chapter 28. the relative pronoun who, whom, whose, which and that - helps a simple sentence become...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 28
The Relative Pronoun
Who, whom, whose, which and that - helps a simple sentence become complex.
The poet tells a story about a girl.
The girl has come to America on a visit.
The poet tells a story about a girl who has come to America on a visit.
Make a complex sentence out of each.
a. The girl is dancing with everybody.
b. The girl likes you.
a. I love the poet.
b. The poet has come from Italy.
a. A teacher will forget your past mistakes.
b. A teacher wants you to do well.
A relative clause is that part of a sentence
which is introduced by a relative pronoun
and has its own subject and verb.
The boys whom you see are football
players.What is the relative clause?
If the relative clause is removed, the main clause is left. What is the main clause?
whom you see
The boys are football players.
The noun or pronoun to which the relative
pronoun refers is called the antecedent.
The boys is the antecedent in the
previous
sentence.
Antecedent - ante, before
cedo, go
The town which they built . . .
The students whose work we praise . . .
The children to whom you give the money . .
.
The men who work in the town . . .
The house that Jack built . . .
1. The soldiers whom the king commanded have laid
down their arms.
2. He gave money which was not his to people whom
he did not know.
3. The weapons that my father carries to war are
too heavy for me.
4. The man who seeks truth will never find gold.
Activity 1 - underline the relative clause and circle the antecedent
5. The girls whom you see are my daughters.
6. The boys to whom you gave the money have left
town.
7. The woman with whom you were dancing is my
wife.
8. The sword by which you cut the knot once
belonged to Alexander the Great.
9. We who are your friends will never betray you.
Case, Number and Gender
The relative pronoun:
1. who is always the _____________ and in
the______________ case.
2. whom is __________the subject, it is used as some
kind of _____________(direct object, indirect object, or object
of the preposition) -
______________, _______________, or
______________
3. whose indicates _______________and is always in
_______________case.
subject
nominative
never
object
dative accusative
ablative
possession
genitive
I love the girl who is in the picture.
I love the girl whom you see in the picture.
What is the subject of the relative clause in the first sentence?
who
What is the subject of the relative clause in the second sentence?
you
1. I know many (who or whom) ______ will not work.
2. They praised the man (who or whom) _______ weall admire.
3. We are working with men (who or whom) ______do not know us.
4. You have met a woman (who or whom) _______everyone admires.
Activity 2: Decide whether who or whom is correct
5. We seek an honest man (who or whom) _____wants to work.
6. I like someone (who or whom) ______ knows you.
7. I like someone (who or whom) ______ you know.
8. Those (who or whom) ______ live by the swordwill die by the sword.
9. Those (who or whom) ______ you have chosenare all good men.
10. We give money to those (who or whom) ______need it.
Case of the Relative Pronoun
Determined by its use in its own clause
I love a girl who does not love me.
I love a girl whom you love too.
Who in the first sentence would be in the _________________
case in Latin because it is the ___________________ of the
relative clause.
nominative
subject
Whom in the second sentence would be in the ________________
in Latin because it is the ______________ _______________
of the relative clause.
Activity 3 - match
a. subject _____ 1. After dinner the men gave their
wives presents.
b. possessive, of _____ 2. The teacher gave their
grades to the
students.
c. indirect object _____ 3. Some of the children are here.
d. direct object _____ 4. He destroyed the evidence with
fire.
e. abl. obj. of prep. _____ 5. There are sharks in the water.
f. abl./means or instrum. _____ 6. They want their pay.
accusative
direct object
Activity 4 - match
a. subject _____ 1. The boy to whom you gave the book is
gone.
b. possessive, of _____ 2. The town in which I live is very
small.
c. indirect object _____ 3. The water with which you put out
the fire has evaporated.
d. direct object _____ 4. The children, some of whom are
usually polite, left without . . .
e. abl. obj. of prep. _____ 5. The people whom you see are
from France.
f. abl./means or instr. _____ 6. He gave the flowers to a girl who
lives on my block.
The gender and number of the relative pronoun is
determined by its antecedent.
I like the men whom I see in the picture.
Whom is masculine and plural becasue of men.
masculine femine neuter
nom:
gen:
dat:
acc:
abl:
qui quae quod
cuius cuius cuius
cui cui cui
quem quamquodquo qua quo
who, which, that
whose, of whom
to, for whom
whom
prep & whom
which, that
of which, that
to, for which, that
which, that
prep & which
masculine feminine neuter
nom:
gen:
dat:
acc:
abl:
qui quae quae
quorum quarumquorumquibus quibus
quibusquos quas quae
quibus quibusquibus
Activity 5 - Underline the relative pronoun and draw an arrow to the
antecedent. Then translate the sentence and give the
gender, number and case for the pronoun.
1. Sextus est puer strenuus qui saepe in agris et in
horto currit.
gender:
number:
case:
masculine because the antecedent puer is masculine
singular because the antecedent puer is singular
subject because it is being used as the subject in its clause
2. Davus omnes servos in aream quae est prope villam
venīre iubet.
gender:
number:
case:
3. Aurelia et Cornelia spectabant rusticos qui in agris laborabant.
gender:
number:
case:
4. Marcus pede vexabat Corneliam quae dormīre
volebat.
gender:
number:
case:
5. “Lecticarii, quos vobis conduxi, vos domum ferent,” inquit Titus.
gender:
number:
case:
6. “Hic est arcus,” inquit Titus, “quem --”
gender:
number:
case:
7. Sextus iam cogitabat de omnibus rebus quas Titus
heri narraverat.
gender:
number:
case:
8. Boves lapides quadratos in plaustro trahebantad novum aedificium quod Caesar conficit.
gender:
number:
case:
9. Sunt multi homines scelesti qui bona civiumarripiunt.
gender:
number:
case: