chapter 4 - atomic structure notes on 4.1 - 4.3. atoms
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Chapter 4 - Chapter 4 - Atomic StructureAtomic Structure
Notes on 4.1 - 4.3Notes on 4.1 - 4.3
AtomsAtoms
History of the History of the AtomAtom
The discovery of the The discovery of the electron…electron…
J.J. Thomson’s ModelJ.J. Thomson’s Model
Rutherford and the nucleusRutherford and the nucleus
400 BC 1803 1904 1910 1913 1926
Niels Bohr
J J Thomson
Democratus
John Dalton
Schroedinger / Heisenberg
Ernest Rutherford
Atomic Theory
Parts of an AtomParts of an Atom
Parts of an Atom:
ParticleParticle chargecharge massmass locationlocation
ProtonProton
NeutronNeutron
ElectronElectron
QuarksQuarks
Atomic NumberAtomic Number
Mass NumberMass Number
Atomic Mass UnitsAtomic Mass Units
Mass of an AtomMass of an Atom
IsotopesIsotopes
Isotopes of HydrogenIsotopes of HydrogenHydrogen has three isotopes:
•Hydrogen-1
•Hydrogen-2
•Hydrogen-3
Hydrogen-1Hydrogen-1 Hydrogen-2Hydrogen-2 Hydrogen-3Hydrogen-3
mass = 1mass = 1
1 proton1 proton 1 proton1 proton 1 proton1 proton
0 neutrons0 neutrons
Atomic # =1Atomic # =1 Atomic # =Atomic # = Atomic # =Atomic # =
Bohr Model vs. Rutherford Bohr Model vs. Rutherford ModelModel
What is an energy level?What is an energy level?
Energy Levels and the AtomEnergy Levels and the Atom
Energy Level Diagram
Important Energy Level RulesImportant Energy Level Rules
Potassium - 19 total electrons
1 level - 2 3rd level - 8
2nd level - 8 4th level - 1
The Electron Cloud ModelThe Electron Cloud Model
Atomic OrbitalsAtomic Orbitals
Can we see atoms?Can we see atoms?
STM Images of an AtomSTM Images of an Atom