meeting was to set up policies, they were to meet for four weeks ended up lasting eight months.

• Representatives from the five “great powers” Russia, Great Britain, Austria Prussia, and France met in secret.

• The most influential was the foreign minister from Austria, Prince Klemens von Metternich.

Metternich

• Metternich did not support democratic ideals of the French Revolution.

• Metternich had three goals of the Congress of Vienna—– 1. prevent future French aggression by

surrounding France with strong countries.– 2. balance of power – so no other country

would be a threat to other countries.– 3. Metternich wanted to restore Europe’s royal

families to the thrones that were held before Napoleon’s conquests.

• Legitimacy: restoring rulers that had been pushed from thrones during Napoleon’s reign. Returning to monarchs would stabilize political relations among the countries.

• The outcomes of the Congress of Vienna:– First time countries cooperated in the area of

political affairs.– Settlements were such that no country would

carry a grudge.– No future wars were laid and one of the most

successful peace affairs in history.

Political Changes Beyond Vienna

• Congress of Vienna was a victory for conservatives.

• Britain and France were constitutional monarchies

• Russia, Prussia, and Austria maintained absolute monarchs.

• Holy Alliance: 1815, The countries of Austria, Russia, and Prussia signed a pledged to base relations with others based on Christian principles to reverse any forces of revolution.

• Concert of Europe: developed by Metternich that nations of Europe would help each other if any revolutions broke out.

• The Congress of Vienna could not turn back the clock. Revolution had given Europeans a taste of democratic government.

• Revolution in Latin America: So as monarchs were being restored in Europe. Spanish colonies in Latin America claimed independence.

Long-Term Legacy

• Nationalism: these feelings would explode into revolutions and new nations would be formed.

• The idea of power and authority changed due to the French Revolution.

• More and more people thought democracy was the best way to infuse equality and justice.

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