chapter 31 - fungi
TRANSCRIPT
2007-2008 AP Biology
DomainBacteria
DomainArchaea
DomainEukarya
Common ancestor
Kingdom: Fungi
Domain Eukarya
AP Biology
General characteristics Classification criteria
eukaryotes heterotrophs
feed by absorption mostly multicellular
except unicellular yeasts cell wall
chitin rigid polysaccharide
sexual & asexual reproduction
AP Biology
Fungal Structure Fungal body
mycelium thread-like cells hyphae
Cells multiple nuclei
Cell wall chitin
just like crab shells
AP Biology
Internal structure Eukaryotic cells
long, thread-like cells filamentous
incomplete divisions between cells septum
multiple nuclei
septum
chitin cell wall
nucleipore
Aaaaah,structure–function
relationship!
AP Biology
plant cell
fungal hypha
plant cellmembrane
plantcell wall
Modes of Nutrition Heterotrophic
secrete digestive enzymes feed by absorption
parasites feeding on living creatures
predators paralyzing prey
decomposer breakdown dead remains
Fungi live IN their food!
It’s like you living in Chocolate cake!
AP Biology
Fungal Diversity
Chytridiomycota
Zygomycota
Basidiomycota
Ascomycota
Fungi
AP Biology
Ecological Roles Decomposers
recycle nutrients Symbiotic Relationships
lichen fungi + algae
cyanobacteria or green algae pioneer species in
ecosystems makes soil from bare rock
mycorrhizae fungi + plants enables plants to absorb more water
Lichens are fungi that have discovered
agriculture!
AP Biology
Mycorrhizae Critical role in plant growth
extends water absorption of roots
withoutmycorrhizae
withmycorrhizae
EctomycorrhizaEndomycorrhiza
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Reproduction Asexual
budding in yeast
Sexual spores
spread by wind joining of + & – haploid spores
haploidspores
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hypha
(n)haploid
(2n)diploid
mating strain
mating strain
FUSION of+ and – gametangia
sporangium
spores(haploid)
MEIOSIS
Zygomycete (Bread Mold) Life Cycle
AP Biology
Basidiomycete Life Cycle
FUSION ofand
hyphae
fruiting body
MEIOSIS
spores
gills linedwith basidia
basidium
zygote(n)haploid
(n + n)dikaryotic
strain
strain
2n (diploid)
AP Biology
Fairy Rings
AP Biology
The FIRST Antibiotics
2007-2008 AP Biology
Any Questions??