chapter 4 section 1
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Chapter 4 Section 1
In 1950 New York was the only metropolitan area in the world with a population over 10 million. By 1994, 14 world cities had populations greater than 10 million. Four of these cities were in economically developed countries; the rest were in countries still developing modern economies. By 2015 experts predict that the population of the following cities will exceed 20 million: Tokyo, Mumbai, Lagos, Shanghai, Jakarta, São Paulo, and Karachi. Of these cities only Tokyo is in an economically developed country.
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Population Growth• The population of Earth is now about
6 billion and is expected to reach 7 billion by 2010. People inhabit about 30 percent of the planet’s land.
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• Growth Rates World population is growing rapidly because birthrates have not declined as fast as death rates.
• Improved diet and health care have lowered the death rate in many places.
• In economically developing countries, the birthrate is often very high.
• Wealthy industrialized countries, however, tend to have a low birthrate
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• Challenges of Population Growth World food production has risen to meet demands on every continent except Africa.
• However, rapidly growing populations still face shortages of freshwater, housing, and clothing.
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• Negative Population Growth In some countries the death rate is higher than the birthrate.
• Countries with negative growth rates often recruit workers from other countries to supplement their workforce.
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Population Distribution• Population Density The earth’s
people are not evenly distributed over the available land.
• Most people live near sources of freshwater and in areas where the climate is temperate.
• Population density measures the average number of people living on a square mile or square kilometer of land.
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• Population Movement More and more people throughout the world are moving to urban areas in search of better jobs, education, and health care.
• About half the world’s people now live in urban areas.
• People also migrate from one country to another, seeking greater economic opportunities and political freedom.
3.3 analyze factors that influence human movement and settlement patterns