Chapter 31: America on the World Stage, 1899-

1909

Chapter 31: America on the World Stage, 1899-

1909By: Sally Jacobson and Jonaki

SinghBy: Sally Jacobson and Jonaki

Singh

“Little Brown Brothers” in the Philippines

“Little Brown Brothers” in the Philippines

Filipinos weren’t granted freedom after Spanish American War

February 4, 1899- savage war b/n U.S. & Phil. 1901- Philippines defeated & McKinley

appoints Taft as head of the Philippine Commission

McKinley’s “benevolent assimilation”- included improvements of roads, sanitation, and public health, a good education system, and economic ties through sugar

July 4, 1946- Philippines gains independence

Filipinos weren’t granted freedom after Spanish American War

February 4, 1899- savage war b/n U.S. & Phil. 1901- Philippines defeated & McKinley

appoints Taft as head of the Philippine Commission

McKinley’s “benevolent assimilation”- included improvements of roads, sanitation, and public health, a good education system, and economic ties through sugar

July 4, 1946- Philippines gains independence

John Hay Defends China (and U.S. interests)

John Hay Defends China (and U.S. interests)

Countries like Japan, Russia and Germany moved into China after 1895 --> America worried about Chinese imperialism & manufacturers feared Europeans would dominate Chinese markets

John Hay issues Open Door Policy (other countries have to respect Chinese rights and idea of fair competition

Countries like Japan, Russia and Germany moved into China after 1895 --> America worried about Chinese imperialism & manufacturers feared Europeans would dominate Chinese markets

John Hay issues Open Door Policy (other countries have to respect Chinese rights and idea of fair competition

Hinging the Open Door in China

Hinging the Open Door in China

1900- super-patriotic group called the “Boxers” killed many foreigners--> Boxer Rebellion

Hay declared Open Door Policy would embrace China’s territorial and commercial integrity

1900- super-patriotic group called the “Boxers” killed many foreigners--> Boxer Rebellion

Hay declared Open Door Policy would embrace China’s territorial and commercial integrity

Kicking “Teddy” Roosevelt Upstairs

Kicking “Teddy” Roosevelt Upstairs

McKinley was a shoe in for the Election of 1900 b/c he led the U.S. through a war, acquired rich real estate, est. the gold standard, and brought prosperity

Theodore Roosevelt was nominated as V.P. so he wouldn’t pose an authority problem

William Jennings Bryan- Dem. Candidate- supported silver standard & anti-imperialism

Main issue during election was Republican overseas imperialism

McKinley was a shoe in for the Election of 1900 b/c he led the U.S. through a war, acquired rich real estate, est. the gold standard, and brought prosperity

Theodore Roosevelt was nominated as V.P. so he wouldn’t pose an authority problem

William Jennings Bryan- Dem. Candidate- supported silver standard & anti-imperialism

Main issue during election was Republican overseas imperialism

Imperialism or Bryanism in 1900?

Imperialism or Bryanism in 1900?

McKinley & Republicans supported imperialism and gold standard; Bryan was anti-imperialism & supported silver standard

“Bryanism”- Bryan would destroy U.S. prosperity with free-silver policy

McKinley won election of 1900

McKinley & Republicans supported imperialism and gold standard; Bryan was anti-imperialism & supported silver standard

“Bryanism”- Bryan would destroy U.S. prosperity with free-silver policy

McKinley won election of 1900

TR: Brandisher of the Big Stick

TR: Brandisher of the Big Stick

September 1901-McKinley is assassinated & TR takes over

Roosevelt disregarded checks and balances system

Roosevelt felt he could take action that wasn’t specifically forbidden in the Constitution

September 1901-McKinley is assassinated & TR takes over

Roosevelt disregarded checks and balances system

Roosevelt felt he could take action that wasn’t specifically forbidden in the Constitution

Colombia Blocks the Canal Colombia Blocks the Canal

Spanish-American War--> need for canal through Central America, however:

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850)- US couldn’t gain exclusive control over a route for the canal

Hay-Pauncefot Treaty- gave US free hand to build and fortify canal

Colombia protested building canal-->US waged treaty which gave 6 mile wide zone for perpetuity in exchange for $10 mil. & annual $250,000

Colombia rejected treaty--> TR built canal w/o Colombian consent

Spanish-American War--> need for canal through Central America, however:

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850)- US couldn’t gain exclusive control over a route for the canal

Hay-Pauncefot Treaty- gave US free hand to build and fortify canal

Colombia protested building canal-->US waged treaty which gave 6 mile wide zone for perpetuity in exchange for $10 mil. & annual $250,000

Colombia rejected treaty--> TR built canal w/o Colombian consent

Uncle Sam Creates Puppet Panama

Uncle Sam Creates Puppet Panama

Panamanians feared US would build canal along Nicaraguan route--> protested

1903- Bunau-Varilla leads successful revolt

Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty- gave US control of 10-mile-wide around Panama Canal in exchange for $40 million

Panamanians feared US would build canal along Nicaraguan route--> protested

1903- Bunau-Varilla leads successful revolt

Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty- gave US control of 10-mile-wide around Panama Canal in exchange for $40 million

Completing the Canal and Appeasing

Colombia Completing the Canal and Appeasing

Colombia Rape of Panama--> downfall in relations

w/ Latin America TR’s “Big Brother Policy”- claimed he had

received “mandate from civilization” to build canal & Colombia had wronged US by not letting itself be benefitted by canal

1904- construction of Panama Canal began

1914- construction completed; $400 mil. spent

Rape of Panama--> downfall in relations w/ Latin America

TR’s “Big Brother Policy”- claimed he had received “mandate from civilization” to build canal & Colombia had wronged US by not letting itself be benefitted by canal

1904- construction of Panama Canal began

1914- construction completed; $400 mil. spent

TR’s Perversion of Monroe Doctrine

TR’s Perversion of Monroe Doctrine

Countries like Venezuela and DR were in debt to European countries--> TR feared that if European nations got involved in Lat. Am., they would stay there & violate Monroe Doctrine

Roosevelt Corollary of the Monroe Doctrine- US could pay LA debt to keep European nations out of LA

“Bad Neighbor” Policy- LA countries hated US for intervening

Countries like Venezuela and DR were in debt to European countries--> TR feared that if European nations got involved in Lat. Am., they would stay there & violate Monroe Doctrine

Roosevelt Corollary of the Monroe Doctrine- US could pay LA debt to keep European nations out of LA

“Bad Neighbor” Policy- LA countries hated US for intervening

Roosevelt on the World Stage

Roosevelt on the World Stage

1904- war b/n Japan & Russia broke out b/c Russia refused to withdraw troops from Manchuria & Korea

Japan was defeating Russia until supplies ran low--> asked TR to sponsor peace

1905- TR made agreement in which Japan got no compensation for losses & received southern 1/2 of Sakhalin

1906- TR received Nobel Peace Prize, but relations w/ Japan and Russia deteriorated b/c both felt robbed by agreement

1904- war b/n Japan & Russia broke out b/c Russia refused to withdraw troops from Manchuria & Korea

Japan was defeating Russia until supplies ran low--> asked TR to sponsor peace

1905- TR made agreement in which Japan got no compensation for losses & received southern 1/2 of Sakhalin

1906- TR received Nobel Peace Prize, but relations w/ Japan and Russia deteriorated b/c both felt robbed by agreement

Japanese Laborers in California

Japanese Laborers in California

1884- Japan lifted ban on emigration--> thousands of Japanese were recruited to work in CA-->faced racism

1906- San Francisco school board segregated Chinese, Japanese, & Korean students & Japanese were insulted

“Gentlemen’s Agreement”- CA repealed segregation & Japan agreed to stop flow of immigrants

1908- Root-Takahira Agreement- US & Japan pledged to respect each other’s territorial possessions

1884- Japan lifted ban on emigration--> thousands of Japanese were recruited to work in CA-->faced racism

1906- San Francisco school board segregated Chinese, Japanese, & Korean students & Japanese were insulted

“Gentlemen’s Agreement”- CA repealed segregation & Japan agreed to stop flow of immigrants

1908- Root-Takahira Agreement- US & Japan pledged to respect each other’s territorial possessions