fungi (chapter 31)
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12IOA6A11e8. Fungi (Chapter 31). Pink ear rot of corn. Fungi. Are they always a nuisance?. Mold in the shower. Shaggy Mane ( Coprinus comatus ). Death Cap ( Amanita phalloides ). Mycorrhizae: Fungus living in a mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Fungi (Chapter 31)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12IOA6A11e8
Pink ear rot of corn
Fungi
Are they always a nuisance?
Mold in the shower
Death Cap (Amanita phalloides) Shaggy Mane (Coprinus comatus)
Mycorrhizae:Fungus living in a mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots
Fungal production of an antibiotic
Budding yeast
Psilocybes
psilocybin serotonin
Dutch Elm Disease
Decomposers
Mycology: Study of Fungi
31.2 Structure of a multicellular fungus
Septate hyphae (left) and nonseptate (coenocytic) hyphae (right)
31.3
31.20 A fairy ring
31.1. Can you spot the largest organism in this forest?
31.7. Yeast: Asexually-reproducing, single-celled fungus
31.6. Mold: Asexually-reproducing, rapidly-growing fungus (Penicillium)
Fungi may be
• Saprobes (absorb nutrients from dead organic material)
• Parasites (absorb nutrients from live organic material)
31.25. Examples of fungal diseases of plants.
Strawberries with Botrytis mold, a plant parasitic fungus
Fungi may be
• Saprobes (absorb nutrients from dead organic material)
• Parasites (absorb nutrients from live organic material)
• Predators
31.4 Specialized fungal hyphae
Fungi may be
• Saprobes (absorb nutrients from dead organic material)
• Parasites (absorb nutrients from live organic material)
• Predators
• Mutualistic symbionts
31.23. Lichens (mutualism between an alga/cyanobacterium and a fungus)
31.24Anatomy of a lichen
Anatomy of a lichen
Algal cells
Fungus
Mycorrhizae:Fungus living in a mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots
An experimental test of the benefits of mycorrhizae (soybean plants)
Compare with 31.21.InquiryDo endophytes (fungi within plants) benefit a woody plant
31.22 Fungal-animal mutualistic symbiosisLeaf cutting ants depend on fungi to convert plant material into ant food. Ants feed the fungi the leaves
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xxnmh4IDYaU
Which of the following statements is sufficient by itself to identify an unknown organism as belonging to the kingdom Fungi?
a) It is multicellular and non-photosynthetic.
b) It has cell walls and reproduces by spores.
c) It has filamentous growth and obtains its food by absorption.
d) It has prokaryotic cells, and cell walls made of chitin.
e) It is unicellular and eukaryotic.
31.5 Generalized life cycle of fungi
Phylogeny of fungi
31.11. Exploring fungal diversity.
Deuteromycetes (imperfect fungi)
• Fungi without known sexual stages that cannot (yet) be classified.
Phylogeny of fungi
31.10 Chytridiomycota (chytrids) – aquatic (~1,000 species)
Flagellated stage (zoospore)
Some chytrids are devastating amphibian populations
Phylogeny of fungi
The common mold Rhizopus decomposing strawberries
Zygomycota - Conjugating Fungi
31.13 The life cycle of the zygomycete Rhizopus (black bread mold)
Young zygosporangium
Mature zygosporangium
Pilobolus
Dung cannon fungus (Pilobolus crystallinus) on rabbit pellets.
Phylogeny of fungi
31.15. Glomeromycetes: Arbuscular mycorrhizae with hyphae tips that push into plant roots and branch into tiny tree-like
structures
Phylogeny of fungi
Sac Fungi: Ascomycetes - Life cycle (31.17)
Antheridia Developing asci Mature ascus with ascospores
Budding yeast
31.16. Ascomycetes (sac fungi)
Scarlet cup
Truffles Morel
A moldy orange (left), Penicillium (right)
Phylogeny of fungi
31.19. The life cycle of a mushroom-forming basidiomycete
Gills (reproduction)
31.18 Basidiomycetes (club fungi): Greville's bolete (top left),turkey tail (bottom left), stinkhorn (right)
Coprinus comatus, Shaggy Mane
Amanita
Review of Fungal Phyla (p. 652)
What is the fungal process that has the opposite effect on chromosome number than the effect of meiosis?
• Mitosis
• Plasmogamy
• Crossing over
• Binary fission
• Karyogamy